RARE METALS
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2026
·Vol. 45
·期 8
·e70484
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IF 12.1
Ying Li,Guiru Sun,Dandan Wang,Daming Yang,Qi Mi,Xinru Wang,Dongxu Yin,Baoxin Ni,Wei Lu,Ming Feng
en This link goes to a English section zh This link goes to a Chinese section Li–O 2 batteries garner widespread attention owing to their remarkable theoretical specific capacity. Nevertheless, the feasible implementation of the system is hindered by sluggish cathode reaction kinetics and poor anode stability. Herein, the carbon dots (CDs) with -OH, -NH 2 , and -COOH groups are synthesized and employed as electrolyte additives for Li–O 2 batteries. The CDs are well-dispersed in the electrolyte which promotes the formation of Li 2 O 2 through hydrogen bond-mediated dissolution, whereas their high catalytic activity simultaneously facilitates Li 2 O 2 decomposition, thereby enhancing cathode reaction kinetics. Additionally, CDs can suppress dendrite growth on the Li anode and reduce dead Li accumulation by improving the properties of the electrolyte, including ionic conductivity, raising the Li + transference number, ensuring strong electronic insulation, and altering the Li + solvation structure. Therefore, the introduction of CDs enables the Li–O 2 battery to achieve a discharge capacity of 5422.2 mAh g −1 and maintain stable cycling performance of 700 h at 100 mA g −1 . This work underscores the remarkable efficacy of CDs electrolyte additive in enhancing the performance of the Li–O 2 battery, providing a new direction for addressing existing challenges of the battery. 摘要 en This link goes to a English section zh This link goes to a Chinese section 锂氧电池因其超高的理论比容量而备受关注,但受限于正极反应动力学迟缓、锂负极稳定性差等问题,其实际应用仍面临挑战。为此,本研究合成了羟基、氨基与羧基官能团修饰的碳点,并将其用作锂氧气电池电解液添加剂。该碳点在电解液中分散性良好,能够通过氢键作用促进过氧化锂 (Li 2 O 2 ) 的形成; 同时,其自身优异的催化活性可加速 Li 2 O 2 的分解,从而有效提升正极反应动力学。此外,碳点的引入可优化电解液的多个关键性能,包括提高离子电导率、增大锂离子迁移数、保持良好的电子绝缘性,并调控锂离子溶剂化结构,进而抑制锂负极的枝晶生长、减少死锂积累。基于以上作用,引入碳点的锂氧电池在 100 mA g −1 电流密度下,放电比容量达到 5422.2 mAh g −1 ,并实现了长达700小时的稳定循环。本研究证实了功能化碳点作为电解液添加剂对提升锂氧电池性能的显著作用,为解决该体系现存的关键问题提供了新思路。
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 29.1
Da-Shuai Huang,Yi Tang,Pei-Qin Liao,Xiao-Ming Chen
Electrochemical CO 2 reduction must move beyond purified CO 2 to use real-world sources like flue gas or captured CO 2 . But such low-concentration feeds pose two problems: residual O 2 poisons the reaction, triggering competing oxygen reduction reaction, cutting carbon efficiency, and degrading the catalyst, while low CO 2 concentration limits mass transfer and conversion. We solve both with a kinetic molecular sieve: polyethylene glycol-coated bismuth nanoparticles (Bi@PEG). Under simulated flue gas (15% CO 2 , 5% O 2 , 80% N 2 ), Bi@PEG demonstrates record-breaking performance for CO 2 electroreduction to formate, achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 94.1 ± 0.6%, a current density of 0.91 A·cm −2 , and a single-pass CO 2 conversion of 72.5%, and maintains this performance even at 8% O 2 . Mechanism studies show the PEG layer selectively admits CO 2 (small size, quadrupole moment, strong Lewis acid, base interaction with ether oxygens; binding energy −27.4 kJ mol −1 ; diffusion barrier 0.57 eV), resulting in interfacial CO 2 enrichment. In contrast, O 2 transport is significantly impeded due to a higher diffusion barrier (0.83 eV), weak binding affinity (−3.0 kJ mol −1 ), and steric hindrance. By overcoming the dual challenges of low CO 2 concentration and oxygen interference, this work establishes “armored catalysis” as a universal approach for electrochemical CO 2 conversion using realistic, low-concentration, oxygen-containing carbon sources.
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 46
·期 16
·118716
·
IF 6.3
Quan Han,Yuhuan Ji,Yang Liu,Caiyun Wang,Kechun Shen,Yi Zhang,Chao Ma,Hailong Wang,Daoyang Han,Gang Shao
Fabricating high-performance high-entropy ceramics (HECs) with complex geometries remains a challenge. Here, high-entropy fluorite (Ce 0.2 Zr 0.2 Ti 0.2 Sn 0.2 Ca 0.2 )O 2-δ ceramics were fabricated by digital light processing (DLP). The effects of slurry solid loading (76–80 wt%) on sintering behavior, microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal transport were systematically investigated and compared with pressureless sintering. Increasing the solid loading to 80 wt% increased the green-body density, reduced linear shrinkage, and produced ceramics with a bulk density exceeding 5.0 g/cm³ (>88% theoretical density). EDS analyses revealed compositionally homogeneous microstructures without detectable micron-scale elemental segregation within the spatial resolution of the present measurements. DLP-80 HEFO exhibited the highest flexural and compressive strengths among the printed samples while maintaining low thermal conductivity values of 1.7–2.2 W·m⁻¹ ·K⁻¹ from 25 to 1000 °C. This work demonstrates that optimizing slurry solid loading provides an effective strategy for fabricating high-entropy fluorite ceramics with balanced densification, mechanical performance, and thermal-insulation capability.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Wangjie Chu,Shengkai Ke,Kexin Feng,Weizhen Xie,Zecui Sheng,Lu Lin,Xing Tang
Base-regulated ROS strategy enables mild HMF-to-FDCA oxidation. • NaHCO 3 stabilizes ·O 2 − ; NaOH promotes ·O 2 − /·OH synergy. • NaOH system drives O 2 relay: O 2 → ·O 2 − → H 2 O 2 → ·OH for FDCA synthesis. The sustainable conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) via aerobic oxidation is a cornerstone of future biorefinery, yet its practical implementation under mild conditions is constrained by the spin-forbidden activation of triplet O 2 . In this work, we report a base-regulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) strategy that enables efficient HMF oxidation to FDCA at low temperatures (30–60 °C) under ambient oxygen pressure. We find that weak base NaHCO 3 selectively stabilizes ·O 2 − , directing a selective oxidation pathway, whereas strong base NaOH promotes a synergistic ·O 2 − /·OH mechanism that substantially accelerates the overall reaction. Through careful optimization, a 95.8% FDCA yield is obtained under ambient O 2 flow. Kinetic analysis, including reaction order determination and kinetic isotope effect measurements, demonstrates that O 2 activation is the rate-limiting step in the NaOH system, following a relay activation pathway of O 2 → ·O 2 − → H 2 O 2 → ·OH. This work not only elucidates the mechanistic role of bases in regulating ROS during HMF oxidation but also provides a practical and green route for synthesizing FDCA under mild, ambient-pressure conditions, advancing the field of sustainable biomass conversion. This work demonstrates a base-regulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) strategy for the mild oxidation of HMF to FDCA. The weak base NaHCO 3 selectively stabilizes ·O 2 − , directing a selective oxidation pathway, whereas the strong base NaOH promotes synergistic ·O 2 − /·OH participation, substantially accelerating the reaction. Mechanistic studies reveal that O 2 activation follows a relay pathway: O 2 → ·O 2 − → H 2 O 2 → ·OH in the NaOH system. Under ambient oxygen pressure and at 30–60 °C, a 95.8% FDCA yield is achieved, offering a new route for green biomass conversion. Download: Download high-res image (47KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Frontiers in Energy Research
·
2026
·
IF 2.4
Ming Pan,Hao Gao,Xiaotong Zhang,Qingfu Yang
In oil-immersed transformers, cellulose insulating paper deteriorates when exposed to electric field, moisture, and high temperature for a long time, leading to decrease in mechanical strength and insulating performance, which affects the service life and operational reliability. In this paper, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is adopted to generate atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma for the treatment of cellulose insulating paper with Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS)/O2 as the reaction medium. The influences of medium flow rate and treatment time on the comprehensive performance of insulating paper are investigated to obtain optimal treatment effect. The results show that the water resistance, breakdown strength, and mechanical strength of the modified insulating paper are significantly improved. Under optimal conditions, the surface wettability of the insulating paper changes from hydrophilic to hydrophobic (with a water contact angle exceeding 150°), and the water absorption rate is reduced by 57.1%. Meanwhile, the breakdown strength is increased by 41.9%, and the maximum stress is increased by 31.5%. After plasma modification, a 44.8% improvement in the breakdown strength of the oil-impregnated paper is achieved. Combined with the characterization of physicochemical properties such as SEM, EDS, and FTIR, it is found that the low-polarity Si–O–Si and Si–CHx fragments, generated by the plasma, not only form a dense film on the paper surface, but also are deposited inside the bulk. This process reduces surface polarity, fills air gaps, and introduces deep traps, thereby realizing the improvement of the comprehensive performance of the insulating paper.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2026
·
IF 19.7
PengJiang Chao,Sheng Zhang,EnZhou Liu,Bing Wang,XiaoXun Ma,Zhuo Li
Bi/Sb dual-doping forms synergistic site pairs in ZnIn 2 S 4 , switching O 2 to Yeager-type adsorption. • Yeager-type enables direct 2e - ORR, suppresses •O 2 - , and boosts H 2 O 2 selectivity. • Bi/Sb-ZIS achieves 2612.6 μmol·g⁻¹·h⁻¹ H 2 O 2 and 91.8% TC degradation for integrated purification. Photocatalytic oxygen reduction provides a sustainable route for green hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) synthesis, yet its efficiency is often hindered by slow multi‑step electron transfer and competing side reactions. Here, we engineer the surface microenvironment of ZnIn 2 S 4 through Bi/Sb dual doping, creating spatially and electronically complementary “Bi–Sb synergistic site pairs”. These dual sites collectively steer O 2 into a Yeager adsorption configuration and promote direct one‑step 2e - reduction, shifting the dominacnt ORR mechanism from the conventional, radical-prone two-step route to a highly efficient and selective direct pathway. The optimized catalyst achieves a high H 2 O 2 production rate of 2612.6 μmol·g −1 ·h −1 in simulated antibiotic wastewater while simultaneously degrading 91.8% of tetracycline. Mechanistic studies reveal that this pathway switching originates from the synergistic electron transfer at the dual sites, which not only stabilizes the Yeager‑type adsorption conformation but also largely suppresses the formation of •O 2 - intermediates. This work provides an effective bifunctional photocatalyst for integrated “Pollutant Solutions purification–chemical synthesis” systems and establishes a general design principle for controlling multi‑electron reaction pathways through the rational construction of synergistic active sites. Download: Download high-res image (191KB) Download: Download full-size image Bi/Sb-ZIS promotes Yeager-type O 2 adsorption and direct 2e - ORR, delivering exceptional H 2 O 2 yield and pollutant degradation in a dual-functional photocatalytic system.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2026
·
IF 19.7
Wenlu Zhang,Yaning Fu,Zhen Feng,Mengyao Huang,Youcai Lu,Qingchao Liu
Mn doping creates symmetry-broken Co δ+ -O-Ru δ− heterointerfaces. • Polarized Ru and Co sites enable catalytic shunting of ORR and OER. • Reversible metal-oxygen bond adaptation accelerates Li 2 O 2 conversion. • The catalyst delivers an ultralow discharge-charge overpotential of 0.37 V. • Li-O 2 cells reach 34,738 mAh g −1 and cycle stably for 208 cycles. Aprotic Li-O 2 batteries require efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysis, yet ORR and OER impose conflicting demands on oxygen-intermediate adsorption and product desorption. Herein, we construct a symmetry-broken Mn-doped Co 3 O 4 /RuO 2 heterointerface on carbon cloth to couple catalytic shunting with self-adaptive interfacial bonding. Mn incorporation reinforces Co-O-Ru coupling and generates asymmetric Co δ⁺ -O-Ru δ⁻ units, as verified by XPS, XAS, and theoretical calculations. The resulting interfacial polarization spatially divides the oxygen-redox pathway: electron-enriched Ru sites preferentially promote O₂ adsorption/activation for ORR, whereas electron-deficient Co sites facilitate Li₂O₂ decomposition/desorption for OER. Meanwhile, in situ Raman spectroscopy and theoretical bond-length analysis reveal reversible metal-oxygen bond elongation/contraction during discharge/charge, enabling temporal adaptation of interfacial bonding to evolving intermediates. This spatial shunting and temporal self-adaptation synergistically mitigate the adsorption-desorption conflict, improve Li 2 O 2 reversibility, and maintain efficient charge-transfer pathways. Consequently, the Mn-Co 3 O 4 /RuO 2 cathode achieves a low overpotential of 0.37 V, a high discharge capacity of 34,781 mAh g −1 , and stable cycling for 208 cycles. This study provides a shunt-adaptive heterointerface strategy for multistep oxygen electrocatalysis. Download: Download high-res image (275KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2026
·
IF 10.6
Fen Liu,Wei Xiang,Chen Wang,Yongchun Zhao,Tao Zhou,Mingjie Huang,Xiaohui Wu
High-concentration glyphosate (Gly) wastewater presents a formidable remediation challenge due to its recalcitrance and the inherent risk of generating toxic intermediates like aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA). Herein, we report a facile “waste-treats-waste” strategy utilizing a self-accelerated Fe(II)/O 2 system that operates efficiently under neutral pH, effectively circumventing the acidic constraints of traditional Fenton processes. This system achieved a 57% Gly removal efficiency (initial concentration 0.5 g/L) within 60 min, with a kinetic rate constant ( k obs = 0.029 min −1 ) significantly outperforming conventional oxidation technologies. Mechanistic investigations reveal that Gly acts as a suicide ligand, forming an inner-sphere Fe(II)-Gly complex that lowers the Gibbs free energy barrier, thereby rendering O 2 activation thermodynamically favorable. The degradation proceeds via a dual-pathway mechanism, synergizing hydroxyl radical (•OH) attack (∼40%) with a dominant intramolecular ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) process (∼60%). Crucially, density functional theory (DFT) calculations elucidate that Fe(III) coordination induces a regioselective weakening of the C–N bond adjacent to the phosphonate group. This steric and electronic modulation steers the reaction pathway toward the preferential formation of benign glycine, successfully suppressing the generation of highly toxic AMPA. Bioassays using Tetrahymena thermophila confirmed that this glycine-selective pathway optimization significantly mitigates the acute toxicity of the effluent, validating the system as a sustainable and eco-safe solution for herbicide wastewater treatment.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Li Lei,Hua Minghao,Li Jiafeng,Guo Yun,Nie Yingjian,Zhang Boya,Hui Xiaobin,Zhang Luyuan,Zhang Zhiwei,Wang Rutao,Wang Chengxiang,Yin Longwei
Despite progress on noble-metal high-entropy alloy catalysts, noble-metal-free high-entropy alloy catalysts continue to face limitations in activity and stability. Atomic defect engineering holds promise for unlocking catalytic potential, yet efficient strategies for designing defects to simultaneously tailor electronic structures and enhance catalytic active sites in noble-metal-free high-entropy alloys remain challenging. Here, we report a general rule to drive twin formation via precisely tuning lattice strain in metallic nanomaterials. By modeling twin formation energy as a descriptor and employing a gradient-radius hetero-atomic doping strategy, we derive a generalized lattice strain-twin formation energy function that determines critical strain for twinning propensity. Guided by this principle, Ce is incorporated into CuCoNiMnMo nanoparticles, promoting coherent five-fold twinning along {111} planes. Twin boundaries generate high-activity sites by disrupting atomic symmetry and reducing coordination numbers, while modulating band width via altered orbital overlap. Meanwhile, strong Ce-O affinity forms an amorphous CeO x passivation layer on twinned noble-metal-free high-entropy alloy, triggering hetero-interfacial electron transfer. These effects synergistically optimize reaction kinetics. Consequently, the engineered catalyst achieves a 405-cycle lifespan in lithium–oxygen batteries and operates across −20 to 80 °C. Our study brings fundamental insights into defect engineering for electrocatalysis in energy conversion fields.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-14
·
IF 15.7
Wang Peng,Zhao Danyang,Zhang Peng,Hui Xiaobin,Zhang Zhiwei,Wang Rutao,Wang Chengxiang,Ge Xiaoli,Liu Xiaojing,Li Yuguang C.,Yin Longwei
The metallic phase MoS 2 (1T-MoS 2 ) supported metal-nanocatalyst is an appealing material system for accelerating the redox kinetics of non-aqueous Li | |O 2 batteries. However, the drawbacks associated with the surface orbital steric effect and the internal electron coupling results in a detrimental effect for the stability of 1T-MoS 2 , especially for the interface charge transfer. This makes it difficult to incorporate guest metal nanoparticles without compromising the 1 T phase support. To circumvent these issues, here we propose a p-block element (In-O) doping strategy to stabilize the 1 T phase MoS 2 by moderating the surface orbital steric effect and strengthening the internal chemical bonding, and thus for the epitaxial Ru nanocatalyst graft on the stabilized 1T-MoS 2 for Li | |O 2 batteries. The experimental and theoretical analyzes indicate that the In-O-MoS 2 @Ru enhances the O 2 dissociation and facilitates the adsorption of LiO 2 intermediates. This effect promotes the growth of weakly crystalline Li 2 O 2 films during oxygen reduction reaction, which can be more easily decomposed during the oxygen evolution reaction, thereby enhancing the bifunctional-catalytic kinetics. When employed at the positive electrode for non-aqueous Li | |O 2 batteries, In-O-MoS 2 @Ru shows an overpotential of 0.37 V and a cycling life of 284 cycles at 200 mA g −1 with a final discharge specific capacity of 1000 mAh g −1 at 25 °C.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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储能技术
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纳米技术
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催化
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
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2025
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IF 6.7
Lei Zou,Lu Wei,Yubei Liu,Mingjie Huang,Xiangling Zhang,Wenjiao Sang,Shuting Li,Chen Wang,Wei Xiang
The pervasive threat of toxic and stable heavy metal-organic complexes to aquatic ecosystems necessitates efficient decomplexation strategies. In this study, we developed a magnetic field (MF)-enhanced nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) system that activated O 2 for the removal of Cu(II) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from Cu-complexed wastewater (EDTA-Cu, citrate-Cu, tartrate-Cu). The introduction of MF significantly enhanced Cu-complex destruction and Cu 2+ immobilization, while reducing toxicity and improving biodegradability. Mechanistic studies revealed that nZVI would displace Cu from complexes, reducing free Cu 2+ to Cu 0 on its surface. The resultant Cu 0 , in synergy with Fe 2+ , activated O 2 to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cleaved metal-organic bonds and oxidized organic ligands. MF amplified this process by enhancing paramagnetic O 2 accumulation at nZVI/Cu 0 sites, accelerating ROS production via the O 2 ⟶O 2 •− ⟶H 2 O 2 ⟶•OH pathway, thereby boosting Cu-organic decomplexation and COD removal. Catalyst characterization further revealed that MF promoted Cu 0 dispersion on nZVI, preventing cluster formation and optimizing electron utilization for O 2 activation. As demonstrated by our energy-cost efficiency analysis, the MF/nZVI/O 2 process achieved 1.375–1.785 g Cu /kWh for Cu-organic wastewater treatment, significantly outperforming many previously reported processes. This study introduces a novel MF-assisted nZVI system for efficient treatment of Cu-complexes, offering a promising cost-effective and sustainable solution for practical application.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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材料科学
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Scientific Reports
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-14
·
IF 3.9
Liu Liming,Lian Hongxia,Deng Heming,Zhang Weixin
Challenges associated with the cathode material of Lithium–oxygen (Li–O 2 ) battery, particularly the sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction, as well as the accumulation of discharge product Li 2 O 2 , have hindered its further advancement. Here, an in-situ synthesis strategy was adopted to load a bimetallic Ni–Co metal–organic framework (Ni/Co-MOF) onto MXene (Ti 3 C 2 ) layers. Subsequently, a free-standing and flexible Ni/Co-MOF@Ti 3 C 2 hybrid membrane is prepared via a layer-by-layer self-assembly method, specifically designed for efficient ORR and as a cathode for Li–O 2 batteries. The Ni/Co-MOF@Ti 3 C 2 hybrid membrane integrates the high conductivity, unique two-dimensional layered structure, and excellent mechanical properties of Ti 3 C 2 with the bimetallic active sites of Ni/Co-MOF, exhibiting remarkable ORR catalytic activity in an O 2 -saturated 1 M LiTFSI electrolyte. The structural characteristics of the hybrid membrane provide smoother expansion pathways for Li + and O 2 , effectively promoting the deposition and decomposition of Li 2 O 2 . This not only enhances the electrochemical performance of the Li–O 2 battery but also overcomes the inherent limitations of traditional slurry-based cathode preparation methods. Experimental results demonstrate that Li–O 2 batteries utilizing the Ni/Co-MOF@Ti 3 C 2 hybrid membrane as the cathode achieve an ultra-high capacity of 36,125 mAh/g at a current density of 1000 mA/g, while exhibiting excellent cycle stability (271 cycles with a limited capacity of 1000 mAh/g at 1000 mA/g) and outstanding rate performance. The hybrid membrane’s capacity and cycle performance can be further optimized by controlling its thickness. These promising results offer novel insights into the innovative design of air cathodes for metal–air batteries, and the proposed method provides a new route for the manufacture of high-performance battery cathodes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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能源存储与转换
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