Solar RRL
·
2021
·Vol. 6
·期 1
·2100778
·
IF 8.582
Hongling Guo,Rutao Meng,Long Hu,Chun-Ho Lin,Yali Sun,Yue Liu,Jianyu Wu,Zhan Shen,Dewei Chu,Gang Wang,Li Wu,Guangxing Liang,Shifu Xiong,Fangfang Liu,Yi Zhang,Tom Wu
In spite of the merits such as Earth abundance and high performance, Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) solar cells suffer from unfavorable Sn Zn antisite defects and complexes, which act as nonradiative recombination centers and deteriorate the open-circuit voltage ( V OC ). Therefore, the management of Sn composition is the prerequisite for achieving high-efficiency CZTSSe photovoltaic devices. At present, the Sn-related composition and defect modifications at different selenization pressures remain unclear, which restrain the development of efficient kesterite solar cells. Herein, a facile yet effective strategy to accurately adjust the Sn content in CZTSSe films by simply optimizing the selenization pressure is demonstrated. Compared with the widely used atmospheric pressure, it is unveiled that the appropriate negative pressure (0.7 atm) can tailor the optimal Sn content in the absorber layer, influencing both the Sn-related defects and the microstructures. In contrast, a lower (0.4 atm) and a higher (1.3 atm) selenization pressure results in undesirable deep Cu Sn defects and a Sn(S,Se) 2 secondary phase, respectively. A champion device fabricated at this optimal selenization pressure (0.7 atm) exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 11.32% with a V OC of 0.496 V. This study paves the path toward highly efficient kesterite solar cells by tailoring the composition-dependent defects.
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Electrocatalysis
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·81-90
·
IF 2.713
Yang Yadan,Wei Xuefeng,Miao Juan,Zhang Ruichang,Xu Hang,Liu Junhui,Zhu Shufa
Electrochemical redox is an effective method to degrade halogenated organic pollutants (HOPs). Herein, highly dispersed Pd-polypyrrole (Pd-PPy) catalysts were synthesized by a facile one-step polymerization method. The morphology and phase structure of the catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrochemical redox of 4-fluorophenol (4-FP) was conducted in a single-chamber reactor with Pd-PPy as a moveable catalyst. The effects of the initial solution pH, constant current, and supporting electrolyte on the degradation of 4-FP were investigated. The removal efficiency of 4-FP was 84.6% after 2 h under an initial solution pH of 2.5 and an applied current density of 2.0 mA/cm 2 . The mechanism of 4-FP degradation was inferred, including the defluorination of 4-FP on the cathode and oxidation of 4-FP and phenol on the anode. The degradation of 4-FP in the Pd-PPy-mediated reactor showed lower energy consumption and higher removal efficiency. The degradation efficiency of 4-FP had almost no change after 20 cycles of experiments, which indicates the good durability of the prepared Pd-PPy catalysts. Graphical abstract
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CATALYSIS LETTERS
·
2021
·Vol. 152
·期 4
·954-961
·
IF 3.186
Shi Shengbin,Wu Yuanfeng,Liu Panli,Zhang Mengting,Zhang Zongqi,Gao Lijing,Xiao Guomin
Synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from carbohydrates was achieved over the homogeneous catalyst acid poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PSS). The various reaction conditions like reaction temperature, reaction time, various solvent, solvent volume, and catalyst dosages were explored. The results showed that the PSS catalyst resulted in 86.8% HMF yield from fructose and 48.5% HMF yield from glucose in solvent 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethyl sulfoxide, respectively. The catalyst has reused five cycles without obviously reduced on HMF yield, suggesting that PSS showed high catalytic activity at recycle experiment. Thus, PSS was a potential candidate for homogeneous catalyst acids and can convert carbohydrate compound into HMF conveniently. Graphical Abstract
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2021
·
IF 8.128
Wenlan Jia,Fuping Tian,Mengjie Zhang,Xinyi Li,Sheng Ye,Yanfu Ma,Wangyin Wang,Yifu Zhang,Changgong Meng,Guang Zeng,Jian Liu
Developing low-cost non-precious metals as efficient catalysts for the reduction of toxic 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to useful 4-aminophenol (4-AP) have received increasing attention in recent years. Herein, a novel and efficient Cu-based catalyst Cu/Cu x O@CN (carbon doped with nitrogen) was prepared via a facile method from pyrolysis of bi-ligand MOFs material Cu 2 (BDC) 2 (BPY) (BDC = p-Phthalic acid, BPY = 4,4′-bipyridyl) in Ar atmosphere. Characterization results revealed that N doping in carbon matrix favors the development of mesoporous structure, the formation of more defect sites in carbon matrix, better dispersion of Cu/Cu x O nano particles, and maintenance of Cu species in metallic Cu state (the active site), all of which contribute to a superior catalytic activity for 4-NP reduction with a pseudo-first-order rate constant as high as 0.126 s −1 (the molar ratio of NaBH 4 to 4-NP is 400), nearly 11 times higher than its counterpart Cu/Cu x O@C without N doping (0.011 s −1 ). The activation energy for 4-NP reduction to 4-AP catalyzed by Cu/Cu x O@CN was determined as 55.6 kJ mol −1 (the molar ratio of NaBH 4 to 4-NP is 100). In addition, Cu/Cu x O@CN showed excellent reusability in successive 6 cycles. The facile synthesis and superior catalytic activity make Cu/Cu x O@CN a promising catalyst in industrial applications for many other similar reaction systems.
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高影响因子
CATALYSIS LETTERS
·
2020
·Vol. 151
·期 7
·1902-1910
·
IF 2.482
Yin Danyang,Zhang Jinli,Li Wei,Fu Yan
Abstract Herein Pd nanocatalysts for transfer hydrogenation were synthesized by using hyaluronic acid (HA) as both the reductant and the stabilizer. The effects of molecular weight of HA, molar ratio of [HA]/[Na 2 PdCl 4 ] and reduction temperature, were evaluated in Pd-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol. The most active Pd NPs show the TOF value of 131.07 h −1 at 50 °C with the equimolar mixture of formic acid and sodium formate. Further, uniformly distributed Pd NPs were successfully synthesized through the reduction of Pd (II) precursors on HA-modified magnetic NPs, which were constructed through electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly. The hybrid catalysts also exhibit high activity with the mixed hydrogen source. This work paves a promising way to construct highly active hybrid catalysts through the combination of in-situ reduction and electrostatic layer-by-layer methods. Graphic Abstract
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Materials Research Express
·
2020
·Vol. 7
·期 10
·105304
·
IF 1.929
Yuanji Xiao,Xinqian Yang,Xinjian Cheng,Shuangyu Xiong,Rong Chen
Among nitroaromatic compounds with similar structures, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP) exhibits strong biological toxicity and explosion hazard. Therefore, detection of TNP is of great importance. In this work, two novel fluorescent macromolecular chemosensors P1 and P2 were prepared using boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) as the fluorophore. After the preparation of small BODIPY molecule M1, another small molecule M2 with two aldehyde groups was synthesized by two consecutive Vilsmeier-Haack reactions. Then, M2 reacts with trans-cyclohexane-1,4-diamine and 1,4-phenylenediamine respectively to obtain two macromolecules P1 and P2 via Schiff Base forming reaction. The results suggested that P1 and P2 could recognize TNP only while other aromatic/nitroaromatic compounds cannot cause significant fluorescence intensity response. When TNP exist, these fluorescent macromolecular chemosensors produce significant fluorescence quenching. At the same time, because the electron-rich Schiff base and the electron-deficient TNP have the structural basis of chemical interaction, these two macromolecular sensors also have excellent sensitivity to TNP, and the excellent recognition limit of detection reach as low as 0.017 μM. High sensitivity and selectivity have been applied to test TNP in lake water samples as well.
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CHEMOSPHERE
·
2020
·
IF 5.778
Yue Sun,Weisheng Zheng
Using chloromethylated polystyrene resin, N , N -diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as support, functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively, the molecularly imprinted resin (MIR) and non-imprinted resin (NIR) were fabricated by the combination of atom transfer radical polymerization and surface imprinting technique for the selective adsorption of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HB) from aqueous solutions. The prepared adsorbents were characterized by N 2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The adsorption processes of the 4-HB with MIR and NIR followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, and the adsorption isotherms were appreciably described by the Langmuir model. Furthermore, the adsorption efficiencies of MIR and NIR for different compounds in single and binary solutions proved that MIR exhibited high adsorption capacity and favorable selectivity toward 4-HB over other structurally related organic compounds (i.e., benzoic acid , 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, phenol, and 2-hydroxynaphthalene). In addition, MIR could effectively remove 4-HB from a simulated effluent in a dynamic adsorption experiment. This study illustrates in-depth perspectives on the adsorption mechanisms of 4-HB onto MIR; interactions between the adsorbate and adsorbent were proposed based on the adsorption behaviours and instrumental analyses. The resulting MIR is a promising material for the interference-free adsorbent in the selective adsorption of 4-HB from mixed solutions.
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高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 5.774
Min Lei,Qian Gao,Kemeng Zhou,Parikshit Gogoi,Jing Liu,Jiabao Wang,Hainong Song,Shuangfei Wang,Xinliang Liu
Adsorbable organic halogens (AOX) are used as a parameter to determine the total amount of organic halogens in the environment. 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), as a type of AOX, can persist in the environment for a long time and is not biodegradable. 4-CP has significant carcinogenic and teratogenic effects on humans and animals. In this study, a catalytic system employing phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) was developed for degrading 4-CP. The degradation and the mechanisms of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) as an AOX simulant was investigated. The removal efficiency of 4-CP, the AOX content, and total organic carbon were used to evaluate its molecular structure. The results show that 4-CP was fully converted, 19.81% to other species of AOX and 44.52% to CO 2 and H 2 O. Moreover, the intermediates were detected and analyzed, and the possible pathways of 4-CP degradation were drawn. 4-CP attached to PMA, there by leading to ring-opening or dichlorination, and the generation of some other chemical species, such as phenol , benzoquinone, cyclohexanone, 4-chlorohexa-2,4-dien-1-ol, and 3-chlorohexa-2,4-diene-1,6-diol. These species would then be mineralized under the effects of free radicals. PMA can promote the formation of free radicals and shows exceptional efficiency in the degradation of 4-CP.
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ANALYST
·
2021
·Vol. 146
·期 5
·1543-1547
·
IF 4.616
Qianqian Sun,Shasha Zhang,Weini Huang,Ran Wang,Zihan Chen,Zongwei Cai,Zian Lin
4-Mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) is introduced as a matrix for laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of metals, exhibiting matrix-interference-free background, greatly enhanced MS signal intensity, and excellent reproducibility. The developed method was successfully extended for the rapid screening and sensitive determination of ultratrace metals in fine particulate matter (PM2.5).
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2020
·Vol. 31
·期 5
·3890-3898
·
IF 2.22
Liang Yue,Liu Lizhu,Zhang Wenlong,Weng Ling,Hu Deshuai,Li Chunyu
Polypropylene (PP) is considered to be a potential eco-friendly cable insulation material. However, space charge accumulation in PP under high electric stress limits its application for HVDC cable. In this paper, PP was modified with 4-acetoxystyrene (AOS) by melt grafting to improve electric properties. The molecular structure of the polypropylene-graft-4-acetoxystyrene (PP-g-AOS) was characterized by means of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The effects of temperature, screw speed, time, initiator content and monomer content on grafting degree of PP-g-AOS were investigated. Furthermore, the influence of grafting degree of PP-g-AOS on space charge suppression, volume resistivity and dc breakdown field strength was investigated. The FT-IR result showed that AOS was successfully grafted onto PP. It was found that under the proper grafting conditions, the obtained PP-g-AOS exhibited a maximum grafting degree of 1.31%. Moreover, PP-g-AOS with grafting degree of 1.14% can suppress space charge efficiently, and increase both volume resistivity and dc breakdown strength. This provides a new idea for the study of polypropylene HVDC cable insulation.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2020
·
IF 7.183
Shushan Yuan,Gang Zhang,Junfeng Zheng,Pengrui Jin,Junyong Zhu,Jie Yang,Suilin Liu,Peter Van Puyvelde,Bart Van der Bruggen
Macrocycles have received increasing attention for the design of thin-film composite (TFC) membranes with unprecedented separation performance due to the well-defined intramolecular cavities. Herein, a macrocycle, tetra-C-ethyl resorcin[4]arene (RA), was synthesized as a novel monomer , to prepare entirely RA-based TFC membranes via interfacial polymerization. The cavities of RA macrocycles thereby act as the homogeneous intramolecular pores of the membrane for water transport and salt rejection. However, the intermolecular pores formed by gaps between RA macrocycles are random, resulting in a wide pore size distribution and average nanofiltration performance. Therefore, a very small amount of crosslinked polyamide was introduced in the gaps to tune the intermolecular pores of the membrane by adding trace amounts of piperazine (PIP) in the aqueous solution. As a result, the optimal membrane has a water permeability as high as 42.3 L m -2 h -1 bar -1 with a Na 2 SO 4 rejection of 96.5%, which is much larger than the pristine membrane without incorporating polyamide networks. This facile way of modifying the intermolecular pores gives the membrane an encouraging improvement of the performance in nanofiltration.
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MOLECULES
·
2020
·Vol. 25
·期 9
·2109
·
IF 3.267
Changzhou Chen,Peng Liu,Haihong Xia,Minghao Zhou,Jiaping Zhao,Brajendra K. Sharma,Jianchun Jiang
It is of great importance to explore the selective hydrogenolysis of β-O-4 linkages, which account for 45–60% of all linkages in native lignin, to produce valued-added chemicals and fuels from biomass employing UV light as catalyst. TiO2exhibited satisfactory catalytic performances in various photochemical reactions, due to its versatile advantages involving high catalytic activity, low cost and non-toxicity. In this work, 20 wt.% Ni/TiO2and oxidant PCC (Pyridinium chlorochromate) were employed to promote the cleavage of β-O-4 alcohol to obtain high value chemicals under UV irradiation at room temperature. The Ni/TiO2photocatalyst can be magnetically recovered and efficiently reused in the following four consecutive recycling tests in the cleavage of β-O-4 ether bond in lignin. Mechanism studies suggested that the oxidation of β-O-4 alcohol to β-O-4 ketone by oxidant PCC first occurred during the reaction, and was followed by the photocatalysis of the obtained β-O-4 ketone to corresponding acetophenone and phenol derivates. Furthermore, the system was tested on a variety of lignin model substrates containing β-O-4 linkage for the generation of fragmentation products in good to excellent results.Keywords:lignin;β-O-4;photocatalyst;Ni/TiO2;oxidant PCC
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