Nature Protocols
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2026
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IF 18.4
Wu Yinglong,Zhang Chaobang,Chen Junjie,Zeng Fang,Wu Shuizhu,Zhao Yanli
Light-excited dual-mode imaging that integrates multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) and near-infrared region II fluorescence (NIR-II FL) imaging allows complementary deep-tissue visualization with high anatomical resolution and molecular sensitivity, thereby enhancing the accuracy of biomedical diagnostics. Activatable probes further advance this approach by producing signals upon recognition of disease-related biomarkers, which reduces background interference and improves imaging specificity. BTPE-NO 2 @F127, a benzothiadiazole-based nanoprobe, exhibits selective activation of both optoacoustic and NIR-II FL signals in response to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), a crucial early stage biomarker of liver injury, thus permitting cross-validated detection of hepatic damage in vivo with excellent signal-to-background ratio contrast. Here we present detailed procedures for preparation of the BTPE-NO 2 @F127 nanoprobe and its applications in MSOT/NIR-II FL dual-mode imaging of trazodone- or ischemia–reperfusion-induced liver injury in mice. Compared to conventional liver injury diagnostic methods, such as invasive tissue biopsy, ex vivo blood analysis and previously reported fluorescent/optoacoustic probes, BTPE-NO 2 @F127 offers real-time, in situ monitoring with high sensitivity and signal-to-background ratio, as well as mutually corroborating signals for increased reliability. The fabrication of BTPE-NO 2 @F127, including the chemical synthesis and characterization, requires ~17 d, while the in vitro validation of its H 2 O 2 responsiveness takes ~5 d. Notably, the complete workflow of data acquisition and analysis for MSOT/NIR-II FL dual-mode imaging of liver injury in mice using BTPE-NO 2 @F127 can be accomplished within 10 h. The protocol is easy to follow and suitable for clinicians and researchers with a basic understanding of chemistry and bioimaging techniques.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
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2026
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IF 6
Lubin Zhou,Xianda Zhao,Na Liang,Xinxing Sun,Hao Wang,Tingting Gai,Xiaofeng Lu,Biaotong Huang,Fengjin Zhou
Diabetic wounds pose significant clinical and public health challenges due to persistent multidrug-resistant bacterial biofilms and the lack of real-time, objective monitoring tools. Herein, we report a multifunctional hydrogel microneedle patch that integrates synergistic antibacterial therapy with dynamic wound assessment. The MN tips, composed of hyaluronic acid and polyvinyl pyrrolidone, were loaded with copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs) to enable minimally invasive, localized delivery into wound tissues. Upon near-infrared-II (NIR-II) irradiation, CuS NPs mediated combined photothermal and chemodynamic antibacterial effects, effectively controlling wound infection and modulating the wound microenvironment to facilitate healing. The hydrogel base, based on polyvinyl alcohol, incorporated brilliant yellow dye-loaded beads, which are capable of a visual, colorimetric response to wound exudate. Quantitative analysis via smartphone imaging allowed real-time, non-invasive monitoring of wound pH value. This theranostic platform offers a promising strategy for the design of integrated, intelligent dressings for precise diabetic wound therapy
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Small
·
2025
·
IF 12.1
Wei Ge,Beibei Gao,Shuxian Li,Guangbo Yu,Lu Gao,Zhemin Shen,Fu Wang,Junle Qu
Ratiometric fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) region holds great promise for the accurate identification of metastatic lymph nodes (MLNs), but faces challenges in biocompatible probe design with simplified composition and broad spectral tunability. Here, a minimalist, self-calibrating ratiometric probe based on homologous Ag 2 Se quantum dots (QDs) is developed. Through rational redesign of tributylphosphine-mediated coordination kinetics, continuous size-dependent emission tuning across 935–1710 nm, with the synthetic mechanism and structure–property relationships systematically elucidated, is achieved. The inherently low-toxicity Ag 2 Se core, combined with poly(amino acid) coating, ensures excellent biosafety, as validated by in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo biochemical assays. Two spectrally distinct QDs (emitting at 1040 and 1305 nm, with full width at half maximum of 176 and 119 nm) enable multiplexed anatomical imaging, allowing both real-time intraoperative detection and postoperative assessment of MLNs, with a diagnostic threshold ratio of ≈0.9. This work presents a scalable strategy for full-NIR-II monochromatic QD synthesis and establishes a minimal-component biocompatible platform for precision ratiometric diagnostics.
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Research
·
2023
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IF 11
Jiaxiang Bai,Yonghai Feng,Wenming Li,Zerui Cheng,Jessica M. Rosenholm,Huilin Yang,Guoqing Pan,Hongbo Zhang,Dechun Geng
Nanozymes are considered to represent a new era of antibacterial agents, while their antibacterial efficiency is limited by the increasing tissue depth of infection. To address this issue, here, we report a copper and silk fibroin (Cu-SF) complex strategy to synthesize alternative copper single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) with atomically dispersed copper sites anchored on ultrathin 2D porous N-doped carbon nanosheets (CuNx-CNS) and tunable N coordination numbers in the CuNx sites (x = 2 or 4). The CuNx-CNS SAzymes inherently possess triple peroxidase (POD)-, catalase (CAT)-, and oxidase (OXD)-like activities, facilitating the conversion of H2O2 and O2 into reactive oxygen species (ROS) through parallel POD- and OXD-like or cascaded CAT- and OXD-like reactions. Compared to CuN2-CNS, tailoring the N coordination number from 2 to 4 endows the SAzyme (CuN4-CNS) with higher multienzyme activities due to its superior electron structure and lower energy barrier. Meanwhile, CuNx-CNS display strong absorption in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) biowindow with deeper tissue penetration, offering NIR-II-responsive enhanced ROS generation and photothermal treatment in deep tissues. The in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that the optimal CuN4-CNS can effectively inhibit multidrug-resistant bacteria and eliminate stubborn biofilms, thus exhibiting high therapeutic efficacy in both superficial skin wound and deep implant-related biofilm infections.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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微生物学
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2023
·Vol. 35
·期 26
·2211432
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IF 29.4
Xiaojun He,Yuna Qian,Chenglin Wu,Jiayao Feng,Xiaoshuai Sun,Qinxiang Zheng,Xiaokun Li,Jianliang Shen
Bacterial infections, such as bacterial keratitis (BK) and subcutaneous abscess, pose significant challenges to global healthcare. Innovative and new antibacterial agents and antibacterial strategies are in demand to control infections in this era of high drug resistance. Nanotechnology is gradually emerging as an economically feasible and effective anti-infection treatment. High-entropy MXenes (HE MXenes) are used to confer desirable properties with exposed active sites to high-entropy atomic layers, whose potential application in the field of biomedicine remains to be explored. Herein, monolayer HE MXenes are fabricated by implementing transition metals with high entropy and low Gibbs free energy to fill the gap in the biocatalytic performance of non-high-entropy MXenes. HE MXenes are endowed with extremely strong oxidase mimic activity ( K m = 0.227 m m ) and photothermal conversion efficiency (65.8%) in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) biowindow as entropy increases. Subsequently, HE MXenes realize NIR-II-enhanced intrinsic oxidase mimic activity for killing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and rapidly removing the biofilm. Furthermore, HE MXenes can effectively treat BK and subcutaneous abscess infection induced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as nanotherapeutic agents with minuscule side effects. Overall, monolayer HE MXenes demonstrate promising clinical application potential in the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections and promote the healing of infected tissues.
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Nano Today
·
2023
·
IF 17.4
Jiahuan Xu,Liang Chen,Sujun Ding,Xinyue Dai,Yanfei Dai,Yu Chen,Xuejun Ni
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) have been extensively applied in biomedicine . However, the potential of MXene-based nanomedicine in sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has been rarely explored. Here, under the guidance of theoretical calculation, Nb 2 C MXenes are engineered as a high-performance sonocatalyst/sonosensitizer through mild in-situ self-oxidation. The work function values of Nb 2 C MXenes with different oxidation degrees are calculated to determine the optimized conditions to construct efficient Schottky heterojunction in the self-oxidized Nb 2 C MXenes. Experimentally, the niobium oxide clusters are homogeneously self-generated in-situ in Nb 2 C MXenes to form efficient Schottky barriers after the mild hydrothermal oxidation. The results reveal that the Schottky heterojunction can accelerate the separation of sono-triggered electron-hole pairs and inhibit their recombination, which profoundly augments the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency of the in-situ self-oxidized Nb 2 C MXenes (denoted as Nb 2 C-Ox) under ultrasound (US) irradiation. The mild oxidation also allows the Nb 2 C-Ox to inherit the high photothermal performance of Nb 2 C MXenes in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window. Accordingly, the developed Nb 2 C MXene-originated sonocatalyst/sonosensitizer can achieve high therapeutic efficacy based on the sonodynamic effect and NIR-II photonic hyperthermia. Therefore, this work proposes a theoretical calculation-oriented strategy to design and fabricate new MXene-based sonocatalysts/sonosensitizers for biomedical applications .
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Journal of Materials Chemistry B
·
2022
·Vol. 10
·期 48
·10083-10096
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IF 7.571
Hai Zhu,Xuequan Zhang,Qiusheng Wang,Jin Deng,Zhuangzhuang Zhang,Xiaoxian Zhang,Jun Cao,Bin He
The combined use of photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) could circumvent the drawbacks of each individual therapeutic strategy, resulting in an enhanced antitumor effect. However, the lack of highly effective photo-agents that are irradiation-safe in the biologically transparent window hinder the advancement of phototherapy clinically. Hence, in this study, a charge separation engineering strategy was adopted to fabricate a nanoplatform with heterojunctions, namely, in situ TiO2-loaded MXene (Ti3C2/TiO2 heterojunctions). This nanoplatform exhibited reduced bandgap (1.68 eV), enhanced NIR-II photothermal conversion efficiency (44.98%), and extended absorption edge compared to pristine TiO2 for enhanced photodynamic effect. More importantly, the proliferation of tumor cells could be efficiently inhibited at a 5 mm chicken breast depth after 1064 nm laser irradiation, and the intracellular ROS production significantly increased under 660 nm or even 1064 nm laser irradiation with heterojunctions (HJs) compared with that of TiO2. Moreover, the in vivo data further confirmed that the as-prepared heterojunctions could efficiently eradicate tumors efficiently via improved photothermal effect with NIR-II laser irradiation and upregulated ROS production. Collectively, the reported HJs strategy provides an opportunity for the success of combinational PTT and PDT therapy in tumor treatment.
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ACS Nano
·
2023
·
IF 17.1
Min Wei,Jingwen Bai,Xiao Shen,Kangliang Lou,Yiyang Gao,Ruichan Lv,Peiyuan Wang,Xiaolong Liu,Guojun Zhang
Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is the standard of care for early breast cancer patients, while the high ratio of reoperation is still a challenge due to inaccurate margin assessments. In patients with locally advanced or advanced breast cancer, radiotherapy is an important treatment for local control or improvement of quality of life. However, enhancing sensitization to radiotherapy is an unmet medical need. To solve the above clinical predicaments, a glutathione (GSH) exhausting virus-like silicon dioxide nanoprobe with Gd coating and folic acid (FA) modification is designed. After loading ICG in the mesopores, the VGd@ICG-FA probe efficiently targets tumor cells with high resolution, due to its virus-like morphology and folate acid anchoring. Especially, the fabricated nanoprobe enables the identification of tiny cancers and navigates precise surgery under NIR-II fluorescence imaging. Moreover, after the nanoprobes enter into the cytoplasm of cancer cells, tetrasulfide linkages in the silica framework are broken under the triggering of high GSH concentrations. In turn, the broken framework exhausts GSH to disrupt intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, and Gd produces more ROS under radiotherapy, further activating ferroptosis, and resulting in the enhancement of radiotherapy in breast cancer. Therefore, our nanoprobe exhibits tremendous potential as a NIR-II fluorescence imaging agent with no systematic side effects for precise cancer surgery and nanotherapeutics for boosting radiation sensitivity in future clinical translation of breast cancer.
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JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·Vol. 21
·期 1
·1-14
·
IF 10.2
Chen Ming,Chen Xiao-Tong,Zhang Lian-Ying,Meng Wei,Chen Yong-Jian,Zhang Ying-Shan,Chen Zhi-Cong,Wang Hui-Min,Luo Chun-Mei,Shi Xiu-Dong,Zhang Wen-Hua,Wang Mao-Sheng,Chen Jin-Xiang
Since the successful clinical trial of AuroShell for photothermal therapy, there is currently intense interest in developing gold-based core-shell structures with near-infrared (NIR) absorption ranging from NIR-I (650–900 nm) to NIR-II (900–1700 nm). Here, we propose a seed-mediated successive growth approach to produce gold nanoshells on the surface of the nanoscale metal–organic framework (NMOF) of UiO-66-NH2 (UiO = the University of Oslo) in one pot. The key to this strategy is to modulate the proportion of the formaldehyde (reductant) and its regulator / oxidative product of formic acid to harness the particle nucleation and growth rate within the same system. The gold nanoshells propagate through a well-oriented and controllable diffusion growth pattern (points → facets → octahedron), which has not been identified. Most strikingly, the gold nanoshells prepared hereby exhibit an exceedingly broad and strong absorption in NIR-II with a peak beyond 1300 nm and outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency of 74.0%. Owing to such superior performance, these gold nanoshells show promising outcomes in photoacoustic (PA), computed tomography (CT), and photothermal imaging-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) for breast cancer, as demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo.
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RSC Advances
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 9
·5044-5054
·
IF 3.361
Botao Qu,Yahong Han,Juan Li,Qian Wang,Bingyu Zhao,Xiaoyang Peng,Ruiping Zhang
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has emerged as a promising bio-imaging technique due to its non-invasive visualization of lesions at great penetration depths. Fluorescence (FL) imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) achieves a higher imaging resolution and lower background signals compared to NIR-I. However, the single imaging method possesses its own disadvantages. Thus, we have demonstrated ZIF-8–IR820–MnPc–HA nanoparticles (ZIMH NPs) that can achieve visualization and localization of tumors in mice models with the help of a dual-modality PA/NIR-II FL imaging performance. Meanwhile, these excellent nanoparticles also induce the efficient generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) upon 808 nm laser illumination, and display excellent photodynamic therapy efficacy in cells, further indicating their potential application for in vivo PDT. In ZIMH NPs, hyaluronic acid (HA) impressively acts as a “sponge”, enhancing the generation of 1O2 and facilitating the cellular therapeutic effects. We believe that ZIF-8–IR820–MnPc–HA NPs present a brand-new strategy for the exploration of efficient PDT photosensitizers with dual-modality imaging performance for use in various biomedical applications.
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MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
·
2020
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IF 4.321
Lipeng Zhu,Duyang Gao,Lisi Xie,Yunlu Dai,Qi Zhao
The limited tumor tissue penetration of many nanoparticles remains a formidable challenge to their therapeutic efficacy. Although several photonanomedicines have been applied to improve tumor penetration, the first near-infrared window mediated by the low optical tissue penetration depth severely limits their anticancer effectiveness. To achieve deep optical tissue and drug delivery penetration, a near-infrared second window (NIR-II)-excited and pH-responsive ultrasmall drug delivery nanoplatform was fabricated based on BSA-stabilized CuS nanoparticles (BSA@CuS NPs). The BSA@CuS NPs effectively encapsulated doxorubicin (DOX) via strong electrostatic interactions to form multifunctional nanoparticles (BSA@CuS@DOX NPs). The BSA@CuS@DOX NPs had an ultrasmall size, which allowed them to achieve deeper tumor penetration. They also displayed stronger NIR II absorbance-mediated deep optical tissue penetration than that of the NIR I window. Moreover, the multifunctional nanoplatform preferentially accumulated in tumor sites, induced tumor hyperthermia, and generated remarkably high ROS levels in tumor sites upon NIR-II laser (1064 nm) irradiation. More importantly, our strategy achieved excellent synergistic effects of chemotherapy and phototherapy (chemophototherapy) under the guidance of photothermal imaging. The developed nanoparticles also showed good biocompatibility and bioclearance properties. Therefore, our work demonstrated a facile strategy for fabricating a multifunctional nanoplatform that is a promising candidate for deep tumor penetration as an effective antitumor therapy.
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Materials Today Bio
·
2025
·
IF 10.2
Jiaqi Zhou,Hao Li,Hui Li,Jiayi Ding,Zhong Du,Jiabao Xiong,Hongyang Yao,Xueliang Zhang,Nuernisha Alifu,Biao Dong
Cyanine molecules with the second near-infrared (NIR-II) emission hold great potential for bioimaging owing to their great biocompatibility, but the scissor-like structure of these molecules poses a major bottleneck in obtaining efficient NIR-II fluorescence probes. Constructing J-aggregates represents a promising strategy for obtaining biomedical NIR-II emissive materials. However, achieving J-aggregates in cyanine dyes with large torsion angles between the heterocyclic rings poses a challenge. In this study, we introduced the guanidine of tumor molecular targeted peptide 1 (TMTP1) to increase steric hindrance of IR-783 and reduce the angle of IR-783 scissors. The near-coplanar structure of IR-783@peptide TMTP1 composite facilitates the formation of a novel J-aggregates (IR-783-LP-TMTP1) with super-stable effect for NIR-II in vivo dynamic vascular imaging and remarkable tumor targeting capbility. The stable emision wavelength and high spatial resolution of J-aggregates was demostrated for brain and ear vasculature bioimaging under 808 nm laser excitation. Additionally, J-aggregates exhibits robust tumor-targeting capability towards cervical tumors, indicating their potential in cervical cancer diagnosis. This work develops a molecular design strategy to construct bright NIR-II J-aggregates with super-stable and robust tumor-targeting properties and paving the way for improving bioimaging performance of similar molecules.
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