Coatings
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 10
·1132
·
IF 2.8
Yachen Feng,Wenhan Jiao,Pengyun Xu,Xiaomu Sui,Guijie Liu,Xianghua Zhan,Changfeng Fan,Mingli Lv
Columnar-structured thermal barrier coatings deposited via the suspension plasma spray process have attracted significant attention due to their long thermal cycling life and high cost-effectiveness. In this work, the effects of suspension properties, including solvent type, viscosity, and particle size, on the formation of different coating microstructures were investigated via a comparative study. Two different kinds of solvents (water and ethanol) and particles of different sizes (D50 = 0.45 μm and 1.2 μm) were used to prepare suspensions for coating deposition, respectively. When using suspensions containing small-sized particles as feedstock, coatings deposited from the ethanol-based suspension showed columnar microstructures with inter-column crevices, while the water-based suspension resulted in cracked–columnar microstructures, showing a mixture of columns and cracks. When the large-sized particles were used to prepare the suspension, both the ethanol-based suspension and the water-based suspension resulted in homogeneous coating microstructures. The formation mechanism of different microstructures was investigated by modelling the diverted plasma jet and the in-flight particle movement during the impingement period. Particles smaller than 2 μm were strongly affected by the diverted plasma gas, showing obvious oblique impinging trajectories, while particles larger than 3 μm kept their original trajectories and impinged on the substrate orthogonally. The formation mechanism of different microstructures was elaborated by analyzing the impinging trajectories of particles transitioning from different suspensions.
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Sustainability
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 20
·
IF 3.3
Huidi Zhou,Yuqi Gao,Kaili Zhang
Wood flour, a landscaping byproduct, poses disposal challenges due to its poor degradability, despite its potential as a sustainable material. This study modified wood powder by synergistically incorporating fly ash and TiO2, followed by curing it with polyamide and epoxy resin to produce high-performance wood powder-based composites suitable for outdoor furniture applications, it can solve the environmental problems caused by fly ash. The research findings indicated that as the TiO2content increased, the material’s pore size diminished, structural strength improved, and it demonstrated enhanced hydrophobic properties and UV absorption capabilities. The optimal UV absorption performance was observed at a TiO2content of 1.5%. The combination of TiO2and fly ash led to the formation of more stable Si-O-Ti and Si-O-Si bonds, which further strengthened the material. Water contact angle and water repellency tests indicated that the 1.5% TiO2composite showed a 12% increase in compressive strength and a water contact angle of 100.6°, indicating improved hydrophobicity. The addition of TiO2reduced the number of free-OH groups within the matrix, thereby improving the composite’s hydrophobicity. Outdoor chairs fabricated by mixing 1.5% TiO2-modified wood powder with PET for demolding exhibited excellent structural stability while also being safe and environmentally friendly. This study proposes a feasible preparation strategy for wood powder, enhancing durability through improved mechanical strength, water repellency, and UV shielding. Furthermore, it offers valuable insights into the material modification of wood powder-based materials for the production of outdoor garden furniture.
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SENSORS
·
2025
·Vol. 25
·期 20
·6332
·
IF 3.5
Junyu Qu,Yixuan Liu,Wenqiang Fang,Huitao Liu,Zhenbo Liu
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is commonly employed as an antioxidant and preservative in food processing, but excessive intake of SO2can pose significant health risks. Therefore, accurate detection of sulfite content in food is crucial for ensuring food quality and safety. A novel fluorescent probe, BODIPY-Y, composed of a BODIPY derivative and an ethyl cyanoacetate group linked by a carbon–carbon double bond, was synthesized for detecting sulfur dioxide derivatives. When the BODIPY-Y probe interacts with SO32−, the probe exhibits enhanced fluorescence at 514 nm. Spectrometric experiments show that the probe exhibits high sensitivity (LOD: 0.263 μmol/L), a fast response time (50 s) and excellent selectivity for SO32−. Mechanistic studies confirm that the BODIPY-Y probe operates via an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism. The carbon–carbon double bond in BODIPY-Y undergoes nucleophilic addition with SO32−, blocking the ICT process and resulting in a blue shift in the fluorescence spectrum. In addition, the probe was applied to quantify SO32−levels in real food samples. The measured concentrations of SO2in the white sugar and red wine were 15.93 μmol/L and 7.30 μmol/L, respectively, with recovery rates of 77.9–98.1%. This work presents a prospective chemical tool for monitoring sulfur dioxide derivatives in food products.
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Marine Drugs
·
2025
·Vol. 23
·期 11
·423
·
IF 5.4
Pingting Liu,Fengyuan Li,Zhicong Liu,Yang Liu
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a histologic marker of pancreatic cancer and a potential therapeutic target. This study aimed to characterize a novel sulfated agarose-derived oligosaccharide (DP9) from marine algae,Gracilaria lemaneiformis, evaluate its Gal-3 inhibitory activity, and investigate its anti-pancreatic cancer mechanisms. Through controlled acid hydrolysis, a series of odd-numbered oligosaccharides (DP3-11) were obtained, in which DP9 showed the strongest Gal-3 inhibition in hemagglutination assays. Structural analysis confirmed DP9’s unique composition including an alternating β (1→4)-D-galactose and α (1→3)-3,6-anhydro-L-galactose backbone, featuring partial 6-O-methylation on β-D-galactose and 6-O-sulfation on 3,6-anhydro-α-L-galactose residues. Molecular docking revealed DP9’s binding to Gal-3’s carbohydrate recognition domain through key hydrogen bonds (His158, Arg162, Lys176, Asn179 and Arg186) and hydrophobic interactions (Pro117, Asn119, Trp181 and Gly235), with the sulfate group enhancing binding affinity. In vitro studies demonstrated DP9’s selective anti-pancreatic cancer activity against BxPC-3 cells, including inhibition of cell proliferation; S-phase cell cycle arrest; induction of apoptosis; and suppression of migration and invasion. Mechanistically, DP9 attenuated the Gal-3/EGFR/AKT/FOXO3 signaling pathway while showing minimal cytotoxicity to normal cells. This study first demonstrated that agarose-derived odd-numbered oligosaccharides (DP9) can serve as effective Gal-3 inhibitors, which proved its potential as a marine oligosaccharide-based therapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer.
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Journal of Fungi
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 10
·740
·
IF 4
Bing Jia,Haoxu Tang,Chuyu Tang,Chao Feng,Yuling Li,Xiuzhang Li
Ophiocordyceps sinensisrepresents a valuable medicinal resource. In this study, mechanisms underlying differences in chemical composition and antioxidant capacity among wildO. sinensis(GL), artificially cultivatedO. sinensis(RG), and product ofO. sinensis“Bailing” capsules (BL) were systematically investigated via in vitro antioxidant capacity assays and untargeted metabolomics. Results showed GL exhibited the highest total phenol (TPS) content and superior free radical scavenging activity. Additionally, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities in RG were higher than those in BL. Correlation analysis of antioxidant indices demonstrated significant positive correlations between total phenols (TPS) and flavonoids (TF) with DPPH radical scavenging, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), hydroxyl radical scavenging rate, and superoxide anion radical scavenging rate (p< 0.01). A total of 6729 metabolites were detected, encompassing amino acids and their derivatives, lipids, and nucleotides and their derivatives, among other classes. Furthermore, metabolites exhibited distinct intergroup separation, indicating significant differences in metabolic profiles betweenO. sinensisand its substitute products. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that differential metabolites were mainly enriched in amino acid, lipid, and nucleotide metabolic pathways, among which the linoleic acid metabolic pathway was significantly downregulated. Key metabolites included γ-linolenic acid, 12(13)-EpOME-d, 9-HpODE, etc. Additionally, results of correlation analysis revealed that differential metabolites of lipids, nucleotides, and amino acids exhibited a significant positive correlation with antioxidant indices (p< 0.05). These findings suggest that the antioxidant capacity ofO. sinensisand its substitutes may be regulated via linoleic acid metabolism, providing a theoretical basis for advancing targeted functional development ofO. sinensisand its substitute products.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Yumei Li,Jiexin Wang,Wenbin An,Yi Zhang,Menghao Wang,Jian Fan
Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) possess tunable fluorescence in the presence of organic pollutants, but the mechanism by which bisphenol compounds (BPs) regulate NCQDs’ fluorescence via intermolecular interactions remains unclear. Herein, we systematically investigated the fluorescence responses of NCQDs induced by three typical BPs (BPA, BPS, BPAF) in aqueous environments and the concentration-fluorescence correlation. Results showed all three BPs significantly enhanced NCQDs’ fluorescence, with a clear linear relationship between their low concentrations (0.2–100 μg/L) and fluorescence intensity. DFT calculations revealed that the hydrogen bonding energies between NCQDs and BPA/BPS/BPAF are much higher than those with water, indicating NCQDs form more stable complexes with BPs via hydrogen bonding. Natural transition orbital analysis demonstrated that hydrogen bonds formed by NCQDs’ surface carboxyl groups shift the S 1 state transition mode from dominant 1(n + π, π*) to 1(π, π*), triggering fluorescence intensity changes and emission spectral shifts. Additionally, hole-electron distribution analysis showed hydrogen bonds effectively inhibit electron transfer from NCQDs’ carbon skeleton to surface carboxyl groups, confirming hydrogen bonds play a pivotal role in regulating NCQDs’ electron transition processes.
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Photonics
·
2025
·Vol. 12
·期 3
·199
·
IF 1.9
Rui Sun,Qichang An,Xiaoxia Wu
Exoplanets are regarded as important objects for studying stellar evolution and also as the basis for exploring the origin of life. Therefore, they have been one of the hotspots in astronomical research for many years. Since 1992, thanks to the improvement in the precision of astronomical observation equipment, more than five thousand exoplanets have been discovered. In recent years, the progress in ground-based and space-based observation technologies has significantly enhanced the precision and efficiency of detection and promoted the implementation of more ground-based detection projects. This paper introduces the existing exoplanet detection telescopes and their representative instruments, summarizes the progress in telescope technology and hardware optimization, and looks forward to the research and development trends in the next 5 to 10 years.
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OPTICS LETTERS
·
2025
·Vol. 50
·期 21
·6533-6536
·
IF 3.3
Yu Zhang,Yu Zhang,Kai Li,Kai Li,Hala Muji,Hala Muji,Qixu Tian,Qixu Tian,Yuansong Gao,Yuansong Gao,Narimai J,Narimai J,Xinyu Gu,Xinyu Gu,Fengqi Zhao,Fengqi Zhao,Fengqi Zhao,Kefu Chao,Kefu Chao,Dengfeng Peng,Dengfeng Peng,Dengfeng Peng,Dengfeng Peng
In this study, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, Cr3+-doped garnet fluorescent material (Ca2TbScGa2Ge2O12:Cr3+, CTSGGO:Cr3+) in high-entropy oxides has been successfully synthesized by a high-temperature solid-phase method and systematically investigated in terms of its photoluminescence (PL) and mechanoluminescence (ML) properties. The material shows broadband near-infrared emission in the 700–900 nm range when excited by 460 nm blue light, with a half-peak width of 116 nm. Additionally, it achieves NIR-visible synergistic emission in both PL and ML modes through efficient energy transfer from Tb3+ to Cr3+ (with a transfer efficiency of 75%). When encapsulated in PDMS, the material exhibits dual ML responses: 450–650 nm (Tb3+) and 650–900 nm (Cr3+) under mechanical stress. It was integrated with commercial blue LED chips and PDMS for practical applications in night vision imaging, tissue penetration visualization, and multiple-mode optical anti-counterfeiting. This work offers new insights for designing broadband NIR-emitting materials and developing photoelectronic and force-responsive devices.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 4.6
Siqi Zhao,Yongqi Lv,Ziwei Zhang,Jinglian Fan
Nano powder plays a key role in preparing high performance tungsten-based materials. It is necessary to synthesize powder with uniform element distribution, low impurity content, and fine particles for preparing higher performance tungsten-based materials with more uniform microstructure, with smaller grain size and higher densification. However, it is difficult to synthesize uniform oxide/carbide reinforced tungsten matrix composite powders with specific structure by traditional powder metallurgy method. In this manuscript, nano W-Y-Ti powders with core-shell structure were synthesized by organic chemical method. The average grain size of W-Y-Ti is 33.33 nm, which indicates the powder refinement is 1 order of magnitude compared with other methods. Moreover, due to the difference of Y 3+ and Ti 4+ , the Y phase tends to form core in W particle and the Ti phase tends to form shell around W particle in these powders synthesized by organic chemical method. This powder structure is conducive to in-situ dispersion of the reinforced phase during sintering and significantly improves the interface properties of the reinforced phase /W matrix phase. The W-Y-Ti composite prepared by SPS shows fine grain size (750 nm) and uniform distribution (Y 2 O 3 is distributed within the W grain, while Ti is distributed at the grain boundaries). It means the microstructure of the powder can be inherited to the bulk materials, which can improve the performance of these composites. This manuscript provides ideas and data basis for the synthesis and preparation of high-strength, tough and high-performance W-based composite materials.
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2025
·Vol. 46
·期 4
·117912
·
IF 6.2
Xingzhong Liu,Manting Zeng,Hua Hao,Zhonghua Yao,Hanxing Liu
This study proposes a novel grain-boundary engineering strategy that synergistically enhances both resistance against reduction and dielectric stability in BaTiO 3 -based ceramics sintered under reducing atmosphere. By constructing uniform 2–3 nm Yb 2 O 3 coatings on 100 nm BaTiO 3 particles via chemical co-precipitation, we achieve in situ formation of Yb 2 Ti 2 O 7 pyrochlore phases at grain boundaries during sintering. Unlike conventional solid-state processed counterparts, the grain-boundary-confined Yb 2 Ti 2 O 7 phases exhibit dual functional mechanisms: Zener pinning-induced ultrafine grain refinement, and lattice mismatch-generated compressive stress that stabilizes the pseudocubic phase. These coupled effects synergistically elevate carrier migration activation energies, enabling ultrahigh resistivity (7.91 ×10 10 Ω·cm) and exceptional resistance against reduction. Simultaneously, the synergy between stress and the grain structure refines ferroelectric domains to the nanoscale, thereby activating strong relaxor behavior that enhances dielectric stability. Consequently, the engineered ceramic simultaneously delivers X7R-compliant thermal stability ( ε 25℃ =1623, tanδ =0.76 %) and minimal DC bias dependence (∆ εᵣ/ε 0 = 4.2 % at 0–2 V/µm).
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DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Wenjie Feng,Haoran Song,Guijing Li,Xiaofei Wang
In this work, a nanocrystalline/amorphous graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) nano-interlayer was formed in-situ between AlN substrate and Ag film through ultrasonic spraying combined with subsequent heat treatments . The interface mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of the novel AlN/Ag structures with different thicknesses of g-C 3 N 4 nano-layers were investigated using experimental and numerical simulation methods. Following four-point bending test, the debonded surfaces of Ag film and AlN were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results demonstrated that the in-situ-formed g-C 3 N 4 nano-interlayer significantly improved the mechanical properties of the AlN/Ag interface due to the mechanical interlocking effect combined with the strong interfacial bonding strength . The g-C 3 N 4 nano-interlayer effectively relieved stress concentration near the Ag film and delayed the interfacial damage in the AlN/Ag structure, leading to significant improvement in interfacial fracture toughness . The thickness of g-C 3 N 4 nano-layers played a critical role in determining the mechanical performance of the AlN/Ag structure. Specifically, the structure with 90 nm thick g-C 3 N 4 interlayer exhibited the highest critical fracture energy G IC and maximum interfacial peeling stress σ max , with increases of 442 % and 132 %, respectively, compared with that without g-C 3 N 4 .
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Yanzhen Lou,Xinxiang Chai,Minglin Ji,Yanfang Sun,Foziljon M. Turakulov,Khaydar E. Yunusov,Guohua Jiang
In this study, a dual-network, dynamically cross-linked composite hydrogel was developed for wound closure and healing. The combined action of dopamine iron coordination reaction and Schiff base linkage between dopamine-modified oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA) and polyacrylamide (PAM) was employed to form a dual-network, dynamically cross-linked structure in hydrogel. Then viscid germander herb (Vgb) extracted from total saponins was incorporated into the composite hydrogel to fabricate hydrogel wound dressing. The resultant hydrogel wound dressing demonstrated good biocompatibility in accelerating cell proliferation and migration. In vivo results demonstrated that compared with commercial dressings, the resultant hydrogel wound dressing facilitated wound healing on an infected full-thickness skin defect model by upregulating the gene expression of growth factors such as CD-31 and downregulating that of inflammatory factor IL-6. The transcriptomic results revealed that the biological mechanism by which Vgb regulated NF-κB and the innate immune system signaling pathways in the wound closure and healing processes.
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