Advanced Science
·
2025
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IF 14.1
Kang Liu,Yuying Zhang,Mengmeng Wang,Xiaohong Zhu,Roya Maboudian,Daniel C.W. Tsang
Impurities are pivotal in determining the quality of the critical metal products derived from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), but there is a lack of understanding of their potential impacts. The mechanisms by which Aluminium (Al) impurities permeate the active crystals of spent ternary nickel─cobalt─manganese oxide (NCM) cathode materials and interact with critical metal sites are elucidated. During frictional contact, the substitution of transition metals by Al impurities disrupts the bonding between critical metals and oxygen, leading to the formation of more stable Al─O covalent bonds. Al can preferentially substitute for Co, altering the local coordination and electronic structure of transition metals. Owing to the strong interaction of Al─O, the Fermi level shifts downward, thus increasing the stabilization of lattice oxygen in the NCM cathode materials and consequently delaying the dissolution of NCM cathode materials. In different extraction environments, the invasion of Al retards the release of lattice oxygen and inhibits the dissolution of NCM in formic acid but enhances those in ammonia solution and shows mixed results in deep eutectic solvents. These crucial findings will help to elucidate the mechanisms of Al impurities in the recycling industry chain of retired LIBs, thereby enhancing the recovery of high-quality critical metal products.
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Kai Su,Xuekun Tian,Xinmei Hou,Zhenyi Zhao,Xusheng Liu,Deze Ouyang,Huiyu Yuan,Xinhong Liu
Ti 3 AlC 2 powder was prepared via an efficient solid-liquid reaction in flowing argon using coconut shell charcoal as novel carbon source, and phase evolution, microstructure and oxidation behavior of Ti 3 AlC 2 powder were investigated. The results show that coconut shell charcoal is dominated by amorphous carbon after carbonization with some turbostratic graphite-like structure, and large specific surface area of coconut shell charcoal gives its excellent reactivity. Ti 3 AlC 2 powder prepared at 1400 °C for 1.5 h exhibits good crystallinity and typical nanolayered structure. Ti 3 AlC 2 powder remains thermally stable in air below 552 °C, while oxidizing occurs rapidly between 900 and 1100 °C. The isothermal oxidation curves show a parabolic-like, indicating that the oxidation process is primarily controlled by a diffusion mechanism. The good oxidation resistance of Ti 3 AlC 2 powder is attributed to the oxidized products of TiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 grains formed a connected and dense protective layer on the particle surface at elevated temperatures.
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COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Xueqin Liao,Jianzhong Liu,Zexu Li,Mengxia Sun
Aluminum (Al) particles are widely used in propellants, thermite and pyrotechnics. However, commonly used micro Al has drawbacks such as agglomeration, high ignition temperature and slow burning rate, making its energy potential not fully exploited in applications. Therefore, exploring pathways to enhance the combustion of Al particles has become the focus at present. Herein, L -malic acid (LMA) was used to corrode the surface of Al particles to obtain a sample (named LMAl) with an average specific surface area of 11.456 m 2 /g (corresponding to Al particles with a diameter of 194 nm). The particle size distribution of LMAl did not change significantly compared to pristine Al. The XPS results showed that a small amount of LMA and corrosion products remained on the surface of the LMAl particles. Thermal analysis tests showed that the thermal oxidation rate and efficiency of LMAl was dramatically higher than that of pristine Al. Compared with the pristine Al, the combustion characterization parameters of LMAl such as combustion intensity, ignition delay time, maximum combustion temperature, mass burning rate and combustion efficiency were all improved. This trend was maintained after blending the ammonium perchlorate (AP). The condensed combustion products (CCPs) of Al revealed a large number of agglomerates and unburned Al particles. While many broken particles and tentacle-like structures were found in the CCPs of LMAl. Overall, compared to Al, the combustion of LMAl is significantly enhanced. The thermal reaction and combustion behaviors of the two are quite different. This study provides new insights into improving the ignition and combustion of Al.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Yanan Sun,Yuqi Zhu,Shengjiang Zhang,Suhang Chen,Fengqi Zhao,Kangzhen Xu
Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) typically requires high temperatures and activation energy, but the introduction of combustion catalysts will improve its thermal decomposition performance. Therefore, it is crucial to rationally design combustion catalysts for enhancing the thermal decomposition performance of AP. Herein, 3D NiO nanoflowers@2D graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) nanosheets (NiO@x%CN, x = 1, 3, 5, 7, 9) composite catalysts were constructed by solvothermal and calcination methods, and characterized by a series of analyses. NiO@5%CN displayed the best ability to catalyze the thermal decomposition of AP, which reduced the high decomposition temperature of AP by 113.8 °C and the activation energy by 21.67 kJ mol −1 . The combustion rate of NiO@5%CN-CSP has increased by 118 % compared to that of composite solid propellants. This work provides a new insight for the design of NiO-based high-efficiency combustion catalysts.
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Yonghui Yang,Hengwei Yan,Pengchen Yang,Zhanwei Liu,Guang Yang
The segregation of aluminum-silicon alloys directly impacts the mechanical and chemical properties of the alloys, Therefore, homogenization of alloys is of great significance for alloys. This study initially investigated the electrochemical behavior of aluminum (III) and silicon (IV) during the preparation of aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloys in NaF-AlF 3 -Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 molten salts through cyclic voltammetry and steady-state polarization. The results revealed that Al 2 O 3 underwent one-step reduction to Al, whereas SiO 2 underwent a two-step reduction process to Si. In addition, electrolysis experiments were carried out in a NaF-AlF 3 -Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -5wt%CaF 2 -1wt%MgF 2 -2wt%LiF molten salt system with molecular ratio of 2.4. These experiments involved variations in current density, electrolysis time, Al 2 O 3 and SiO 2 additions. It is worth noting that under the conditions of current density of 0.7 A/cm 2 , electrolysis time of 2 h, and silica addition of 2 %, the reduction rate of silicon reached a maximum value of 72.57 %, at which time the silicon in the aluminum-silicon alloys showed a dendritic structure, which was uniformly distributed throughout the entire alloy, and the segregation of the alloy was effectively avoided.
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Materials Today Chemistry
·
2025
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IF 6.7
Haozhe Li,Xiandie Zhang,Heng Xu,Xuxu Cui,Zhijie Fan,Zhen Liu,Xiaode Guo
The pursuit of high combustion performance and good mechanical properties is an urgent need for the development of composite solid propellants. Ammonium perchlorate/cobalt alginate/ZIF-67 (AP/Co-A/ZIF) composites were successfully synthesized by droplet and solution assembly method. The layered porous structure of Co-A increases the reaction site between AP and ZIF-67 so that is oxidized to produce Co 3 O 4 earlier, and further accelerate the heat release of the system. carbonized porous framework formed by the decomposition of Co-A has kind electrical and thermal conductivity, and makes Co 3 O 4 produced by the decomposition of ZIF-67 and Co-A well dispersed on the framework, achieving efficient charge transfer. The synergistic catalysis of Co-A/ZIF makes the low and high temperature decomposition stages of AP combine, which the high temperature decomposition temperature greatly reduced with a higher heat release. After being applied to AP-based propellants, the organic porous structure of Co-A shortens the heat transfer distance and plays an obvious combustion-supporting effect, while ZIF-67 accelerates the energy release rate to burn more violently, so that considerably improves the ignition capacity and combustion rate of the propellant. In addition, the reaction of Co-A and TDI effectively strengthens the interface interaction between AP and binder matrix, alleviates the dewetting phenomenon, and enormously improves the mechanical properties of the propellant. As an efficient composite nonmetallic combustion catalyst, Co-A/ZIF not only exhibits strong synergistic catalytic ability for propellant combustion, but also effectively improves the mechanical properties of the propellant. It provides a development direction for building a new catalyst to enhance the comprehensive performance of AP-based solid propellant.
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2024
·Vol. 36
·期 39
·2404772
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IF 27.4
Ning Sun,Zhichuan Zheng,Zhuangzhuang Lai,Junjie Wang,Peng Du,Tianping Ying,Haifeng Wang,Jianchun Xu,Runze Yu,Zhiwei Hu,Chih-Wen Pao,Wei-Hsiang Huang,Ke Bi,Ming Lei,Kai Huang
While high-entropy alloys, high-entropy oxides, and high-entropy hydroxides, are advanced as a novel frontier in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution, their inherent activity deficiency poses a major challenge. To achieve the unlimited goal to tailor the structure–activity relationship in multicomponent systems, entropy-driven composition engineering presents substantial potential, by fabricating high-entropy anion-regulated transition metal compounds as sophisticated oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalysts. Herein, a versatile 2D high-entropy metal phosphorus trisulfide is developed as a promising and adjustable platform. Leveraging the multiple electron couplings and d–p orbital hybridizations induced by the cocktail effect, the exceptional oxygen evolution catalytic activity is disclosed upon van der Waals material (MnFeCoNiZn)PS 3 , exhibiting an impressively low overpotential of 240 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm −2 , a minimal Tafel slope of 32 mV dec −1 , and negligible degradation under varying current densities for over 96 h. Density functional theory calculations further offer insights into the correlation between orbital hybridization and catalytic performance within high-entropy systems, underscoring the contribution of active phosphorus centers on the substrate to performance enhancements. Moreover, by achieving electron redistribution to optimize the electron coordination environment, this work presents an effective strategy for advanced catalysts in energy-related applications.
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2024
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IF 5.3
Yajie Chen,Wenchao Zhang,Jianyong Xu,Qi Liu,Wei Shi,Wang Tang
The development of nanoenergetic materials with adjustable reaction performance is the key to achieving controllable ignition and propulsion. It has become one of the research hotspots of scientists in the field of energetic materials. Due to its excellent combustion performance and good film-forming properties, the Al/PVDF energetic system with controllable reactivity has a wide application potential for ignition and propulsion. In this work, an Al@PTA/PVDF nanoenergetic film with tunable performance was successfully prepared by in situ coating a polytannic acid (PTA) interface on the surface of Al nanoparticles (nAl) and a composite assembly with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). The differential scanning calorimetry results show that the main exothermic peak of the Al@PTA/PVDF film is 7.0 °C higher than that of the pure Al/PVDF nanoenergetic film when the coating thickness of the PTA interface is adjusted, and the PTA interlayer can also change the reaction mode of nAl and PVDF to a multiband exothermic. In addition, with the thickening of the PTA interface, the activation energy of the Al@PTA/PVDF film increases from 270.2 to 316.1 kJ/mol, and its average burning rate gradually decreases to 152.68 mm/s. These results indicate that the PTA interface can better control the combustion reaction of Al/PVDF, which will promote its application in the field of controllable combustion and controllable propulsion. It is concluded that the degree of contact and the diffusion length of mass transfer between the reaction components can be changed by introducing an intermediate nanolayer between the fuel and the oxidant, which allows the combustion performance of various composite energetic materials to be adjusted.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2024
·
IF 10.7
Xiangyu Ding,Qingbo Zhou,Ziye Wang,Lei Liu,Yusong Wang,Tinglu Song,Feng Wu,Hongcai Gao
Among the potential cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), sodium manganese hexacyanoferrate (NaMHCF) has attracted great interest because of its open 3D framework, cost-effectiveness, and high voltage properties. However, NaMHCF synthesized by the conventional coprecipitation method has the disadvantages of high crystal water and high defects. Herein, through an effective regulation strategy, the strong chelation between organic complex manganese salt and Na4Fe(CN)6 can greatly slow down the nucleation rate of the coprecipitation reaction and prepare low defect, low water content, high crystallization cubic phase NaMHCF. In situ XRD analysis shows that the cubic phase NaMHCF has no phase transformation during repeated charge and discharge, which greatly reduced the deterioration of the cathode caused by Jahn–Teller (J–T) distortion of Mn3+. Moreover, ex situ XPS and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) verified that the cubic phase NaMHCF crystal structure has low water content and lattice defects, and shows superior cycle stability with a capacity retention rate of about 90% at 350 mA g−1 over 300 cycles and impressive rate performance, and can still work normally even in low temperature environments (−20 °C). This work has great potential in the research of high-performance cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2017
·
IF 3.133
Danqi He,Wenyu Zhao,Xin Mu,Hongyu Zhou,Ping Wei,Wanting Zhu,Xiaolei Nie,Xianli Su,Huijun Liu,Jiaqing He,Qingjie Zhang
How to optimize the thermoelectric performance of heavy-fermion systems remains a key challenge due to the extremely high thermal conductivity rooted in the extraordinarily high electrical conductivity . Here we report a new approach to simultaneously optimize the electron and phonon transport properties of heavy-fermion YbAl 3 by fabricating the multi-scale microstructures spanning from the atomic to nanometer to mesoscopic scales. We discover theoretically and experimentally that in YbAl 3 the nanostructures with less than 30 nm in size and atomic-scale dislocations and Yb vacancies can simultaneously scatter electron and phonon and thus significantly decrease the electrical conductivity and electronic thermal conductivity, while other hierarchical microstructures from the nanometer to mesoscopic scales can effectively scatter phonons and remarkably decrease the lattice thermal conductivity. The highest thermoelectric figure of merit ZT reaches 0.4 at 300 K and increased by 74%, which is a new record for un-doped YbAl 3 . Our work demonstrates that the electron and phonon transport properties of heavy-fermion system can be simultaneously enhanced by the multi-scale microstructures.
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JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2017
·
IF 6.395
Yapeng Tian,Chenhui Yang,Wenxiu Que,Yucheng He,Xiaobin Liu,Yangyang Luo,Xingtian Yin,Ling Bing Kong
Supercapacitor , as an important energy storage device, is a critical component for next generation electric power system , due to its high power density and long cycle life. In this study, a novel electrode material with quasi-core-shell structure, consisting of negatively charged few layer Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets (FL-Ti 3 C 2 ) and positively charged polyethyleneimine as building blocks, has been prepared by using an electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly method, with highly conductive Ni foam to be used as the skeleton. The unique quasi-core-shell structured ultrathin Ti 3 C 2 nanosheets provide an excellent electron channel , ion transport channel and large effective contact area, thus leading to a great improvement in electrochemical performance of the material. The specific capacitance of the binder-free FL-Ti 3 C 2 @Ni foam electrodes reaches 370 F g −1 at the scan rate of 2 mV s −1 and a specific capacitance of 117 F g −1 is obtained even at the scan rate of 1000 mV s −1 in the electrolyte of Li 2 SO 4 , indicating a high rate performance. In addition, this electrode shows a long-term cyclic stability with a loss of only 13.7% after 10,000 circles. Furthermore, quantitative analysis has been conducted to ensure the relationship between the capacitive contribution and the rate performance of the as-fabricated electrode.
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高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Shuaiqian Wang,Baoji Miao,Muhammad Shahid Nadeem,Huaizhi He,Yao Zhao,Muhammad Yasir,Qiuling Chen,Guoqin Liu,Jinbo Bai
This study successfully prepared a novel high-entropy MAX phase (Ti 1/4 V 1/4 Zr 1/4 Nb 1/4 ) 2 AlC and conducted a comprehensive investigation of its microwave absorption performance. The material was synthesized using a pressure less sintering method, and by optimizing the selection of raw materials and synthesis processes, high purity, and excellent microwave absorption performance were achieved. The composition, structure, morphology, and electromagnetic parameters of the material were analyzed in detail using characterization methods such as XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, XPS, and vector network analyzer (VNA). Experimental results exhibit that (Ti 1/4 V 1/4 Zr 1/4 Nb 1/4 ) 2 AlC can achieve a lowest RL of -62.56 dB at a thickness of 2.25 mm with frequency of 13.26 GHz, demonstrating outstanding microwave absorption capabilities. The study also explored the microwave absorption mechanisms of grown material, including conductivity, dipole polarization relaxation processes, internal lattice defects, and magnetic loss. This research not only delivers new approaches and development of effective microwave absorption materials but also lays the foundation for subsequent studies on MXene and more multi-element high-entropy MAX phase materials.
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