Nano Energy
·
2024
·
IF 16.8
Shangjing Li,Erqi Yang,Yiyi Li,Xiwei Mo,Zewen Chen,Zhengui Zhou,Guangming Tao,Yi Long,Bin Hu
Effective management of both near-infrared (NIR) radiation and long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) thermal emission through window design holds tremendous promise for achieving carbon neutrality in the building sector. Compared to the traditional static low emissivity (Low-E) and solar regulating windows, emerging emissivity-altering windows can better adapt to varied weather. However, dynamic windows with self-adaptive solar radiation and emissivity control have long been challenging, primarily due to the intricate broadband spectrum manipulation requiring sophisticated material design. Herein, by employing the NIR transparent hydrogen-doped In 2 O 3 (IHO) as a function layer ( ε = 0.13, T NIR = 79.8 %), we present a broadband self-adaptive radiative thermal management (SRTM) window based on Fabry-Perot resonator. Compared to the common tin-indium oxide (ITO)-based counterpart, the IHO-based SRTM window shows a 70 % enhancement in NIR power regulation ability (10.9 %) with remaining emissivity regulation ability (0.26). It contributes significantly to energy conservation offering an annual energy saving and equivalent CO 2 emissions reduction of up to 20 % (411 MJ·m −2 ) and 244 tons/yr, compared to traditional Low-E windows globally.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
建筑技术
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Guangyou Liu,Jie Liu,Qitian Fan,Yunhe Liu,Zheng Zeng,Zhuohang Li,Xinzao Wu,Mingyang Yang,Bo-Ru Yang
Smart windows can dynamically control the optical transmittance of natural light and efficiently reduce the energy consumption of buildings. Currently, the practical application of smart windows is limited by high power consumption, low transmittance, and complicated preparation process. Developing smart windows with fast response and high transmittance is challenging. Herein, we fabricated a smart window based on electrophoretic display (EPD) technology, which can switch between white and transparent states by changing the stacking states of the electrophoretic particles on electrodes. To further increase the transmittance of the smart window, the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrophilic layer was spin-coated on the electrode to reduce the adhesion of particles. Compared with other EPD smart window technologies, our device exhibits the fastest response time of up to 375 ms at 30 V, high transmittance of up to 78% at 632 nm, and a high contrast ratio of up to 89. In addition, to reduce the particle’s lateral diffusion and improve our device's stability, the microcup array was aligned on the interdigital electrode. The particles can be driven and stacked onto the side walls of the microcup to achieve a transparent state. This work demonstrated that the EPD device would provide a promising future for practical smart windows with high transmittance and fast response time.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Jiahui Tao,Shouqin Tian,Bin Li,Tingfeng Ma,Longxiao Zhou,Xiujian Zhao
Thermochromic hydrogel-based smart windows (SWs) have received wide attention due to their high solar energy modulation efficiency by switching transparent and opaque state in the visible region. However, SWs are opaque to visible light rather than near-infrared (NIR) light at high temperatures, and the very limited NIR modulation greatly limits their energy-saving effect and practicality. Herein, we propose a reversible photo-thermochromic hybrid smart window (SW) consisting of photochromic W 18 O 49 and thermochromic polyacrylamide-poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PAM-PNIPAM) hydrogel to address above issues. It enables graded and dual-band sunlight regulation. In the initial state, the SW is transparent to visible and NIR light with luminous transmittance ( T lum ) of 79.49 %. As solar irradiation increases, it gradually blocks near-infrared light and maintains T lum due to the ultraviolet (UV)-triggered photochromic effect of W 18 O 49 . The increase in indoor temperature is delayed. When the solar irradiation reaches the maximum, the increase in ambient temperature and the photothermal effect of colored W 18 O 49 trigger the thermochromism of the hydrogel, thus the full-band sunlight is blocked and the sunlight transmittance is 0 %. The SW can reduce indoor temperature by 8.5 °C. This work sheds light on saving energy by fully utilizing solar energy through muti-mode switching in hybrid SW.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 18.5
Weihao Meng,Augustinus J.J. Kragt,Xiaowen Hu,Julia S. van der Burgt,Albertus P.H.J. Schenning,Yuchen Yue,Guofu Zhou,Laifeng Li,Ping Wei,Wenyu Zhao,Yong Li,Jingxia Wang,Lei Jiang
Photochromic smart windows have drawn increasing attention as an approach to improve building energy efficiency and enhance indoor daylight comfort. However, existing photochromic smart windows still block sunlight from entering the room on sunny winter days, causing additional energy consumption for heating. Herein, a dual-mode smart window is designed with decoupled photo and thermal functions by combining colorless Fe-doped WO 3 photochromic film with window rotation. Based on this, selective heating and cooling of the room between winter and summer is achieved while maintaining the daylight comfort benefits during all seasons. As a proof of concept, the smart window reduces the temperature of a model house by up to 7.9 °C in summer mode, while in winter mode the temperature is only reduced by 0.7 °C. The proposed seasonally adaptive dual-mode smart window obtains by window rotation overcomes the limitations of conventional photochromic smart windows, which not only achieves better energy efficiency but also retains improved daylight comfort. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the heat absorbed by the smart window can be harnessed to produce electricity through the integration of thermoelectric modules within the glazing, which enhances its impact on reducing energy consumption.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
建筑节能
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2025
·
IF 9.5
Chunhao Li,Aojue Ke,Huifang Shen,Xinya Zhang
Smart windows have attracted significant attention due to their potential for energy conservation. However, their practical applications are limited by the monotonous color variation and poor near-infrared (NIR) shielding performance. In this study, a novel smart window was constructed by integrating a crack-free photonic crystal array (100 mm×100 mm) with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and antimony tin oxide (ATO) nanoparticles. The photonic band gap of the photonic crystal array endows the smart window with unique visible light modulation properties and temperature indication functionality, enabling dynamic color variation at various surrounding temperatures. The smart window exhibits excellent solar light modulation (ΔTsol=38%) and NIR transmittance (TIR=30%), which is attributed to the synergistic effect of ATO nanoparticles and PNIPAm hydrogel. The incorporation of CMC enhances the optical modulation capability and durability of the PNIPAm hydrogel. Due to the heat-absorbing and NIR absorption properties of ATO nanoparticles and the thermochromic and heat insulation characteristics of PNIPAm hydrogel, the smart window achieves a maximum temperature difference of 7.2 °C compared with normal glass. This work provides a novel strategy for constructing smart windows based on photonic crystals, demonstrating great potential in temperature monitoring, heat insulation, and other applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Liangmiao Zhang,Yi Du,Fang Xia,Yanfeng Gao
Electric-/thermal-dual-responsive smart windows, which can change color by heat and electricity simultaneously or separately, show excellent modulation ability of solar radiation. In this work, H + or Li + doped HPC-PAA hydrogel, which undergoes a thermochromism transition from a highly transparent state to a milky white state in the UV–vis-NIR range, was used as a novel electrolyte for smart windows with a three-layer sandwiched structure (ITO glass, H + /Li + doped HPC-PAA thermochromic hydrogel electrolyte, and WO 3 -coated ITO glass). The assembled smart windows allow four switches, namely highly transparent state, thermochromic state (milky white state), electrochromic state (blue color state), and double-colored state (fully nontransparent state), realized by the synergy between thermochromism due to the hydrogel layer and electrochromism due to the WO 3 layer. In such smart windows, zero-transmittance (absolute private state) can be achieved for application in private circumstances. More importantly, these electric-/thermal-dual-responsive smart windows also show excellent heat regulation ability under colored states, a highly desirable property for their applications in building facades, energy harvesting, privacy protection, and color display.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源与环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2014
·Vol. 2
·期 19
·3812-3819
·
IF 0
Yijie Zhou,Shidong Ji,Yamei Li,Yanfeng Gao,Hongjie Luo,Ping Jin
Microemulsion technology was introduced to prepare V1−xWxO2@SiO2 core–shell nanostructures with various morphologies (nanorod, nanosphere, and their combination) by controlling the pH of the microemulsion. Flexible foils coated with the core–shell nanoparticles exhibited high optical performance with solar regulation efficiencies up to 12.55, 14.17, and 12.90% and fairly high visible transmittance of 53.20, 45.26 and 39.41 for 0 at%, 1 at%, and 2 at% of W-doped VO2 particles, respectively. The results suggested that the current foil was very suitable for application in smart windows. Interestingly, W doping did not deteriorate the solar regulation ability, which has not been reported before. The SiO2 shell played multifunctional roles because it can not only depress the aggregation and secondary growth of the nanoparticles during the process of annealing but also obviously enhance the thermal stability of V1−xWxO2. The amazing results provide significant progress in VO2-based thermochromic coating with a Mott phase transition temperature near room temperature and pave the way for practical application to smart windows.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
能源与环境
✓ 已验证
DOI
DYES AND PIGMENTS
·
2022
·
IF 5.122
Ping Yu,Jie Liu,Wenfang Zhang,Yuzhen Zhao,Zemin He,Cheng Ma,Haiquan Zhang,Zongcheng Miao,Wenbo Shen
In this work, a facile approach to fabricating multifunctional smart windows by employing an ionic liquid-doped liquid crystal (LC)/polymer composite was reported. The composite was prepared via an established method of polymerization-induced phase separation while a commercial ionic liquid was doped into the composite as a supporting electrolyte . The smart window, which was prepared by sandwiching the as-prepared composite in two indium tin oxide (ITO) glasses, can exhibit a multifunctional mode. Specifically, the light transmittance and the coloration of the windows were regulated by different external stimuli. The electrically switchable transmittance of the window was achieved by an alternating current (AC) electric field and the window transformed into a transparent state from an opaque state under the AC field. The temperature was also used to realize the heat controllable transmittance, in which the window was turbid at a lower temperature and transparent at a high temperature. The electrically induced coloration of the window was manipulated by a direct current (DC) electric field and the window was changed into a green state from a colorless state under the DC field. This work is expected to open avenues to achieve a promising candidate for multifunctional smart windows with practical applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Zuowei Zhang,Luoning Zhang,Jianjun Xu,Xian He,Baohua Yuan,Chao Chen,Cheng Zou,Qian Wang,Yanzi Gao,Meina Yu,Chuanbao Liu,Huai Yang
Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) is a promising candidate for electrically controlled smart window applications because of its energy efficiency, convenience and other advantages. However, its flexibility and heat management capabilities are not effectively evaluated. Herein, a flexible dual-functional intelligent window based on PDLC composite is designed for this purpose, which integrates Ag nanowires as a transparent conductive electrode (TCE) and Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ -Cs x WO 3 (Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ -CWO) as a near-infrared shielding and air purification layer. Specifically, the as-made smart window can control the transmission of both visible and near-infrared light. Furtherly, it also possesses self-cleaning capability. A series of characterization has been carried out. The resistance of the Ag nanowire layer is measured to be 22.47 Ω/sq and the transmittance reaches 78.8 %. Flexibility test shows that when the bending radius is 4 mm, the resistance value of the TCE changes only 6 % after 500 repetitions, indicating good flexibility and stability. The spectrum examination reveals that the near-infrared light shielding efficiency achieves 80 % and the average transmittance of visible light is 76.7 %. The degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) is used to evaluate the purification performance and result shows that the degradation percentage reaches 70 % in 120 min. Heat-regulation simulation test discloses that the indoor temperature can be decreased by 10 °C. Compared to traditional PDLC windows, the designed flexible window has broader application prospects in areas of architecture, vehicle glass, military stealth materials and so on.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源与环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Haoyuan Zhang,Jingxiao Liu,Fei Shi,Tianci Li,Haojie Zhang,Dayi Yang,Yi Li,Ziwei Tian,Ning Zhou
The photo-thermochromic materials with self-regulation of solar light transmittance have attracted a increasing attention because of its potential in smart windows and energy-saving field. Here, a novel bidirectional fast self-responsive PVA-PNIPAM/Li m Cs n WO 3 composite hydrogel has been fabricated by coupling the high near-infrared (NIR) shielding/photothermal effect of Li m Cs n WO 3 particles and thermally light-adjusting properties of polyvinyl alcohol-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PVA-PNIPAM) hydrogels. Under solar irradiation, the photothermal effect of Li m Cs n WO 3 particles can drive the phase transition of PVA-PNIPAM hydrogel, thus the composite hydrogel exhibits bidirectional fast self-responsive spectral transmission/shielding switching function. When the Li m Cs n WO 3 (LCWO) particles doping amount is 1.67 × 10 −3 g/mL, the maximum NIR shielding rate of the sandwich structured smart window filled with the composite hydrogel can reach up to 99.77%, meanwhile the smart window can allow part of the visible light to enter the room for day lighting, with the visible light transmittance before and after its optical switching being 67.48% and 16.76%, respectively, and the simulated thermal insulation test results indicate that the thermal insulation temperature difference between external surface of the smart window and indoor air is 30 °C higher than that of ordinary hollow glass windows. Moreover, due to the high photothermal effect/NIR shielding of Li m Cs n WO 3 and specific heat capacity of PVA-PNIPAM hydrogel, the obtained smart window exhibits strong thermal insulation and heat storage capabilities. The photothermal solar transmittance self-regulation mechanism of the PVA-PNIPAM/Li m Cs n WO 3 composite hydrogel has been discussed. This research has a great significance for the development of high energy efficient smart windows.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源与环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2023
·
IF 6.9
Zhu Kou,Jinhui Wang,Xingrui Tong,Pengyang Lei,Yi Gao,Siyu Zhang,Xinpan Cui,Sixin Wu,Guofa Cai
Electrochromic smart windows provide an important route to reduce building energy consumption by dynamically adjusting the transmission of visible and near-infrared light. However, the requirement for an external electrical supply greatly limits their application in energy-saving buildings. Herein, we develop a novel photovoltaic (PV) cell-powered electrochromic energy storage smart window prototype by the combination of nickel-cobalt bimetal oxide electrochromic window and Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (CZTSSe) solar cell, which not only realizes the function integration of self-power and intelligent solar radiation regulation, but also extends its function to energy storage. Specifically, the obtained NiCoO 2 electrochromic films display a large optical modulation (60.0% at 550 nm), fast switching time (7.6/11.4 s), outstanding stability and excellent rate capability. Based on the achieved NiCoO 2 film and TiO 2 film, high-performance electrochromic energy storage smart windows (EESW) were further assembled and demonstrated excellent compatibility with CZTSSe solar cell. Benefiting from the unique merits of CZTSSe cell, the self-powered EESW exhibits excellent optical modulation (56.0% at 550 nm) and fast coloration speed (17 s). Moreover, the self-powered EESW can serve as a power source to drive external electronics. Our exploration of multi-functional smart windows offers an effective strategy to realize a highly efficient low-energy building in the future.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
·
建筑节能
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Yuwei Du,Sai Liu,Yang Li,Xu Chen,Tsz Chung Ho,Luke Christopher Chao,Chi Yan Tso
Transparent wood (TW) has emerged as a sustainable alternative to conventional glass as an energy-efficient window glazing material owing to its exceptional optical transparency and superior mechanical and thermal performances. However, it is challenging to develop the TW-based color-switching smart windows with both high optical performance and mechanical strengths. In this work, an optically switchable and mechanically robust perovskite-coated thermochromic transparent wood (PTTW) is developed for use as smart windows to achieve an effective solar modulation and thermal management. PTTW exhibits a substantial solar modulation ability Δτsol of 21.6% and a high clear-state luminous transmittance τlum of 78.0%, which enable an efficient thermal regulation while ensuring high visual clarity. PTTW also offers enhanced mechanical properties (i.e., tensile strength σtens = 71.4 MPa and flexural strength σflex = 93.1 MPa) and improved thermal properties [i.e., thermal conductivity K = 0.247 W/(m·K) and heat capacity C = 1.69 J/(g·°C)] compared to glass-based smart windows, as well as excellent performance stability (i.e., 200 heating–cooling cycles), manifesting its applicability in real building scenarios. In addition, PTTW also demonstrates a remarkable thermal-regulating performance (i.e., 5.44 °C indoor air temperature regulation) and an energy-saving potential (i.e., 12.9% heating, ventilation, and air conditioning energy savings) in Hong Kong. Overall, this study contributes to the progression toward energy-efficient and sustainable buildings.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
·
建筑技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）