Soft Matter
·
2022
·Vol. 18
·期 48
·9197-9204
·
IF 4.046
Shiyu Yao,Xingyue Sun,Lina Ye,Haiyi Liang
Hydrogels are widely used in actuators that are applied in numerous fields such as multifunctional sensors, soft robots, artificial muscles, manipulators and microfluidic valves, and yet their applications in soft robots and artificial muscles are often limited by low actuation strength and slow actuation speed. Here, we develop a hydrogel actuator with high actuation strength (contraction strength of 850 kPa), fast actuation speed (response time of 90 s) and high energy density (output working density of 72 kJ m−3) by introducing a storing–releasing elastic potential energy method into a double network hydrogel. The high actuation strength is owing to the double network hydrogel, which possesses a high elastic modulus of 1.3 MPa, fracture strength of 1.8 MPa, and fracture energy of 16 kJ m−2. The fast actuation speed is due to the storing–releasing elastic potential energy method, which stretches the hydrogel and locks the hydrogel at deformed shape under external stimuli to store the elastic potential energy and then makes the hydrogel contract rapidly under new stimuli to release the pre-stored energy. A capture actuator and a hand muscle actuator are fabricated to achieve strong and fast actuation. The hydrogel actuator has shown potential applications in soft robots and artificial muscles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
软体机器人
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Lijuan Xu,Yangyang Li,Yuan Ji,Jichi Zhang,Lu Shao,Dawei Zhang,Lina Ma,Guolin Gao,Zaixing Jiang
Metallo-supramolecular polymer (MEPE)-based thin film electrochromic devices (ECDs) have been considered to be a promising platform for portable electronics as their low cost, excellent redox properties, high optical contrast, and rich colors. However, poor cycle stability and slow response speed are serious bottlenecks for widespread commercial devices. Here, a gel electrolyte functionalized by the anodic active species p -benzoquinone ( p -BQ) (GET-BQ) was reported. It has outstanding conductivity (∼4.62 mS cm −1 ) and transparency. Fe(Ⅱ)-MEPE-based ECDs incorporating the GET-BQ electrolyte (ECD-BQ) showed lower voltage operation (∼1.1 V), higher optical contrast (ca. ΔT ∼ 35.7%), faster response rate ( t b ∼ 2.5 s, t c ∼ 0.3 s), and superb cycling durability (<1.7% ΔT loss after 1440 cycles) than those without p -BQ. Moreover, the charge transport kinetics of ECD-BQ were explored by the CV curve, in situ infrared spectroelectrochemical analysis, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The charge transfer mechanism of electrochromic material and electrolytes in ECD-BQ offers a novel entry to design superior electrolytes for high-performance ECD.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Mingyu Lu,Binquan Wang,Qichao Li,Yiping Guo
Flexible pressure sensors play a vital role in advancing the Internet of Things (IoT). However, piezoelectric sensors are limited in static pressure detection and suffer in achieving high flexibility and high sensitivity simultaneously, while piezoresistive sensors typically have slow response speeds and insensitive high-frequency detection ability. Here, we select a novel basalt fiber fabric (BFF) that can withstand high temperatures exceeding 1000 °C as a new substrate to enable one-step fabrication of piezoelectric layer based on coherently grown Pb(Zr 0.52 Ti 0.48 )O 3 (PZT) thin films via a simple dipping method. The high piezoelectric coefficient g 33 of 362.5 mV·m·N −1 and the unique core-sheath structure induced stress concentration on the PZT sheath enable the flexible piezoelectric layer (bending radius < 1.45 mm) to exhibit high sensitivity (voltage sensitivity of 2.766 V/kPa within the range of 0.11–11.11 kPa) and fast response speed (11 ms). The piezoresistive layer consisting of a three-dimensional porous elastic carbon nanotube-polyurethane sponge provides a detection range comparable to piezoelectric layer (0.11–66.67 kPa). A dual-mode flexible pressure sensor (DMFS) has been developed by integrating the piezoelectric layer with the piezoresistive layer. The DMFS exhibits an extended detection range compared to previous dual-mode pressure sensors, rapid response speed, and high sensitivity, which enables simultaneous detection of both dynamic and static pressures. The DMFS can be used for keyboard and movement posture recognition, which has significant application prospects in human-machine interaction.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感器技术
·
物联网
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Flexible and Printed Electronics
·
2022
·Vol. 7
·期 2
·025001
·
IF 3.768
Wenjing He,Chenchao Huang,Xinzhou Wu,Wenming Su,Zheng Cui
Electrochromic (EC) smart windows with transparency-tuning capability can provide buildings with effective sun-shading and privacy to occupants at low energy consumption. The essential requirements to EC windows are fast response, dynamic tunability and low-cost. Recent development in all-in-one electrochromic devices (ECDs) which combines electrolyte, EC and ion storage functions in a single gel has the advantage of single layer structure and can be manufactured in large areas at low cost. However, the coloring voltage and time of all-in-one ECDs can be influenced by the viscosity of active gel. By raising the working temperature, the ECD may have faster response time and lower coloring voltage due to reduced gel viscosity. To enable high working temperature, a high conductivity and high transparency metal-mesh heating film was integrated to an EC window glass. The coloring performance of the EC window was investigated at different heating temperatures compared to its room temperature performance. It was found that working at 70 °C the coloring efficiency was doubled and the response speed of the device is five times faster than that at room temperature. The integrated metal-mesh heating film also brought added benefits such as defog and defrost for car windshield.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
DYES AND PIGMENTS
·
2022
·
IF 5.122
Xiangyong Wu,Xian Deng,Ying Song,Zhenxiao Zhang,Hao Su,Ying Han,Yihui Shen,Sitong Liu,Keying Sun,Hongyan Yao,Shaowei Guan
Photochromic hydrogels have broad prospects in wearable optoelectronic technology, rewritable information storage technology, biological imaging agents and chemical sensors, etc. However, it is still a challenge to develop photochromic hydrogels with high transparency, mechanical properties, fast response, stability and color reversibility. In this study, a novel photochromic hydrogel (PAAm/SA-Mo7) was prepared by loading ammonium molybdate (Mo7) into a double-network hydrogel of polyacrylamide (PAAm) and sodium alginate (SA) through a facile one-step method. The introduction of SA and Mo7 significantly improved the mechanical properties of hydrogels, and the maximum elongation and breaking energy are 27.5 and 86 times higher than those of pure PAAm . Furthermore, the photochromic hydrogels have fast response and stable reversible color change. The coloring process of hydrogels can be precisely controlled by the time and intensity of UV irradiation, and the fading process can also be controlled by temperature. The photochromic hydrogel can be applied to self-erasing rewritable media and information storage. This work provides a new approach for the development of flexible wearable optoelectronic materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
·
2025
·
IF 8.9
Tao Yu,Jianjun Xu,Jianjun Chen,Jianxin Liu,Yanzi Gao
The application of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film has been significantly hindered due to its unsatisfactory contrast ratio ( CR ) in high-temperature environments, delayed response speed in low-temperature conditions, and suboptimal off-axis viewing angles. To address these issues, nano-particle SiO 2 with a similar refractive index to polymer was introduced into the film, and then the electro-optical properties and viewing angle characteristics of PDLC films with different contents of SiO 2 at 100 °C and −30 °C were analyzed. When the doping amount of SiO 2 is 1.5 wt% of the polymer component, the contrast ratio of PDLC films at 100 °C is increased to 16, which is 60 % higher than that of undoped SiO 2 films. At −30 °C, the saturation voltage is 59 V (2.95 V/μm), and the rise time and decay time are 0.35 s and 2.5 s, respectively, slightly higher than the film without doping SiO 2 . The film also maintained a good viewing angle, with H on < 15 % at 45° and T on > 60 % at 60°. Balancing the film’s viewing angle and working temperature is anticipated to enhance its applicability for outdoor smart windows.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2023
·Vol. 33
·期 21
·2211027
·
IF 19
Yuqin Feng,Shancheng Wang,Yaqin Li,Wenxia Ma,Gang Zhang,Ming Yang,Haibo Li,Yongsheng Yang,Yi Long
The common techniques to improve hydrogel's mechanical properties include increasing crosslinking density and forming crosslinked double-network hydrogel, which may cause some hydrogels to lose their smart functionalities. Inspired by entanglement-induced strengthening, a simple approach to introducing hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) fibers entangled with different smart hydrogel matrix systems are reported. Different from the conventional methods which hinder the movement of the polymer network, through entanglement with HPC fibers, the composite hydrogel shows both improved Young's modulus and toughness and more importantly improved smart functionalities including response speed, anti-drying, and anti-freezing capabilities and cycle stability. This strategy provides a new design rule to fabricate durable and strengthened smart hydrogels which can be used in smart windows, sensors, and soft robots.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER COMPOSITES
·
2019
·Vol. 41
·期 4
·1462-1474
·
IF 2.268
Zhuangzhi Sun,Sicheng Liu,Zhaoxin Li,Xi Liu,Mingxing Jing,Fuxiang Qin
Recently, renewable natural electroactive soft ionic actuators have attracted widespread attention to its potential applications in biomedical equipment, soft robots, and micro-nano actuators and sensors, and so on. However, low-energy conversion rates, unstable stability, and slow response speed that severely constrain their practical application. In this article, three kinds of conductive nanoparticles (polyaniline [PANI], polythiophene and its derivatives [PEDOT], and acetylene black [ACET]) are co-doped into the electrodes of chitosan/MCNT/rGO to prepare high performance soft ionic actuators, and specific capacitance, energy density, cycling stability, and conductivity have been significantly improved. Results showed that after doping three kinds of conductive nanoparticles, the electrode has the highest energy density (up to 145.922 Wh Kg −1 ), the highest conductivity (up to 850.91 S m −1 ) and good cycling stability with 82.55% of initial capacitance after 10 000 cycles. After assembling, ionic actuators have the maximum deflection displacement (up to 17.50 mm) increased by 7.6 times and the largest output force (up to 4.795 mN) increased by 2.465 times under power-on excitation for 120 seconds of 5 V DC voltage. In addition, the displacement of ionic actuators with doping ACET electrode is better than actuators with the doped PANI electrode, while the output force of ionic actuators with doping PANI electrode is higher than actuators with the doped ACET electrode. This inconsistency indicates that the three conductive particles improve electrode performance through different mechanisms. This inconsistency demonstrates that the introduction of some conductive particles can enhance the ordered lamellar void structure inside the electrode and specific capacitance, and the introduction of some particles can improve the cycle stability.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Electronics
·
2025
·
IF 40.9
Lu Xiuyuan,Deng Yunzhou,He Siyu,Zhu Xitong,Zelewski Szymon J.,Wang Hao,Ren Aobo,Zhou Xiangyu,Wu Jiang,Li Xiang,Zeng Jiejun,Dai Xingliang,Shen Qibin,Chen Desui,Penty Richard V.,Friend Richard H.,Jin Yizheng
Fast-response electroluminescent devices are crucial for optoelectronic applications that involve high-speed operations. Quantum-dot light-emitting diodes are solution-processed electroluminescent devices with high efficiencies and stabilities, and they are of potential use in such applications. However, their response speed is typically limited by slow charge injection and transport across the organic hole-transport layers. We show that the transient electroluminescent responses of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes are influenced by their excitation history in pulsed operations. As the pulse interval decreases, this results in an increased response speed and the emergence of another fast-response electroluminescent channel, indicating the presence of excitation-memory effects. We show that these dynamics are due to deep-level hole traps in the organic hole-transport layers with fast charge-trapping and slow charge-detrapping characteristics. We develop a low-capacitance micro-quantum-dot light-emitting diode that exploits the excitation-memory-induced fast-response channel. The device, which has a −3 dB bandwidth of up to 19 MHz, exhibits an electroluminescent modulation frequency of 100 MHz and data-transmission rates of up to 120 Mbps with sub-picojoule energy consumption.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光电子学
·
半导体物理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Smart Materials and Structures
·
2023
·Vol. 32
·期 6
·065014
·
IF 4.1
Tianjie Hou,Shufen Wang,Jianmin Li,Yu Wang,Yang Zhang,Lei Cao,Shixian Xiong,Lanlan Fan,Feng Gu
Intelligent actuators offer a lot of potential for use in soft robots, artificial muscles, sensors since it can alter shape in response to external stimuli. However, the stiffness of the material and the constrained specific surface area brought on by the dense stacking of materials restrict the response of the conventional humidity-responsive actuators. Herein, optimal humidity-responsive actuators of MXene were developed by designing topologies of heterostructured membrane of stacked nanosheets and 3D wrinkled MXene (3D-MXene). In this configuration, the stacked MXene nanosheets sustain the device's overall strength, while the 3D-MXene layer significantly improves the device's moisture absorption and decreases its stiffness. Importantly, the actuators have been strengthened due to the van der Waals forces at the interface of the stacked nanosheets and 3D-MXene. The fabricated MXene/3D-MXene actuator has exhibited remarkable response speed and deformation ability, obviously superior to any previously reported humidity-responsive actuators. By combining excellent electrical conductivity, the developed actuators demonstrated rapid response for electrical switches. This work highlights the significant potential for developing high performance responsive actuators by designing heterostructured configurations for applications in intelligent switches, soft robotics and synthetic muscles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
智能设备
·
软机器人技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Mengru Geng,Jiaqi Zhao,Jie Li,Boyue Liu,Ruiming Liu,Xiaojuan Wang,Wanlong Song,Mingzhe Shao,Yihao Luan,Qun Li,Meng Gao,Fengshan Zhang,Xiaosen Pan,Ning Ma,Guigan Fang
Hydrophilic cellulosic materials exhibit extraordinary effectiveness on sensitivity of humidity. However, the fibril network in fiber walls hinders both permeability and desorption of water, resulting in to weak their responsiveness and recoverability to humidity. Here, structural optimization is achieved by modulating interfacial bonding, resulting in an unprecedented increment in the response-recovery speed of cellulosic humidity sensors. Precisely, hydrolyzable thiol silane is introduced between cellulose nanofibers and carbon nanotubes for a covalent interface, which promotes a dense structure under evaporation induction (76.33 % reduction in thickness), avoiding the deep penetration of water. In addition, Cs 2 SnCl 6 perovskites are loaded by means of strong coordination to boost the chemical dissociation of water molecules, further enhancing the responsiveness and sensitivity of devices. The as-prepared sensor exhibits excellent response/recovery speed (1.8 s / 2.9 s) between 11 % RH to 95 % RH, which is ahead of cellulosic humidity sensors developed in the past three years, as well as satisfactory sensitivity (5.35 × 10 6 %), hysteresis (< 1 % RH), and stability (over 90 days). For application purposes, skin moisture, breathing patterns, and word syllables can be accurately identified. Moreover, it can monitor respiratory rate and amplitude stably during long-term exercise, indicating remarkable potential in human physiological humidity monitoring.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
·
2022
·
IF 6.888
Xiao Zhao,Shimao Wang,Fuwei Zhuge,Yanan Song,Toru Aoki,Weiwei Dong,Mengyu Fu,Gang Meng,Zanhong Deng,Ruhua Tao,Xiaodong Fang
Considering the disadvantages of the common methods for CsPbBr3 single crystal growth including the high cost of the melt method and the low shape controllability of the solution method, a facile hot-pressed (HP) approach has been introduced to prepare CsPbBr3 wafers. The effects of HP temperature on the phase purity of HP-CsPbBr3 wafers and the performance of the corresponding photodetectors have been investigated. The HP temperature for preparing phase-pure, shape-regular, and dense CsPbBr3 wafers has been optimized to be 150 °C, and the HP-CsPbBr3 wafer based planar-type photodetectors exhibit an ultrasensitive weak light photoresponse. Under the illumination of a 530 nm LED with a light power density of 1.1 μW cm–2, the responsivity, external quantum efficiency, and detectivity of the devices reach 19.79 A W–1, 4634%, and 2.14 × 1013 Jones, respectively, and a fast response speed with a rise time of 40.5 μs and a fall time of 10.0 μs has been achieved.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光电子学
·
纳米技术
·
固体物理
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）