Microsystems & Nanoengineering
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2022
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 8.006
Chang Tianrui,Li Hu,Zhang Nianrong,Jiang Xinran,Yu Xinge,Yang Qingde,Jin Zhiyuan,Meng Hua,Chang Lingqian
This article reports a highly integrated watch for noninvasive continual blood glucose monitoring. The watch employs a Nafion-coated flexible electrochemical sensor patch fixed on the watchband to obtain interstitial fluid (ISF) transdermally at the wrist. This reverse iontophoresis-based extraction method eliminates the pain and inconvenience that traditional fingerstick blood tests pose in diabetic patients’ lives, making continual blood glucose monitoring practical and easy. All electronic modules, including a rechargeable power source and other modules for signal processing and wireless transmission, are integrated onto a watch face-sized printed circuit board (PCB), enabling comfortable wearing of this continual glucose monitor. Real-time blood glucose levels are displayed on the LED screen of the watch and can also be checked with the smartphone user interface. With 23 volunteers, the watch demonstrated 84.34% clinical accuracy in the Clarke error grid analysis (zones A + B). In the near future, commercial products could be developed based on this lab-made prototype to provide the public with noninvasive continual glucose monitoring.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 37
·期 5
·1070-1082
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IF 2.909
Wang Bo-Yuan,Li En-Di,Zong Yi-Chao,Wang Xiao-Bo,Yuan Jun,Zhang Fu-Qing
A well-defined structure is greatly helpful to enhance the performance of photocatalysis. Herein, we plan to fabricate multi-shell CeO 2 photocatalyst with hollow structure characters for enhanced photodegradation RhB efficiency. The SEM showed that the samples were the regular micro-spheres with a diameter of 1.5–2 μm, and the TEM image displayed these microspheres having multi-shell hollow structures with core–shell morphology. The RhB was degraded (83%) under visible light irradiation within 150 min. This multi-shell hollow CeO 2 (MSH-CeO 2 ) has a larger surface area and more oxygen vacancies (OVs), the catalytic performance is mainly improved by enhancing the light absorption properties and facilitating the separation efficiency of the electron-holes. This work introduces the effecting of morphology on the performance of the catalyst, which will provide a new idea for the construction of efficient photocatalysts. Graphical abstract
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CELLULOSE
·
2022
·Vol. 29
·期 4
·2497-2511
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IF 6.123
Xu Dezhong,Cheng Yanan,Wu Shuai,Zou Qiuxia,Mondal Ajoy Kanti,Ning Dengwen,Huang Fang
In this work, tunicate cellulose nanocrystals (tCNCs) were extracted from the tunicate by bleaching and acid hydrolysis. They were used as filler in the preparation of sodium alginate-based enteric capsules. The addition of tCNCs with a high aspect ratio (65) rendered the enteric capsule excellent physical properties. Compared with the control sample, when the addition of tCNCs were 10% (wt), the water contact angle of the capsule was enhanced by 46.0%, the opacity was increased by 356.8%, the maximum tensile stress was increased by 142.6%, the modulus of elasticity was increased by 240.3%, and the elongation at break was increased by 133.8%. In the in vitro degradation experiments, the capsule hardly degraded in the gastric environment (pH 1.2), while in the intestinal environment (pH 6.8), the degradation became slower with the increase of tCNC content, which was consistent with the properties of the enteric capsule. This research developed a new direction for the application of tCNCs in the pharmaceutical material productions. Graphical abstract
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Drug Delivery and Translational Research
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 11
·2678-2692
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IF 5.671
Chen Xinru,Li Quandong,Huang Zipeng,Lin Wen,Ma Yan
The limited tissue penetration depth and tumor hypoxic microenvironment have become the two pivotal obstacles that alleviate the antineoplastic efficacy in tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT). In the research, MnO 2 -decorated upconversion nanoparticles (UCSMn) have been designed to generate certain oxygen within the solid tumor, and also increase the light penetrating depth due to the optical conversion ability derived from upconversion nanoparticles. Furthermore, upconversion nanoparticles as the inner core are coated by mesoporous silica for the loading of curcumin as photosensitizer and chemotherapeutics, and then a MnO 2 shell is proceeding to grow via redox method. When reaching the tumor tissue, the MnO 2 nanoshells of UCSMn could be rapidly degraded into manganese ions (Mn 2+ ) owing to the reaction with H 2 O 2 in acidic tumor microenvironment, meanwhile producing oxygen and facilitating curcumin release. Once the tumor is illuminated by 980 nm light, the upconversion nanoparticles can transform the infrared light to visible light of 450 nm and 475.5 nm, which can be efficiently absorbed by curcumin, and then produce singlet oxygen to induce tumor cell apoptosis. Curcumin played a dual role which can not only be acted as a photosensitizer, but also a chemotherapeutic agent to further reinforce the antitumor activity. In short, the intelligent nanostructure has the potential to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings existed in PDT and eventually do work well in the hypoxia tumors. Graphical abstract MnO 2 -decorated upconversion nanoparticle to solve the tissue penetration and tumor hypoxic microenvironment for tumor photodynamic therapy
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TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
·
2022
·Vol. 75
·期 5
·1211-1231
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IF 1.391
Subedi Ayush,Hu Enzhu,Guo Jianhua,Chen Yenjie,Wang Jianping,Hu Kunhong,Hu Xianguo
Rice husk ceramic (RHC) can be used as a reinforcing agent in metal matrix composites (MMC) to improve the tribological properties because of their remarkable mechanical and tribological properties. This research scrutinizes the role of RHC to enhance tribological properties of Ni-MMC (Nickel metal matrix composite). Ni-MMC with additives RHC, Al, Cu, MoS 2 , and graphite in different content were prepared by powder metallurgy method. The wear and friction mechanism of Ni-MMC was investigated using a ball-disk tribometer at room temperature. SEM/EDS and optical microscope were used to examine the wear properties, distribution of reinforcement, and micro structural phases, respectively. Results indicated that the addition of RHC particles can strengthen the anti-wear and friction reduction properties of Ni-MMC. The addition of 3 wt% RHC resulted in the lowest value for the coefficient of friction and wear rate. Further expansion of MoS 2 and graphite along 3 wt% RHC, both the wear rate and coefficient of friction all decrease. At the same time, the value depends on the content of elements like aluminum and copper in MMCs.
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RARE METALS
·
2022
·Vol. 41
·期 6
·1889-1898
·
IF 6.318
Zheng Fei,Li Hao-Tong,Zheng Yan-Zhen,Wang Dan,Yang Ning-Ning,Ding Hai-Yang,Tao Xia
The polyvinyl carbonate (PVC) polymer solid electrolyte can be in-situ generated in the assembled lithium-ion battery (LIBs); however, its rigid characteristic leads to uneven interface contact between electrolyte and electrodes. In this work, trimethyl phosphate (TMP) is introduced into the precursor solution for in-situ generation of flexible PVC solid electrolyte to improve the interfacial contact of electrolyte and electrodes together with ionic conductivity. The PVC-TMP electrolyte exhibits good interface compatibility with the lithium metal anode, and the lithium symmetric battery based on PVC-TMP electrolyte shows no obvious polarization within 1000 h cycle. As a consequence, the initial interfacial resistance of battery greatly decreases from 278 Ω (LiFePO 4 (LFP)/PVC/Li) to 93 Ω (LFP/PVC-TMP/Li) at 50 °C, leading to an improved cycling stability of the LFP/PVC-TMP/Li battery. Such in-situ preparation of solid electrolyte within the battery is demonstrated to be very significant for commercial application. Graphical abstract
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PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 39
·期 6
·1165-1180
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IF 4.58
Chen Yingxian,Zhao Qian,Han Junhua,Lan Xinmiao,Che Jing,Chen Meiwan,Liang Xing-Jie,Ma Xiaowei
Purpose Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection at impaired wound is associated with high risks of developing to persistent bacterial infections since bacterial biofilm is easy to form in MRSA infected wounds. An advanced therapeutic approach to effectively penetrate and eliminate bacterial biofilm and to accelerate cell proliferation and migration at the wound is crucial. Methods The poly(ε-caprolactone)-monomethoxyl poly (ethylene glycol) (PCL-mPEG) micelles loaded with Quercetin and Rifampicin (QRMs) were prepared. Bacterial biofilm proliferation and elimination effect of QRMs were evaluated with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Antibacterial assay was further performed to detect antibacterial activity and mechanism. The cell scratch assay and cellular uptake were performed in HaCaT skin epithelial cells. Results Our results showed that the small sized QRMs could penetrate the interior of MRSA biofilm to disperse and eradicate biofilm. Then, antibiotics are released and accumulated in the acidic biofilm environment. QRMs could kill bacteria through increasing bacterial membrane permeability and altering membrane potential and membrane fluidity. Moreover, QRMs improved intracellular and cytoplasmic delivery efficiency of drugs to epithelial cells, and in the scratch test, presented a stronger ability to promote migration and proliferation of HaCaT cells compared with free drugs. Hemolysis test further proved good biocompatibility of QRMs. Conclusions QRMs could potentially be used as a novel dual-functional nanotherapeutic for anti-bacterial infection by eradicating biofilm and accelerating cells proliferation at MRSA infected wound.
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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology
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2022
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 6.175
Zhou Xiaoge,Mo Zhaoyi,Li Yankun,Huang Liang,Yu Sihai,Ge Lan,Hu Yamei,Shi Shengjie,Zhang Lutong,Wang Liguang,Gao Lei,Yang Gongshe,Chu Guiyan
Background Oleic acid is an abundant free fatty acid present in livestock that are in a negative energy-balance state, and it may have detrimental effects on female reproduction and fertility. Oleic acid induces lipid accumulation in bovine granulosa cells, which leads to a foam cell-like morphology and reduced steroidogenesis. However, why oleic acid increases lipid accumulation but decreases steroidogenesis remains unclear. This study focused on oleic acid’s effects on lipid type and steroidogenesis. Results Oleic acid increased the lipid accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner and mainly increased the triglyceride level and decreased the cholesterol ester level. Oleic acid also led to a decline in estradiol and progesterone production in porcine granulosa cells in vitro. In addition, oleic acid up-regulated the expression of CD36 and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2, but down-regulated the expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, scavenger receptor class B member 1 and acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2, as well as steroidogenesis-related genes, including cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1, cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 and 3 as well as steroidogenic acute regulatory protein at the mRNA and protein levels. An oleic acid-rich diet also enhanced the triglyceride levels and reduced the cholesterol levels in ovarian tissues of female mice, which resulted in lower estradiol levels than in control-fed mice. Compared with the control, decreases in estrus days and the numbers of antral follicles and corpora lutea, as well as an increase in the numbers of the atretic follicles, were found in the oleic acid-fed female mice. Conclusions Oleic acid changed the lipid type stored in lipid droplets of ovarian granulosa cells, and led to a decrease in steroidogenesis. These results improve our understanding of fertility decline in livestock that are in a negative energy-balance state.
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CATALYSIS LETTERS
·
2022
·Vol. 152
·期 12
·3537-3547
·
IF 2.936
Liu Zonghui,Zhang Zhongze,Wen Zhe,Xue Bing
Development of simple and high performance solid catalysts for the utilization of biomass has become an important research topic in heterogeneous catalysis and sustainable chemistry. Herein, a highly efficient catalytic system was studied for the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of furfural to high value furfuryl alcohol over a series of acidic or basic oxides catalysts. Among those oxides, acidic Al 2 O 3 is identified as the most effective for FAL production, giving a FUR conversion as high as 40% (FUR consumption rate was 186 mmol g cat −1 h −1 ) and FAL selectivity of 99% after only 5 min at 150 °C using 2-propanol as the H-donor and solvent. Furthermore, the as prepared Al 2 O 3 give an Ea value of 15.2 kJ/mol, which is much lower than other complex catalysts in the literatures. Correlating the catalyst performance with its physical and chemical properties uncovers that the large specific surface area and high acidity of Al 2 O 3 would be the key to the catalyst performance. Graphical Abstract
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CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN CHINESE UNIVERSITIES
·
2022
·Vol. 38
·期 6
·1435-1445
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IF 2.726
Wang Dan,Liu Jinfang,Yang Shuqi,Ji Xin,Wang Yuliang,Omoniyi Ahmed Olalekan,Zhang Jianfu,Su Zhongmin
Water-based polymer films can be readily deposited onto a wide range of metallic materials as an environmentally friendly coating through the demulsification-induced fast solidification(DIFS) method. However, there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of the demulsification process of the water-based emulsions and their deposition processes. Herein, we demonstrate that the build-up process of the commercial water-based micron-scale waterborne polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane acrylate, and natural rubber polymer films is affected by the collective effect of electric field and ion diffusion exerted by anode-cathode electrode pairs, applied voltage, conduction time, electrode distance, and emulsion species. A structural investigation of as-prepared polymer films allows us to propose two new structure build-up models. During a flat film deposition, isolated islands are formed first and grow on the substrate surface, and eventually, their mutual coalescence forms the final layer. Whereas, for a convex layer formation, the layer is first formed in the middle of the substrate and then grows toward the sides of the convex structure of the substrate. The results presented in this work expand the understanding of the mechanism of the DIFS process and may provide some new insights into structure-oriented multifunctional material design.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 57
·期 9
·5645-5657
·
IF 4.682
Ma Meng,Wang Xinpeng,Liu Kai,Chen Si,Shi Yanqin,He Huiwen,Wang Xu
Preparing poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites with toughness and flame retardancy simultaneously is a challenge that many researchers faced. In this paper, flame-retardant and toughened PLA composites were prepared by reactive blending with in-situ formed polyurethane as the toughening phase and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as the flame retardant. By adding glycerin as a cross-linking agent, the dropping behavior of the composites during combustion is reduced, and the toughness is greatly improved. Compared with the blended composites without the cross-linking agent, the tensile strengths of the composites with the cross-linking degree of 10% are increased by 16%, and the impact strength is increased by 11 times. The composites with 5% APP and 10% cross-linking degree had balanced performance, the vertical combustion can reach V-2 level, and the elongation at break is about 200%. The research provides a simple method to fabricate flame retardant and degradable PLA-based composites with simultaneously enhanced mechanical properties. Graphical abstract
Compared with linear polyurethane, the PLA composite material toughened by cross-linked polyurethane not only had a higher elongation at break but also decreased the droplet during the combustion process.
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Scientific Reports
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 1
·1-16
·
IF 4.996
Lu Yi-heng,Chen Zong-lin,Lu Yu-wei
To inhibit the agglomeration of nanotitanium dioxide, a poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) composite film doped with folic acid-modified titanium dioxide was synthesized and characterized using X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The average grain size of the folic acid-modified titanium dioxide was found to decrease by 1.3 nm, indicating that the cohesiveness of the nanoparticles is decreased. The lowest temperature for 1.0% thermal decomposition of PVC was determined to be 230.0 °C. The decomposition rate at the peak temperature is found to be 39.6% lower than that of a control sample. The stability of the PVC is improved due to a lower number of surface chlorine atoms as well intermolecular attraction. A mechanism for folic acid modification of titanium dioxide-doped PVC is proposed. After doping, the ester groups in the plasticizer show a significant decrease in the vibration peak intensities observed at 1264 cm −1 , 1736 cm −1 and 1106 cm −1 . The doped PVC film suppresses the release of CO 2 , and the strongest vibration peak at 1264 cm −1 is found to be 17.2% lower than that for the blank sample, indicating that doping is beneficial for plasticizer recovery.
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