Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
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2024
·Vol. 24
·期 2
·4000-4016
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IF 3.4
Qin Yuyan,Wang Yunru,Shi Pengtao,Wu Feng,Zhong Yunjie,Li Hong,Shan Bin
Currently, co-contamination of arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) is increasingly observed in specific locales, attributable to the expansion of Se-enriched agriculture. This paper aims to elucidate the possible mechanism of As and Se interaction. In this investigation, a soil pot experiment was conducted to explore the individual and combined effects of As (arsenate, 100 mg·kg − 1 soil) and Se (selenite, 7.5 mg·kg − 1 soil) on their accumulation, translocation, speciation composition, and subcellular distribution in three Brassica vegetables. The results showed that As stress remarkably inhibited plant growth. Under As stress, the addition of Se did not significantly affect As transport factors, yet it notably increased total As content in the stems, leaves, and flowers. Se addition was observed to obstruct As conversion from inorganic to organic forms, thereby elevating both As(III) and As(V) levels in the aerial organs. Subcellular analysis revealed an increase in As levels within the leaf cell walls, organelles, and soluble cytosol. Interestingly, the impact of As on Se accumulation was found to be stimulatory in choy sum but inhibitory in pak choi and mustard. Under Se stress, As supplementation impeded the conversion of Se from inorganic to organic forms, leading to higher Se(VI) concentrations. At the subcellular level, As addition promoted Se translocation from the leaf cell wall and organelles to cytosolic, where both As and Se predominantly accumulated. These results suggest that the interaction between As and Se inhibits their metabolic processes and enhances vacuolar compartmentalization, thereby influencing their accumulation in plants. The research highlights the heightened risk of As contamination in Se-enriched vegetables cultivated in As-contaminated soil.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 15.7
Wang Qiyou,Luo Tao,Cao Xueying,Gong Yujie,Liu Yuxiang,Xiao Yusen,Li Hongmei,Gröbmeyer Franz,Lu Ying-Rui,Chan Ting-Shan,Ma Chao,Liu Kang,Fu Junwei,Zhang Shiguo,Liu Changxu,Lin Zhang,Chai Liyuan,Cortes Emiliano,Liu Min
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have received increasing attention due to their 100% atomic utilization efficiency. The electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) to CO using SAC offers a promising approach for CO 2 utilization, but achieving facile CO 2 adsorption and CO desorption remains challenging for traditional SACs. Instead of singling out specific atoms, we propose a strategy utilizing atoms from the entire lanthanide (Ln) group to facilitate the CO 2 RR. Density functional theory calculations, operando spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy elucidate the bridging adsorption mechanism for a representative erbium (Er) single-atom catalyst. As a result, we realize a series of Ln SACs spanning 14 elements that exhibit CO Faradaic efficiencies exceeding 90%. The Er catalyst achieves a high turnover frequency of ~130,000 h − 1 at 500 mA cm − 2 . Moreover, 34.7% full-cell energy efficiency and 70.4% single-pass CO 2 conversion efficiency are obtained at 200 mA cm − 2 with acidic electrolyte. This catalytic platform leverages the collective potential of the lanthanide group, introducing new possibilities for efficient CO 2 -to-CO conversion and beyond through the exploration of unique bonding motifs in single-atom catalysts.
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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 2.6
Zhang Yuli,Hou Yujie,Nie Liu,Guo Zhiliang,Lai Changgan,Ji Shuai,Zhang Donghuai,Zhang Yifan,Lei Lixu
Agglomerated nanorods of lead phosphate have been synthesized from the reaction of lead acetate prepared from waste lead paste and Na 2 HPO 4 , which is used as an additive for the PbSO 4 -negative electrode of a lead-acid cell. It has been found that lead phosphate can be all converted to lead sulfate in 36 wt.% sulfuric acid electrolyte and generate phosphoric acid, and the negative active material containing 1 wt.% lead phosphate discharges a capacity of 111 mAh g −1 at 100 mA g −1 till 1.75 V; it still discharges 78 mAh g −1 after 1200 cycles, which is 10.1% higher than the blank PbSO 4 electrode. It is believed that phosphoric acid could remove the non-conductive oxide on the lead alloy grid; thus, a better conductive network could be built. Also, phosphoric acid is adsorbed on PbSO 4 particles, which can improve the reversibility of the electrode and diminish the shedding of PbSO 4 .
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Science China-Materials
·
2024
·
IF 6.8
Liu Hongjie,Sun Xue,Liu Jiaxin,Li Xiang,Hua Yunqiu,Yue Zhongjie,Song Jian,Wang Xilong,Yang Yujie,Lin Qianqian,Zhai Zhongjun,Tao Xutang,Zhang Guodong
Lead-halide perovskite single crystal (SC) heterojunctions have attracted significant attention for X-ray detection owing to their unique combination of high sensitivity, resolution, stability and low detection limit. However, the toxicity of lead in those perovskite heterojunctions limits their practical applications. Herein, we report the construction of the first all-inorganic lead-free Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 /Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 SC heterojunctions with an area of 20 × 20 mm 2 via a facile liquid-phase epitaxial method through temperature-lowering crystallization. The epitaxial crystallization of the three-dimensional (3D) Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 SC film on a 2D Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 SC substrate requires a large driving force for transitioning from the Volmer–Weber mode to the layer-by-layer growth mode under a rapid cooling rate. The Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 /Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 SC heterojunction detector achieves a high sensitivity of 1390 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 for 100 keV hard X-ray detection at room temperature, which is enhanced to 2075 µC Gy air −1 cm −2 at 75°C, demonstrating impressive high-temperature stability. Moreover, the detector achieves a detection limit of 37.48 nGy air s −1 and excellent stability for 90 days without any encapsulation. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using the epitaxial mechanism of perovskite formation on a high-surface-energy substrate for the controllable construction of a 3D/2D heterojunction that significantly enhances X-ray detection performance.
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Nature Chemistry
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 3
·373-379
·
IF 19.2
Guan Yeqin,Wen Hong,Cui Kaixun,Wang Qianru,Gao Wenbo,Cai Yongli,Cheng Zibo,Pei Qijun,Li Zhao,Cao Hujun,He Teng,Guo Jianping,Chen Ping
Photon-driven chemical processes are usually mediated by oxides, nitrides and sulfides whose photo-conversion efficiency is limited by charge carrier recombination. Here we show that lithium hydride undergoes photolysis upon ultraviolet illumination to yield long-lived photon-generated electrons residing in hydrogen vacancies, known as F centres. We demonstrate that photon-driven dehydrogenation and dark rehydrogenation over lithium hydride can be fulfilled reversibly at room temperature, which is about 600 K lower than the corresponding thermal process. As light-driven F centre generation could provide an alternative approach to charge carrier separation to favour chemical transformations that are kinetically or thermodynamically challenging, we show that light-activated lithium hydride cleaves the N≡N triple bond to form a N–H bond under mild conditions. Co-feeding a N 2 /H 2 mixture with low H 2 partial pressure leads to photocatalytic ammonia formation at near ambient conditions. This work provides insights into the development of advanced materials and processes for light harvesting and conversion.
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Nature Energy
·
2025
·
IF 60.1
Han Yu,Fu Jiehao,Ren Zhiwei,Yu Jiangsheng,Liang Qiong,Xu Zhihang,Xie Xiyun,Li Dongyang,Ma Ruijie,Cao Menghua,Sun Yonggui,Yang Chen,He Jiaqi,Chang Xiaoming,Liu Kuan,Fong Patrick W. K.,Huang Jiaming,Liu Heng,Liu Zhike,Xu Dongfang,Cheng Lei,Zhang Jiyao,Yang Guang,Lu Xinhui,Zhu Ye,Tai Qidong,Lin Qianqian,Hu Hanlin,Yang Yang,Li Gang
Wide-bandgap perovskites in monolithic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells face challenges such as unregulated crystallization, severe defect traps, poor energetic alignment and undesirable phase transitions, primarily due to unfavourable bottom interfacial contact. These issues lead to energy loss and device degradation. In this Article, we synthesize acidic magnesium-doped tin oxide quantum dots to modulate the bottom interface contact in wide-bandgap CsPbI 2 Br perovskite solar cells. This design balances physical, chemical, structural and energetic properties, passivating defects, optimizing energy band alignment, enhancing perovskite film growth and mitigating instability. We also elucidate the instability mechanism caused by alkaline-based tin oxide bottom contact, emphasizing the impact of the tin oxide solution’s acid/base properties on the stability and performance of the device. Consequently, the wide-bandgap CsPbI 2 Br solar cell achieves a power conversion efficiency of 19.2% with a 1.44 V open-circuit voltage. The perovskite/organic tandem solar cell demonstrates an efficiency of 25.9% (certified at 25.1%), with improved stability under various conditions.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-16
·
IF 15.7
Zhang Qiang,Chen Wanyi,Qin Ming,Wang Yuhao,Pu Zhongji,Ding Keyan,Liu Yuyue,Zhang Qunfeng,Li Dongfang,Li Xinjia,Zhao Yu,Yao Jianhua,Huang Lei,Wu Jianping,Yang Lirong,Chen Huajun,Yu Haoran
Traditional protein engineering methods, such as directed evolution, while effective, are often slow and labor-intensive. Advances in machine learning and automated biofoundry present new opportunities for optimizing these processes. This study devises a protein language model-enabled automatic evolution platform, a closed-loop system for automated protein engineering within the Design-Build-Test-Learn cycle. The protein language model ESM-2 makes zero-shot prediction of 96 variants to initiate the cycle. The biofoundry constructs and evaluates these variants, and feeds the results back to a multi-layer perceptron to train a fitness predictor, which then makes prediction of second round of 96 variants with improved fitness. With the tRNA synthetase as a model enzyme, four-rounds of evolution carried out within 10 days lead to mutants with enzyme activity improved by up to 2.4-fold. Our system significantly enhances the speed and accuracy of protein evolution, driving faster advancements in protein engineering for industrial applications.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
·
2025
·
IF 2
Zhang Dongbo,Tang Xinyue,Wang Ning,Xiao Mingwei,Yan Jiangrong,Zhang Yongsheng
High-entropy oxides used as thermal barrier coating materials have attracted considerable attention from scientific communities owing to their unique properties, such as low thermal conductivity and good stability at high temperatures. In this study, a new (La 0.2 Gd 0.2 Zr 0.2 Ce 0.2 Ho 0.2 )O 2-δ ((LGZCH)O) fluorite-structured high-entropy oxide was successfully synthesized through a solid-state reaction at 1400 °C. The resulting material demonstrated good phase stability after sintering at high temperatures. The microstructure, microscopic morphology, ionic valence, compositional distribution, optical properties, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion properties, and mechanical properties of (LGZCH)O were investigated. X-ray diffraction results showed that the (LGZCH)O fluorite-structured high-entropy oxide exhibited good stability during sintering at different temperatures with an optimum sintering temperature of 1580 °C. Ce 4+ converted to Ce 3+ at high temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that the material had a high porosity of approximately 28.9% after sintering at 1580 °C. (LGZCH)O had a higher infrared radiation emissivity of 82.2%-87.6% in the range of 2.5-6.0 μm indicating that it had better thermal radiation shielding performance. After porosity modification, the thermal conductivity ranged from 1.27 to 1.00 W m −1 K −1 from room temperature to 1000 °C, which is considerably lower than that of yttria-stabilized zirconia. Additionally, (LGZCH)O exhibited low coefficients of thermal expansion measuring 9.65 × 10 −6 K −1 and 10.13 × 10 −6 K −1 at 1000 and 1200 °C, respectively. The hardness and Young’s modulus of the bulk (LGZCH)O measured via nanoindentation tests were 8.86 GPa and 153.98 GPa, respectively, which are marginally inferior to those of YSZ. Therefore, (LGZCH)O can be considered a promising candidate material for thermal barrier coatings.
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Reaction Kinetics Mechanisms and Catalysis
·
2024
·
IF 1.7
Yan Jiaqi,Fu Weiwen,You Kuiyi,Zhao Fangfang,Luo He’an
A solvent-free, acid-free, and efficient strategy was developed for the selective preparation of 4-nitro-o-xylene (4-NOX) from the catalytic nitration of o-xylene with NO 2 mediated O 2 over BiCl 3 immobilized silicic acid catalyst (BiCl 3 -SA). The results indicated that the Lewis acid BiCl 3 -SA conjoined NO 2 –O 2 as a composite system synergistically promotes o-xylene conversion and 4-NOX selectivity. Under optimal conditions, 52.4% of o-xylene conversion with 68.4% 4-NOX selectivity was obtained at 35 °C. The characterization demonstrated that the highly dispersed metal Bi species form stable chemical bonds with the SA surface, which can effectively inhibit the loss of metal species and generate abundant acid sites. The developed catalyst is not only inexpensive but also has excellent stability and catalytic performance. Furthermore, a plausible mechanism for the catalytic nitration of o-xylene using NO 2 as a nitration agent over BiCl 3 -SA was proposed. This work provides an eco-friendly and practical protocol for improving desirable 4-NOX selectivity and reducing the discharge of acidic wastewater, with potential application prospects. Graphical abstract
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JOURNAL OF FLUORESCENCE
·
2024
·
IF 2.6
Ge Jiahao,Zhang Kangjun,Hu Weijian,Zhou Haihua,Wu Xiaokang
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor originating from liver cells, characterized by complex pathogenesis and limited treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, and transplantation. Cisplatin, an effective chemotherapeutic agent, disrupts cancer cell DNA but is hindered by side effects and the need for controlled sustained release to optimize efficacy. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising nanocarriers for precise local drug delivery, reducing required doses and mitigating side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, thus offering a potential avenue for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. In this research, a rectangular channel MOF (Rumgay H, Ferlay J, Martel C, Georges D, Ibrahim AS, Zheng R, Wei W, Lemmens VEPP, Soerjomataram I (2022) Global, regional and national burden of primary liver cancer by subtype. Eur J Cancer 161:108–118) carrier was synthesized using ligand L as the organic linker coordinated with Cu(II) and I(I). The MOF’s structure and fluorescence properties were characterized. Additionally, to enhance substrate biocompatibility, composite carrier materials were prepared by incorporating polylactic acid (PLA) with 1 , utilized for cisplatin loading. To evaluate the inhibitory effect of PLA- 1 @cisplatin on HCC, HepG-2 and Huh-7 HCC cell lines were treated with varying concentrations of the drug for 48 h, and their cell viability was assessed. The results demonstrated a significant dose-dependent reduction in cell viability of both HepG-2 and Huh-7 cells. To explore the potential inhibitory mechanism of PLA- 1 @cisplatin on HCC, the mRNA levels of GADD45A and NACC1 in HepG-2 and Huh-7 cells post-treatment were measured. GADD45A expression, initially low in HCC cells, was significantly upregulated after drug treatment, while NACC1, typically highly expressed in HCC, showed a significant decrease in mRNA levels with increasing concentrations of PLA- 1 @cisplatin. These findings indicate that PLA- 1 @cisplatin effectively upregulates GADD45A expression and downregulates NACC1 expression. Overall, the developed cisplatin-loaded nanoparticle system holds promise for HCC treatment by reducing chemotherapy side effects and enhancing drug efficacy.
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WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·Vol. 41
·期 4
·1-15
·
IF 4.2
Zhao Jing-yi,Gao Fan,Wu Mengru,Li Yang,Chen Yong,Xiao Zijun
Enantiopure ( S )-2-methylbutanoic acid [( S )-2-MBA] is a high-value chiral compound with applications in fragrances, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. However, conventional chemical synthesis lacks stereoselectivity, while existing biosynthetic methods suffer from low yield and purity. Here, we report a novel microbial process using Bacillus spizizenii ATCC 6633 for efficient ( S )-2-MBA production via L-isoleucine catabolism. Through targeted screening of rhizospheric soil isolates and Bacillaceae strains, ATCC 6633 demonstrated superior performance, producing 3.67 g/L ( S )-2-MBA with 99.32% enantiomeric excess ( ee ) under optimized conditions (45 °C, 8% inoculation, 5 g/L glucose, and 8 g/L L-isoleucine). A 58.92% conversion efficiency was achieved, and a simplified purification process recovered 63.90% product with 97.32% purity. Mechanistic studies suggested glucose depletion triggered ( S )-2-MBA accumulation, aligning with starvation-induced secondary metabolism. This cost-effective, eco-friendly approach eliminates racemic separation steps and harsh reagents, positioning ATCC 6633 as a promising biocatalyst for sustainable ( S )-2-MBA production.
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Microsystems & Nanoengineering
·
2024
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 7.3
Yang Ziwei,Wang Jingxiao,Wan Xiao,Xu Hongcheng,Zhang Chuanyu,Lu Xiaoke,Jing Weixuan,Guo Chuanfei,Wei Xueyong
High-sensitivity flexible pressure sensors have obtained extensive attention because of their expanding applications in e-skins and wearable medical devices for various disease diagnoses. As the representative candidate for these sensors, the iontronic microstructure has been widely proven to enhance sensation behaviors such as the sensitivity and limits of detection. However, the fast and tunable fabrication of ionic-porous sensing elastomers remains challenging because of the current template-dissolved or 3D printing methods. Here, we report a microbubble-based fabrication process that enables microporous and resilient-compliance ionogels for high-sensitivity pressure sensors. Periodic motion sliding results in a relative velocity between the imported airflow and the fluid solution, converts the airflow to microbubbles in the high-viscosity ionic fluid and promptly solidifies the fluid into a porous ionogel under ultraviolet exposure. The ultrahigh porosity of up to 95% endows the porous ionogel with superelasticity and a Young’s modulus near 7 kPa. Due to the superelastic compliance and iontronic electrical double-layer effect, the porous ionogel packaged into two electrodes endows the pressure sensor with high sensitivity (684.4 kPa −1 ) over an ultrabroad range (~1 MPa) and a high-pressure resolution of 0.46%. Furthermore, the pressure sensor successfully captures high-yield broad-range signals from the fingertip low-pressure pulses (<1 kPa) to foot high-pressure activities (>500 kPa), even the grasping force of soft machine hands via an array-scanning circuit during object recognition. This microbubble-based fabrication process for porous ionogels paves the way for designing wearable sensors or permeable electronics to monitor and diagnose various diseases.
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