ChemistrySelect
·
2026
·Vol. 11
·期 30
·e74050
·
IF 2.3
Yuqing Jiang,Guowei Liu,Hongxu Jia,Yuyue Zhang,Hongzhe Tian
Due to the potential risks, pesticide residue analysis has attracted widespread attention. In this study, an “off-on” fluorescence sensor for rapid detection of three target insecticide residues has been developed based on the cascade reaction system caused by acetylcholinesterase/choline oxidase dual enzyme. N and S-doped carbon quantum dots (N, S-CQDs) were used as the fluorescent probe. The substrate acetylcholine chloride was hydrolyzed to choline by acetylcholinesterase. Subsequently, choline oxidase oxidized the resulting choline to betaine and H 2 O 2 , and the generated H 2 O 2 quenched the fluorescence of N, S-CQDs. The selected insecticides inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity, and therefore the sensing system's fluorescence was recovered. The linear ranges for indoxacarb, propamocarb, and fenobucarb were 3.0×10 −3 –8.0×10 −2 mg/L, 2.0×10 −3 –5.5×10 −2 mg/L, and 2.2×10 −3 –6.5×10 −2 mg/L, respectively. The corresponding limits of detection ranged from 2×10 −3 to 3×10 −3 mg/L. For spiked concentrations between 5 µg/L and 0.1 mg/L, the average recoveries of the selected insecticides ranged from 99.6% to105%, with relative standard deviations in the range of 1.2% to 4.8%. The proposed method presents the advantages of simple operation without using requiring specialized apparatus, fast speed, low cost, and environmental friendliness. These benefits make it suitable for rapid detection of the selected insecticide residues in real samples. Graphical In the present study, a fluorescence sensor was developed based on enzyme-mediated cascade reaction on N, S-CQDs. N, S-CQDs in the sensor present excellent fluorescence properties. Three target insecticides can be rapidly detected in real samples with easy operation and cost-effectiveness. The selected insecticides can be detected with the LODs from 2.0 ng/mL to 3.0 ng/mL.
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DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Yongzhi Zhao,Gengchen Bai,Wenhe Yu,Jianfang Liu,Baorui Jia,Xuanhui Qu,Mingli Qin
The development of efficient non-precious metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for advancing sustainable energy technologies. Although single-atom Fe–N–C materials hold great promise, they are often limited by metal aggregation issues associated with conventional carbon supports. In this study, we propose a novel catalyst design that stabilizes Fe–N–C single-atom sites on a robust diamond-based matrix to fabricate a highly efficient electrocatalyst. With mild graphitization of the diamond surface to enhance its electrical conductivity during electrocatalytic processes, the Fe species are atomically dispersed and form coordinate covalent bonds with pyridinic N. In alkaline electrolyte, the Fe–N–D catalyst exhibits enhanced ORR activity, outperforming both pristine diamond and carbon black reference samples. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the active Fe–N 4 –C configuration promotes kinetically efficient ORR by optimizing charge transfer and weakening the O O bond. This work integrates conductive sp 2 ‑carbon with a stable sp 3 -diamond core to establish a novel support for anchoring single-atom catalysts, providing a new substrate materials-design paradigm for electrocatalysis. Download: Download high-res image (124KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Wenxuan Xu,Shouzhi Chen,Rui Tian,Tao Yu,Junqiang Wang,Wenjing Wang,Fuzhi Guo,Fei He,Shaopeng Rong
n-Propylamine, a toxic nitrogen-containing volatile organic compound (NVOC), poses health and environmental risks alongside intense odours. Its photothermal catalytic oxidation is effective, but the synergy between photocatalysis and thermocatalysis remains unclear. This study compared five MnO 2 catalysts with different tunnel structures (α, β, γ, δ, τ) for ambient-temperature self-heating photothermal oxidation of n-propylamine. Remarkable crystal phase-dependent catalytic performance was observed, with α-MnO 2 exhibiting superior activity achieving 93.6% CO 2 yield and, notably, 100% N 2 selectivity without detectable NO x emissions. Mechanistic studies reveal a photothermal coupled catalysis mechanism: light-induced excitation weakens Mn–O bonds and activates lattice oxygen, while the photothermal effect simultaneously promotes charge transfer and drives thermocatalytic decomposition. Furthermore, in-situ DRIFTS combined with mass spectrometry and ion chromatography elucidated a bifurcated degradation pathway: C–N bond cleavage yielding propyl radicals (undergoing stepwise oxidation to CO 2 via alcohols, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids) and amino radicals (selectively converted to N 2 via photo-iSCR or NH 3 -SCO mechanisms); concurrently, a dehydrogenation route produces propionitrile as a transient intermediate that eventually feeds into the main oxidation cascade. This work provides fundamental insights into the crystal structure-dependent photothermal catalytic performance and establishes a comprehensive mechanistic framework for n-propylamine oxidation, offering rational guidelines for designing high-performance catalysts for NVOC abatement.
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FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
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2026
·
IF 2.7
Jian-an Wang,Jiahao Shi,Junyu Feng,Qingsong An,Shengshan Bi
High-pressure density data of n -alkanols are essential for the design of biodiesel blended fuels and fuel injection in marine engines. However, reliable experimental data for n -alkanols (C4–C7) under high pressures (up to 200 MPa) remain scarce. In this study, a high-pressure density measurement system based on the variable-volume method was established, achieving a combined expanded uncertainty of 0.27% ( k = 2). The densities of n -alkanols (C4–C7) were measured over the temperature range of 303.15–383.15 K and pressures up to 200 MPa. The measured data were accurately correlated using the Tammann-Tait equation, and the derived thermodynamic properties were obtained. Then, the parameters of the Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) equation of state (EoS) for n -alkanols were optimized using the 2B association scheme. Within the experimental range, the average absolute relative deviation (AARD) between the calculated and experimental densities was <0.1%, demonstrating the applicability of the model for ultra-high-pressure volumetric calculations. This study addresses the gap in high-pressure property data for n -alkanols (C4–C7) and provides a critical experimental and modeling foundation for the development of efficient and clean marine power systems. Download: Download high-res image (351KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Yun Gao,Hao Yao,Xiaoyue Zhang,Hang Zhang,Xihao Lin,Bin Yang,Jinkui Li,Yameng Fan,Sean C Smith,Longhai Zhang,Xin Tan,Chaofeng Zhang,Shulei Chou,Zaiping Guo,Li Li
Fe-based Prussian blue analogs are promising positive electrodes for sodium-ion batteries due to their open framework and high theoretical capacity, yet suffer from structural degradation caused by interstitial water, lattice distortion, and irreversible phase transitions. Here we show a selection principle for alkali metal ion lattice engineering, based on geometric matching, hydration energy, and Fe-N bonding strength, to design high-energy, long-life positive electrodes. We demonstrate that immobilizing Cs + ions at the alkali metal sites enhances the structural and electrochemical stability of iron-based Prussian blue analogs. The introduced Cs + pillars alleviate lattice contraction, suppress framework distortion, enhance Fe-N covalency, and reduce crystal water content. These modifications promote sodium ion diffusion and charge transfer kinetics, especially across phase transition regions. Consequently, the optimized positive electrode delivers a high capacity retention of 81.48% after 1000 cycles at 750 mA g −1 and maintains 77.55% of its capacity at a high specific current of 7500 mA g −1 . It also exhibits good air stability and wide-temperature performance. A proof-of-concept pouch cell demonstrates its practical viability. This work establishes a viable selection principle for alkali-metal-site regulation, advancing the development of long-life, high-energy Prussian blue positive electrodes for large-scale sodium-ion battery applications. Fe-based Prussian blue positive electrodes for sodium-ion batteries often suffer from stability issues. Here, the authors establish an alkali metal-site selection principle involving Cs⁺ ions to enhance structural stability, enabling long-life positive electrodes with performance further validated in a pouch cell.
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PubMed
高影响因子
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
·
2026
·
IF 3.1
Yan Peng,Bo Xiao,Feiyu Wang,Xiaokun Shen,Jinwen Huang,Jinghua Yu,Xingxing Diao
First report on mefuparib's ocular accumulation via melanin binding. • Mefuparib accumulation in ocular pigment membrane via QWBA. • High melanin affinity drives ocular retention of mefuparib. • Mefuparib shows 58-fold higher eye exposure than M8 in LE rats. Mefuparib, a novel poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARP), is primarily utilized for treating various advanced or metastatic malignant tumors. Previous research has indicated that mefuparib-related compounds accumulate notably in the eyes. However, the precise mechanism and components of this accumulation remain unclear. Using quantitative whole-body autoradiography (QWBA), cell uptake and release models, and in vitro melanin binding experiments to explore the accumulation characteristics of mefuparib and its N-dealkylation metabolite M8 in the eye. Results showed the area under the curve (AUC 0-48h ) of mefuparib in Long-Evans (LE) rats was 58.1 times higher than in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, with a longer half-life. Conversely, M8 had a lower (AUC 0-48h ) in LE rats. This indicates the main substance accumulated in the eyes is mefuparib, and the accumulation site is the pigment membrane of LE rats. The uptake of mefuparib by Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) cells was 2.81-4.92 times that of Adult Retinal Pigment Epithelial-19 (ARPE-19) cells, and the release within 24 h was only 30.5%. Its melanin binding parameter B max (451 ± 3.15 nmol/mg) was significantly higher than that of M8 (120 ± 6.43 nmol/mg). In conclusion, the high uptake, low release and strong melanin binding capacity of mefuparib jointly lead to its intraocular accumulation, providing data support for the subsequent optimization of compound structure to reduce ocular accumulation or offering new directions for the development of new ocular treatments. Download: Download high-res image (235KB) Download: Download full-size image
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2026
·
IF 19.7
Linlin Li,Svetlana Mintova,Chunzheng Wang,Xianchao Li,Xianglong Meng,Jinshe Chen,Chao Feng,Hailing Guo
● Highly dispersed Co 2 P anchored onto PEI-stabilized N-rGO layers. ● Gas production rate of 517 mL g −1 h −1 with 100% H 2 selectivity. ● Uniform heterointerface with highly accessible interfacial sites. ● Energy barrier reduction by optimized electronic modulation of interfacial Co δ+ . Heterointerface engineering is an effective strategy for constructing strong metal–support interactions and regulating the electronic structure of metal active centers. In this study, the two-dimensional (2D) architecture of N-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) was employed to construct a uniform and highly accessible heterointerface with Co 2 P nanoparticles, thereby optimizing the electronic structure of Co 2 P for efficient hydrogen production from liquid-phase formic acid (FA). Specifically, polyethyleneimine (PEI) was introduced to stabilize the layered structure of rGO during calcination by intercalating between GO sheets, along with interacting with functional groups on GO via electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Meanwhile, PEI served as a nitrogen source to promote N doping of rGO and increase effective anchoring sites, such as pyridinic N. The resulting Co 2 P@N-rGO (PEI&phen) catalyst simultaneously achieved high Co 2 P dispersion, exposed interfacial sites, and efficient electron transfer, thereby exhibiting excellent FA dehydrogenation activity with a gas generation rate of 517 mL g −1 h −1 and H 2 selectivity of 100%. This activity was significantly higher than that of the PEI-free counterpart, in which the N-rGO structure was severely damaged, and also exceeded the activities reported for some noble-metal catalysts (e.g., Pd/C, Pt/C) and single-atom cobalt catalysts. XPS characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that the abundant Co–N interfacial sites in Co 2 P@N-rGO (PEI&phen) induced interfacial charge redistribution and optimized the electronic structure of Co 2 P species. In situ DRIFTS and DFT calculations confirmed that FA dehydrogenation over this catalyst proceeded through a formate (HCOO*) pathway, while the construction of the Co 2 P/N-rGO heterointerface significantly lowered the energy barrier of the key reaction step, thereby enhancing the catalytic activity. Download: Download high-res image (248KB) Download: Download full-size image
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POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2026
·
IF 8.1
Deyu Liu,Lirui Qiao,Jialei Kang,Ying Lu,Xuanle Lv,Yuhan Zhang,Feng Zhang,Yapeng Wang,Zheng Wang,Dan Meng
A fire safety FPUF was designed by using only 8 wt.% reactive flame retardant. • Resultant FPUF showed excellent smoke suppression, reducing TSP (−79.3%) and smoke density (−83.1%). • 42.7% and 50.7% reductions in pHRR and THR of FPUF-HTMP8 were achieved. • A smoke precursor regulation mechanism was experimentally verified. • The mechanical properties and fire safety for FPUF-HTMP8 were effectively maintained. Flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) is highly flammable and releases lethal toxic smoke during combustion, primarily derived from isocyanate-containing structures. Furthermore, adding flame retardants inevitably leads to migration and failure issues. This study addressed the neglect of smoke-suppression mechanisms by synthesizing a phosphorus-nitrogen reactive flame retardant (HTMP). HTMP chemically incorporates into the polymer network via its multi-reactive sites, actively regulating thermal degradation pathways. Results demonstrated that 8 wt.% HTMP modified FPUF achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 24.1%, passed the HF-1 rating, and exhibited a 53.3% reduction in total heat release (THR). Notably, total smoke production (TSP) and smoke density decreased by 79.3% and 83.1%, respectively. It was demonstrated that HTMP regulated the reaction pathway of isocyanates produced by thermal decomposition of polyurethane through its hydroxyl groups and the amine structures generated by degradation, inducing cross-linking and cyclization reactions, and suppressing the production of smoke precursors from the source, inhibiting toxic volatiles (HCN). In addition, due to terminal hydroxyl groups, HTMP entered the FPUF network, endowing the material with excellent long-term service stability and improved mechanical properties. This research provides new insights for designing fire safety FPUF samples with low smoke release materials from a reaction pathway perspective.
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Polymers
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 19
·2312
·
IF 5.8
Han Yang,Nicolas Gascoin,Liping Jiang,Xiaofeng Zhu,Xiang Huang,Khaled Chetehouna,Ruihua Guo
To overcome the flammability and formaldehyde-emission problems associated with plywood, a novel soy protein-based intumescent flame-retardant adhesive with phosphorus–nitrogen–silicon (P-N-Si) synergism (C@Si@APP) was developed in this study. C@Si@APP was initially prepared by coating silane-modified ammonium polyphosphate with collagen. Subsequently, C@Si@APP was combined with lignin and adenine and incorporated into a soy protein, collagen, and isocyanate (MDI)-based adhesive matrix to fabricate a flame-retardant adhesive for eucalyptus plywood. Cone calorimeter (CONE) analysis demonstrated that the flame-retardant plywood bonded with SPI/C/MDI/C@SiAPP18 achieved the most effective flame-retardant and smoke-suppression performance, and the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke production were reduced by 23.5%, 20.7%, and 43.9%, respectively, and the release rates of CO and CO2were also effectively suppressed. Mechanistic analysis indicated that the enhanced flame retardancy was mainly governed by a condensed-phase mechanism, in which phosphorylation and siloxane crosslinking promoted the formation of a compact and thermally stable char layer that protected the underlying material, whereas a gas-phase contribution involving the dilution of flammable volatiles by non-combustible gases (NH3, H2O, and CO2) and possible radical scavenging by phosphorus-containing species is proposed as a plausible complementary pathway inferred from the TGA-FTIR results and the previous literature.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Xiaojun Zhou,Wenwen Yang,Chunmei Zeng,Hejun Gao,Yunwen Liao,Kunpeng Song
·N-doped Fe 3 O 4 @CNTs with Fe-Nx and oxygen vacancies was fabricated for efficient ORR electrocatalysis. • The catalyst shows onset potential of 0.87 V and superior stability toward oxygen reduction reaction. • Zinc–air battery delivers 173.90 mW·cm −2 power density and stable running for 280 h. • Synergy of oxygen vacancies and Fe-Nx sites boosts ORR activity and structural stability. A composite catalyst consisting of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles coated with nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (Fe 3 O 4 @CNTs) was synthesized via in situ pyrolysis using heme-modified CNTs. Benefiting from the CNT coating and oxygen vacancies, the catalyst exhibits a half-wave potential of 0.88 V for oxygen reduction in alkaline media, with stability surpassing commercial Pt/C. In zinc-air batteries, it achieves a power density of 173.90 mW·cm −2 and maintains stable operation over 280 h. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the CNT coating provides a 3D conductive network, prevents Fe 3 O 4 agglomeration, and modulates the electronic structure of the active-sites via Fe–N interactions. Meanwhile, abundant oxygen vacancies are introduced into Fe 3 O 4 , optimizing O 2 adsorption and reducing reaction barriers. This work offers new insights into the design of iron-based oxide electrocatalysts with high activity and durability for renewable energy applications.
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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Guohua Ma,Yuan Gao,Kaiyue Zhang,Hongyu Zhao,Wenyan Gao,Yufang He,Yuwei Zhao,Minlun Nan
Icaritin was prepared from Epimedium leaves via a green enzymatic-acid route. • Five N-Boc-amino acid esters of icaritin (M1-M5) were synthesized in 75-90% yield. • M1 inhibited α-glucosidase ( IC 50 = 5.5 nM), outperforming acarbose and ICT. • M1 improved glucose uptake and reduced oxidative stress in IR-HepG2 cells. • Molecular docking and MD simulations suggest a structural basis for M1's potency. Type 2 diabetes increasingly calls for multi-target therapies that act along the intestinal-hepatic axis rather than at a single node, yet few chemical strategies have been designed to pursue both nodes from a single natural scaffold. Icaritin (ICT), the principal bioactive metabolite of the Epimedium flavonoid icariin, has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine to relieve metabolic wasting-thirst disturbances resembling diabetes and shows promising hypoglycemic activity. However, its free phenolic hydroxyl groups confer extensive hydrogen bonding with water, a structural feature expected to limit aqueous solubility and membrane permeability. Here, ICT was prepared from Epimedium leaves via a green enzyme-assisted hydrolysis route and converted, in synthetically useful yields (75-90%), into five N-Boc-amino acid ester derivatives (M1-M5) designed to mask its reactive phenolic hydroxyls while adding tunable lipophilic bulk. The N-Boc- l -proline ester M1 was the most potent α-glucosidase inhibitor ( IC 50 = 5.5 ± 0.5 nM), 1.5-fold and 2.0-fold more active than its parent ICT (8.3 ± 0.5 nM) and acarbose (11.0 ± 0.6 nM), and remained intact in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. Docking and 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations provided preliminary structural insights into the possible interaction of M1 with α-glucosidase, with the rigid N-Boc-pyrrolidine group positioned in a hydrophobic cleft near the active site. In palmitate-induced insulin-resistant HepG2 cells, M1 (20 μM) increased glucose consumption by 58.1% over the model group, lowered intracellular ROS to approximately 2.6-fold of control, and reduced lipid accumulation to a level comparable to metformin. These effects were accompanied by downregulation of glucose-6-phosphatase and upregulation of catalase, without significantly altering basal glucose consumption in normal HepG2 cells. Together, these findings establish a scalable route to ICT and demonstrate that esterification of its phenolic hydroxyl groups can modify α-glucosidase inhibition and cellular metabolic phenotypes, identifying M1 as a lead compound meriting in vivo validation. Download: Download high-res image (387KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Sun Mengyao,Han Ying,Zhang Yingying,Wang Han,Jiang Haipeng,Wang Fengyou,Fan Lin,Li Xin,Liu Xiaoyan,Wei Maobin,Liu Huilian,Yang Lili
Intrinsic defects limit the further improvement of photovoltaic performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Bridging symmetric molecules have been proved to be a kind of promising additive for passivating defects within perovskites. However, there is currently a lack of systematic understanding of how the geometric configuration of bridging symmetric molecules affects the modulation effect of photovoltaic performance of PSCs. Herein, the S─S bridging symmetric molecules with nitro groups were selected as additives, i.e., bis-(2-nitrophenyl)-disulfid (B2) and bis(4-nitrophenyl) disulfide (B4), which exhibit tilted N-shaped ( N ) and inverted V-shaped (Λ) configurations, respectively. Compared with N -shaped B2 molecules with S─S bridging groups hidden inside the molecular structure, Λ-shaped B4 molecules with exposed S─S bridging groups exhibit excellent defect passivation performance in perovskite films. Both experimental and theoretical results indicate that the exposed S─S bond in B4 molecule acts as a third anchoring point, optimizing the matching degree between the spacing distance of passivating group within molecules and the distance between adjacent lead ions in the perovskite lattice. Such improved geometric compatibility not only helps to improve the crystal quality but also releases the residual stress of perovskite film. Moreover, B4 modification also optimizes the band alignment so that it accelerates the charge transfer process of PSCs. As a result, the B4-based PSCs achieve a maximum power conversion efficiency of 25.43% with improved stability. This study not only lays the experimental and theoretical foundation for the rational design of bridging symmetric molecular additives, but also promotes the application of such molecules in improving the performance of various perovskite-based optoelectronic devices.
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高影响因子
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