FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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2024
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IF 7
Shuojia Liang,Junlei Yu,Meng Zhao,Sha Chen,Xiang Lu,Fayin Ye,Jia Chen,Guohua Zhao,Lin Lei
Selenium bioavailability is critically influenced by gut microbiota, yet the interaction dynamics with selenocompounds remain unexplored. Our study found that L-Selenomethionine (SeMet) and Se-(Methyl)seleno-L-cysteine (MeSeCys) maintained stability during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. In contrast, Selenite and L-Selenocystine (SeCys 2 ) were degraded by approximately 13% and 35%. Intriguingly, gut microflora transformed MeSeCys, SeCys 2 , and Selenite into SeMet. Moreover, when SeCys 2 and Selenite incubated with gut microbiota, they produced red selenium nanoparticles with diameters ranging between 100 and 400 nm and boosted glutathione peroxidase activity. These changes were positively associated with an increased relative abundance of unclassified_g__Blautia (Family Lachnospiraceae ), Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003 (Family Erysipelatoclostridiaceae ), and uncultured_bacterium_g__Subdoligranulum (Family Ruminococcaceae ). Our findings implied that differential microbial sensitivities to selenocompounds, potentially attributable to their distinct mechanisms governing selenium uptake, storage, utilization, and excretion.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Chunyan Hou,Lianjia Zhao,Muhua Ji,Jingjing Yu,Yan Di,Qian Liu,Zhengmao Zhang,Lijun Sun,Xuebo Liu,Yutang Wang
Phenolics in bound form extensively exist in cereal dietary fiber, especially insoluble fiber, while their release profile in gastrointestinal tract and contribution to the potential positive effects of dietary fiber in modulating gut microbiota still needs to be disclosed. In this work, the composition of bound phenolics (BPs) in triticale insoluble dietary fiber (TIDF) was studied, and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion as well as colonic fermentation were performed to investigate BPs liberation and their role in regulating intestinal flora of TIDF. It turned out that most BPs were unaccessible in digestion but partly released continuously during fermentation. 16 s rRNA sequencing demonstrated that TIDF possessed prebiotic effects by promoting anti-inflammatory while inhibiting proinflammatory bacteria alongside boosting SCFAs production and antioxidative BPs contributed a lot to these effects. Results indicated that TIDF held capabilities to regulate intestinal flora and BPs were important functional components to the health benefits of cereal dietary fiber.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Qing Ge,Chen-long Hou,Xiu-hua Rao,An-qiang Zhang,Guo-ming Xiao,Lu-yao Wang,Kai-ning Jin,Pei-long Sun,Li-Chun Chen
Coix seed polysaccharides had received increasing attention due to their diverse biological activities. In this study, a homogeneous polysaccharide (CSPW) was extracted and purified from coix seed. Furthermore, the saliva-gastrointestinal digestion and fecal fermentation behavior of CSPW were simulated in vitro. The results showed that CSPW was mainly composed of glucose. It cannot be degraded by the simulated salivary and intestinal digestive system, but can be degraded by the simulated gastric digestive system. After fermentation for 24 h, CSPW promoted the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), with acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid being the main metabolites. In addition, CSPW could significantly regulate the composition and microbial diversity of gut microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Limosilicactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Collinsella . Finally, further analysis of functional prediction revealed that amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism were the most important pathways for CSPW to promote health. In summary, our findings suggested that CSPW could potentially be used as a good source of prebiotics because it can be used by gut microbiota to produce SCFAs and regulate the gut microbiota.
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Frontiers in Microbiology
·
2025
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IF 4.5
Qianle Ren,Yuling Li,Mingmei Duan,Jinjun Li,Fangshu Shi,Yun Zhou,Wanjing Hu,Junfu Mao,Xiaoqiong Li
The gut microbiota (GM) is a large and diverse microbial community that plays essential roles in host health. The in vitro fermentation model of the fecal GM serves as a valuable complement to food and health research in both humans and animals. Despite advancements in standardized protocols for culturing human GM, research concerning animals—particularly companion animals—remains limited. This study aims to identify the optimal in vitro fermentation method for cat gut microbiota by comprehensively analyzing fecal microbiota and fermentation characteristics. We evaluated seven culture media previously used to simulate the gut microenvironment in humans, dogs, and cats: anaerobic medium base (AMB), Minimum medium (MM), Pet medium (PM), VI medium (VI), VL medium (VL), Yeast culture medium (JM), and yeast casitone fatty acid agar medium (YCFA). Fresh fecal samples were fermented in these media for 48 h, followed by 16S rRNA sequencing to assess bacterial community composition and targeted metabolite monitoring during fermentation. The results revealed that the substrate composition in the medium differentially impacts bacterial community structure and fermentation characteristics. High levels of carbon and nitrogen sources can substantially increase gas production, particularly CO2, while also significantly enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Additionally, substrates with a high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio promote the production of more SCFAs and biogenic amines, and enrich the Bacteroidaceae family, even when the total substrate amount is lower. Comprehensive analysis of gut microbiota and metabolites reveals that PM medium effectively simulates a nutrient-deficient microenvironment in the cat gut during in vitro fermentation. This simulation maintains bacterial community stability and results in lower metabolite levels. Therefore, using PM medium to culture cat gut microbiota for 48 h, without focusing on specific bacterial genera, represents the most suitable in vitro model. This finding contributes to understanding the optimal conditions for simulate cat gut microbiota and may provide a new approach for investigating the food pharmaceuticals on the cat gut microbiota and related health.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Chunmei Xia,Ruifen Zhang,Xuchao Jia,Lihong Dong,Qin Ma,Dong Zhao,Yuan Kun Lee,Zhida Sun,Fei Huang,Mingwei Zhang
In this study, litchi polysaccharides were obtained from unfermented or fermented pulp by Lactobacillus fermentum (denoted as LP and LPF, respectively). The differences between LP and LPF in the colonic fermentation characteristics and modulatory of gut microbiota growth and metabolism were investigated with an in vitro fecal fermentation model. Results revealed that the strategies of gut bacteria metabolizing LP and LPF were different and LPF with lower molecular weight (Mw) was readily utilized by bacteria. The monosaccharide utilization sequence of each polysaccharide was Ara > Gla > GalA > GlcA ≈ Glu ≈ Man. Moreover, LPF promoted stronger proliferation of Bifidobacterium , Megamonas , Prevotella , and Bacteroides and higher SCFAs production (especially acetic and butyric acids) than LP. Correlation analysis further revealed that Mw could represent an essential structural feature of polysaccharides associated with its microbiota-regulating effect. Overall, Lactobacillus fermentation pre-treatment of litchi pulp promoted the fermentation characteristics and prebiotic activities of its polysaccharide.
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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2024
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IF 11
Fang Fang,Yu-Xin He,Hao-Qiang Wang,Yan-Li Zhang,Ya-dong Zhong,Xiao-Tian Hu,Shao-Ping Nie,Ming-Yong Xie,Jie-Lun Hu
We selected an array of whole grains (WGs), including highland barley, buckwheat, coix seed, foxtail millet, barley, oats, proso millet and sorghum to determine their carbohydrates profile before and after extrusion-expansion, estimated glycemic index (GI) and fermentation characteristics. Our findings reveal that the extrusion processing can significantly influence the structural properties and digestibility of starch. A notable rise in the total dietary fiber (TDF) content was found in foxtail millet, barley and sorghum ( p < 0.05) after extrusion. Digestion results of extruded whole grains (EWGs) suggested that coix seeds, oats, and sorghum after extrusion can better manage glycemic index (GI) values due to low starch hydrolysis degree and higher resistant starch (RS) and slowly digestible starch (SDS) content. EWGs with higher TDF content (HE, FE, SE, OE and BE) demonstrated greater SCFA yield, with extruded highland barley exhibiting a superior capacity for generating propionic acid and butyric acid. Extruded barley, buckwheat, oats, and proso millet significantly boosted microbial diversity. All eight EWGs notably curtailed Bilophila growth and fostered beneficial bacteria such as Prevotella , Megamonas , Megasphaera , Bifidobacterium , Parabacteroides and Phascolarctobacterium . This study provides a robust scientific foundation for the application of extrusion technology in functional WGs products.
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Food Bioscience
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Meimei Shan,Xingrui Xu,Chuanqi Chu,He Wang,Chengting Zhang,Shengbao Cai
Fatigue is an intricate physiological phenomenon, causing serious secondary concerns and bioregulation disorders. The objective of this research was to look into the anti-fatigue effect and potential mechanisms of natural ingredients in methanol extract of edible oil from Rhus chinensis Mill. fruits (PMRO). Results showed that a total of 18 fatty acids and 9 anacardic acids were identified by GC-MS and UHPLC-ESI-HCES/MS in PMRO. PMRO significantly increased the weight-bearing swimming time. Further investigations showed that PMRO significantly improved physiological indexes related to fatigue and regulated the oxidative stress (Keap1/Nrf2) and energy metabolism (AMPK/PGC-1α)-related proteins expression to exert anti-fatigue effects. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicated that a potential role of PMRO in modulating the abundance of gut bacteria and influencing the short-chain fatty acids content, thereby exerting an anti-fatigue effect. Therefore, the natural ingredients in PMRO may hold promise as a dietary supplement capable of delaying body fatigue.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Jun Wang,Nannan Zhang,Ting Xia,Yaning Nie,Xiaodong Zhang,Fanfan Lang,Kai Liang,Tianmeng Li,Min Wang
This study aims to elucidate the structure, physicochemical properties, and potential behavior of vinegar melanoidins (VM) during digestion and intestinal microbial fermentation in vitro . Our findings revealed that VM mainly consisted of carbohydrates. The particle size (166.46 ± 10.06 nm) of VM was significantly larger than that of model melanoidins (MM, 20.69 ± 0.05 nm). VM exhibited stability in vitro digestion process. However, the carbohydrate contents and Mw were reduced. Total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant capacity and SCFAs were significantly increased after colonic fermentation. TPC and TFC were 79.48 ± 9.52 mg GAE/g DW and 0.422 ± 0.024 mg RE/g DW at 48 h. In addition, VM exhibited intestinal modulatory effects on the microbiota by promoting an increase in beneficial bacteria including Firmicutes and Bifidobacterium . Collectively, these results suggest that VM as a potential prebiotic can be applied in the field of functional food.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2024
·
IF 10.7
Fang Ting Gu,Jun Hui Li,Zi Chen Zhao,Yan Yu Zhu,Lin Xi Huang,Jian Yong Wu
This study was to assess the digestion and colonic fermentation of two bioactive polysaccharides, EPS-LM and LBPS, and the subsequent influences on human gut microbiota through simulated gastrointestinal systems. EPS-LM, an exopolysaccharide isolated from mycelial culture of a medicinal fungus Cordyceps sinensis Cs-HK1, was characterized as a heteropolysaccharide consisting of Man(108):Gal(52.7):Glc(29.2) (molar ratio) with an average molecular weight (MW) 5.513 × 10 6 . LBPS was isolated from a well-known medicinal plant ( Lycium barbarum L.) which was also characterized as a heteropolysaccharide (1.236 × 10 5 MW). Both polysaccharides were highly resistant to saliva, gastric and small-intestine digestion with negligible MW reduction and release of reducing sugars but were quickly degraded to lower MW during in vitro human fecal fermentation. They were consumed as a carbon source by the gut bacteria to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). In comparison, the carbohydrate content of EPS-LM was more completely consumed than LBPS and there were also notable differences in consumption of specific monosaccharides and production of specific SCFAs, propionic and butyric acid, and relative abundance of gut bacterial populations between EPS-LM and LBPS group. The results suggest that metabolic outcomes and modulating effects of EPS-LM and LBPS on the gut microbiota are highly dependent on their molecular composition.
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Food Bioscience
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Zhentao Yao,Ge Zhang,Xin Wang,Jinjun Li,Yuting Qi,Yuanrong Jiang,Jie Gu,Liying Zhu,Xianrong Xu,Xiaoqiong Li
Processing techniques have been shown to alter the nutritional composition of rice bran (RB) and wheat bran (WB), influencing their ability to modify microbiota, but a systematic comparison is currently lacking. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of various processing methods, including physical modifications (grinding, extrusion, and steam explosion), enzymolysis (amylase, hemicellulose, and xylanase), and their combinations, on the modification of gut microbiota by RB and WB. Processing methods significantly altered the nutrient components of RB and WB as well as their capacity for gas and SCFAs production during in vitro fermentation. The RB23 (amylase treatment), RB31 (extrusion and hemicellulose treatment), and RB33 (steam explosion and xylanase treatment) samples exhibited the highest production of total SCFAs and butyric acid during in vitro fermentation. Overall, the microbiota responses to brans were conserved within individuals and the processing methods explained 21.6% of the variance. Fermentation of RB23, RB31, and RB33 samples was observed to enhance the richness of gut microbiota, decrease the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and stimulate the growth of Butyricicoccus and Faecallbacterium, while inhibiting the growth of Bilophila , Fusobacterium , and Escherichia-shigella . These findings may provide valuable insights for the processing of RB and WB.
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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 6.6
Wei Qiu,Hailong Ru,Jilei Wang,Jingming Kuang,Yougui Yu,Qing Zheng
This study aims to investigate the influence of the interactions between the major aromatic compounds in Baijiu (esters and acids) on the aroma and taste profile of Baijiu. The electronic nose and electronic tongue were used to assess the effects of adding acids on the aroma and taste of Baijiu. Results indicate that the incorporation of acids remarkably alters the olfactory intensity of Baijiu, with minimal impact on its taste, thereby confirming the profound influence of ester–acid interactions on volatile aroma components. Furthermore, the best-estimated threshold method was utilized to determine the aroma thresholds of four key esters and their corresponding acids. Butyric, hexanoic, and lactic acids exhibit synergistic effects by substantially lowering the aroma thresholds of their respective esters. By contrast, acetic acid exerts a masking effect, thereby elevating the aroma threshold of ethyl acetate. Sensory evaluation corroborated the influence of ester–acid interactions on the overall aroma of Baijiu, which is consistent with the aroma threshold findings. Molecular docking methods were applied to decipher the mechanism underlying ester–acid interactions. Hydrogen bonding emerges as a pivotal interaction mode among aromatic compounds, with the binding energy intimately linked to the extent of synergy or masking effects.
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PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
·
2025
·Vol. 19
·期 1
·e0012769
·
IF 3.4
Wenmin Qi,Fei Shen,Chuyue Wang,Juan Wen,Xi Pan,Zhongying Zhao,Lihua Xiao,Yaoyu Feng,Dongjuan Yuan
Fatty acid and retinol binding proteins (FARs) are lipid-binding protein that may be associated with modulating nematode pathogenicity to their hosts. However, the functional mechanism of FARs remains elusive. We attempt to study the function of a certain FAR that may be important in the development of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis . Nb -FAR-1 was highly expressed throughout developmental stages by RNA-seq data and qPCR analyses, and Nb -FAR-1 was a secretory protein and abundant in the excretory-secretory products. Nb -FAR-1 could bind fatty acids and retinol. Fatty acid pattern of parasitic adults was more similar to rat intestine than to free-living L3s, indicating that N . brasiliensis may be dependent on the host to obtain fatty acids. Lentivirus-mediated RNAi was performed on L3s, resulting in a reduction in the expression of Nb - far-1 gene. Furthermore, these RNAi effects could be maintained in several generations. The offspring L3s in Nb - far-1 RNAi group had a reduction in lipid droplets within the subcuticle and the swelling of the perioral epidermis, accompanied with down-regulated expression of enzymes in amino acid and glycerolipid metabolism and glycometabolism for growth by RNA-seq data. Adults in Nb - far-1 RNAi group had the crumpled epidermis loosely attached to the basal membrane of body surface and the breakage of mouth epidermis, accompanied with a decrease in adult egg-shedding and an appearance of abnormal eggs. In vitro culture of eggs showed decreased efficiency of egg hatchability and larval development in the Nb - far-1 RNAi group. Transcriptomic analysis showed that interference with Nb - far-1 expression induced downregulated expression of major sperm protein and serpin for reproduction, and collagen for epidermis formation in adults, most of which were relatively high expression in adults but low expression in L3s in the WT group. Thus, Nb -FAR-1 may affect the reproduction, growth, and development of N . brasiliensis by regulating the level of lipids.
Fatty acid and retinol-binding protein 1 (FAR-1) is lipid-binding protein that may be associated with modulation of host immune responses and provide insights into nematode pathogenicity to their hosts. However, the role of FAR-1 protein on parasitic nematodes remains unclear. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis was employed to identify the characteristics of Nb - far-1 gene, its expression patterns, ligand binding properties and the functions associated with it. The secretory Nb -FAR-1 protein was found to be highly expressed in N . brasiliensis ESPs and demonstrated affinity for fatty acids and retinol. Interference with Nb - far-1 gene expression resulted in a reduction in the formation of lipid droplets in L3s, a decrease in a rate of adult egg-shedding, egg hatchability, and larval development. Therefore, we proposed that N . brasiliensis Nb -FAR-1 protein may serve as a causative agent in nematode growth, development, and reproduction by regulating the level of lipids.
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