Food Packaging and Shelf Life
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2019
·
IF 3.63
Li-Xian Zhu,Qin-Bao Lin,Jia-Yi Li,Hong-Mei Zhu,Hong-Sheng Ma,Huai-Ning Zhong,Jing-Jing Pan
In this study, potassium permanganate (KMnO 4 ) consumption on some key raw materials of food contact paper was analyzed, the content of lignin and total sugar in water simulant for KMnO4 consumption test was analyzed by GC–MS and UV–vis respectively, and the contribution to KMnO4 consumption of the paper samples from lignin and total sugar was investigated. The results have shown that cassava starch has the highest KMnO 4 consumption value among all the starches analyzed, and the KMnO 4 consumption of lignin was significantly greater than that of starches and glucose. KMnO 4 consumption of 15 different commercial paper samples and 10 different commercial fiber molding products were analyzed. The results indicated that KMnO 4 consumption of 12 commercial paper samples were exceeded the limit of 40 mg/kg set forth in GB 4806.8 national food safety standard for food contact paper and paper article. The contribution to the KMnO 4 consumption value of paper samples and fiber mold products from lignin and total sugar in water simulant was from 42% to 94% in most of the samples, lignin and total sugar were two main sources of KMnO 4 consumption in food contact paper. It is known that lignin and total sugar are nature materials and they are non-hazardous, which is not appropriate to set such control limit in the food safety standard, therefore, the limit of KMnO4 consumption for food contact paper and paperboard in GB4806.8-2016 should be revised.
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2019
·
IF 7.015
Sushuang Li,Jianquan Luo,Xiaofeng Hang,Shiguang Zhao,Yinhua Wan
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as a group of micropollutants with high toxicity, are commonly detected in the environment and difficult to remove. In this work, five commercial polyamide (PA) nanofiltration (NF) membranes were used to treat three PAHs in the synthetic solution or coking wastewater and their removal mechanisms were discussed. By comparing water permeability and PAHs rejections of the NF membranes before and after PAHs adsorption, we found that the PAHs adsorption into the membrane was the dominant rejection mechanism at the initial filtration stage. Due to the limited adsorption capacity and increasing diffusion of PAHs in the membrane, the PAHs rejections would drop rapidly and then reach steady. Size exclusion mechanism was also important to PAHs removal by NF, especially for PAHs with weaker polarity and higher molecular weight. Although the polysulfone intermediate layer could adsorb substantial PAHs resulting in an increase of filtration resistance, the pore blocking and narrowing effects on the PA separation layer were still the main reasons for the permeability loss of NF membranes. However, the glucose rejection did not change obviously after the PAHs adsorption in the membrane. Through analyzing porosity and pore size distribution of the NF membranes before and after PAHs adsorption, we found that for the NF membrane with small pore size and narrow pore size distribution (e.g. NF270), PAHs adsorption produced indiscriminate pore blocking effect, and thus the average pore size and its distribution as well as glucose rejection did not change obviously after fouling formation; while for the NF membrane with large pore size and wide pore size distribution (e.g. NF10), PAHs adsorption occurred more seriously in the larger pores leading to a pore narrowing effect, but the reduced pore size was still too large to affect glucose rejections. The outcomes of this work suggested that the PAHs adsorption in both separation and intermediate layers of NF membranes should be avoided, and the NF membrane with narrow pore size distribution was preferred for PAHs removal.
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JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
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2019
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IF 3.414
Jin-Xiu Liang,Qun-Qun Zhang,Yan-Fei Huang,Han-Qing Pang,Xin-Guang Liu,Wen Gao,Ping Li,Hua Yang
Ethnopharmacological relevance Monascus -fermented rice product (MFRP) has been regarded as a dietary supplement and traditional medicine with circulation-promoting effects in China and other countries for centuries. Aim of the study This study was carried out to profile the chemical components in MFRP, and provide available information for elucidating the potential lipid-lowering compounds other than monacolins. Materials and methods High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF MS) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods were applied to comprehensive analysis of chemical components in MFRP. Potential small molecules were identified by comparing with reference standards, or tentatively characterized by comparing their retention time and high-resolution mass spectral data with previous literature. The lipid-lowering properties of ten major non-monacolin compounds were evaluated in cholesterol-fed zebrafish larvae. And one with optimum lipid-lowering activity was subsequently evaluated in high fat diet-fed C57BL/6 J mice, with the dyslipidemia and ectopic lipid deposition being investigated. Results A total of 99 compounds were characterized in MFRP, including 38 monacolins, 5 decalins , 6 isoflavones , 13 pigments, 8 azaphilonoids, 11 amino acids, 4 nucleosides , 9 lipid acids, 4 phytosterols and glycerol. The preliminary screening showed that ergosterol remarkably reduced cholesterol levels in zebrafish larvae. Moreover, ergosterol delayed body weight gain and decreased circulating total cholesterol, triglyceride , low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in high fat diet-fed mice. Ectopic lipid accumulation was also ameliorated in the liver and heart of obese mice . Conclusion Global analysis of chemical components and screening of lipid-lowering non-monacolin compounds in MFRP have improved our understanding of its therapeutic material basis.
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ELECTROPHORESIS
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2019
·
IF 2.754
Yuan-Yuan Cui,Huan Yao,Cheng-Xiong Yang,Xiu-Ping Yan
Microporous organic networks (MONs) are a new class of porous materials synthesized via Sonogashira coupling reactions between organic building blocks. Here we report an in situ synthesis approach to fabricate MONs coated capillary column for high resolution GC separation of hydrocarbons. The McReynolds constant evaluation reveals the MONs coated capillary is a non-polar column. The MONs coated capillary column shows good resolution for GC separation of diverse important industrial hydrocarbons such as linear and branched alkanes, alkylbenzenes, pinene isomers, ethylbenzene and styrene, cyclohexane and benzene. The MONs coated capillary column gave a high column efficiency of 1542 plates per meter for hexane and good precision for replicate separations of the selected hydrocarbons with the RSDs of 0.2–0.3, 1.5–3.1, and 1.9–3.3% for retention time, peak height and peak area, respectively. The MONs coated capillary also offered better resolution than commercial Inert Cap-1 and Inert Cap-5 capillary columns for hexane and heptane isomers. These results reveal the potential of MONs as novel stationary phases in GC.
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CELLULOSE
·
2019
·Vol. 26
·期 5
·3285-3297
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IF 3.917
Gao Hejun,Du Jia,Liao Yunwen
Abstract A novel biological magnetic adsorbent was successfully constituted with sugarcane bagasse (SCB), polyetherimide (PEI) and Fe 3 O 4 . The physicochemical properties of the adsorbent (Fe 3 O 4 @PEI/SCB) were investigated by SEM, BET, VSM, XRD, TGA, FT-IR, XPS, TEM and UV–Vis. The adsorption capacity was measured using Cr(VI) and orange II as adsorbates. The effects of initial pH, dosage, contact time, and ionic strength on the adsorption capacity were investigated in detail. Fe 3 O 4 @PEI/SCB is a mesoporous material and the mass ratio of Fe 3 O 4 :PEI:SCB is about 5:2:15. Adsorption capacity could reach 182.28 mg/g and 1893.57 mg/g for Cr(VI) and orange II at room temperature, respectively. Fe 3 O 4 @PEI/SCB is a green and economical material, which is very easily regenerated, reused, and separated in the adsorption. The most important factor is the ionic strength and major adsorption interaction was electrostatic in this work. Graphical abstract
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CELLULOSE
·
2019
·Vol. 26
·期 5
·3271-3284
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IF 3.917
Li Wei,Wang Shuangfei,Wang Wei,Qin Chengrong,Wu Min
Abstract Due to energy crisis and environmental pollution, biopolymer-based packaging materials have been extensively investigated. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), due to their good oxygen barrier performance and excellent mechanical as well as film-forming properties, have emerged as interesting packaging materials. However, the problem of the resulting films is the highly hygroscopic character of the cellulose fibers themselves, which would further lead to a decrease of the films’ mechanical and barrier properties. Herein, a facile preparation of hydrophobic CNF films was carried out by the attachment of 10-undecylenoyl chloride onto CNFs followed by vacuum filtration. The modified CNFs became thicker and rougher compared with the pristine CNFs and were easy to disperse in ethanol. The resulting CNF film showed a higher surface roughness and a tensile strength of (47 ± 4) MPa. Additionally, the modified CNF film was hydrophobic, leading to an obvious barrier improvement with the WVP value decreasing by 62.4% in comparison to the pristine CNF film. Since this hydrophobic CNF film is easy to prepare with a good vapor barrier property, it should be promising for packaging applications. Furthermore, the generated CNF film demonstrated good reactivity with thiol groups, which can be applied for further functionalization to enrich their application fields. Graphical abstract
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Journal of Materials Chemistry B
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2019
·Vol. 7
·期 9
·1469-1474
·
IF 5.047
Zhixiang Lu,Yanxiong Liu,Xiaolan Liu,Shuhan Lu,Yuan Li,Shaoxiong Yang,Yu Qin,Liyan Zheng,Hongbin Zhang
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of crystalline porous materials utilized in various potential applications. However, the development of hollow-structured COFs with defined morphology is important for their further applications, which is rare. Herein, COF with unique hollow shuttle morphology was prepared by a Schiff condensation reaction between 4-(4-aldehyde phenyl)ethylene (TPE) and tetra-(4-aminophenyl) porphyrin (TAP). A detailed mechanistic investigation reveals that an initial self-assembly followed by a similar inside–out Ostwald ripening process is responsible for the hollow capsule formation. The hollow microshuttle-shaped capsule COF is used for studying hemoglobin adsorption, which shows an uptake of 550.82 mg g−1 of hemoglobin. These studies could foreshadow new avenues for the development of porous materials with defined morphologies for the adsorption of biomolecules.
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CLAY MINERALS
·
2019
·Vol. 54
·期 3
·293-298
·
IF 1.787
Dong Li,Min Shen,Guofan Sun,Huiran Jin,Peng Cai,Zhihui Wang,Yeling Jin,Jing Chen,Shijie Ding
A Pickering emulsion was prepared via synergistic stabilization of a lipase and palygorskite particles. The optimum conditions for the stabilization of the Pickering emulsion, such as the concentrations of the palygorskite particles and lipase, were explored. The morphology of emulsion droplets was examined using digital optical microscopy and polarizing optical microscopy. The palygorskite–lipase co-stabilized Pickering emulsions were investigated by determination of the adsorption rate, pH and zeta potential of the aqueous dispersion, as well as by determining the contact angle values of the lipase solution on a palygorskite disc that was immersed in toluene. The catalytic performance of the immobilized lipase in the Pickering emulsion was studied via the investigation of its thermal stability, storage stability and reusability. The immobilized lipase showed greater stability than the free lipase. The lipase immobilized by Pickering emulsion retained a high level of activity even after seven periods of recycling.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
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2019
·
IF 6.393
Kang-Nan Wang,Yilin Zhu,Miaomiao Xing,Duxia Cao,Ruifang Guan,Songfang Zhao,Zhiqiang Liu,Zong-Wan Mao
Sulfur dioxide derivatives, i.e. , sulfite (SO 3 2− ) and bisulfite (HSO 3 − ) play important roles in numerous physiologically essential processes of living systems. SO 3 2− and HSO 3 − with abnormal levels have close relation with many diseases including acute symptoms of respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, cancer and neurological disorder. Herein, we presented two new two-photon fluorescence probes based on diethylaminecoumarin skeleton with pyridinum (1-[2-(7-Diethylamino-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-pyridinium; bromide, C-Py ) and imidazole (1-[2-(7-diethylamino-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-2-oxo-ethyl]-3-methyl-3H-imidazol-1-ium; bromide, C-Im ) as terminal group. The probes showed highly sensitive and selective response to sulfite/bisulfite on the basis of intermolecular hydrogen bonding action between methylene and sulfite/bisulfite. The probes have excellent cell permeability, and a series of uptake inhibition experiments suggested that the probes possibly enter cells through an energy-dependent pathway and endocytosis is impossible to be responsible for cell-membrane penetration process. The probes could specifically target mitochondria by two-photon imaging in living cells, and exhibit nearly no mitochondrial membrane potential damage. Moreover, the probes could be successfully applied for two-photon imaging of mitochondial SO 3 2− and HSO 3 − in living cells. Negligible cytotoxicity, high mitochondrion selectivity, good recognition properties to sulfite/bisulfite, good cellular uptake and cell membrane penetration will allow them to find valuable application in biomedical research field for sulfite/bisulfite detection.
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Acta Biomaterialia
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2019
·
IF 6.638
Zigui Wang,Gaizhen Kuang,Zhiqiang Yu,Aimin Li,Dongfang Zhou,Yubin Huang
The synergistic efficacy and clinical application of light-responsive polymeric co-delivery systems are severely restricted by uncontrollable/imprecise drug loading, release, and adverse effects caused by the introduction of additional light-responsive molecules or contrast agents when diagnostic imaging is applied to guide therapy. Here, we report the design of a light-activatable dual prodrug polymer nanoparticle (DPP NP) for precise synergistic chemotherapy guided by drug-mediated computed tomography (DMCT) imaging without the introduction of any additional diagnostic imaging agent. DPP NP enables visible light-triggered prodrug polymer backbone cleavage and bioactive Pt(II) release in cancer cell/tumor site; the light-cleaved polymer fragments are further hydrolyzed to produce demethyl cantharidin (DMC). Notably, the drug loading ratio of Pt(IV) and DMC in DPP NP was fixed at an optimal value to achieve maximum synergistic cancer cell killing, which was kept even after cellular uptake, thereby resulting in enhanced synergistic antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo . Because of the high content of the heavy metal Pt in the polymer chain, the spatial/temporal dynamic biodistribution as well as metabolism of DPP NP in vivo can be monitored by Pt DMCT imaging to guide the light irradiation parameters for optimized light-activatable synergistic chemotherapy. Guided by Pt DMCT imaging, DPP NP was able to achieve an improved light-activatable antitumor efficacy, with 75% tumors fully cured and low toxicity. The light-activatable DDP NP system exhibits tremendous potential as precise theranostic nanomedicine . Statement of Significance The synergistic efficacy and clinical application of light-responsive polymeric co-delivery systems are severely restricted by uncontrollable/imprecise drug loading, delivery, and release, as well as adverse effects caused by the introduction of additional light-responsive molecules or contrast agents when diagnostic imaging is applied to guide therapy. Herein, we report the design of a light-activatable dual prodrug polymer nanoparticle (DPP NP) for precise synergistic chemotherapy guided by drug-mediated computed tomography imaging without the introduction of any additional diagnostic imaging agents. Notably, the drug loading ratio of Pt(II) and DMC in DPP NP was fixed at an optimal value to achieve maximum synergistic cancer cell killing, which was kept even after cellular uptake, thereby resulting in enhanced synergistic antitumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo . The light-activatable DDP NP system exhibits tremendous potential as precise theranostic nanomedicine.
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GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·Vol. 21
·期 9
·2412-2427
·
IF 9.405
Liang Qi,Zhigang Luo,Xuanxuan Lu
In this work, maize starch (MS) was successively modified via an esterification reaction with acetic anhydride (AA) and phthalic anhydride (PTA). Combined with the gelatinization–precipitation process, the formed starch nanoparticles at an AA/PTA ratio of 2 (MS-AP (2)) and 3 (MS-AP (3)) had similar regular spheres but distinct surface characteristics. In order to enhance the activity of lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB) in an organic solvent, we designed an oil-in-water (o/w) and a water-in-oil (w/o) Pickering interfacial catalytic system simultaneously by utilizing MS-AP (2) and MS-AP (3) as robust Pickering emulsion stabilizers. Impressively, during the esterification of 1-butanol and vinyl acetate, the specific activity of CALB in the o/w (0.0843 U μL−1) or w/o (0.0724 U μL−1) Pickering interfacial catalytic system was much higher than that of free enzymes in the monophasic (0.0198 U μL−1) and biphasic (0.0282 U μL−1) system. Moreover, after preliminarily elaborating mass transfer discrepancies between the o/w and w/o Pickering interfacial catalytic systems and calculating their mass transfer resistance, we clarified the effects of the location of these two phases on the catalytic capacity of the Pickering emulsion. Impressively, both Pickering interfacial catalytic systems exhibited high effectiveness in product separation. It was found that the w/o Pickering emulsion enabled the organic product to be facilely isolated through a simple decantation, while the o/w Pickering emulsion achieved similar results after adjusting the system temperature. The bio-based nanomaterials and simple protocol, in conjunction with the stability to simultaneously achieve high catalysis efficiency and excellent recyclability, makes us believe that this starch nanoparticle-based Pickering interfacial catalytic system is a promising system for meeting the requirements of green and sustainable chemistry.
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Royal Society Open Science
·
2019
·Vol. 6
·期 3
·
IF 2.515
Zhanyang Gao,Min Wang,Shiyao Wang,Yi Wang,Ruichao Peng,Ping Yu,Yunbai Luo
A novel and efficient preparation route of insulating gas-heptafluoroisobutyronitrile was developed. The synthetic route involved halogen-exchange fluorination, decomposition of bis-(perfluoroisopropyl) ketone and dehydration reaction. Overall, the desired compound was produced without the use of extremely toxic and expensive substances. Structures of the as-obtained products were determined by 19F NMR, 13C NMR, IR and GC-MS. The effects of several variables on reaction yield including nature of potassium fluoride, the catalyst dosage, temperature, solvent and molar ratio of raw materials were all investigated. The results indicated that the total yield of heptafluoroisobutyronitrile could reach 42% from original materials under optimal conditions and the mechanism of the reaction was proposed.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）