CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
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2022
·
IF 4.889
Chenghao Gao,Sida Ling,Zhuo Chen,Yundong Wang,Jianhong Xu
Droplet microfluidic technology refers to the technique of preparing and controlling microscale monodisperse droplets by shear force and interfacial tension of two immiscible phases accurately, which has a wide range of applications in biomedicine, chemical reaction enhancement, nanoparticle preparation, and other fields due to its efficient mass and heat transfer, easy manipulation, rapid response, and high throughput. In the application of droplet microfluidic technology, coalescence often occurs due to the structural complexity of microchannels, which limits the practical application performance. The mechanism of droplet coalescence has been widely studied in conventional reactors, among which the liquid film drainage theory is the most widely accepted. To achieve accurate control of the droplet coalescence process, there have been many studies on droplet coalescence in microchannels. A variety of microchannel structures have been proposed and the mechanism and influencing factors of double droplets coalescence have been explored. However, most of the existing studies on coalescence are based on cross structures, mainly studying the coalescence of double droplets in confined systems. There is still a lack of research on the coalescence process of droplet swarms, which is more widespread in practical applications. Therefore, this work used the rectangular expansion structure to realize the droplet coalescence and explored the effects of two-phase flow rate, continuous phase viscosity, surfactant concentration, and the size of expanding channel on the droplet coalescence behavior. The coalescence types, probabilities, and size distributions of microdroplet swarms under different factors were summarized. The time distribution of liquid film drainage in the droplet coalescence process and the influence of various factors on it were further analyzed based on the liquid film drainage theory.
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FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
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2022
·Vol. 48
·期 6
·1539-1554
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IF 3.014
Yu Tingting,Xu Xiaowen,Mao Huiling,Han Xue,Liu Yulong,Zhang Hongying,Lai Jingli,Gu Jianfeng,Xia Mengling,Hu Chengyu,Li Dongming
Fenpropathrin has been a commonly used insecticide to control agricultural and household insects over a few decades. Up to now, fenpropathrin residue in soil and water has been often determined due to its widespread use, which poses serious threat to environment and aquatic organisms. The potential of fenpropathrin to affect aquatic lives is still poorly understood. In this study, we used zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) embryo as an experimental model system to evaluate the toxicity of fenpropathrin to the development of zebrafish nervous system. Zebrafish embryos were separately exposed to fenpropathrin at the dose of 0.016 mg/L, 0.032 mg/L, 0.064 mg/L, starting at 6 h post-fertilizationhpf (hpf) up to 96 hpf. The results showed that fenpropathrin exposure gives rise to physiological, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental impairments in zebrafish embryos, including enhanced acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, abnormal swimming behavior, karyopyknosis in brain cells, increased intercellular space, and uneven migration of neuron in brain area. In addition, the expressions of genes concerning neurodevelopment and neurotransmitter system were inhibited following fenpropathrin exposure. We also found that fenpropathrin exposure distinctly induced oxidative stress by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibiting the production of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Expectedly, some apoptosis-associated genes were induced and the apoptosis appeared in the brain and heart cells of zebrafish embryos. Moreover, fenpropathrin exposure also inhibited the expressions of genes in Nrf2 signaling pathway, such as heme oxygenase-1 ( HO-1 ) and SOD . In summary, the results of this study indicate that oxidative stress-triggered apoptosis may be an underlying fundamental of fenpropathrin-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish embryos.
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Journal of Nanomaterials
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2022
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IF 3.791
XuHui Li,Yi Zhao
Architecture is the precipitation of history, not only the embodiment of technical level but also the inheritance of history and culture. Excellent architecture contains high historical value and emotional factors, and it continues to deepen over time. Nanotechnology is a new technology that was born in the late 1980s and is emerging. It mainly refers to the study of the laws of motion and interactions of electrons, atoms, and molecules in the composition system of matter in the range of 0.1 to 100 nm. Nanomaterials have special properties and structures, and the composite materials made of them have the effect of strengthening and toughening the polymer by virtue of their high-quality strength and toughness. Therefore, the aim of this text is to explore the application of nanocomposite building materials in modern architectural design and analyze the advantages and development trends of new building materials. The method in this paper is to use the method of experimental comparison to analyze the performance improvement effect of nanocomposite building materials on the current main building materials of concrete. By establishing a model to study the impact on the shrinkage and mechanical properties of cement-based materials, it can also improve the environmental performance and comprehensive evaluation of building materials. Corresponding conclusions are drawn through data comparison. When the amount of nanocomposite building materials is 1.5%, the chemical shrinkage value of the cement paste will increase by 58.2%, and the shrinkage strain will increase by 15.3%. When the fly ash content is 20%, the chemical shrinkage value of cement paste is reduced by 30.5%, and the shrinkage strain of concrete is reduced by 8.8%. Therefore, adding nanocomposite building materials to cement-based materials can promote cement hydration, optimize pore structure, and to a certain extent can make up for the shortcomings of mineral admixtures and achieve better improvement effects.
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Bioresources and Bioprocessing
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2022
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·1-14
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IF 4.983
Hu Qiongyue,Zhang Tanglei,Yu Hongwei,Ye Lidan
The vitamin A component retinol has become an increasingly sought-after cosmetic ingredient. In previous efforts for microbial biosynthesis of vitamin A, a mixture of retinoids was produced. In order to efficiently produce retinol at high purity, the precursor and NADPH supply was first enhanced to improve retinoids accumulation in the S. cerevisiae strain constructed from a β-carotene producer by introducing β-carotene 15,15ʹ-dioxygenase, following by screening of heterologous and endogenous oxidoreductases for retinal reduction. Env9 was found as an endogenous retinal reductase and its activity was verified in vitro. By co-expressing Env9 with the E. coli ybbO , as much as 443.43 mg/L of retinol was produced at 98.76% purity in bi-phasic shake-flask culture when the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene was added to prevent retinoids degradation. The retinol titer reached 2479.34 mg/L in fed-batch fermentation. The success in selective biosynthesis of retinol would lay a solid foundation for its biotechnological production. Graphical Abstract
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ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
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2022
·Vol. 306
·期 1
·115-125
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IF 2.493
Zhu Bo,Chen Yumei,Guo Min,zhang Chenhui,Huang Lingxiao,Pan Qiangwei,Lin Tao,Lu Yiyi,Shen Xiaolu,Zhang Hongping
Purpose Adenomyosis is a common gynecological disease, but its pathogenesis and treatment options are not yet completely clear. This study aimed to investigate the analgesic effect of berberine on tamoxifen-induced neonatal mouse adenomyosis and its curative effects on the disease. Methods The mouse adenomyosis model was established in neonatal female mice via oral administration of tamoxifen suspended solution. Adenomyosis mice were given berberine by intraperitoneal injection with the dosage of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg body weight, respectively, at 17 weeks after birth. The pain sensation of the mice was evaluated by hotplate and tail-flick tests. The mRNA levels of gene expression were detected by RT-qPCR. The protein expression was analyzed by ELISA and Western blot. Results Berberine reduced the uterine weight, suppressed the myometrial infiltration of ectopic endometrium, improved the hotplate and tail-flick latency of the adenomyosis mice. Mechanistically, berberine downregulated the expression of genes related to pain and inflammation, such as TRPV1, COX-2, VEGF and OTR, impaired the inflammatory response at the DRG site, and inhibited the expression of TLR4 in DRG and uterine tissues. Conclusions Berberine attenuates hyperalgesia and exhibits analgesic and therapeutic effects on adenomyosis mice.
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npj Quantum Materials
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2023
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·1-7
·
IF 5.7
Xu R. Z.,Du X.,Zhou J. S.,Gu X.,Zhang Q. Q.,Li Y. D.,Zhao W. X.,Zheng F. W.,Arita M.,Shimada K.,Kim T. K.,Cacho C.,Guo Y. F.,Liu Z. K.,Chen Y. L.,Yang L. X.
TaTe 4 , a metallic charge-density wave (CDW) material discovered decades ago, has attracted renewed attention due to its rich interesting properties, such as pressure-induced superconductivity and candidate nontrivial topological phase. Here, using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and ab initio calculation, we systematically investigate the electronic structure of TaTe 4 . At 26 K, we observe a CDW gap as large as 290 meV, which persists up to 500 K. The CDW-modulated band structure shows a complex reconstruction that closely correlates with the lattice distortion. Inside the CDW gap, there exist highly dispersive energy bands contributing to the remnant Fermi surface and metallic behavior in the CDW state. Interestingly, our ab initio calculation reveals that the large CDW gap mainly opens in the electronic states with out-of-plane orbital components, while the in-gap metallic states originate from in-plane orbitals, suggesting an orbital texture that couples with the CDW order. Our results shed light on the interplay between electron, lattice, and orbital in quasi-one-dimensional CDW materials.
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ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
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2021
·
IF 6.291
Meifeng Li,Tingting Yu,Jingli Lai,Xue Han,Jihuan Hu,Zeyuan Deng,Dongming Li,Zuocheng Ye,Shanghong Wang,Chengyu Hu,Xiaowen Xu
Ethoprophos is an effective and widely pesticide that used in controlling nemathelminth and soil insect. However, ethoprophos has been frequently detected in environment and freshwater. The potential toxicity to aquatic organisms is still not be explored. In this study, zebrafish embryo model was used to evaluated the toxicity of ethoprophos during cardiovascular developmental process of zebrafish. Zebrafish embryos were separately exposed to 10 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 40 mg/L and 50 mg/L of ethoprophos exposure at 96 h post-fertilization (hpf), which induced cardiac defects, such as low heart rate, pericardium edema and long SV-BA distance, but had no influence to vascular development. Mechanistically, the expression of cardiac-related genes were abnormal. Moreover, ethoprophos exposure significantly increased oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos by inhibiting the production of antioxidant enzyme (SOD) and activating reactive oxygen species. Expectedly, some apoptosis genes were induced and the apoptotic cardiomyocytes were detected by acridine orange staining. In addition, ethoprophos exposure also inhibited the expression of genes in wnt signaling pathway, such as β-catenin, Axin2, GSK3β and Sox9b. BML284, an activator of wnt signaling pathway, can rescue the cardiotoxic effect of embryos. These results indicated that oxidative stress and blocking wnt signaling pathway were molecular basis of ethoprophos-induced injure in zebrafish. Generally, our study showed that ethoprophos exposure led to severe cardiotoxicity to zebrafish embryo.
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2023
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IF 7.4
Dongliang Li,Wei Li,Rong Chen,Xun Zhu,Dingding Ye,Yang Yang,Qiang Liao
Precision manipulation of particle-enrichment patterns in droplets is challenging but important in biochemical analysis and clinical diagnosis. Herein, a light strategy for precisely manipulating particle enrichment patterns is reported. Focused laser irradiation to the droplet induces a Marangoni flow owing to a localized photothermal effect, which carries in-droplet particles and concentrates them at the laser-spot-acted region. Owing to high flexibility of light, multiple particle-enriched sites are formed in a droplet, and the concentrated particles can be transported and reconstructed on demand. In addition to the island-like enrichment pattern, this optical particle manipulation strategy enables the formation of various particle-enriched patterns, such as the line-shape and circle-shape patterns. Further, light directly acts on the working fluid instead of target particles, considerably weakening dependence on particle properties. For particles whose density is similar to that of the working fluid, a portion of particles can still be concentrated. It is also found that only a small portion of submicron particles can be concentrated, while nanoparticles are hardly concentrated by this light strategy. Moreover, high reconfigurability of light enables in-parallel high-throughput operations, which is demonstrated using two laser beams to form two particle enrichment sites in a droplet simultaneously. Finally, this light strategy is also demonstrated by concentrating cells and nucleic acid molecules. This work paves the way for the applications of optofluidics in cell sorting, point-of-care analysis, and drug screening.
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NATURE MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 41.2
Huang Xiaoyan,Zhang Shuai,Zhang Pei,Zhu Yujie,Xie Jiaye,Yang Mingcong,Han Lu,Hu Jun,Li Qi,He Jinliang
Dielectric polymers are ubiquitous as electrical insulation in electronic devices and electrical systems. Electrical degradation of dielectric polymers tends to initiate catastrophic failure of numerous devices and systems, but its detection and early warning remain challenging. Here we report a general material strategy that signals the electrical degradation of dielectric polymers by autonomously presenting a visually discernible warning in the form of a pronounced colour change. This colour change is induced by the chromogenic response of molecular indicators blended with the polymer, which are chemically activated by the oxygen radicals generated in situ during the electrical degradation of the polymer. We unveil that the structural degradation and electrical properties of the dielectric polymer are quantitatively correlated with the colour difference. Such a chromogenic process is autonomous without the need of human intervention or other external energy, thus offering the convenience to lower or even eliminate the risk of dielectric failure.
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Advanced Optical Materials
·
2023
·
IF 9
Ying Lv,Yunkai Li,Zhongyuan Li,Rong-Jun Xie
Near-infrared (NIR) luminescent materials hold promising applications in NIR spectroscopy technologies, but the NIR emitters are largely limited to some transition metals with spin-forbidden transitions that lead to low absorption efficiency of the pumping light. Exploring novel efficient NIR emitters is thus an urgent and challenging task for developing high-efficiency NIR luminescent materials. Here, an interesting NIR emission of Sm 2+ is reported in BaAlSi 5 O 2 N 7 , which exhibits both a line spectrum at 682 nm and a broadband centered at 778 nm with a full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of 141 nm. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence spectra and decay curves evidence that the thermally assisted electrons crossover (TAEC) process contributes to the enhancement of the broadband NIR emission. The fabricated NIR phosphor-converted light-emitting diode (pc-LED) shows promising potential as a NIR lighting source and proves robust thermal stability under high-temperature aging test. The present surprising NIR emission from Sm 2+ in highly stable oxynitrides opens a way to explore efficient and reliable NIR phosphors that are suitable for commercial LED chips.
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CARBON
·
2021
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IF 9.594
Ye Fan,Chao Deng,Yuxuan Gao,Yi Ding,Yuchen Wu,Shiman Mo,Yingbang Yao,Bo Liang,Shengguo Lu,Wen Qi,Tao Tao
Using Li-carbon composites as anodes in high-energy-density lithium batteries leads to significant improvements in cycling life and safety compared with lithium metal. Li 2 C 2 consisting of dumbbell anions is the most thermodynamically stable phase in the family of lithium-carbon materials, however its low conductivity is a critical obstacle to the practical applications. sp 2 -hybridizing carbon is one promising option for unique electronic structures. Here, Li 2 C 2 alloy nanosheets composed of sp 2 -hybridized carbon atoms are directly formed from Li element and carbon during ball milling process, presenting a metallic feature at ambient conditions. After removing lithium from these alloy nanosheets, amorphous carbon ultrathin nanosheets are obtained. A vertically aligned Li 2 C 2 nanosheet foil prepared by pressing the milled powder, can be used as free-standing, binder-free electrodes for fabricating various types of lithium batteries, and their excellent electrochemical performance is attributed to a highly reversible Li atoms uptake in amorphous carbon nanosheets.
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ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
·
2021
·Vol. 43
·期 1
·146-156
·
IF 6.15
Yao Xin-peng,Jiao Ting-ying,Jiang Yi-ming,Fan Shi-cheng,Zhao Ying-yuan,Yang Xiao,Gao Yue,Li Fei,Zhou Yan-ying,Chen Pan-pan,Huang Min,Bi Hui-chang
Mifepristone (Mif), an effective synthetic steroidal antiprogesterone drug, is widely used for medical abortion and pregnancy prevention. Due to its anti-glucocorticoid effect, high-dose Mif is also used to treat Cushing’s syndrome. Mif was reported to active pregnane X receptor (PXR) in vitro and PXR can induce hepatomegaly via activation and interaction with yes-associated protein (YAP) pathway. High-dose Mif was reported to induce hepatomegaly in rats and mice, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, the role of PXR was studied in Mif-induced hepatomegaly in C57BL/6 mice and Pxr -knockout mice. The results demonstrated that high-dose Mif (100 mg · kg −1 · d −1 , i.p .) treatment for 5 days significantly induced hepatomegaly with enlarged hepatocytes and promoted proliferation, but low dose of Mif (5 mg · kg −1 · d −1 , i.p .) cannot induce hepatomegaly. The dual-luciferase reporter gene assays showed that Mif can activate human PXR in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, Mif could promote nuclear translocation of PXR and YAP, and significantly induced the expression of PXR, YAP, and their target proteins such as CYP3A11, CYP2B10, UGT1A1, ANKRD, and CTGF. However, Mif (100 mg · kg −1 · d −1 , i.p .) failed to induce hepatomegaly in Pxr -knockout mice, as well as hepatocyte enlargement and proliferation, further indicating that Mif-induced hepatomegaly is PXR-dependent. In summary, this study demonstrated that PXR-mediated Mif-induced hepatomegaly in mice probably via activation of YAP pathway. This study provides new insights in Mif-induced hepatomegaly, and provides novel evidence on the crucial function of PXR in liver enlargement and regeneration.
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