MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
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2022
·
IF 6.044
Jiayin Chen,Zeyun Cai,Tao Xiang,Peng Du,Guoqiang Xie
The high strength and low cost of titanium alloys have led to the development of these alloys for aerospace applications. In this study, ultra-high-strength Ti–N alloys were fabricated by ball-milling (BM) and spark plasma sintering (SPS), and the effects of the nitrogen content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys were studied. TiN powder was used as the raw material for doping the alloys with N atoms, and the N content was controlled by tuning the amount of TiN powder added. The yield strength of the Ti–N alloys increased with an increase in the N content and surpassed 2000 MPa when the N content reached 2.66 wt%. Quantitative analysis using the Hall-Petch equation and Labusch model demonstrated that fine-grain strengthening and solution strengthening worked in synergy to enhance the strength of the Ti–N alloys. The ultra-high-strength Ti–N alloys can be applied in the aerospace field for structure use, such as aircraft engines, fasteners , and burn-resistant materials. The preparation of novel Ti–N alloys validates the theoretical application of ubiquitous elements in titanium alloys .
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高影响因子
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
·
2022
·Vol. 51
·期 25
·9728-9734
·
IF 4.569
Dong Zhang,Shen-Jing Ji,Yu Cao,Nian-Tzu Suen
In this work, we have demonstrated that one can control the intrinsic activity of Ni metal toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by simply alloying Ni with different elements (i.e. Ti, Ge or Sn). The HER activities of Ni3M (M = Ti, Ge and Sn) series and Ni metal follow the order of Ni3Ti (η10 = 68 mV) > Ni3Sn (η10 = 122 mV) > Ni3Ge (η10 = 161 mV) > Ni (η10 = 273 mV). After normalizing their HER performances based on the roughness factor (RF), it was realized that Ni3Ti and Ni3Sn both exhibit higher intrinsic HER activities than that of Ni metal while Ni3Ge displays the worst HER performance. This trend was later rationalized by using density functional theory (DFT) calculation, which showed that blending Ni with Ti, Ge or Sn elements will alter the corresponding electronic structure and bonding scheme. Such a change in the bonding scheme (i.e. bonding state or antibonding state) will influence the adsorption energy of the H atom (ΔGHad) on an active site and is the main cause of the synergetic effect that results in the different HER efficiencies of Ni3M (M = Ti, Ge and Sn). Through the present case study, it was recognized that alloying is a simple yet effective strategy to promote the HER activity of an electrocatalyst. With a suitable combination between elements, it helps single metals (e.g. Co or Ni metal) exceed the limits on their intrinsic HER activities and has the potential to replace noble metals (e.g. Pt, Ir and Ru) in the future.
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高影响因子
Journal of Advanced Ceramics
·
2022
·Vol. 11
·期 9
·1491-1497
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IF 11.534
Liu Yi,Wang Chuangye,Luo Wei,Bai Liang,Xu Yang,Hao Xiaodong,Zhu Jianfeng,Guo Shouwu
The microstructure and morphology of Ti 3 AlC 2 powders not only affect the preparation of Ti 3 C 2 MXene but also have a great influence on their potential applications, such as microwave absorbers, alloy additives, or catalytic supports. However, the synthesis of Ti 3 AlC 2 powders with desired microstructure and morphology remains a challenge. Herein, hollow Ti 3 AlC 2 microrods were prepared for the first time in NaCl/KCl molten salts by using titanium, aluminum, and short carbon fibers as starting materials. It was found that the short carbon fibers not only performed as carbon source but also acted as sacrificial template. Furthermore, it was revealed that TiC and Ti 2 AlC were initially formed on the surface of carbon fibers. The subsequent reactions between the outer Ti, Al and the inner carbon were dominated by the Kirkendall effect which gave rise to the formation of a hollow structure. Based on this mechanism, hollow Ti 3 AlC 2 microspheres and a series of hollow TiC, Ti 2 AlC, and V 2 AlC powders were also successfully fabricated. This work provides a facile route to synthesize hollow MAX phases and may give enlightenment on preparing other hollow carbide powders via the Kirkendall effect in the molten salts.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2022
·Vol. 57
·期 36
·17481-17490
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IF 4.682
Mo Peicheng,Chen Jiarong,Chen Chao,Hu Qiaofan,Pan Xiaoyi,Xiao Leyin,Lin Feng
Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) was synthesized at high temperature and ultra-high pressure, using cBN, TiN, AlN and Ti as starting materials. The effects of CBN content (48–63 wt%) and sintering temperature (1300–1600 °C) on the composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of PCBN materials were studied. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope were used to analyze the phase composition, microstructure and surface crack morphology of PCBN. At the same time, the compactness, microhardness, fracture toughness and flexural strength of PCBN were tested. Research shows that the phase components of PCBN samples are mainly composed of BN, TiB 2 , TiN and AlN. Almost all Ti reacts with cBN during the sintering process to form TiN and TiB 2 phases. When the sintering temperature is 1500 °C, the reaction has been fully completed. When the cBN content increases from 48 to 63 wt%, the relative density, flexural strength and hardness of PCBN increase with the increase in cBN content. When sintered at 1500 °C and the cBN content is 63 wt%, the relative density, flexural strength, fracture toughness and microhardness of the composite are 99%, 820.8 MPa, 6.6 MPa.m 1/2 and 3362 Hv, respectively.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
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2022
·Vol. 32
·期 9
·4270-4282
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IF 2.036
Zhang Kaige,Ding Jianxiang,Ding Kuankuan,Xia Xinxin,Chen Liming,Ma Chengjian,Zhang Peigen,Sun ZhengMing
This work investigates the influence of sintering temperature on phase constitution, microstructure, and properties of Ti 2 AlC-reinforcing Ag-based composite. Part of active Al atomic layer in Ti 2 AlC migrates outward under the induction of relatively low sintering temperature (≤ 800 °C) and then generates the Ti-Al compounds and TiC. By means of elemental analysis, obvious Ag-Al inter-diffusion is detected at Ag-Ti 2 AlC interface at 900 °C and then Al-deficient layer forms around slightly dissociated Ti 2 AlC particles. At elevated temperature (950 °C), more significant interface diffusion and dissociation accelerate the decomposition and oxidation of Ti 2 AlC and subsequently generate mixture of titanium and aluminum oxides (Ti x O y , Al x O y ). The oxides’ agglomeration and residual Ti 2 AlC lead to form network-like and ravine-like structure. The moderate Ag-Al inter-diffusion slightly increases the resistivity (94.59 × 10 −3 μΩ·m), but contributes to improving the interface bonding and mechanical properties (106 HV hardness, 298.6 MPa tensile strength) of Ag/Ti 2 AlC at 900 °C. However, the severe Ti 2 AlC decomposition and oxides agglomeration account for the significant deduction in electrical conductivity (132.79 × 10 −3 μΩ·m) and mechanical properties (87 HV, 222.3 MPa) at 950 °C. A mechanism is proposed to further understand the phase transition, microstructure evolution, and interface reaction of the Ag/Ti2AlC with the elevated sintering temperature.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
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2022
·
IF 4.804
Chen Chao,Mo Peicheng,Chen Jiarong,Hu Xixi,Hu Qiaofan,Lin Feng,Wu Yi
Using TiN-Ti-AlN as the binder, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) composites containing Y 2 O 3 and not containing Y 2 O 3 were prepared under high temperature and ultra-high pressure conditions, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to analyze the phase composition, microstructure and surface crack morphology of the composite material. At the same time, the compactness, microhardness and bending strength of the composite material were tested. The research results show that the phase composition of PCBN sample is mainly composed of BN, TiB 2 , TiN, AlN and Y 2 O 3 at an ultra-high pressure of 5.5 GPa and a temperature of 1500 °C. With the increase of Y 2 O 3 content, the relative density of PCBN first increases and then decreases, and the changes in mechanical properties also tend to be similar. As the content of Y 2 O 3 increases, it can be seen that the peak intensity of the main peak of TiB 2 also increases, indicating that the addition of Y 2 O 3 promotes the reaction between cBN and Ti. When the Y 2 O 3 content is 3.6%, PCBN has the best comprehensive mechanical properties, with a microhardness of 34.56 GPa and a bending strength of 890 MPa.
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ACS Omega
·
2022
·
IF 4.132
Xing-hao Han,Chuan-qi Li,Ping Tang,Chen-xiao Feng,Xin-zheng Yue,Wen-lei Zhang
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) micro-nanostructures are widely utilized in photochemical applications due to their unique band gaps and are of huge demand in scientific research and industrial manufacture. Herein, this work reports a controllable, facile, economical, and green solid-phase synthesis strategy to prepare TiO2 with governable morphologies containing 1D nanorods, 3D microbulks, and irregular thick plates. Specifically, Ti powders are transformed into TiO2 micro-nanostructures through dispersing them into a solid NaOH/KOH mixture with a low eutectic point, followed by grinding, heating, ion exchange, and calcination. As no solvents are utilized in the alkali treatment process, the usage of solvents is decreased and high vapor pressure is avoided. Moreover, the band gaps of TiO2 micro-nanostructures can be regulated from 3.02 to 3.34 eV through altering the synthetic parameters. Notably, the as-prepared TiO2 micro-nanostructures exhibit high photocatalytic activities in the degradation of rhodamine B and methylene blue under simulated solar light illumination. It is believed that the solid-phase synthesis strategy will be of huge demand for the synthesis of TiO2 micro-nanostructures.
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MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
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2022
·
IF 6.044
Zeyun Cai,Tao Xiang,Weizong Bao,Jiayin Chen,Tian Gao,Guoqiang Xie
Pure titanium is an ideal material for tissue replacements and implant materials for its superior biocompatibility and corrosion resistance , but its limited strength remains a major obstacle to its wide applications. A promising strategy for enhancing the strength is to alloy the pure titanium with oxygen. Herein, we reported an oxygen solid solution strengthening for pure titanium by achieving a titanium-oxygen (Ti–O) alloy using ball milling (BM) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The effect of oxygen contents, ranging from 0.33 to 2.08 wt%, on the mechanical properties of pure titanium was systematically investigated. Experimental results indicate that the Ti–O alloy with the oxygen content of 1.95 wt% reached an ultrahigh yield strength of 2026 MPa and showed a large ductility of 11.2% in compression. According to the quantified analysis of strengthening mechanisms, solid solute oxygen atoms are responsible for the balance of superior yield strength and ductility of the Ti–O alloys.
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MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
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2022
·
IF 6.044
Hao Wang,Fei Chen,Jiahao Zhao,Yaojun Lin,Qiang Shen
This paper presents a method of dealloying combined molten salt electrolysis (MSE) to prepare porous Ti alloy. The oxidation produced in dealloying process can be reduced efficiently by MSE. Meanwhile, the grain grew and the second phase of acicular nanocrystals was precipitated to enhance the mechanical properties during MSE process.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2021
·
IF 8.128
Xiaoming Wang,Qianqian Peng,Xilin Zhang,Xucheng Lv,Xin Wang,Yongzhu Fu
Refractory high-entropy alloy nanocomposites (HEA-NPs) are important class of materials with unique structure and potential applications. Although several synthetic methods have been reported, developing novel routes to prepare nanoscale HEA-based catalysts facilely is still urgently desired. This work takes advantage of confinement assisted arc and plasma shock (APS) to prepare a series of HEA-NPs by regulating the type and proportion of metal precursors. The phase constitutes and morphology of the HEA-NPs are fully characterized. The prepared refractory HEA-NPs possesses five highly dispersed metal components, including titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo) and simultaneously exhibits an uniform hexagonal morphology of nanocrystals . By taking advantage of its unique corrosion resistance , TiNbTaCrMo HEA-NPs can function as a promising candidate for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in natural seawater . And its catalytic performance after alloying is significantly enhanced compared with the elemental metal. Theoretically, the promoted HER activity can be attributed to the strong adsorption for the various metal components in HEA-NPs caused by the upshifting d -band center close to the Fermi level . Furthermore, this confinement strategy can be further extended to synthesize other HEA-NPs. Our strategy provides a novel method to synthesize various HEA-NPs for further catalytic application.
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高影响因子
Small
·
2021
·Vol. 17
·期 40
·2103239
·
IF 13.281
Yanhong Duo,Guanghong Luo,Zihuang Li,Zide Chen,Xianming Li,Zhenyou Jiang,Binlu Yu,Hao Huang,Zhengbo Sun,Xue-feng Yu
Nanomaterial-based photothermal and photocatalytic therapies are effective against various types of cancers. However, combining two or more materials is considered necessary to achieve the synergistic anticancer effects of photothermal and photocatalytic therapy, which made the preparation process complicated. Herein, the authors describe simple 2D titanium diselenide (TiSe 2 ) nanosheets (NSs) that can couple photothermal therapy with photocatalytic therapy. The TiSe 2 NSs are prepared using a liquid exfoliation method. They show a layered structure and possess high photothermal conversion efficiency (65.58%) and good biocompatibility. Notably, upon near-infrared irradiation, these NSs exhibit good photocatalytic properties with enhanced reactive oxygen species generation and H 2 O 2 decomposition in vitro. They can also achieve high temperatures, with heat improving their catalytic ability to further amplify oxidative stress and glutathione depletion in cancer cells. Furthermore, molecular mechanism studies reveal that the synergistic effects of photothermal and enhanced photocatalytic therapy can simultaneously lead to apoptosis and necrosis in cancer cells via the HSP90/JAK3/NF-κB/IKB-α/Caspase-3 pathway. Systemic exploration reveals that the TiSe 2 NSs has an appreciable degradation rate and accumulates passively in tumor tissue, where they facilitate photothermal and photocatalytic effects without obvious toxicity. Their study thus indicates the high potential of biodegradable TiSe 2 NSs in synergistic phototherapy for cancer treatment.
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POWDER METALLURGY
·
2022
·
IF 2.228
Ying Zhang,Meng Xiao,Yi-min Zhou,Yi-fu Shen
The eutectic FeNiCoCrTi0.6Nb0.4 high-entropy alloy coating (HEAC) is annealed in Argon at 450°C, 850°C and 1050°C to investigate the thermal stability. The results show that annealed coatings are all composed of BCC solid solution and Laves phase with no production of new phases. The fine eutectic cells can be maintained at a higher temperature in that continuous intracellular coarsening does not occur until annealing at 1050°C. With the increase of annealing temperature, the microhardness and wear resistance of FeNiCoCrTi0.6Nb0.4 coating increase first and then decrease slightly. Especially, the microhardness of FeNiCoCrTi0.6Nb0.4 annealed at 1050°C is only 6.03% lower than that of unannealed one, and the wear rate is only 10.70% higher than that of unannealed one, which strongly indicates that eutectic FeNiCoCrTi0.6Nb0.4 HEAC has excellent thermal stability and can be well applied in high-temperature environments.
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