Fire-Switzerland
·
2026
·Vol. 9
·期 7
·272
·
IF 3.2
Mei Zhao,Guoqiang Dong,Xu Lu,Yajie Zhao,Jingjing Gao,Xinxin Wei,Chenhui Xu,Yu Liu,Lianqiang Li,Yachao Wang
A novel material, chitosan oligosaccharide@melamine polyphosphate (CMP), with enhanced flame-retardant and hydrophobic properties, was synthesized by cross-linking melamine polyphosphate (MPP) with chitosan oligosaccharide. Compared with MPP, the CMP overcomes its inherent drawbacks when used as a flame retardant in polylactic acid (PLA) composites, namely the high loading demand and unsatisfactory interfacial compatibility with the polymer matrix. The results demonstrated that the peak heat release rate (p-HRR) dropped significantly in comparison to pure PLA, from 304.69 kW·m−2to 210.39 kW·m−2, while the fire performance index (FPI) increased from 0.1 to 0.48 s·m−2·kW−1. Furthermore, the fire growth index (FGI) decreased from 1.51 kW·m−2·s−1to 1.03 kW·m−2·s−1. Additionally, the CMP demonstrated enhanced thermal stability, making the pyrolysis activation energy Eαincrease from 135.04 to 191.97 kJ/mol during 308~416 °C by pyrolysis kinetics. Compared to composite PLA incorporating pristine MPP, the CMP-modified counterpart exhibits superior mechanical properties and significantly enhanced hydrophobicity, evidenced by a maximum water contact angle reaching 93.96°. It provides a strategy for adapting phosphorus-based flame retardants for PLA, thereby broadening their applicability across diverse scenarios.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Jialin Liu,Dongzi Zhou,Zitong Wang,Fangli Sun,Haicun Yang,Junfeng Cheng,Dong Wang,Dun Wu,Cheng Zhang,Chunlin Liu,Louis C. P. M. de Smet,Zheng Cao
Sn nanoparticle–carbonized (Sn@C) nanofibers via electrospinning + calcination • Sn@C + chitosan (CS) ⇒ CS/Sn@C layers by spin coating • Layer tested for humidity sensing by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) • High repeatability and reversibility; low humidity hysteresis • Combining structural integrity (Sn@C) + water adsorption sites (CS) SnCl₂·2H₂O was introduced into polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers through a simple electrospinning method, and composite Sn nanoparticle–carbonized (Sn@C) nanofibers were prepared by two-stage calcination. After dispersing different amounts of composite nanofibers in a 2.5 wt% chitosan (CS) solution via ultrasonication, a series of CS/Sn@C composite humidity-sensitive layers were spin-coated on quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor surfaces. The morphology, structure, and composition of Sn@C nanofibers were analyzed by SEM, TEM, XPS, and BET. The diameter of Sn@C nanofibers was decreased from 180 nm to 95 nm upon decreasing the PAN content from 90% to 60%. The presence of metallic Sn nanoparticles, formed on the surface of Sn@C nanofibers, resulted in an increase in specific surface area from 5.1 m²·g⁻¹ to 106.5 m²·g⁻¹. Using an electrospinning solution with PAN:SnCl₂·2H₂O (8:2 w/w) and a Sn@C dispersion (0.05 mg/mL) in 2.5 wt% CS solution, a QCM sensor with a fitting correlation coefficient of 0.9998 was fabricated. The sensor parameters were optimized through QCM testing under varying conditions. The sensor demonstrated fast response/recovery times: <1.2 s (response)/50 s (recovery) in 11–33% RH and 67 s/37 s in 11–98% RH. Additionally, the CS/Sn@C-modified QCM sensor exhibited high repeatability, reversibility, and low humidity hysteresis. Download: Download high-res image (169KB) Download: Download full-size image
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POLYMER BULLETIN
·
2026
·Vol. 83
·期 11
·626
·
IF 4.2
Liu Xiaoqi,Zhang Renyun,Chen Ting,Xiang Luodan,Wang Jing,Lv Guozhi,Liu Yan,Zhang Ting’an
Chitosan modified with polyethylene glycol-200 and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (MCS) was synthesized for the recovery of Sc(III) ions from aqueous solutions. The prepared adsorbents were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, BET, XRD, XRF, and SEM. The effects of solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature on the adsorption performance were systematically investigated. The characterization results confirmed the successful fabrication of MCS, and the PEG-200-assisted pore-forming strategy improved the accessible pore structure and Sc(III) adsorption performance of MCS relative to glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan (GCS). A working pH of 5, an adsorbent dosage of 50 mg, a contact time of 100 min, and a temperature of 30 °C were selected for the subsequent adsorption experiments. The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics of Sc(III) onto MCS were further investigated. The adsorption data were best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, and the Langmuir model predicted a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 55.28 mg·g −1 at 30 °C. The adsorption of Sc(III) was mainly associated with coordination interactions, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding involving the N/O-containing functional groups of MCS. The synergistic combination of PEG-200-assisted pore formation and GA crosslinking helped balance acid stability and pore accessibility, indicating that MCS has potential as an adsorbent for Sc(III) recovery from acidic aqueous media.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2026
·
IF 13.2
Wanting Li,Yangkun Cao,Kunpeng Gao,Lili Yin,Kang Lian,Hong Jiang,Yang Hu,Xiangzhao Mao
Chitosanases are attractive biocatalysts for producing bioactive chito-oligosaccharides (COS), but their applications are limited by insufficient catalytic efficiency, poor stability, and challenging recovery. Although many chitosanases can be activated by metal ions, the direct addition of free ions into reaction systems suffers from low efficiency and separation challenges. This study presented a MOF-based strategy to create a Cu-enriched coordination microenvironment, enabling simultaneous immobilization and activation of marine polysaccharide hydrolases. Taking chitosanase OUC-CsnCA as a model, the immobilization on Cu-trimesic acid (Cu-BTC) doubled its activity (413.5 ± 34.7 U/mg) and increased k cat from 361.8 ± 8.0 to 704.4 ± 16.1 min −1 , along with improved thermostability and pH tolerance. MALDI-TOF-MS and HPLC confirmed deeper substrate depolymerization upon immobilization. Kinetic and spectroscopic analyses revealed that Cu 2+ -binding modulated enzyme conformation and promoted enzyme–substrate interactions. Molecular dynamics simulations further indicated that Cu 2+ coordination was associated with adjustments in catalytic cleft geometry (D102–E84) and reinforcement of hydrogen-bond interactions within the substrate-binding pocket. Enhanced activities were further observed for immobilized ι-carrageenase and α-agarase, demonstrating the potential applicability of this strategy to other metal-responsive marine polysaccharide hydrolases.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2026
·
IF 8.7
Kangping Lu,Xiaomen Zheng,Huaxin Zhou,Dini Huo,Yanxiao Han,Xida Qian,Hongbin Xie,Lin Shi,Gang Du,Zhipeng Li,Bin Jin
Effective management of traumatic and infected wounds remains challenging because hemorrhage, bacterial contamination, and impaired early repair often occur simultaneously. This study designed a multifunctional composite sponge via physical cross-linking between quaternary chitosan (QCS) and silk sericin (SER), further loaded with dicresulene diammonium (Di). The QCS/SER/Di sponge was systematically evaluated for its physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and functional performance. The sponge formulations exhibited hemolysis ratios below 5%, while significantly enhancing fibroblast migration and proliferation. Furthermore, the QCS/SER/Di sponge reduced viable Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by more than 99% within 12 h and caused marked disruption of bacterial membrane integrity. During in vitro hemostasis tests, it induced complete whole-blood clotting within 2 min, compared with more than 8 min in the untreated control. In the rat tail-amputation model, the sponge reduced blood loss from 1656 ± 315.2 mg in untreated animals to approximately 204 mg, with comparable hemostatic benefits observed in the liver injury hemorrhage model. When applied to infected wounds, the sponges significantly reduced the bacterial load and were associated with greater wound-area reduction, re-epithelialization and collagen deposition, increased vascular structures, and changes in selected inflammation- and repair-associated markers during the 14-day observation period. This study presents a multifunctional composite sponge platform for complex wound management which integrates rapid hemostasis and strong antibacterial activity.
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JOURNAL OF MICROENCAPSULATION
·
2025
·
IF 3.2
Ning He,Danqing Wu,Rui Luo,Ziqin Cao,Shuang Shan,Qingsong Fei,Jiabao Wu,Shaoyun Bai
This study was to prepare the esculin-loaded chitosan microspheres for intravitreal injection and explore the feasibility of the treatment of macular degeneration. The microspheres were fabricated using an emulsification crosslinking technique. The drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, and mean particle diameter of the optimised esculin-loaded chitosan microspheres were 8.03 ± 1.30%, 93.03 ± 2.16%, and 4.81 ± 1.60 μm, respectively. The thermal stability evaluation at 25 °C demonstrated consistent particle diameter maintenance, with microspheres retaining sizes of 4.73 ± 1.75 μm and 4.89 ± 1.55 μm after 15 and 30 days’ storage periods, respectively. The in vitro release profile demonstrated 80% cumulative drug release from the microspheres over a 72 h period. Subsequent pharmacokinetic analysis revealed significantly enhanced parameters in the vitreous humour following intravitreal administration, with the half-life (t1/2) reaching 879.88 ± 44.00 min and the area under curve (AUC) attaining 150.18 ± 2.28 × 103 mg·min/mL. Intravitreal injection of esculin-loaded chitosan microspheres offers a promising drug delivery system for the treatment of macular degeneration.
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PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Integrative Neuroscience
·
2025
·Vol. 24
·期 6
·36965
·
IF 2.7
Qicheng Li,Fengshi Zhang,Shiyan Liu,Yusong Yuan,Yuhui Kou
Background:The repair technology of peripheral nerve injuries has made great progress, but the simultaneous repair and promotion of nerve regeneration in multiple distal nerves remains a challenging task. The current cylindrical nerve conduits are unsuitable for nerve transposition repair. This study aims to assess the effect of conical chitosan conduits (different inner diameters at both ends) on nerve transposition repair, in conjunction with methylcobalamin (MeCbl).Methods:In this study, a conical chitosan conduit was used to bridge a 2 mm defect between the proximal common peroneal nerve and distal tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve in rats. Additionally, we administered MeCbl at various concentrations to evaluate post-surgical adjuvant treatment effect. At 16 weeks post-surgery, gait analysis, electrophysiology testing, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, toluidine blue staining, immunofluorescence staining, muscle wet weight determination and Masson’s trichrome staining were performed to assess nerve regeneration and reinnervation of gastrocnemius.Results:Gross observations did not reveal the formation of neuromas after bridging the distal nerves in each group. In terms of motor function (**p < 0.01), compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude and latency (**p < 0.01), the quantity of regenerated nerve fibers, muscle fiber morphology and other parameters (**p < 0.01), 200 μg/kg MeCbl administration as a supplementary treatment had a significant positive impact compared to the chitosan conduit+normal saline (Chi/NS) group.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrated that conical chitosan conduits combined with MeCbl can effectively promote nerve transposition repair following multiple distal nerve injuries.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9
Lijuan Cheng,Xiaolong Xu,Yurong Jiang,Shiyu Zhang,Kai Xu,Hui Wang,Xianjuan Zhang,Runnan Zhang,Zhongyi Jiang
Surface segregation as a simple and efficient method for in situ membrane surface modification, has distinct advantages in constructing antifouling membranes. In this study, two chitosan derivatives, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HACC), are selected as surface modifiers to fabricate antifouling poly (ether sulfone) (PES) membrane for oil-water filtration. The addition of CMC and HACC can regulate the phase inversion process to acquire membranes with high porosity. During the phase inversion process, CMC and HACC can in situ crosslink the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) segregation agent by hydrogen bonds at the water-polymer interface, constructing a hydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic modification layer on the membrane surface. Specifically, the CMC-modified membrane exhibits enhanced water permeance from 339 to 635 Lm -2 h -1 bar -1 and antifouling performance with 98% flux recovery and 7% total flux decline. Furthermore, the membrane shows satisfying long-term performance stability in industrial oily wastewater treatment with the permeance maintained above 400 Lm -2 h -1 bar -1 within 10-hour continuous filtration. The study provides a facile strategy to in situ fabrication of oil-water separation membranes with excellent antifouling performance, which displays application potential in practical oily wastewater treatment.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
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高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 2.5
Yu Yi,Qingying Chen,Ye Zhou,Jianfeng Mei,Yanlu Zhang,Bailong Wang,Guoqing Ying
This study aims to develop an excellent pharmaceutical excipient based on crosslinked hydroxyethyl chitosan (G-HECTS(GA)), designed to exhibit high intrinsic viscosity and superior moisture absorption and retention properties for wound healing applications. Hydroxyethyl chitosan (HECTS) was synthesized from chitosan through a derivatization reaction with bromoethanol under alkaline conditions, achieving a maximum solubility of 6.8 ± 0.2 g/100 g water. The HECTS was further crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) to produce G-HECTS(GA). Structural characterization of the product was performed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Key parameters, including crosslinker dosage, reaction time, temperature, and stirring speed, were optimized to evaluate their effects on intrinsic viscosity. The physicochemical properties and wound healing efficacy of G-HECTS(GA) were systematically assessed in a rat wound model. Under optimal conditions (35°C, 25 μL GA, 18 h reaction time), the crosslinked product demonstrated an intrinsic viscosity of 1870 ± 70 mL/g, a moisture retention rate of 39% ± 3% , and a moisture absorption rate of 39.1% ± 0.7% . G-HECTS(GA) rapidly formed a stable film on wound surfaces, effectively absorbing exudates and promoting wound healing. The material exhibited excellent stability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity, along with significant anti-inflammatory effects. These properties highlight the potential of G-HECTS(GA) as a high-performance pharmaceutical excipient for hemostatic spray formulations, offering a promising solution for mucosal wound repair and related biomedical applications.
研究领域:
药学
·
生物材料
·
医学
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Hermela Ejegu,Mengdi Xu,Charles Kumah,Yan Qingshuai,Biruk Fentahun,Sun Yifan,Binjie Xin,Guangniao Xu,Hua Shen
Biocompatible electrospun fibrous scaffolds that mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) have significant potential in tissue engineering and wound healing applications. This study aimed to develop a novel scaffold by incorporating Discopodium penninervium (DP) leaf extract into chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol (CH-PVA) scaffolds via electrospinning and evaluate their biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and efficacy in wound healing. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis identified bioactive compounds in the DP extract, including phenolic acids, phytol, linolenic acid, and gamma-sitosterol, which are known for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and skin-regenerative properties. The scaffolds exhibited a continuous, smooth, bead-free structure with fiber diameters ranging from 186 ± 24.1 nm to 236 ± 14.22 nm. Crosslinking (CL) with glutaraldehyde enhanced hydrophilicity, water absorbency, and biodegradability. Scaffolds with 2 % and 3 % DP extract demonstrated enhanced cell viability (up to 116.49 %) and improved antibacterial efficacy, with inhibition zones of 21 mm and 21.5 mm against E. coli and 21.2 mm and 21.8 mm against S. aureus , respectively, significantly outperforming the control group. In vivo studies showed accelerated wound closure (98 % within 15 days) compared to untreated controls (85 %). Enhanced angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, and collagen deposition promoted faster healing, while modulation of IL-6 and TNF-α inflammatory markers balanced inflammation and tissue regeneration. These findings demonstrate the potential of DP-loaded CH-PVA scaffolds as innovative, sustainable, and effective wound dressings. Their enhanced healing properties and antibacterial performance present a promising solution for improving healthcare outcomes, particularly in resource-limited settings where affordable and accessible treatments are critically needed.
研究领域:
生物材料学
·
组织工程学
·
药理学
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Qingqing Liu,Yue Tang,Mingming Xiong,Yunting Yang,Yanting Liu,Zhengping Duan,Wei Luo,Yisha Xie,Yongjun Yuan
Lipase is widely used in the food industry, but its catalytic efficiency is limited by the insufficient enzyme-substrate contact. To address this issue, chitosan-zein complex particles immobilized lipase (CZPs-lipase) and the corresponding Pickering emulsion catalytic system (PEC) were fabricated. The results showed that the incorporation of zein increased the three-phase contact angle of the particles and decreased the particle size, facilitating lipase immobilization. However, the reduced ζ-potential of the particles was unfavorable for the lipase immobilization by electrostatic adsorption. As a compromise, the maximum immobilized lipase activity was obtained at a chitosan:zein mass ratio of 1:2 (CZPs 1:2 -lipase). In addition, the PEC stabilized by CZPs-lipase had a significantly ( P < 0.05) smaller particle size than that stabilized by chitosan-lipase particles. Consequently, after 120 min of reaction, the hydrolysis rate of p-nitrophenol palmitate in the PEC stabilized by CZPs 1:2 -lipase was 1.66 and 3.67 times that of the free lipase emulsion and the free lipase biphasic catalytic system, respectively. Meanwhile, after 180 min of reaction, the hydrolysis rate of corn oil and soybean oil in the PEC reached 75.68 ± 1.85 % and 96.27 ± 2.26 %, respectively, significantly ( P < 0.05) higher than that in the free lipase emulsion. After five cycles, the relative hydrolysis rate remained at approximately 85 %. This efficient and PEC has considerable potential for applications in the food industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物技术
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高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2019
·
IF 6.044
Xiaoyue Xu,Liping Sun,Li Zhou,Yanju Cheng,Feng Cao
Chitosan oligosaccharide-valylvaline-stearic acid (CSO-VV-SA) nanomicelles were designed for topical ocular drug delivery, based on peptide transporter-1 (PepT-1) active targeting. Hydrogenated castor oil-40/octoxynol-40 (HCO-40/OC-40) mixed nanomicelles were also prepared according to Cequa, just approved by FDA. Both nanomicelles produced no significant cytotoxicity and difference in human corneal epithelial cells (HCEpiC) and human conjunctival epithelial cells (HConEpiC). The active transport of CSO-VV-SA nanomicelles by PepT-1 was illustrated in the inhibitory test. Ex vivo fluorescence images of frozen sections indicated that the nanomicelles entered the posterior segment mainly through conjunctival route. In vivo precorneal retention study suggested dexamethasone from both nanomicelles could be detected for more than 3 h in rabbit tears. In vivo distribution evaluation of rabbits’ eyes showed the delivering efficiency of CSO-VV-SA nanomicelles was not inferior to that of HCO-40/OC-40 mixed nanomicelles. These findings indicated that CSO-VV-SA nanomicelles could become promising candidates for further clinical application.
研究领域:
药剂学
·
眼科医学
·
生物材料
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）