Yang Ting,Chen Liping,Chen Wanghua,Zhou Yishan,Gao Haisu,Zhong Tingting
2-Ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN) is an important material, which is produced by concentrated HNO 3 –H 2 SO 4 nitration process. But EHN is not a stable material, especially mixed with acids. To analyze the stability of EHN with concentrated acid under serious condition, four samples (pure EHN, concentrated sulfuric acid with EHN, concentrated nitric acid with EHN, and mixed acid with EHN) and three acids (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and mixed acid) were measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) in this paper. The results indicated that concentrated sulfuric acid, concentrated nitric acid, and mixed acid all could decrease the onset decomposition temperature of EHN, especially concentrated sulfuric acid. DSC results also showed that the heat of EHN decomposition with nitric acid is larger than other samples. Based on ARC data, the kinetic parameters and T
D24 (temperature at which TMR
ad is 24 h) were calculated. The activation energy and T
D24 of the EHN with acids, especially with concentrate sulfuric acid, were much lower than the pure EHN. It can be concluded that acids could decrease the stability of EHN and that is an important reason for frequent accidents.
Developing non-noble metal catalysts with excellent electrocatalytic performance and stability is of great significance to hydrogen production by water electrolysis, but there are still problems of low activity, complex preparation and high cost. Herein, we fabricated a novel Ni 3 S 2 /Ni(OH) 2 dual-functional electrocatalyst by a one-step fast electrodeposition on nickel foam (NF). While maintaining the electrocatalytic performance of Ni 3 S 2 , the existence of heterostructure and Ni(OH) 2 co-catalyst function greatly improves the overall water splitting performance of Ni 3 S 2 /Ni(OH) 2 –NF. Hence, It shows a low overpotential of 66 mV at 10 mA cm −2 for HER and 249 mV at 20 mA cm −2 for OER. The dual-functional electrocatalyst needs only 1.58 V at 20 mA cm −2 when assembled two-electrode electrolytic cell. Impressively, the electrocatalyst also shows outstanding catalytic stability for about 800 h when 20 and 50 mA cm −2 constant current was applied, respectively which demonstrates a potential electrocatalyst for overall water splitting.
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