INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Guanghua He,Shilin Tian,Yaqian Zhou,Shuna Zhang,Lihong Fan
Traditional multifunctional hydrogels introduce multiple functional groups through multi-step reactions, and the processes are complex. In this paper, the multifunctional hydrogel was prepared by one pot method, and the preparation was facile and aqueous-based. Chitosan-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (CS-DHB) multifunctional hydrogel was prepared with chitosan (CS) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (DHB) as raw materials, and aluminum chloride hexahydrate (AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O) as a crosslinking agent. The internal structure of the hydrogel was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the interconnected pores provided the basis for the swelling property. The method of Schiff base reaction coupling with catechol was simple and convenient, resulting in an adhesion strength of up to 80.2 kPa. The hydrogel could be gelled quickly in situ (within 60 s). It exhibited solid-like behavior (G' > G”) over a frequency range of 0.1–50 Hz, indicating a stable network structure. The degradation ratio exceeded 80% after 17 days. The hydrogel could eliminate stable free radicals (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH), and its antibacterial ratio was 90% and 98% against Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) respectively, showing excellent antioxidant and antibacterial properties. In addition, the hydrogel had good cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 9.1
Ye-Heng Su,Rui Han,Zhen-Liang Xu,Sen Wang,Jian-Xiong Xu,Zi-Qi Sun,Sun-Jie Xu
Ionic covalent organic frameworks (iCOFs) are promising materials for nanofiltration (NF) due to their ordered nanochannels and permanently charged pore surfaces. However, the introduction of ionic groups may affect the crystallization behavior and membrane assembly, which can make the construction of continuous iCOF membranes more demanding. In this work, Chitosan-assisted interfacial diffusion (ID) strategy was developed to fabricate continuous TpPa-SO₃H iCOF membranes on porous nylon substrates. The pre-deposited chitosan establishes a stabilized interfacial environment and facilitates the formation of a continuous selective layer with reduced defects. Structural characterizations confirm that chitosan effectively improves membrane continuity and suppresses interfacial defects. The optimized membrane achieves a high pure water permeance of 223 L·m −2 ·h −1 ·bar −1 with a Congo red (CR) rejection of 98.6% and low salt rejection (<10%), demonstrating excellent dye-salt separation performance.
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CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH
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2026
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IF 3.4
Chunlan Feng,Zhichao Wen,Jinsong Ou,Zhiqin Jin,Jing Li,Xiaofei Yan
Citric acid was used to dissolve and crosslink chitosan, offering a green and environmentally friendly preparation route. • By introducing cellulose nanofibers, a highly stable 3D network scaffold was constructed. • The prepared cellulose nanofiber/sodium alginate/chitosan aerogel balls exhibited excellent structural stability. • The maximum adsorption capacity for the cationic dye methylene blue reached 1371.1 ± 54.8 mg/g. • Adsorption followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models. To develop sustainable materials for textile dye wastewater purification, this study utilized renewable biopolymers to fabricate cellulose nanofiber/sodium alginate (CNF/SA) hydrogel spheres via metal-ion crosslinking. Subsequently, chitosan was dissolved in an environmentally friendly citric acid solution and integrated into the CNF/SA matrix through crosslinking, followed by freeze-drying to obtain cellulose nanofiber/sodium alginate/chitosan (CNF/SA/CTS) aerogel spheres. Comparative characterization and adsorption performance studies revealed that the introduction of chitosan into the CNF/SA system formed a ternary composite material (CNF/SA/CTS) with a denser and more stable three-dimensional network structure, enriched with abundant functional groups, such as amino groups. This material maintained good structural stability and adsorption performance across a wide pH range and after multiple adsorption-desorption cycles. Notably, CNF/SA/CTS exhibited a strong adsorption capacity for various dyes, including methylene blue, crystal violet, methyl orange, and malachite green. The maximum adsorption capacity for cationic dyes reached as high as 1371.1 ± 54.8 mg/g, outperforming the corresponding CNF/SA binary material. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm model, and was determined to be spontaneous and endothermic. This study confirms the significant potential of CNF/SA/CTS aerogel spheres as an ideal green adsorbent, highlighting the promising sustainable application prospects of biomass-based composite materials in wastewater treatment. Download: Download high-res image (506KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Frontiers in Pharmacology
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2026
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IF 5.4
Zhixiang Wu,Yanjuan He,Hao Deng,Yue Tan,Wangzi Gao,Jiaxin Yin,Ziqin Zeng,Jing Sun,Lijuan Zhang,Yue Li,Shentang Li
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), whose prevalence is rising substantially, has become a major global health challenge. In this study, we developed linagliptin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (HCS-LGP NPs) for the treatment of renal fibrosis. The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited a uniform particle size of 178.8 ± 4.4 nm and a zeta potential of −29.9 ± 2.5 mV, along with acid-responsive drug release properties. In vitro , the HCS-LGP NPs showed efficient cellular uptake in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells and significantly inhibited cell proliferation by downregulating the expression of TGF-β1 and Collagen I. In vivo studies demonstrated effective renal accumulation of HCS-LGP NPs in rats with renal fibrosis. Treatment with HCS-LGP NPs significantly reduced serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and the protein levels of TGF-β1 and Collagen I. Notably, the administration of HCS-LGP NPs promoted marked recovery from renal injury and markedly reduced collagen fiber deposition in rats with renal fibrosis. Histopathological analysis confirmed excellent biocompatibility, with no observable damage to the heart, liver, spleen, or lungs. These findings indicate that HCS-LGP NPs hold great potential as a targeted therapy for renal fibrosis, offering enhanced efficacy and a favorable safety profile.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
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2026
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IF 5.2
Xin-Li Jiang,Jing-Yan Liu,Yan-Ping Hu,Xu Lin,Yun-Wu Zheng,De-Fa Hou,Fu-Lin Yang,Long Yang,Can Liu
Natural rubber (NR) is a strategic biomaterial whose latex-based products are widely used in biomedical and hygienic applications. However, the inherent susceptibility of NR to microbial colonization limits its service life and poses safety concerns. To impart intrinsic antibacterial functionality, we designed a cationic-modified chitosan derivative (CS-GTA) by grafting quaternary ammonium groups onto the chitosan backbone via chemical bonding. This molecular tailoring significantly enhanced the solubility of chitosan under alkaline latex conditions. The resulting CS-GTA was introduced as a functional antibacterial filler into natural rubber latex, forming a stable and homogeneous NR/CS-GTA composite system. The modified latex retained favorable processability and curing characteristics. Using Dunlop foaming, casting methods and mechanical ball milling, we fabricated latex foam and thin-film materials, both of which exhibited remarkable inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, demonstrating broad-spectrum antibacterial performance. This study offers a sustainable and effective strategy for developing high-performance antibacterial natural rubber materials, with potential implications for advancing the value-added applications of NR-based products.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Yi Zhao,Lei Liu,Qing Chang,Yijun Xie,Xiaoyong Deng
Under the dual challenges of plastic-driven environmental pollution and global food insecurity, there exists an urgent demand for sustainable packaging solutions capable of extending produce shelf life. Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and chitosan (CS) are promising bio-based materials; however, their susceptibility to performance loss in high-humidity environments and their lack of intrinsic heat-sealing capability limit practical applications. Herein, an asymmetric bilayer CNF/CS film crosslinked with genipin is introduced to effectively address the performance degradation under humid conditions. The film is hydrophobically modified with octanoic acid (OA), achieving an optimal balance of high transparency (visible-light transmittance >80%) and hydrophobicity (contact angle ≈ 110°). The inner layer, comprising thermoplastic starch (TPS) plasticized with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and blended with a thymol/octanoic acid deep eutectic solvent (DES), affords low-temperature processability and heat-seal performance (seal strength = 19.9 N / 15 mm) alongside potent antibacterial and antioxidant activity (inhibition > 98% against E. coli and S. aureus ). In strawberry and blueberry preservation trials, the resulting film completely suppresses mold growth within 5 days, with only 8% weight loss, and exhibits over 85% biodegradation in soil within 30 days. This bilayer design provides a new solution for developing high-performance, eco-friendly food packaging materials.
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POLYMER BULLETIN
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2026
·Vol. 83
·期 11
·626
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IF 4.2
Liu Xiaoqi,Zhang Renyun,Chen Ting,Xiang Luodan,Wang Jing,Lv Guozhi,Liu Yan,Zhang Ting’an
Chitosan modified with polyethylene glycol-200 and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (MCS) was synthesized for the recovery of Sc(III) ions from aqueous solutions. The prepared adsorbents were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, BET, XRD, XRF, and SEM. The effects of solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature on the adsorption performance were systematically investigated. The characterization results confirmed the successful fabrication of MCS, and the PEG-200-assisted pore-forming strategy improved the accessible pore structure and Sc(III) adsorption performance of MCS relative to glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan (GCS). A working pH of 5, an adsorbent dosage of 50 mg, a contact time of 100 min, and a temperature of 30 °C were selected for the subsequent adsorption experiments. The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics of Sc(III) onto MCS were further investigated. The adsorption data were best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, and the Langmuir model predicted a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 55.28 mg·g −1 at 30 °C. The adsorption of Sc(III) was mainly associated with coordination interactions, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding involving the N/O-containing functional groups of MCS. The synergistic combination of PEG-200-assisted pore formation and GA crosslinking helped balance acid stability and pore accessibility, indicating that MCS has potential as an adsorbent for Sc(III) recovery from acidic aqueous media.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2026
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IF 13.2
Wanting Li,Yangkun Cao,Kunpeng Gao,Lili Yin,Kang Lian,Hong Jiang,Yang Hu,Xiangzhao Mao
Chitosanases are attractive biocatalysts for producing bioactive chito-oligosaccharides (COS), but their applications are limited by insufficient catalytic efficiency, poor stability, and challenging recovery. Although many chitosanases can be activated by metal ions, the direct addition of free ions into reaction systems suffers from low efficiency and separation challenges. This study presented a MOF-based strategy to create a Cu-enriched coordination microenvironment, enabling simultaneous immobilization and activation of marine polysaccharide hydrolases. Taking chitosanase OUC-CsnCA as a model, the immobilization on Cu-trimesic acid (Cu-BTC) doubled its activity (413.5 ± 34.7 U/mg) and increased k cat from 361.8 ± 8.0 to 704.4 ± 16.1 min −1 , along with improved thermostability and pH tolerance. MALDI-TOF-MS and HPLC confirmed deeper substrate depolymerization upon immobilization. Kinetic and spectroscopic analyses revealed that Cu 2+ -binding modulated enzyme conformation and promoted enzyme–substrate interactions. Molecular dynamics simulations further indicated that Cu 2+ coordination was associated with adjustments in catalytic cleft geometry (D102–E84) and reinforcement of hydrogen-bond interactions within the substrate-binding pocket. Enhanced activities were further observed for immobilized ι-carrageenase and α-agarase, demonstrating the potential applicability of this strategy to other metal-responsive marine polysaccharide hydrolases.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
·
IF 8.5
Qingqing Liu,Yue Tang,Mingming Xiong,Yunting Yang,Yanting Liu,Zhengping Duan,Wei Luo,Yisha Xie,Yongjun Yuan
Lipase is widely used in the food industry, but its catalytic efficiency is limited by the insufficient enzyme-substrate contact. To address this issue, chitosan-zein complex particles immobilized lipase (CZPs-lipase) and the corresponding Pickering emulsion catalytic system (PEC) were fabricated. The results showed that the incorporation of zein increased the three-phase contact angle of the particles and decreased the particle size, facilitating lipase immobilization. However, the reduced ζ-potential of the particles was unfavorable for the lipase immobilization by electrostatic adsorption. As a compromise, the maximum immobilized lipase activity was obtained at a chitosan:zein mass ratio of 1:2 (CZPs 1:2 -lipase). In addition, the PEC stabilized by CZPs-lipase had a significantly ( P < 0.05) smaller particle size than that stabilized by chitosan-lipase particles. Consequently, after 120 min of reaction, the hydrolysis rate of p-nitrophenol palmitate in the PEC stabilized by CZPs 1:2 -lipase was 1.66 and 3.67 times that of the free lipase emulsion and the free lipase biphasic catalytic system, respectively. Meanwhile, after 180 min of reaction, the hydrolysis rate of corn oil and soybean oil in the PEC reached 75.68 ± 1.85 % and 96.27 ± 2.26 %, respectively, significantly ( P < 0.05) higher than that in the free lipase emulsion. After five cycles, the relative hydrolysis rate remained at approximately 85 %. This efficient and PEC has considerable potential for applications in the food industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物技术
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BIOMACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 5.4
Yinsong Li,Zhuozheng Yu,Yang Wang,Shuhan Xu,Xiangrui Zheng,Yao Zhang
Cellulose-based materials have been widely studied due to their biodegradability and excellent mechanical strength. However, the intrinsic brittleness of cellulose limits its applications. In this study, the bacterial cellulose-chitosan films were prepared by a casting method. The cellulose films with ≤ 30% chitosan exhibited a simultaneous increase in strength and toughness. The slippage of cellulose chains and dense network structure contribute to the improved strength and toughness of the cellulose-chitosan films. Besides, coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the effects of different molecular factors (i.e., chain length, molecular interaction strength, and density) on the mechanical properties of cellulose-chitosan films. These molecular factors exhibited opposite effects on the tensile strength and strain at break. In particular, modifying the density of cellulose-chitosan films could simultaneously improve the strength and toughness significantly without sacrificing the elastic modulus. The findings provide physical insights into the strengthening and toughening effects of the cellulose-chitosan films.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子科学
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纳米复合材料
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生物聚合物
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JOURNAL OF MICROENCAPSULATION
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2025
·
IF 3.2
Ning He,Danqing Wu,Rui Luo,Ziqin Cao,Shuang Shan,Qingsong Fei,Jiabao Wu,Shaoyun Bai
This study was to prepare the esculin-loaded chitosan microspheres for intravitreal injection and explore the feasibility of the treatment of macular degeneration. The microspheres were fabricated using an emulsification crosslinking technique. The drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and mean particle diameter of the optimised esculin-loaded chitosan microspheres were 8.03 ± 1.30%, 93.03 ± 2.16%, and 4.81 ± 1.60 μm, respectively. The thermal stability evaluation at 25 °C demonstrated consistent particle diameter maintenance, with microspheres retaining sizes of 4.73 ± 1.75 μm and 4.89 ± 1.55 μm after 15 and 30 days’ storage periods, respectively. The in vitro release profile demonstrated 80% cumulative drug release from the microspheres over a 72 h period. Subsequent pharmacokinetic analysis revealed significantly enhanced parameters in the vitreous humour following intravitreal administration, with the half-life (t1/2) reaching 879.88 ± 44.00 min and the area under curve (AUC) attaining 150.18 ± 2.28 × 103 mg·min/mL. Intravitreal injection of esculin-loaded chitosan microspheres offers a promising drug delivery system for the treatment of macular degeneration.
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Journal of Renewable Materials
·
2025
·
IF 2.115
Tingqiang Yan,Xiaodong Wang,Yingjie Qiao
Polylactic acid (PLA), a biodegradable polymer, exhibits superior mechanical strength and processability. However, its broader adoption is hindered by inherent brittleness, low hydrophilicity, and sluggish crystallization kinetics. Chitosan (CS), a natural polysaccharide renowned for its biocompatibility and biodegradability, offers potential to address these limitations. While both materials have garnered significant attention in materials science, research on their integration via melt blending and the resulting performance enhancements for food-contact plastics remains understudied. This research comprehensively explores how different levels of CS content, from 0% to 10%, impact the characteristics of chitosan/polylactic acid (CS/PLA) composites. It specifically analyzes the influence of various CS concentrations on the mechanical attributes, crystallization behavior, thermomechanical properties, and rheological performance of these composites. The study concludes that a CS content of 4% in the CS/PLA composite results in the best overall properties. At this point, its elongation at break and impact strength reached their maximum values (16.16% and 20.63 kJ/m²), representing increases of 23.9% and 15.7% compared to pure PLA. At this particular concentration, CS is evenly distributed throughout the PLA matrix, acting as a heterogeneous nucleating agent. It facilitates the crystallization of the composite material and offers effective reinforcement. This study presents a promising approach for developing environmentally friendly and sustainable alternatives to fossil-based plastics, highlighting significant research value and practical application potential.
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