SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Huayu Liu,Yahui Si,Lijia Liu,Yudan Wang,Fanshuai Gao,Yawen Liu
A hypercrosslinked porous polymer (HCP) containing disulfide bonds (HCP-DS) was synthesized via a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of benzyl disulfide. Subsequently, in-situ cleavage of the disulfide bonds by tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride in HCP-DS enhanced the specific surface area of the HCP, and resulted in numerous paired thiol groups in the HCP (HCP-PSH). As a reference, benzyl mercaptan was hypercrosslinked to produce HCP-ISH that thiol groups irregularly distributed in the HCP. HCP-PSH exhibited an impressive adsorption capacity and fast adsorption speed. The capacity reached 2221.2 mg·g −1 when [Hg 2+ ] = 600 mg·L −1 . The adsorption could rapidly reach 96 % of its equilibrium capacity within just 10 min. HCP-PSH showed great adsorption capacity in a wide pH range, even pH = 0.5, it also showed high adsorption capacity. Additionally, HCP-PSH demonstrated excellent selectivity for mercury ions, even in the presence of competing metal ions, underscoring its potential for practical applications. The material also showed outstanding reusability, maintaining its performance over five adsorption/desorption cycles. HCP-PSH demonstrated superior adsorption performance compared to HCP-ISH without the paired thiol groups in the same adsorption condition, indicating that paired thiols are more effective for mercury ion adsorption.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF DISPERSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2025
·
IF 1.9
Mei Tang,Shunxin Liu,Ping Guo,Zhendi Ma,Xiaorong Hu
As a new class of porous materials, hyper-crosslinked polymers can adsorb heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. This requires them to possess good surface hydrophilicity and active functional groups that can interact with heavy metals. In this research, three polymers, namely MAH-1, MAH-2, and MAH-3, were synthesized via the Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction using phenyl maleic anhydride (MAH) as the monomer and dimethoxymethane (FDA), 1,4-p-dichloro-benzyl (DCX), and biphenyl dichlorobenzyl (BCMBP) as cross-linkers, respectively. The effect of the molecular size of the cross-linkers on polymer yields, morphology, and Pb2+ adsorption property was investigated. The yield of MAH-1 was low, and the product was soluble in methanol. This implied that when the cross-linker molecule was short, the steric hindrance caused by the substituents on the monomer benzene ring impeded polymer formation. MAH-2 formed nanoparticles that extended into thin sheets, while MAH-3 only formed nanoparticles, exhibiting clearly different morphologies. After alkalization, the maximum Pb2+ adsorption capacities of the two polymers, determined by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, were 216 mg g−1 and 134 mg g−1, respectively. Both polymers were applied to treat Pb2+ in simulated battery wastewater with a concentration of 32 mg L−1, and both reduced the concentration to below 0.55 mg L−1, meeting the requirements of the Lead and Zinc Industrial Pollutant Discharge Standard GB 25466-2010 (National Standards of the People’s Republic of China). Additionally, the materials demonstrated good reusability and showed potential for treating lead-contaminated water.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
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2018
·Vol. 47
·期 8
·2561-2567
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IF 4.099
Caili Xu,Min Hu,Qi Wang,Guangyin Fan,Yi Wang,Yun Zhang,Daojiang Gao,Jian Bi
Metal nanoparticles (NPs) have wide applications in hydrogen evolution from ammonia-borane (AB) hydrolysis because they can provide large surface active areas for reactants, and thus produce high catalytic activity. Here, a hyper-cross-linked polymer (HCP-PPh3), which was synthesized through the Friedel–Crafts reaction of benzene and triphenylphosphine, was employed as a support to stabilize Rh NPs. The characterization results revealed that the Rh NPs were uniformly dispersed on the surface of HCP-PPh3, and that they had an average particle size of 2.1 nm. The as-prepared HCP-PPh3-Rh was used as an active catalyst for hydrogen generation from AB hydrolysis. This catalyst exhibited a high turnover frequency of 481 mol H2 (molRh min)−1 for AB hydrolysis under mild conditions. The high catalytic performance of HCP-PPh3-Rh can be attributed to the small size of Rh NPs and the strong interaction between the metal and HCP-PPh3. This work highlights a potentially powerful strategy for preparing highly active HCP stabilized metal NPs for AB hydrolysis to generate hydrogen.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2016
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IF 2.567
Jing Zhang,Chunhong Ma,Xuexi Zhu,Yingzhou Lu,Hong Meng,Chunxi Li,Biaohua Chen,Zhigang Lei
A hyper cross-linked polymer, HCPVIM, was prepared by copolymerization of vinylimidazole (VIM) and divinylbenzene (DVB), whereby three poly ionic liquids (PILs) were synthesized via quaternization of the imidazole ring by hydrochloric acid, n-butyl chloride and 1,4-bis(chloromethyl) benzene, respectively. Their composition, morphology, specific area and thermal stability were characterized, and their adsorptivity for thiophenic sulfurs was studied. The HCPVIM is a mesoporous sorbent with specific area of 675 m2 g–1, and shows much higher desulfurization ability than its monomer analogue, ethyl imidazole, being about 8.0 mg S g–1 for dibenzothiophene (DBT) at equilibrium S-concentration of 900 ppm. Its desulfurization ability follows the order of DBT > benzothiophene> thiophene, being the same order as alkyl imidazole and imidazolium based ionic liquids. Compared to HCPVIM, the PILs are also mesoporous materials but with negligible micropores, lower specific area of ∼180 m2 g–1, and lowering thermal decomposition temperature of about 150 K. The PILs show a complex adsorption behavior for different sulfur compounds. As a whole, quaternization of HCPVIM tends to decrease the desulfurization ability for all sulfur compounds except the protonated HCPVIM for thiophene, which manifests the combinative effects of the decreased porosity and specific area and the increased electrostatic interactions in the ionized sorbents.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
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2023
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IF 5.2
Hongmei Yang,Menglu Xu,Lili Zhang,Weiwei Fang,E. Liu,Huaxin Zhang
A benzotrizole-based hyper-crosslinked polymer (HCP) was employed to load cobalt and prepare a novel metal-containing nitrogen-doped carbon catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of quinoline . The high porosity, large surface area and nitrogen-containing monomer of HCP made a positive contribution to metal loading. Owing to the excellent thermostability of HCP, the original porous texture of HCP was partially reserved during pyrolysis , which resulted in highly dispersive Co species in the N-doped carbon material. The remaining mesopores in Co@CN catalyst during thermal decomposition provided available diffusion channels for substrates, which facilitated their full contact with catalytic active sites and their effective conversion. The prepared Co@CN catalyst achieved a conversion rate of 100% and a selectivity of 100% in the hydrogenation of quinoline into 1, 2, 3, 4-tetra-hydroquinoline in water at 100 °C under 3 MPa H 2 . The as-synthesized catalyst had good reuse performance, exhibiting >95% conversion rate and >99% selectivity even after 12 cycles. Moreover, the catalyst could also be applied to the selective hydrogenation of a serial of quinoline derivatives. The study provided a useful strategy for constructing metal-doped carbon materials which might be applicable for other metals and other reactions.
研究领域:
催化化学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
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2024
·
IF 4.8
Rui Gao,Mengxin Li,Yuanxue Li
This study aimed to synthesize drug-loaded hyper-crosslinked porous polymers (HCPs) under high-temperature, anhydrous, oxygen-free conditions through a Friedel–Crafts reaction. The resulting hyper-crosslinked porous polymers were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption porosity measurements, thermo-gravimetric analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction for HCPs, and the electrochemical properties were investigated. The specific surface areas of the hyper-crosslinked porous polymers reached as high as 1079 m 2 g −1 . We next investigated the use of one of the HCP samples as a drug delivery system and demonstrated its ability to release the model drug ibuprofen. Under selected synthesis conditions, the loading efficiency of the HCP with ibuprofen was 35% (w/w). The release of the drug was also monitored, and 88% of the loaded drug was released within 12 h. The resulting hyper-crosslinked porous polymer can be used as a matrix for the in vitro loading of ibuprofen.
研究领域:
材料科学
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药学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2021
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IF 9.229
Qiyu Liu,Liang Zhou,Di Fan,Mingzhao Guan,Qiaozhi Ma,Song Li,Xinping Ouyang,Xueqing Qiu,Wei Fan
Selective saccharification of cellulose into glucose is a critical step for utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. Molten salt hydrates (MSHs) have shown promising performance in selectively converting cellulose into glucose because of the high solubility of cellulose in the solvent. However, the separation of formed glucose from the MSHs is still a grand challenge. To address this issue, we developed a two-step process, where crystalline cellulose is hydrolyzed into short-chain glucan oligomers in MSHs followed by separation and subsequent hydrolysis of the formed oligomers into glucose under mild conditions. The two-step method provides an easy separation for glucan oligomers from the MSHs without sacrificing the selectivity to glucose. Application of the method for crystalline cellulose is, however, limited to a relatively low concentration, 26.2 mg/mL, because of the formation of byproducts in the MSH that facilitate oligomers degradation. In this work, reactive adsorption was employed to in situ remove the byproducts formed during cellulose hydrolysis in the MSH. It was found that hyper-cross-linked polymer (HCP) made from the polymerization of 4-vinylbenzyl chloride and divinylbenzene can selectively adsorb 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and levulinic acid (LA) while showing negligible sugar adsorption in both water and the MSH. With the reactive adsorption approach, byproducts including 5-HMF and LA were removed from the reaction media under reaction conditions, and their negative effects on oligomer degradation were inhibited. In the presence of the HCP, the obtained glucan oligomer concentration was enhanced from less than 54.2 to 247.1 mg mL–1 when the weight ratio of cellulose was increased to MSH from 1:60 to 1:4, exhibiting an oligomer yield of 69.5%. The HCP can be effectively separated from the reaction media by filtration and regenerated by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide. Application of reactive adsorption with HCP for cellulose hydrolysis in the MSH provides a promising method to produce glucan oligomers and glucose with an improved yield and efficiency.
研究领域:
生物化学
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材料科学
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可再生能源
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2022
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IF 9.136
Jiarui Gu,Yuxin Yuan,Tianxiang Zhao,Fei Liu,Yun Xu,Duan-Jian Tao
Hyper-crosslinked polymers (HCPs) are a category of porous materials with the high specific surface area, abundant pore canal, and tunable structure. A very challenging topic is to fabricate ion-pair active sites into the skeleton structure of HCPs, which can endow HCPs with specific CO 2 separation and catalytic characters. In this work, a series of hyper-crosslinked polymers with the high specific surface area and tunable ion-pair active sites are fabricated by using a one-pot method with simultaneous quaternization and Friedel-Crafts reactions. These ion-pair-containing hyper-crosslinked polymers (IHCPs) are served as adsorbents for selective separation of CO 2 from CH 4 and N 2 . It is found that CO 2 uptake of IHCP-2 reaches 2.87 mmol·g −1 at 273 K and 1 bar, which is higher than that of the same type of ionic polymers that have been reported in the literature. The high CO 2 adsorption capacity is due to the abundant microporous and high specific surface area of as-prepared IHCPs. More importantly, these IHCPs can also be used as recyclable catalysts for cycloaddition of CO 2 and epoxides under metal- and cocatalyst-free conditions, affording corresponding cyclic carbonates in excellent yields. The high catalytic activity is attributed to synergistic contributions of the hierarchical pores and nucleophilic ion pair’s structure. This research provides an alternative strategy for development of bifunctional function materials towards efficient CO 2 capture and conversion.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Science of Advanced Materials
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2024
·Vol. 16
·期 8
·891-898
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IF 0.9
Shi Yurou,Dou Peng,Fu Gaojie,Xie Chenyan,Shen Bin
Adsorption is intensively considered to be the most feasible and economical option for aged transformer oil treatment. In this work, five aminated hyper-crosslinked polymers were prepared from chloromethylated polystyrene–co-divinylbenzene (Cl-PS-DVB) through a two-stage modification
of crosslinking and five different reagents aminating. After modification, the specific surface area (SBET) and nitrogen content (CN) of prepared resins were greatly improved. To evaluate the reclamation performance of resins for removing oxides and contaminants from
aged transformer oils, the total acid number (TAN) and color of oils were mainly examined. The results shown that the prepared resins have superior oil reclamation capacity compared to commercial resin XAD-4 due to their higher microporous specific surface area (Smic) and surface
polarity. Among them, the NHC-R3, which used dimethyltriamine (DETA) as an aminating agent, had the best deacidification and decolorization performance. A series of experiments were designed to investigate the optimal regeneration program conditions for NHC-R3, and the additional electrical
characteristics of the reclaimed oil, including breakdown voltage, dielectric dissipation factor (DDF), and interfacial tension, were measured as evidence that aged oil was successfully reclaimed.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2021
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IF 5.909
Shiwen Song,Jing Ai,Aibin Hu,Guiying Liao,Dongsheng Wang
In this study, we employed hyper-cross-linked porous polymer (HCP-MAH) as precursor to prepare carboxyl-modified hyper-cross-linked polymer (HCP-COOH) through mild alkaline modification. The prepared HCP-COOH had excellent dispersity in water, high specific surface area and abundant pore structures, resulting in highly-efficient adsorption of tetracycline (TC). The TC adsorption capacity of HCP-MAH and HCP-COOH was calculated to be 273.22 mg·g −1 and 418.41 mg·g −1 , respectively. Moreover, both of HCP-MAH and HCP-COOH showed excellent adsorption capacities towards dyes and phenols . The electrostatic attraction, pore filling, hydrogen bond , ions exchange and π-π interaction were responsible for TC adsorption. In addition, it was found that the dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the secondary wastewater could promote the removal of TC, which contributed to higher adsorption removal of TC by HCP-MAH and HCP-COOH compared to that in pure water system. This study not only provided a simple method to fabricate an eco-sufficient adsorbent with rich carboxyl groups for TC removal, but also evaluated the application of the adsorbents in the treatment of water-soluble organic pollutants in actual wastewater, which has a great potential in practical use.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2019
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 11.878
Wang Shaolei,Xu Min,Peng Tianyou,Zhang Chengxin,Li Tao,Hussain Irshad,Wang Jingyu,Tan Bien
Significant efforts have been devoted to develop efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysts for the conversion of CO 2 to chemical fuels. The photocatalytic efficiency for this transformation largely depends on CO 2 adsorption and diffusion. However, the CO 2 adsorption on the surface of photocatalysts is generally low due to their low specific surface area and the lack of matched pores. Here we report a well-defined porous hypercrosslinked polymer-TiO 2 -graphene composite structure with relatively high surface area i.e., 988 m 2 g −1 and CO 2 uptake capacity i.e., 12.87 wt%. This composite shows high photocatalytic performance especially for CH 4 production, i.e., 27.62 μmol g −1 h −1 , under mild reaction conditions without the use of sacrificial reagents or precious metal co-catalysts. The enhanced CO 2 reactivity can be ascribed to their improved CO 2 adsorption and diffusion, visible-light absorption, and photo-generated charge separation efficiency. This strategy provides new insights into the combination of microporous organic polymers with photocatalysts for solar-to-fuel conversion.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
·
能源化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 61
·期 3
·662-668
·
IF 1.917
Jinghu Chen,Lingchang Jiang,Chengyun Li,Wenying Fu,Qineng Xia,Yangang Wang,Yuandong Huang
Light hydrocarbon separation is a crucial process associated with high energy expenditure in the petrochemical industry. The utilization of porous organic materials as solid porous adsorbents for light hydrocarbon separation has found widespread attention because of the advantages of low cost, excellent stability, and good recyclability. Here, we present the facile synthesis of a porous organic material, constructed from pyridine-triphenylborane by using a Friedel-Crafts alkylation coupling reaction, affording the hyper-cross-linked polymer, HCP-B. HCP-B features significant thermal stability, and high surface area. Gas adsorption experiments show that this material adsorbs much larger amounts of ethane, ethylene, and acetylene than that of methane. Ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) calculations also predict that HCP-B selectively adsorbs ethane, ethylene, and acetylene over methane. Both are indicative of the great potential of HCP-B in light hydrocarbon separation.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）