JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Xuan Liu,Hao Guo,Jilai Xue,Zengjie Wang,Yanan Zhang,Xiang Li
Al-7Si-0.8Sc-0.6Ce alloys were prepared with combined addition of low-cost Ce and high-priced Sc through molten salt electrolysis with controlled cooling process. The phases of as-casted alloys consisted of α-Al, eutectic silicon , ternary AlSi 2 Sc 2 and CeAl 2 Si 2 . Rapid cooling transformed the huge hollow ternary AlSi 2 Sc 2 blocks (300–500 µm) into fine Al 3 Sc particles (dozens of μm), and simultaneously refined the AlSi 2 Sc 2 with reducing its interlayer thickness from 15.26 µm down to 1.94 µm (the cooling rate from 0.05 K s −1 up to 30 K s −1 ). The eutectic Si became fine fibrous-like clusters and the thickness of CeAl 2 Si 2 phase reduced by 62.6 % when the cooling rate reached 30 K s −1 . Micro-hardness measurement and first principles-based calculation were applied for evaluating the individual mechanical performance of each phase in the alloy. The calculated Young’s modulus (E) suggests that Al 3 Sc (E = 168 GPa), AlSi 2 Sc 2 (E = 178 GPa) and CeAl 2 Si 2 (E = 39.2 GPa) can toughen Al-matrix (E = 30.6 GPa). The rapid cooling (30 K s −1 ) strongly enhances all phase components but diminish the huge hollow AlSi 2 Sc 2 blocks (ultrahigh micro-Vickers hardness ∼ 780 HV), making a homogenous Al-RE alloy with improved mechanical property (68 ∼ 84 HV balanced among phase components). The refining mechanisms on the improved mechanical performance are also discussed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
冶金工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Zhaolong Fu,Jie Gao,Meina Guo,Jieliang Chen,Houxing Chen,Weidong Xiao,Peihai Ju,Huimin Xie,Yinhua Wan,Hongdong Yu,Guan Peng,Da Zhao,Kang Hu
Scandium (Sc) is the most valuable rare earth element. However, it remains challenging to achieve effective separation and purification due to its low concentration as a by-product and the similarity of the coexisting metal elements. Herein, a kind of aluminum phosphate containing CO 3 2– is facilely synthesized which possesses high selectivity of Sc(III) against the competing metal ions (Ca(II), Mg(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Na(I), Zn(II), Cd(II)) and the other rare-earth ions. Notably, Aluminum phosphate can selectively capture Sc(III) over Fe(III) with a selectivity coefficient of 1.59. It also can be used to separate and purify Sc(III) from the real wastewater to obtain the purity of 99.0 % Sc(III) with the low cost. The results show that the adsorption process for Sc(III) was the single layer chemical adsorption with a maximum adsorption capacity of 273.9 mg/g. In addition, density functional theory calculations reveal that O atoms played the key role in the adsorption of Sc(III) and the addition of C atoms enhanced the adsorption between O atoms and Sc(III). This work offers a novel aluminum phosphate for the low-cost way for separation and purification of Sc(III) from wastewater.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
·
2025
·
IF 7.2
Lei Shi,Chunlin He,Xinsheng Li
A novel method for scandium recovery is proposed through high-surface area silanol-rich silica sorbents which were prepared with calcium silicate hydrate (C - S - H) as raw material. Two types of silanol - rich silica particles, i.e., LAC-S (silica derived from acid leaching of amorphous C - S - H) and LLC - S (silica derived from acid leaching of low-crystallinity C - S - H) are obtained after calcium ions are removed from both amorphous and low-crystallinity forms of C - S - H through a facile acid leaching process (3 mol/L, 25 °C, 24 h). 29 Si NMR spectroscopy reveals that the proportion of silicon atoms carrying silanol groups increases from less than 43% to over 80% when silica particles are transferred from a dry state to an aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the sorption performance and selectivity of these silica sorbents toward Sc(III).The scandium sorption capacities of LAC - S and LLC - S at an equilibrium pH of 4.2 are 174.45 and 129.57 mg/g, respectively. The separation factors (SF Sc/Ln ) of both silica particles exceed 1000 in the initial pH range of 3.5 to 5. The loaded scandium ions are recovered with 3 mol/L hydrochloric acid and the sorbents exhibit good reusability. This strategy provides an efficient and green method for recovering scandium from aqueous solutions.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2016
·Vol. 18
·期 31
·5940-5951
·
IF 3.849
Jingjing Cao,Li Yuan,Shanshan Hu,Jianfeng Tang,Xianju Zhou,Jun Yang
Monodisperse ScF3 and NaScF4 nano-/micro-crystals were prepared by a simple solvothermal method. There were many important factors including the molar ratio of Na/F/(Sc + Ln) and Ln3+ doping to control the synthesis of the products. A phase transformation from monoclinic ScF3 to hexagonal NaScF4 was observed with different molar ratios of Na/F/Sc. Herein, the products doped with 1% Ln3+ (La–Lu, except Pm) demonstrated abundant phases, morphologies and sizes. Moreover, the products with different Lu3+ doping concentrations from 1% to 60% were prepared. The results revealed that different kinds of 1% Ln3+ (La–Lu, except Pm) and diverse concentrations of Lu3+ can modify the phase, morphology and size of the prepared products. A possible formation mechanism for the products with diverse morphologies is proposed. In addition, Ln3+-doped ScF3 or NaScF4 nano-/micro-crystals presented characteristic up/down-conversion fluorescence spectra.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY
·
2025
·Vol. 61
·期 5
·163-176
·
IF 0.8
Fei Ruan,Lei Chonggui,Wu Xi,Bao Jinxiao,Zhou Fen,Gao Jianquan,Liu Guoqi,Tian Zhen
To gain a more thorough understanding of the conductive mechanism of Sc-doped CaZrO 3 electrolyte, solid electrolyte specimens of CaZr 1 − x Sc x O 3 − δ (with x values of 0.06, 0.12, 0.18, and 0.24, hereinafter referred to as CZS) were meticulously prepared using a high-temperature solid-state method. The phase structure of the electrolyte was thoroughly analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrical conductivity of the CZS electrolyte was rigorously tested within a temperature range of 573 to 1473 K, both in oxygen-rich and hydrogen-rich atmospheres, employing the two-terminal AC impedance spectroscopy method. Additionally, the H/D isotope effect of the electrolyte at various temperatures in both H 2 and D 2 atmospheres was meticulously examined through AC impedance spectroscopy. The electromotive force (EMF) of the electrolyte was precisely measured by a high-impedance ohmmeter at temperatures ranging from 573 to 1273 K. Furthermore, based on crystal defect chemistry theory, estimates were made for the partial conductivities of the conducting species, the active doping concentration of Sc, and the standard Gibbs free energy changes associated with the production of interstitial protons through the dissolution of water and hydrogen within the CZS electrolyte. The results clearly indicated that protons serve as the primary charge carrier in both oxygen-rich and hydrogen-rich atmospheres at temperatures below 1073 K. However, as temperatures rise above 1073 K, the situation changes: in hydrogen-rich atmospheres, oxygen ion vacancies emerge as the dominant charge carrier, whereas in oxygen-rich atmospheres, electron holes take precedence. Notably, CZY stands out as a promising candidate for a proton-conducting electrolyte material, suitable for high-temperature hydrogen sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
固体化学
·
能源工程
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Chemistry
·
2025
·
IF 14.9
Xingxing Chen,Yongli Shen,Fan Yang,Shuang Yao,Wen Zhang,Baojuan Xi,Xuguang An,Shenglin Xiong,Jinhua Ye,Changhua An
Solar-driven hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to the traditional anthraquinone oxidation method. Conjugated polymers (CPs) are emerging as promising photocatalysts for H 2 O 2 production due to their unique electronic, optical properties, and tunable structures. However, the high exciton binding energy of CPs hinders efficient exciton dissociation and charge separation, limiting their photocatalytic performance. In this work, we synthesized scandium (Sc) atoms decorated CPs with enhanced ordered stacking and crystallinity by introducing benzaldehyde as an end-capping reagent. The strong interaction between charged Sc atoms and electrons facilitates exciton dissociation and improves charge transfer capability. Furthermore, the Lewis acidic nature of Sc atoms promotes oxygen adsorption and enhances the stabilization of superoxide anion intermediate ( ∙ O 2 − ). As a result, the as-synthesized photocatalysts exhibit a high H 2 O 2 production rate of 18 μmol h −1 in pure water, which is three times that of pristine CPs. This work provides valuable insights into the design of organic polymer photocatalysts for various photocatalytic reactions.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACTA MATERIALIA
·
2023
·
IF 9.4
Junyan Gao,Peng Liu,Jinshu Wang,Ruimin Zhang,Yunfei Yang,Wenyuan Zhou,Hexiong Liu,Junhao Sun
The size and distribution of Sc 2 O 3 in the composite powder precursor has great effect on the emission property of scandate cathode. By one-step in-situ synthesis method, the composite powder exhibits the structure of quasi-spherical Sc 2 O 3 nanoparticles grown in situ on the surface of W/Ir grains, and the obtained W–Ir cathode with 3wt % Sc 2 O 3 could provide the emission current density of 83.43 A/cm 2 at 900 °C b , which is higher than other W–Ir mixed matrix scandate cathodes and W matrix scandate cathode. The XRD results showed that the high emission ability depended on the high content of active phase α-Ba 2 ScAlO 5 and low content of non-active phase BaAl 2 O 4 . In-situ TEM has been applied to observe the microstructure evolution of the cathode surface at high temperature for the first time. A serial change in the microstructural features of cathode surface and the migration of Ba, Sc and O on the substrate surface has been found, confirming the formation of Ba-Sc-O active layer. The first-principles calculations indicate that the active substances (Sc) are more stable (low adsorption energy of − 8.58 eV) on the IrW matrix cathode surface than on the tungsten matrix cathode surface, which is consistent with the low evaporation rate of the active substance detected by TFMS technique. Besides, the interaction between the active substance and the matrix was strengthened due to more electron transfer of Sc (1.88 e) and Ba (1.45 e), therefore lowering the work function . The feasible preparation technique makes such a cathode promising for applications in high-power microwave devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
·
表面科学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2016
·Vol. 18
·期 41
·8044-8058
·
IF 3.849
Bei Zhao,Li Yuan,Shanshan Hu,Xuemei Zhang,Xianju Zhou,Jianfeng Tang,Jun Yang
Novel chocolate-like scandium molybdate precursors with exposed {001} facets were hydrothermally synthesized in the presence of PVP, which were transformed into morphology-preserved Sc2Mo3O12 crystals by calcination at 800 °C for 2 h. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by XRD, FT-IR SEM, TEM, HRTEM, and PL analysis. Four different types of precursors including prismatic structures, octahedra, truncated octahedra and compressed decahedra could be obtained by varying the amount of MoO42−. Moreover, in the presence of H+, the percentage of high-energy {001} facets could be enhanced. The Mo sources, PVP consumption, reaction time and hydrothermal temperature had significant influences on the morphology of the precursors. As good matrix materials, the tunable down/upconversion (DC/UC) luminescence properties of Sc2Mo3O12:Ln3+ (Ln = Tb, Eu, Tb/Eu, Yb/Er, Yb/Ho, Yb/Tm) were comprehensively investigated. It is found that the materials showed strong morphology-dependent luminescence properties. Particularly, the energy transfer (ET) of MoO42− → Tb3+ → Eu3+ resulted in multicolor emissions from green to red in Sc2Mo3O12:5%Tb3+,x%Eu3+. The Sc2Mo3O12:Ln3+ (Ln = Tb, Eu, Tb/Eu, Yb/Er, Yb/Ho, Yb/Tm) microcrystals show great potential applications in the areas of fluorescent lamps and color displays.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2012
·
IF 2.289
Fang Yuan,Jianxin Wang,He Miao,Cunxin Guo,Wei Guo Wang
The ternary system (Yb 2 O 3 ) x –(Sc 2 O 3 ) (0.11− x ) –(ZrO 2 ) 0.89 ( x = 0–0.11) specimens have been prepared using a co-precipitation method. The properties of this series of samples are affected by the ytterbium element. A stabilized cubic phase is obtained at room temperature by introducing ytterbium and the unit cell parameters show a linear increasing relationship with content of Yb 2 O 3 , which also contributes to abatement of the conductivity from 0.099 S/cm to 0.020 S/cm at 800 °C. However, the conductivity tends to remain a constant at lower temperatures ranging from 500 °C to 650 °C as the addition of Yb 2 O 3 is reduced to below 3 mol%, achieving high up to 0.015 S/cm at 650 °C for a 3Yb8ScSZ body, indicating a potential to be utilized as an electrolyte material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2019
·
IF 3.45
Querui Hu,Yiping Wang,Kang Yan,Lang Chen,Guoliang Yuan,Jing Chen,Ying Yang
The structure and electric properties of 5 mol. % LiNbO 3 doped x BiScO 3 –(95- x )PbTiO 3 (5LN– x BS–(95- x )PT, 26 ≤ x ≤ 41 mol. %) ceramics have been systematically investigated. The composition-, temperature- and electric-field-dependent phase transitions were established carefully by the temperature-dependent dielectric measurements. The results verified that the 5LN– x BS–(95- x )PT system transformed to nonergodic relaxors (NR) phase gradually from normal ferroelectrics (FE) phase with the addition of BiScO 3 contents. With the increase of temperature, ergodic relaxors (ER) phase was observed before the phase transition from FE and/or NR to paraelectrics (PE) phase. By comparing the dielectric responses of the ceramics before and after polarization, it was confirmed that the electric field could induce a phase transition from NR to FE while the ceramics were polarized, which was attributed to the growth of the dipole clusters and the permutation of the macroscopical ferroelectric order under the external electric field. The phase diagram of 5LN– x BS–(95- x )PT system was then built and the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) between tetragonal and rhombohedral phase of the system was identified at 34 ≤ x ≤ 36. The optimal properties were found at the composition of 5LN–34BS–61PT ceramic with piezoelectric coefficient d 33 value of 514 pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling factor k p of 0.47, relative dielectric constant ε r of 2511, and remnant polarization P r of 37.4 μC/cm 2 . The displayed piezoelectric properties could provide alternative compositions with less lead contents comparing with the Pb(Zr, Ti)O 3 based piezoceramics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷材料
·
电介质物理
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Wei-Rong Cui,Qianqian Zhao,Xinghuan Lin,Shuang Liu,Yibao Li,Chunsheng Cai
Using coordination templates within covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can significantly enhance the selective properties of these materials. Herein, 1,4-phthalaldehyde, 2,4, 6-trimethyl-1,3, 5-triazine, and a scandium coordination complex were selected to perform a three-in-one strategy, and a class of stable olefin-linked covalent organic frameworks with coordination templates were synthesized. By adjusting the proportion of organic ligands to scandium complexes, a range of crystalline COFs with tunable scandium incorporation levels has been obtained. Upon removing scandium from the material with the suitable metal content, we achieved a metal-imprinted COF (De-Sc-0.33), demonstrating remarkable affinity and selectivity for Sc 3+ ions, even in acidic environments and amidst competing metal ions (53.56 mg/g). In particular, the skeleton benefits from the characteristics of olefins, and its regenerability and stability in highly acidic environments surpass those of existing scandium adsorbents (with a capacity drop of less than 2 % after 20 cycles), thus holding tremendous potential for the enrichment of scandium in practical applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Small Structures
·
2024
·
IF 13.9
Wenxuan Hu,Bin Hu,Ziliang Wu,Min Zuo,Yihu Song,Qiang Zheng,Guorong Shan,Miao Du
Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are a class of promising cathode materials for supercapacitors. However, the bad cycling performance has always been the Achilles’ heel of LDHs-based supercapacitors. In this contribution, a nonelectrochemical active element Scandium (Sc) is doped into NiCo-LDHs to greatly improve the intrinsic cycling performance of active materials. The trimetallic NiCoSc-LDHs exhibit an ultralong cycle lifespan with 40 000 charge–discharge cycles (exceeding 50 days) and a high specific capacity of 196 mAh g −1 (1695 F g −1 ). Sc doping greatly changes the degradation mode of NiCo-LDHs from rapid decay in thousands of cycles to a two-stage performance evolution, which consists of a superlong activation process of about 10 000 cycles and then extremely slow degradation. Moreover, Sc doping enhances the electrochemical activity of Ni 3+ , so as to not only avoid its Jahn–Teller distortion, but also perform as a structural stabilizer to alleviate the local strain of host layer. The assembled asymmetric supercapacitor delivers an ultralong cycling lifespan with 101% capacity retention even after 50 000 cycles. This work presents a new pathway to significantly improve the electrochemical performance, especially the cycling stability of LDH-based electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）