POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2022
·
IF 5.204
Ben Hu,Jun Wang,Jingsheng Wang,Shuang Yang,Chang Li,Fengyi Wang,Siqi Huo,Pingan Song,Zhengping Fang,Hao Wang
This work reported a flame-retardant single-component epoxy resin via the integration of two bisphenol-A-type epoxy resins (E20 and E53) and benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene (BICP). The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests showed that the onset curing temperature of E53/E20/BICP was 30°C lower than that of E53/BICP due to the catalytic decomposition effect of E20 towards BICP under heating. Besides, the shelf life of E53/E20/BICP at room temperature reached ∼40 days, demonstrating good storage stability. E53/E20/BICP maintained satisfactory thermal properties and showed outstanding flame retardancy with a UL-94 V-0 classification. Compared with the unmodified EP sample, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of E53/E20/BICP were decreased by ∼64.1% and ∼39.0%, respectively. Hence, this flame-retardant single-component EP with satisfactory comprehensive properties exhibited great potential for versatile industrial applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 55
·期 24
·10558-10571
·
IF 3.553
Zhan Wenwei,Fu Xue,Wang Feng,Zhang Wenqing,Bai Gang,Xiao Wei,Zhou Aosong,Sui Gang,Yang Xiaoping
Aromatic amine modified 3D porous graphene aerogel was prepared through chemical reduction and self-assembly of graphene oxide sheets in one step by using diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) as a reducing agent, modifying agent, and curing agent. Subsequently, the DDM-modified graphene aerogel (DGA) was fully infiltrated with epoxy resin to obtain the DGA/epoxy composites. The abundant amine groups derived from DDM on the DGA can react with epoxy resin to strengthen the interfacial interaction, further promoted the curing behaviors by significantly lowering the reaction activation energy. The reinforcement of interfacial interaction and well-interconnected frameworks enhanced the effective transfer of stress and electrons in the resulting composites. Thus, the resulting DGA/epoxy composites exhibited excellent compressive properties and high electrical conductivity. This study presented a facile technique for preparing porous graphene aerogel, which simultaneously improved the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of epoxy composites, and overcame the issues of dispersion and interfacial interaction of traditional nanofillers.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Communications
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Zhiyi Guo,Xudong Wang,Athar Ali Khan Gorar,Zhongcheng Pan,Wenbin Liu,Jun Wang
A bio-based triphenol compound (GVT) was prepared using vanillin and guaiacol from biomass as starting materials. Then, 4-nitrophthalonitrile was used to obtain a new bio-based trifunctional phthalonitrile monomer (GVTP) through nucleophilic substitution reaction in a green solvent. The successful preparation of GVT and GVTP was proved by hydrogen and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). 4-(4-aminophenoxy)phthalonitrile (APPN) was chosen as the curing agent. Tests were carried out using FT-IR, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), and rheometer. The results showed that the prepolymer had a wide processing window and low melt viscosity at 220.5 ℃ (0.404 Pa·s). The cured resin had a high glass transition temperature ( T g ) (402 °C). When the post-curing temperature is 375 °C, the temperatures at 5 % weight loss ( T 5 ) are 521 °C. This research offers an environmentally friendly method for effectively using bio-based aldehydes and bio monophenols, and the prepared resin offers the benefits of carbon reduction and renewability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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有机化学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Sustainability
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 13
·6201
·
IF 3.3
Jiayao Yang,Jie Fei,Xingxing Wang
The dependence of conventional epoxy resins on fossil fuels and the environmental and health hazards associated with bisphenol A (BPA) demand the creation of sustainable alternatives. Because lignin is a natural resource and has an aromatic ring skeleton structure, it could be used as an alternative to fossil fuels. This study effectively resolved this challenge by utilizing a sustainable one-step epoxidation process to transform lignin into a bio-based epoxy resin. The results verified the successful synthesis of epoxidized bamboo lignin through systematic characterization employing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen spectroscopy/two-dimensional heteronuclear single-quantum coherent nuclear magnetic resonance, quantitative phosphorus spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. Lignin-based epoxy resins had an epoxy equivalent value of 350–400 g/mol and a weight-average molecular weight of 4853 g/mol. Studies on the curing kinetics revealed that polyetheramine (PEA-230) demonstrated the lowest apparent activation energy (46.2 kJ/mol), signifying its enhanced curing efficiency and potential for energy conservation. Mechanical testing indicated that the PEA-230 cured network demonstrated the maximum tensile strength (>25 MPa), whereas high-molecular-weight polyetheramine (PEA-2000) imparted enhanced elongation to the material. Lignin-based epoxy resins demonstrated superior heat stability. This study demonstrates the conversion of bamboo lignin into bio-based epoxy resins using a simple, environmentally friendly synthesis process, demonstrating the potential to reduce fossil resource use, efficiently use waste, develop sustainable thermosetting materials, and promote a circular bioeconomy.
研究领域:
高分子化学
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材料科学
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环境科学
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化工
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Shengwu Huang,Yanhui Li,Ping Yang,Pengfei Sheng,Jun Ou,Turui Ning,Shanghua Wu
Digital light processing is a vital additive manufacturing technology used for manufacturing ceramic parts. The particle size distribution of ceramic suspensions significantly affects the cure behaviour and mechanical properties of ceramics. In this study, the cure behaviour and mechanical properties of Si 3 N 4 ceramics with a bimodal particle size distribution were studied. The results indicated that the suspension with coarse particles had a higher cure depth for a lower absorbance but poor mechanical properties. The bending strength of the samples with the optimal ratio (coarse:fine particles = 3:7) reached a maximum of 728.7 ± 10.33 MPa, which is 16.5% higher than that of the samples prepared using only fine particles.
研究领域:
材料科学
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增材制造
·
陶瓷工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Advances in Civil Engineering
·
2021
·
IF 1.924
Xiaofeng Yu,Lizong Liu,Yuchao Wang,Guangfeng Bai,Yu Zhang
During the grouting operation in the underground coal mine, abnormal curing behaviors such as foaming and drainage often lead to the loss of reinforcement effect of the polyurethane/water glass (PU/WG) materials on coal walls and even cause safety accidents. Herein, three kinds of PU/WG grouting materials were successfully prepared by changing the type of catalysts, which were the normal sample (C7), the foaming sample (C14), and the sample with drainage (C17) during curing. The structure, thermal stability, and compressive strength of the three samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and pressure testing machine. The results showed that the abnormal curing behavior had little effect on the thermal stability of the material, but it had a significant effect on the microstructure and compressive strength of the consolidated body. C7 exhibited a typical three-phase distribution, in which the polysilicate microspheres encapsulated by acicular carbonate were embedded in the polymer continuum. The structure of C7 had high rigidity and hardness, and the compressive strength was up to 43 MPa. The three-phase structure of C14 disappeared gradually with the increase of catalyst content, the hard block material and matrix are porous, and the compressive strength was only 2.7 MPa. The organic polymer of C17 existed in the form of microsphere and distributed irregularly in the continuum composed of inorganic components, and the compressive strength was 4.9 MPa. The abnormal solidification behavior such as foaming and drainage made the water glass/polyurethane material lose its basic mechanical properties, which cannot meet the needs of grouting reinforcement in coal mines. Therefore, the type of catalyst had a significant impact on the stability of the system, and it is necessary to avoid selecting catalysts that are likely to cause abnormal solidification during formulation research.
研究领域:
矿业工程
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2015
·Vol. 5
·期 21
·15930-15939
·
IF 3.84
Jun Deng,Xiaoqing Liu,Chao Li,Yanhua Jiang,Jin Zhu
A bio-based epoxy monomer, diglycidyl ester of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (DGF) was synthesized for the first time from the renewable 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). For comparison study, its petroleum-based counterpart, diglycidyl ester of terephthalic acid (DGT) was also prepared. Their chemical structures were confirmed in detail by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and FT-IR before they were cured by methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (MHHPA) and poly(propylene glycol)bis(2-aminopropyl ether) (D230), respectively. The curing behaviors were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermal mechanical properties and thermal stabilities of the cured resins were evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results showed that DGF displayed higher curing activity, elevated glass transition temperature and similar mechanical properties compared with those of the cured DGT. This study indicated that FDCA had a huge potential to replace the petroleum-based terephthalic acid in the synthesis of epoxy resins with satisfactory performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 141
·期 2
·e54792
·
IF 3
Qian Chen,Dayong Ren,Weichen Sheng,Kan Zhang
Two novel bio-based benzoxazine monomers containing imide or amide group (HPIDD-fa and HPBA-fa) were synthesized from raw materials of benzoyl chloride/phthalic anhydride, tyramine, furfurylamine and paraformaldehyde via a two-step reaction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies were performed to characterize the structures of the benzoxazine monomers. The curing behavior was investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and in situ FT-IR, and the DSC results indicate that the peak curing temperatures of HPIDD-fa and HPBA-fa are centered at 248.5 and 230.1°C, respectively. In addition, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) suggests that the newly developed bio-based benzoxazine-derived polybenzoxazines present excellent thermal stability with T d10 (temperature at 10% weight loss) of 385 and 368°C for poly(HPIDD-fa) and poly(HPBA-fa), respectively. The current investigation suggests that our newly obtained bio-based thermosetting resins are promising materials for high-tech applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2018
·
IF 3.741
Yue Han,Donghao Tang,Guangxing Wang,Ying Guo,Heng Zhou,Wenfeng Qiu,Tong Zhao
Low melting phthalonitrile monomers containing allyl and/or methoxyl groups were designed, synthesized and characterized. In order to evaluate their potential application in phthalonitrile resins, these monomers were blended with 1,3-bis(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)benzene and 4-(4-aminophenoxy)phthalonitrile, then cured into polymers. Curing mechanisms of different prepolymers were proposed and compared, and processability, thermal and mechanical properties were characterized. The introduction of methoxyl units was found to postpone the curing, and thermal properties were slightly compromised. On the contrary, the usage of allyl was beneficial to both processability and thermal properties. More importantly, the impact strength for allyl-containing polymers could be as high as 13.63 kJ m −2 , indicating such resin could be applied as high temperature structural composite matrices.
研究领域:
高分子化学
·
材料科学
·
复合材料
·
热固性树脂
·
高性能聚合物
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2018
·Vol. 68
·期 4
·724-734
·
IF 2.352
Yang Liu,Zheng-zhou Liu,Wei-feng Peng,Zheng Lu,Jiang-huai Hu,Ke Zeng,Gang Yang
Two novel tetrahydrophthalic anhydride end-capped imide compounds (THAN and THBN) with high thermal stability were synthesized to promote the curing reaction of 1,3-bis(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)benzene (3BOCN), and to study the effects of comonomer structure on the curing behavior and thermal performance of phthalonitrile resins. The curing behaviors of THAN/3BOCN and THBN/3BOCN blends with various molar ratios were investigated using rheological analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, suggesting a wide processing window. Dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the cured resins possessed high glass transition temperatures (> 500 °C), and superior thermal and long-term thermo-oxidative stabilities with weight retention of 95% ranging from about 544 to 558 °C in both nitrogen and air. All these results indicated that the processability and thermal properties of phthalonitrile resins could be improved further by modifying the structure of comonomer in this kind of curing system. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 20
·12427-12435
·
IF 4.036
Jin Zhang,Lu Tan,Hongxing Dong,Wenshan Qu,Jianguo Zhao
The surfactant-assisted preparation of carbon nanotube (CNT)/polymer composites has attracted the attention of scientists around the world. Here, CNT/epoxy nanocomposites were prepared using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The effect of CMC on the curing behaviors of epoxy resin (E44) and CNTs/E44 was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The curing kinetics of the CMC/CNTs/E44 systems were examined using methods where the activation energy (E) is a constant and where E is a variable, respectively. The change of E with the conversion (α) was calculated using the Starink isoconversional method. For the E44 system, a significant variation of E was observed when the conversion increased from 0.05 to 0.95. The E variable method was introduced to this system to describe this phenomenon. In contrast to the method where E is a constant, the E variable method has better agreement with the experimental data. With these two methods, the curing kinetics of the CMC/CNTs/epoxy system can be understood comprehensively and accurately. Ultimately, the dynamic mechanical properties of neat E44, CMC/E44 and CMC/CNTs/E44 were investigated and compared, which showed that CMC/E44 had a higher storage modulus (Em) than the neat E44 and CMC/CNTs/E44 systems, and the CMC/CNTs/E44 system had a higher glass transition temperature (Tg) and damping factor (tan δ) than the neat E44 and CMC/E44 systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 61
·期 5
·422-431
·
IF 3.046
Feifan Wu,Jun Wang,Jingsheng Wang,Kaiwen Chen,Shuang Yang,Siqi Huo,Hao Wang
In this study, a well-designed benzimidazolyl-substituted cyclotriphosphazene (BICP) was used as a versatile additive to enhance the integrated performances of bisphenol A-aniline based benzoxazine (BA-a). Our results showed that the BA-a/BICP systems possessed lower curing temperature than virgin BA-a due to the catalytic action of tertiary amines in BICP. Moreover, the thermal resistance of BA-a/BICP thermosets was better than that of BA-a thermoset because of the rigid structure and high thermal stability of BICP. The introduction of BICP significantly enhanced the fire safety of BA-a. For instance, the limiting oxygen index and UL-94 rating of BA-a/BICP-11 sample with 11 wt% of BICP were up to 35.2% and V-0. Compared with BA-a, the total smoke production and peak smoke production rate of BA-a/BICP-17 sample with 17 wt% of BICP were reduced by 36.5% and 39.3%, respectively. The improved fire safety of BA-a/BICP sample was mainly due to the condensed-phase effect of BICP. This work provides a simple strategy for the development of advanced benzoxazine resins with low curing temperature, great thermal properties, and superior fire safety. Graphical
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）