Food & Function
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2022
·Vol. 13
·期 10
·5739-5751
·
IF 6.317
Wenli Huang,Zeyuan Deng,Ling Lu,Yaoming Ouyang,Shuyuan Zhong,Ting Luo,Yawei Fan,Liufeng Zheng
Soluble polysaccharides derived from microbial fermentation of agricultural by-products were considered as potential functional ingredients, primarily having probiotic properties. Herein, soluble polysaccharides (FSRP) were isolated from soybean residue fermented by Neurospora crassa, and FSRP mainly contained rhamnose, arabinose, fucose, mannose, glucose, and galactose, according to GC-MS analysis. To further investigate the protective effect of FSRP against colitis, dextran sulfate sodium induction (DSS)-treated mice were orally gavaged with FSRP (200 mg kg−1 d−1) or inulin (400 mg kg−1 d−1, a positive control) for 7 d. The results showed that DSS-treated mice displayed symptoms of body weight loss, atrophy, and histopathological changes of colon, as well as gut barrier damage, which were recovered after FSRP supplementation (similar to inulin). Furthermore, the beneficial effects of FSRP were linked to a decreased inflammatory response and increased protein expression of E-cadherin, claudin-1 and ZO-1. Illumina-MiSeq sequencing analysis revealed that FSRP increased microbial diversity and altered community structure. Specifically, FSRP could modulate the abundance of inflammation-related bacteria (such as Tenericutes, Clostridia, and Bacilli) to ameliorate colitis symptoms. Therefore, FSRP can relieve DSS-induced colitis, which is closely associated with reduced levels of inflammatory factors, improved gut barrier function and gut microbiota homeostasis.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 7.425
Ding-Tao Wu,Ling-Yan An,Wen Liu,Yi-Chen Hu,Sheng-Peng Wang,Liang Zou
Tremella fuciformis is an edible and medicinal mushroom. Polysaccharides from T. fuciformis have received increasing attention due to their diversely pharmacological activities. In this study, the digestive behavior and fermentation characteristics of T. fuciformis polysaccharides (TFP) were studied. The results revealed that the reducing sugar content, chemical composition, molecular weight, rheological property, constituent monosaccharide, and FT-IR spectrum of TFP were not altered after the in vitro simulated digestion, indicating that it was indigestible under different simulated digestion conditions. However, the physicochemical characteristics of TFP, including reducing sugar content, molecular weight, constituent monosaccharide, and free monosaccharide released, were obviously altered after the in vitro fermentation for 48 h, indicating that it was remarkably utilized by intestinal microbiota in human feces. Notably, TFP could obviously modulate the microbial composition via promoting the relative abundances of Phascolarctobacterium , Bacteroides , and Lachnoclostridium . Moreover, TFP could also increase the production of short-chain fatty acids, including acetic, propionic, n -butyric, and n -valeric acids, after the in vitro fermentation for 48 h. These results showed that TFP was stable under the simulated digestion conditions, but could be utilized by intestinal microbiota in human feces, and might possess the potential to improve intestinal health.
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Food Chemistry-X
·
2023
·
IF 6.1
Liangnan Cui,Jing Wu,Xiang Wang,Xiaotong Yang,Zixin Ye,Kevin H. Mayo,Lin Sun,Yifa Zhou
Even though Cimicifuga sp. is widely used in functional foods around the world, the content and structure of its oligosaccharides remain unclear. Here, we isolated a mixture of oligosaccharides from Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom. rhizomes with a yield of 9.5% w/w. Twenty-six oligosaccharide monomers from the mixture were purified using optimized SEC and HILIC techniques. The oligosaccharides were identified as belonging to two groups by using HPAEC-PAD, MALDI-TOF-MS, NMR and GC–MS methylation analyses. One group belongs to sucrose and inulin type fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) {β- d -Fru f -(2 → 1)-[β- d -Fru f -(2 ↔ 1)] n=1-12 -α- d -Glc p } with a 3–14 degree of polymerization (DP). Oligosaccharides in the other group belong to the inulo- n -ose type FOS {β- d -Fru f -(2 → 1)-[β- d -Fru f -(2 → 1)] m=0-12 -β- d -Fru p } with a DP of 2–14. This appears to be the first time that these oligosaccharides have been purified from Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom., thus providing useful information concerning the utilization of Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom. in functional foods.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 6.1
Simin Liu,Jiamei Liu,Linguo Zhao,Jianjun Pei
Glycosylation, one of the most common and significant modifications in nature, has prompted the development of a cellobiose phosphorolysis route for glycosylation in vivo. However, the process of glycosylation is hampered by the notably low conversion rate of cellobiose. In this work, regulation of the carbon source supply by changing the ratio of glucose to cellobiose improved the conversion rate of cellobiose, resulting in enhancing the efficiency of glycosylation and the production of vitexin. Moreover, three genes (pgm, agp, and ushA) involved in the degradation of UDP-glucose were knocked out to relieve the degradation and diversion of the cellobiose phosphorolysis route. Finally, through the optimization of conversion conditions, we observed a continuous enhancement in cellobiose conversion rate and vitexin production in BL21ΔushAΔagp-TcCGT-CepA, corresponding to an increased concentration of added glucose. The maximum production of vitexin reached 2228 mg/L with the addition of 2 g/L cellobiose and 6 g/L glucose, which was 312% of that in BL21-TcCGT-CepA with the addition of 2 g/L cellobiose. The conversion rate of cellobiose in BL21ΔushAΔagp-TcCGT-CepA reached 88%, which was the highest conversion rate of cellobiose to date. Therefore, this study presents a cost-effective and efficient method to enhance the conversion rate of cellobiose during the glycosylation process.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2023
·
IF 8.2
Ji Zhang,Ziliang He,Yang He,Jing Xie,Guigui Yang,Zhiqiang Niu,Ting Shen,Fu Li
Arabinoxylan (AX) is the predominant non-starch polysaccharide in wheat bran, known for its significant immunomodulatory activity. However, existing literature lacks comprehensive studies on AX fermentation by gut microbiota and its subsequent immunomodulatory mechanisms. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of AX on the composition of gut microbiota and the characteristics of its immunomodulatory activity. For this purpose, an in vitro fermentation system and a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mouse model were established to explore both the in vitro and in vivo effects of AX on gut microbiota and immune modulation . The results demonstrated that AX was metabolized by gut microbes and in turn to promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which concurrently led to a significant decrease in pH. Furthermore, AX treatment significantly changed the microbial composition, elevated the relative abundance of Actinobacteria while reducing that of Bacteroidetes . In the immunosuppressed mice, AX administration improved the thymus and spleen indices, mitigated spleen injury, and bolstered overall immunity. Moreover, AX altered the gut microbiota structure, increasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreasing that of Firmicutes . These findings suggest that wheat bran-derived AX can modulate intestinal microbial composition, improve gut microecology, and enhance host immunity by targeting gut microbiota.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 7.514
Zhi-tao Li,Guo-ao Hu,Li Zhu,Zhi-chao Zhao,Yun Jiang,Min-jie Gao,Xiao-bei Zhan
Highly resistant starch rice (HRSR) is of particular interest in terms of its capacity to deliver short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) to the colon in the prevention of diabetes mellitus and obesity. In this study, HRSR was processed into cooked rice, rice milk, rice cake, and rice popcorn, and the in vitro digestion and fermentation processes were monitored. The results showed that the starch digestibility of the four samples conformed to a first-order two-phase equation, and the resistant starch content of rice cake was the highest (11.98%). Compared with inulin, rice cake had a slower fermentation rate, and the butyrate concentration increased by 67.85%. The abundances of Prevotellaceae , which promotes the synthesis of SCFAs, and anti-inflammatory Faecalibacterium increased. The abundances of Proteobacteria and Megamonas , markers of gut microbiota imbalance, decreased. The results might facilitate the design and production of functional food products for type 2 diabetic and obese patients and improving colonic health.
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Materials Express
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 4
·452-460
·
IF 0
Ren Yanbing,Xu A’man,Tang Qinqing,Yuan Xiao
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), as chronic relapsing inflammatory diseases, are characterized by intestinal progressive injury. In this paper, we presented dietary fiber-based microcarriers capable of absorption by the colon and great biocompatibility for colon-targeting drug delivery
in treating IBD. The particles were prepared by inulin, a kind of dietary fiber that was employed to regulate the intestinal microflora and improve intestinal health, through microfluidic approach. Many kinds of drugs, including budesonide, could be integrated into the particles. Besides,
the microparticles would release activities with the absorption of inulin in colon site, providing the particles capability of colon-targeting drug delivery in treating IBD. It was demonstrated that the microparticles loaded with drug were able to downregulate expression of pro-inflammatory
factors, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulate expression of anti-inflammatory factors, interferon-α (IFN-α), IL-10, significantly repair the intestinal damage, thereby promoting the treatment of IBD. This suggests the great promising value
of inulin microcarriers in IBD therapy and biomedical applications.
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Polymers
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 19
·3314
·
IF 4.329
Rui Peng,Jingjing Zhang,Chungui Du,Qi Li,Ailian Hu,Chunlin Liu,Shiqin Chen,Yingying Shan,Wenxiu Yin
In the present study, the sustained-release system loading citral was synthesised by using PNIPAm nanohydrogel as a carrier and analysed its drug-release kinetics and mechanism. Four release models, namely zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, and Peppas, were employed to fit the experimental data, and the underlying action mechanism was analysed. The optimised system was applied to treat a bamboo mould, followed by assessment of the mould-proof performance. Our experimental results revealed that the release kinetics equation of the system conformed to the first order; the higher the external temperature, the better the match was. In the release process, PNIPAm demonstrated a good protection and sustained-release effect on citral. Under the pressure of 0.5 MPa, immersion time of 120 min, and the system concentration ratio of 1, the optimal drug-loading parameters were obtained using the slow-release system with the best release parameters. Compared to the other conditions, bamboos treated with pressure impregnation demonstrated a better control effect on bamboo mould, while the control effect onPenicillium citrinum,Trichoderma viride,Aspergillus niger, and mixed mould was 100% after 28 days. Moreover, the structure and colour of bamboo remained unchanged during the entire process of mould control.Keywords:nanohydrogels;citral;sustained-release;mechanism;bamboo;anti-mould
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Polymers
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 8
·1295
·
IF 4.329
Hartina Mohd Yusop,Annur Isma Husna Mohd Ismail,Wan Norfazilah Wan Ismail
A new biopolymer–silica hybrid material consisting of inulin and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) for use as an adsorbent was successfully synthesized via the sol–gel method in acidic conditions. The hydrolysis and condensation processes were attained in water/ethanol solution. Three molar ratios of inulin:TEOS (1:1, 1:2, and 2:1) were prepared and dried at various temperatures (50, 60, and 70 °C). The optimized molar ratio of 2:1 with a drying temperature of 70 °C was found to obtain the best morphology and characteristics for absorbent properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed a strong interaction between inulin and TEOS, which was also observed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images revealed the presence of nanoparticles on the rough surface of the hybrid sol–gel. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis showed the amorphous state of the silica network where the inulin existed as an anhydrous crystalline phase. Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) analysis confirmed that the composite was mesoporous, with 17.69 m2/g surface area and 34.06 Å pore size. According to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results, the hybrid inulin-TEOS adsorbent was thermally stable under a temperature of 200 °C.Keywords:adsorbent;biopolymer–silica hybrid;hybrid sol–gel;sol–gel process
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Food & Function
·
2020
·Vol. 11
·期 9
·7433-7445
·
IF 4.171
Jingwen Yu,Yuxiang Fu,Zeyuan Deng,Yawei Fan,Hongyan Li
In this study, soluble dietary fiber (SDF, including oligosaccharides and polysaccharides) of soybean residue (SR) fermented by Neurospora crassa was used as a research object. In vitro fermentation technology was used to analyze the fermentation properties of SDF from fermented soybean residue (FSR). Moreover, the effects of SDF from FSR on the composition and diversity of intestinal microflora of rats were studied by high-throughput sequencing technology. Results showed that the SDF content of fermented soybean residue was 27.21%. The addition of SDF in the range 2 to 10 g L−1 could increase the levels of gas production and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as well as decrease the pH and ammonia N concentration after 24 h fermentation in the fermentation broth compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The animal-based experiments showed that Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the major dominant phyla in all the groups. Compared with the control group, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides of FSR changed the relative abundance and diversity of the bacterial community, and increased the numbers of beneficial flora, such as Prevotellaceae and Lactobacillales. It was shown that SDF of SR fermented by Neurospora crassa had great effects on the intestinal environment and the composition of intestinal flora in rats.
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FUEL
·
2020
·
IF 5.578
Guo Qiu,Biaohua Chen,Chongpin Huang,Ning Liu,Xiuliang Sun
Methods for the conversion of carbohydrates into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), which is an important platform chemical, have been attracted extensive attention. In present study, Sn modified ionic liquid polymer (PIL-Sn) was prepared by one-pot polymerization of imidazole and epichlorohydrin, and utilized as a novel and efficient catalyst for 5-HMF production. The optimal 5-HMF yield of 51.1% with 99% conversion was obtained from glucose catalyzed by PIL-Sn in dimethyl sulfoxide at 130 °C with reaction time of 1 h. This catalytic system can also be applied for the transformation of other carbohydrates with satisfactory yields. The mechanism of PIL-Sn-catalyzed conversion of glucose to 5-HMF has been studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The DFT results showed that the five-coordinated SnCl 5 - as a preferred species played an important role in the isomerization of glucose to fructose. This research provides a new strategy to design efficient catalysts for 5-HMF synthesis.
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Journal of Chemistry
·
2020
·
IF 1.79
Xiaofang Liu,Zhigang Liu,Qiuyun Zhang,Hongguo Wu,Rui Wang
MIL-101(Fe) was explored for the first time for the catalytic conversion of glucose into lactic acid (LA). The as-synthesized MIL-101(Fe) was successfully characterized, and its higher specific surface area, porosity, and feasible acid properties were confirmed to determine the remarkable catalytic activity in glucose-to-LA conversion (up to 25.4% yield) compared with other catalysts like MIL-101(Cr, Al) and UiO-66(Zr). The reaction parameters including temperature, reaction time, and substrate species as well as catalyst reusability were discussed.
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