JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
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2022
·
IF 4.601
Yanyan Wang,Lili Lian,Xiyue Wang,Boying Yue,Lan Ding,Dawei Lou
In this study, velvet-like carbon nitride (V-g-C 3 N 4 ) was prepared from urea aqueous solutions by one-step thermal polycondensation. The V-g-C 3 N 4 material was then characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The specific surface area of V-g-C 3 N 4 (60.66 m 2 /g) was 1.8 times that of the carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) prepared by the traditional method. V-g-C 3 N 4 was modified on the surface of stainless-steel wire by a sol-gel technique to obtain a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coating for the extraction of five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from water samples. The chromatography signal of the PAHs extracted using the V-g-C 3 N 4 coating was 1.5 times that when using a g-C 3 N 4 coating, and 5–10 times that when using commercial PDMS. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the linear range of the method developed for the determination of five PAHs was 0.05–100 µg/L, the limits of detection were 0.005–0.012 µg/L, and the recoveries from actual water samples were 85.94–103.47%. Furthermore, the developed SPME device is remarkably durable and can be reused up to 160 times.
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Nanomaterials
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2022
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·1766
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IF 5.719
Qiong Jiang,Shuwu Zhang,Juanjuan Feng,Min Sun
To improve the extraction performance of the silica aerogel, a melamine-terephthalaldehyde polymer was used to hybridize silica aerogel, and the hybridized aerogel was coated on the surface of stainless steel wire to prepare a fiber-filled extraction tube through placing four wires into a polyetheretherketone tube. The tube was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography, then the online extraction and detection were established. Several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were selected as the target analytes. Under the optimum extraction and desorption conditions, the limit of detection was as low as 3.0 ng L−1, and the linear range was 0.01–20.0 μg L−1. The enrichment factors of PAHs were in the range of 1724–2393. Three environmental water samples of mineral water, tap water and river water were analyzed by this method, and the recoveries that spiked at 1.0–10.0 μg L−1were between 80.5–126%. It showed many advantages compared with other methods, such as better sensitivity, faster detection and online analysis.Keywords:solid-phase microextraction;silica aerogel;melamine-terephthalaldehyde polymer;polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons;online analysis
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
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2022
·
IF 8.431
Lingyu Wen,Yiqun Huang,Weiwei Wang,Lige Zhang,Jijun Xu,Zhao Li,Ping Xu,Hongzhi Tang
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as phenanthrene , are a type of organic pollutants that exist widely in the environment. Of the currently known degradation methods, bioremediation is a desirable and feasible option. A novel Diaphorobacter sp. Strain MNS-0 was isolated from saponification wastewater and showed the ability to degrade phenanthrene, fluorene, acenaphthene, anthracene , benzo[ a ]anthracene, or chrysene using phenanthrene as the sole carbon source. Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy analysis of catabolic intermediates indicates that phenanthrene degradation occurs through the phthalic acid pathway in strain MNS-0. Genome sequencing shows that strain MNS-0 has two plasmids and one chromosome containing a presumptive phenanthrene degradation gene cluster. Strain MNS-0 was able to completely degrade 100 mg/L phenanthrene within 40 h and tolerate up to 10 g/L NaCl at pH 9.0, while maintaining phenanthrene degradation activity. We thus propose that strain MNS-0 is an effective degrader for bioremediation of PAHs pollution, even in relatively harsh alkali environments such as saponification wastewater.
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Arabian Journal of Chemistry
·
2021
·
IF 5.165
Qiong Jiang,Juanjuan Feng,Min Sun
Carbon fibers (CFs) were modified with carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) by a facile and fast flame preparation method. CNPs-CFs were observed by scanning electron microscope, and the nano-scaled granular structure on the surface was found. This material was also characterized by Raman microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope. It was placed into a polyetheretherketone tube to get an extraction tube, which was connected with high performance liquid chromatography for online analysis. The tube displayed the effective extraction to several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), based on the possible hydrophobic and π stacking mechanism. Under the optimized conditions (60 mL of sample volume, 2.00 mL min −1 of sample rate, 0.5% of methanol in sample, 2.0 min of desorption time), an analytical method towards these PAH targets was established. The low limits of detection (0.001–0.005 μg L −1 ), satisfactory linear ranges (0.003–5.0 μg L −1 , 0.003–10.0 μg L −1 ) and efficient enrichment factors (1012–3164) were presented. The method was applied to detect trace targets in several water samples and satisfactory results were obtained. The method provided some superiorities over other analytical methods, like online test, shorter time and better sensitivity.
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ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
·
2021
·Vol. 24
·期 1
·436-450
·
IF 5.491
Xiaoyu Qiu,Weiwei Wang,Lige Zhang,Lihua Guo,Ping Xu,Hongzhi Tang
Summary Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous pollutants threatening ecosystems and human health. Here, we isolated and characterized a new strain, Hydrogenibacillus sp. N12, which is a thermophilic PAH-degrader. Strain N12 utilizes naphthalene as a sole carbon and energy source above 60°C and co-metabolizes many other PAHs as well. The metabolites were identified in the catabolism of naphthalene by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and stable isotopic analysis. Based on the identified metabolites, we proposed two possible metabolic pathways, one via salicylic acid and the other via phthalic acid. Whole-genome sequencing reveals that strain N12 possesses a small chromosome of 2.6 Mb. Combining genetic and transcriptional information, we reveal a new gene cluster for the naphthalene degradation. The genes, designated as nar AaAb that are predicted to encode the alpha and beta subunits of naphthalene dioxygenase, were subsequently subcloned into Escherichia coli and the enzyme activity was detected by whole-cell transformation. Capacity to degrade several other tricyclic-PAHs was also characterized, suggesting co-existence of other constitutively expressed enzyme systems in strain N12 in addition to the naphthalene degradation gene cluster. Our study provides insights into the potential of the thermophilic PAH-degrader in biotechnology and environmental management applications.
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
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2021
·
IF 4.094
Lijing Chang,Yanjun Hou,Ju Bai,Haoran Xu,Yuhang Zhang,Shoulei Miao,Cheng Wang
Two electrochromic polymers containing triphenylamine groups with memory storage function were synthesized. The structures of the polymers have been characterized in detail. The polymers had good solubilities, excellent thermal stabilities and high fluorescence intensities. The reversible redox peak can also be clearly observed in the cyclic voltammogram, and the electrochromic color contrast was obvious. In addition, the polymers can also be used as memory storage materials with excellent "write-read-erase-rewrite" performance. Among them, the P2 film presented noticeable color changed from light yellow to pine green during the voltage 0 V–1.4 V, the coloring time was 3.3 s and the bleaching time was 3.7 s, the coloration efficiency was 207 cm 2 C −1 . The ON/OFF current ratio of P2 was 10 3.1 and the threshold voltage of P2 was 0.91 V. The results showed that these polymers have broad application prospects in the field of dual-function materials.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2021
·
IF 10.588
Linfeng Chen,Xike Tian,Yong Li,Chao Yang,Yunjie Huang,Yulun Nie
Simple and rapid sensing of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) remains a great technical challenge due to their chemical stability and structural similarity. Here, a simple, sensitive and cost-effective sensing strategy is proposed to detect multiple PAHs by utilizing the inner filter effect (IFE) and a reusable fluorescent sensor array consisting of four polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite carbon quantum dots (CDs) film sensors. The CDs/PVA films have a wide and tunable excitation range, which provide sufficient spectral overlap with PAHs and ensure the efficient occurrence of IFE. Under different excitations, the diverse UV absorption capacities of PAHs resulted in diverse spectral responses , enabling a unique chemical fingerprint for each PAH. Upon multivariate pattern recognition analysis, the array rendered high-throughput discrimination and sensitive quantification of 16 priority PAHs with 100% classification accuracy and detection limit as low as 57 nM. Moreover, the rapid and accurate screening of multiple environmental samples were also realized with the results consistent with high-performance liquid chromatography . This IFE-based reusable array is readily prepared, green and feasible, which exhibits great potential in environmental analysis and brings an advanced strategy to high-throughput sensing of more pollutants with similar structures and lack of recognition sites.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2021
·Vol. 29
·期 17
·24612-24622
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IF 4.223
Li Zhansheng,Zhao Hongxia,Li Xintong,Bekele Tadiyose Girma
Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are an emerging class of environmental hazardous contaminants that extensively, stably exist in airborne particulate matter and pose harmful effects on human health. However, there was little research about the sources of EPFRs in actual atmospheric conditions. This study reported the occurrence, characteristics, and sources of EPFRs and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM 2.5 collected in Dalian, China. The concentrations of PM 2.5 -bound EPFRs ranged from 1.13 × 10 13 to 8.97 × 10 15 spins/m 3 (mean value: 1.14 × 10 15 spins/m 3 ). Carbon-centered radicals and carbon-centered radicals with adjacent oxygen atoms were detected. The concentration of ∑PAHs ranged from 1.09 to 76.24 ng/m 3 , and PAHs with high molecular weight (HMW) were predominant species in PM 2.5 . Correlation of EPFRs with SO 2 , NO 2 , O 3 , and 12 kinds of PAHs indicated that both fuel (coal and biomass) combustion and photoreaction in atmosphere influenced the concentrations of EPFR. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model results have shown that the primary sources contributed most of the EPFRs and those of secondary sources had a little proportion. Coal combustion (52.4%) was the primary contributor of EPFRs, followed by traffic emission (22.6%), industrial sources (9.6%), and secondary sources (9.2%) during the heating period, whereas industrial emission (39.2%) was the primary contributor, followed by coal combustion (38.1%), vehicular exhaust (23.5%), and secondary sources (9.6%) during the non-heating period. The finding of the present study provides an important evidence for further study on the formation mechanism of EPFRs in actual atmospheric to control the air pollution.
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CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
·
2021
·Vol. 78
·期 12
·4084-4097
·
IF 2.188
Ahmad Manzoor,Ling Juan,Yang Qingsong,Sajjad Wasim,Zhou Weiguo,Yin Jianping,Dong Junde
Seagrass meadows constitute a prestigious ecosystem in the marine environment, providing valuable ecological and commercial services. Among the various causes, pollutions are considered one of the significant reasons for seagrass decline globally. This study investigates the impacts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons mixture (pyrene, phenanthrene, and fluorene) on bacterial communities in Halophila ovalis sediments. The seagrass sediment bacterial microbiome was evaluated in a batch culture experiment by Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Culture-able bacterial strains were isolated and characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results demonstrated an excellent alpha diversity in the original sediments with a Shannon index of (8.078) compared to the subsequent control group (5.908) and PAH-treated group (PAH-T) (4.916). Three phyla, Proteobacteria , Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes, were detected in high abundance in the control and PAH-T groups. However, a significant difference ( P < 0.05) was observed at the genus level between control and PAH-T group bacterial consortia. Pseudomonas, Mycobacterium, Idiomarina, Hydrogenophaga, Alteromonas, Sphingobacterium, and several others were highly abundant in PAH-T groups. Most of the culture-able isolates recovered in this study showed the closest resemblance to previously identified hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. Among the three strains, Mix-16 ( Citricoccus yambaruensis ) and Mix-20 ( Gordonia rubripertincta ) showed a higher degradation of PAHs than Mix-19 ( Isoptericola halotolerans ) in the monoculture experiment. The most increased degradation of PAHs was recorded in the co-culture experiment. The present work revealed that PAHs could act as environmental stress and can influence bacterial community succession. Moreover, the co-culture strategy significantly enhanced the biodegradation of PAHs.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Mingxia Sun,Juanjuan Feng,Jiaqing Feng,Haili Sun,Yang Feng,Xiangping Ji,Chunying Li,Sen Han,Min Sun
To improve the extraction efficiency of carbon fibers (CFs) toward organic pollutants, TiO 2 nanorod arrays (NARs) were grown in situ on CFs. Subsequently, biochar nanospheres and covalent organic framework nanospheres were separately introduced to functionalize the NARs. A sequence of materials was produced by regulating the reactant concentrations and characterized using a scanning electron microscope, an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, an X-ray diffractometer, a Raman spectrometer, and a specific surface area analyzer. The materials were then deposited into separate poly(etheretherketone) tubes for in-tube solid-phase microextraction (IT-SPME). These tubes were evaluated with different types of organic pollutants (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), estrogens, bisphenols, and phthalate esters) using a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography and IT-SPME, and they exhibited diverse extraction performance. The extraction mechanism of each material is carefully discussed, and the structure–performance relationship is also summarized based on the chemical structures and extraction properties of the materials. The most efficient extraction materials for different analytes were discovered and used to develop analytical methods. Three online methods were used to sensitively detect PAHs, estrogens, and bisphenols in real water samples, respectively. Satisfactory results were obtained, including enrichment factors up to 6784, detection limits as low as 0.001 μg L −1 , linear ranges of 0.003–15.0 μg L −1 , and relative standard deviations ranging from 0.2% to 15.2%. The results indicate that these methods have some advantages over previous material-based methods.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2021
·
IF 7.963
Zhengshi Chen,Haiyang Hu,Ping Xu,Hongzhi Tang
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) commonly coexist in contaminated sites, posing a significant threat to ecosystem. Strains that degrade a wide range of substrates play important roles in bioremediation of contaminated environment. In this study, we reveal that Pseudomonas brassicacearum MPDS was able to remove 31.1% naphthalene of 500 mg/kg from soil within 2 d, while its relative abundance decreased significantly on Day 20, indicating its applicable potential in soil remediation . In addition to naphthalene, dibenzofuran , dibenzothiophene, and fluorene as reported previously, strain MPDS is able to degrade carbazole , phenanthrene , pyrene, and 2-bromonaphthalene. Moreover, NahA from strain MPDS has multi-substrate catalytic capacities on naphthalene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, phenanthrene, and 2-bromonaphthalene into dihydrodiols, while converts fluorene and carbazole into monohydroxy compounds according to GC–MS analysis. This study provides further insights into the exploration of soil remediation by strain MPDS and the mining of enzymes involved in the degradation of PAHs.
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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2021
·
IF 4.759
Jinqiu Li,Bin Zhao,Liying Guo,Zhuo Wang,Chun Wang,Zhi Wang,Shuaihua Zhang,Qiuhua Wu
Three novel hypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs) were synthesized via Friedel-Crafts reaction employing 1,3,5-tris(bromomethyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene as alkylating agent, and triphenylbenzene, tetraphenylethylene and p -quaterphenyl as the aromatic units, respectively. The prepared HCPs were applied as solid-phase microextraction coatings for direct immersion extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated and nitrated derivatives in environmental water samples. The key factors affecting the extraction efficiency including extraction time, extraction temperature, stirring rate, ionic strength and desorption conditions, were carefully studied. Coupled with gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis, a new method for determining PAHs and their derivatives was developed. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection ( S/N =3) and limits of quantitation (the lowest concentration for quantification) of the method were in the range of 2.5-25.0 and 7.5-75.0 ng L −1 , respectively. The recoveries of spiked samples were in the range of 73.1-118.3% with relative standard deviations less than 13.0%. The developed method was applied for the simultaneous determination of nine PAHs and their derivatives in environmental water samples, showing good accuracy and reliability.
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