SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Xilin Geng,Qionghua Xie,Yundong Zhu,Guocheng Yao,Liangshi Wang
Germanium is a strategic metal that is challenging to enrich and purify without any side effects, especially stability and selectivity. Here the role of carbonyl acid in selective separation of germanium from complex industrial liquids was highlighted. Integrating theoretical and experimental analyses, carbonyl acids exhibit strong binding ability and high selectivity to germanium was demonstrated. The first set of carbonyl acid extractant (CAE) for germanium extraction was successfully synthesized with a solubility of less than 50 mg/L at pH = 0. The process analysis exhibits the extraction rate of germanium in a single stage by CAEs exceeds 99.9 %, while the separation factor surpasses 10 3 , far beyond 10 1 of hydroxamic acids. Furthermore, the stripping rate for germanium in a single stage exceeds 83.0 %, with germanium accounting for over 99.9 % of the total metal content in the stripping solution. The CAE extraction process is straightforward and characterized by high germanium separation efficiency. The development of CAE not only realises the stable, green, low-carbon, and high-efficiency purification of germanium, but also the universality and inspiration of CAE make it highly significant and valuable in both theoretical research and practical applications.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Chemistry-An Asian Journal
·
2022
·Vol. 17
·期 13
·e202200141
·
IF 4.839
Shuai-Cong Huo,Yao Li,De-Xiang Zhang,Qi Zhou,Ying Yang,Herbert W. Roesky
Graphical A series of digermylenes R(EGeL) 2 (L=CH[C(Me)N(Ar)] 2 , Ar=2,6- i Pr 2 C 6 H 3 ; E=O, R=1,3-C 6 H 4 ( 1 ), 1,4-C 6 H 4 ( 2 ), Me 2 C(CH 2 ) 2 ( 3 ); E=NH, R=1,4-C 6 H 4 ( 4) , 1,4-C 6 H 10 , ( 5 ); E=C(O)O, R=1,3-C 6 H 4 ( 6 )) were synthesized by the nucleophilic addition of diphenols, diol, diamines and dicarboxylic acids, respectively, with L′Ge (L′=HC[C(CH 2 )N(Ar)]C(Me)N(Ar), Ar=2,6- i Pr 2 C 6 H 3 ). Treatment of the obtained digermylene 1,3-C 6 H 4 (OGeL) ( 1 ) with sulfur, selenium, and CuX (X=Cl, Br, I, C 6 F 6 ) is also explored. A series of digermylenes R(EGeL) 2 (L=CH[C(Me)N(Ar)] 2 , Ar=2,6- i Pr 2 C 6 H 3 ; E=O, R=1,3-C 6 H 4 ( 1 ), 1,4-C 6 H 4 ( 2 ), Me 2 C(CH 2 ) 2 ( 3 ); E=NH, R=1,4-C 6 H 4 ( 4) , 1,4-C 6 H 10 ( 5 ); E=C(O)O, R=1,3-C 6 H 4 ( 6 )) were synthesized by the reactions of L′Ge (L′=HC[C(CH 2 )N(Ar)]C(Me)N(Ar), Ar=2,6- i Pr 2 C 6 H 3 ) with selected diphenols, diol, diamines, and o -/ m -phthalic acids, respectively. Treatment of digermylene 1,3-C 6 H 4 (OGeL) 2 ( 1 ) with sulfur, selenium and CuX (X=Cl, Br, I) led to the formation of 1,3-C 6 H 4 [OGe(S)L] 2 ( 8 ), 1,3-C 6 H 4 [OGe(Se)L] 2 ( 9 ), and (CuX) 2 [1,3-C 6 H 4 (OGeL) 2 ] 2 (X=Cl ( 10 ), Br ( 11 ), I ( 12 )), respectively. The obtained products were characterized by melting point, elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
研究领域:
无机化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2022
·Vol. 33
·期 13
·10183-10193
·
IF 2.779
Zhang Liangbin,Mei Hongrong,Rao Zhenggang,Shu Longlong,Li Chunchun
In this work, a strategy was demonstrated to reduce the sintering temperature of Mg 2 SiO 4 ceramics while keeping the macrostructure unchanged, through an appropriate amount of low melting point Ge substitution for B-site Si. A series of Mg 2 Si 1 − x Ge x O 4 ( x = 0.1–0.4) ceramics were prepared by a solid-state reaction method. Influences of Ge substitution on the sintering behavior, crystal structure, and microwave dielectric properties were studied. By comparison, the Ge-substituted samples could be effectively sintered at relatively lower sintering temperatures (~ 1370 °C), which is more than 100 °C lower than the nominal Mg 2 SiO 4 . In addition, the optimum microwave dielectric performance was achieved in the sample with x = 0.4, with the relative density ~ 97%, the relative dielectric constant ( ε r ) of 7.2, the quality factor ( Q × f ) of 75,794 GHz, and the temperature coefficient of the resonance frequency ( τ f ) of − 41.2 ppm/°C. This compositional regulation provides a paradigm for improving the sintering characteristics of silicate.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
无机化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Zhiyuan Zhang,Guixia Fan,Guoli Zhou,Daoguang Teng,Hongyan Nan,Peng Li,Yijun Cao,Jiongtian Liu
Germanium, a critical metal, is predominantly located in lignite and lead–zinc ore. The germanium was commonly extracted from the fly ash of germanium-rich lignite (GRL), however, facing the challenges of specific combustion conditions, low lignite’s thermal efficiency and value, high CO 2 emissions, and waste acid treatment. Therefore, in this work, a novel method for directly leaching germanium from the GRL was proposed, facilitating low-carbon extraction under mild conditions, and reducing lignite loss during leaching process. Results showed that leaching germanium from the GRL using thionyl chloride achieved the goals of “kill two birds with one stone”, i.e. , leaching efficiency of germanium above 95 wt % and recovery yield of lignite over 95 wt %. Specifically, the theoretical leaching efficiency of germanium reached 99.60 wt % while the recovery yield of lignite reached 86.35 wt %, at the temperature of 20 °C, liquid–solid ratio of 4 mL/g, and leaching time of 6 h. Most of the leached germanium was remained in the aqueous phase after the leaching solution was quenched, facilitating the subsequent separation of germanium. In this study, efficient extraction of germanium from the GRL was achieved with a high recovery yield of lignite, preserving the matrix structure and main composition of lignite. Therefore, this method provides a feasible way for efficient extraction of germanium from lignite with low-carbon emission under mild condition.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers
·
2024
·Vol. 11
·期 18
·6044-6051
·
IF 6.1
Kunhong Li,Yumei Hong,Xinyi Ma,Yujie Zhao,Shihao Zhang,Pengtao Ma,Jingyang Niu,Jingping Wang
Photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction is considered an important strategy to solve environmental problems, such as greenhouse gases, but designing and synthesizing effective photocatalysts is a challenge. In recent years, photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction by polyoxometalates (POMs) has attracted increasing research interest. Herein, the first purely inorganic ruthenium–germanium–molybdenum–oxygen cluster, Na12Rb2[Ru2O2(GeMo10O36)2]·44H2O (Ru2Ge2Mo20), was synthesized by hydrothermal and volatilization methods and applied to photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction. The yield of CH4 reached 547.84 μmol g−1 in the heterogeneous photocatalytic reaction system with an electron selectivity of 96.86% with respect to CO (71.08 μmol g−1) after 6 h. The reaction mechanism was confirmed by UV-Vis diffuse reflection spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), electrochemical measurements, and steady-state fluorescence quenching experiments. This work provides a reference for the design of Ru-containing polyoxometalates for photocatalytic CO2 reduction.
研究领域:
材料化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Energy Materials
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 16
·1702374
·
IF 21.875
Yijie Liu,Chao Li,Bojie Li,Hucheng Song,Zhu Cheng,Minrui Chen,Ping He,Haoshen Zhou
Solid-state Li batteries using Na + superionic conductor type solid electrolyte attracts wide interest because of its safety and high theoretical energy density. The NASCION type solid electrolyte LAGP (Li 1. 5 Al 0.5 Ge 0.5 P 3 O 12 ) shows favorable conductivity as well as good mechanical strength to prevent Li dendrite penetration. However, the instability of LAGP with Li metal remains a great challenge. In this work, an amorphous Ge thin film is sputtered on an LAGP surface, which can not only suppress the reduction reaction of Ge 4+ and Li, but also produces intimate contact between the Li metal and the LAGP solid electrolyte. The symmetric cell with the Ge-coated LAGP solid electrolyte shows superior stability and cycle performance for 100 cycles at 0.1 mA cm −2 . A quasi-solid-state Li–air battery has also been assembled to further demonstrate this advantage. A stable cycling performance of 30 cycles in ambient air can be obtained. This work helps to achieve a stable and ionic conducting interface in solid-state Li batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2019
·
IF 3.45
Min Zhao,Dong-Lin Zhao,Hui-Xian Yang,Xin-Yao Han,Ya-Jing Duan,Xin-Min Tian,Wen-Jie Meng
Germanium-based materials are considered to be an alternative material for high energy density lithium-ion battery anodes due to their superior theoretical capacity. However, the severe volume expansion during the lithium insertion and the easily agglomerated tendency of Ge nanoparticles become the key obstacles to the stable cycle and capacity retention of Ge anodes. Herein, we designed a double-layered protective structure in which the cubic hollow Ge@C hybrids are uniformly dispersed on reduced graphene oxide sheets (Ge@C-rGO) through conventional dopamine-coated precursor and subsequent carbothermal reduction processes. In the synthesized Ge@C-rGO hybrids, the large-area rGO sheets cooperate with the amorphous carbon layer to accommodate and buffer the volume expansion of Ge particles, and to ensure that the Ge nanoparticles are in a separated state to the utmost extent. The Ge@C-rGO electrode which is employed in lithium-ion battery owns the reversible capacities of 1183 mAh·g −1 at the specific current of 100 mA g −1 and 710 mAh·g −1 at 1 A g −1 for 200 cycles. In addition, it exhibited good cycle stability, rate reversibility and electronic conductivity, and is a potential anode material with high performance and long-cycle capability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2013
·Vol. 15
·期 35
·6942-6947
·
IF 3.879
Kai Zong,SiHeng Lu,Hao Wang,YuXiu Sun,HuiJuan Zheng,JingBing Liu,Hui Yan
We, the named authors, hereby wholly retract this CrystEngComm article due to data fabrication in Fig. 4 and 6. One of the spectra in Fig. 4, corresponding to nanocrystals of varying Sn/Ge content, has been copied and shifted within the figure: the purple spectrum (x = 1) is the copy of the black spectrum (x = 0). One of the plots in Fig. 6b, corresponding to nanocrystals of varying Sn/Ge content, has been copied and shifted: the blue curve (x = 0.3) is the copy of the green curve (x = 0.7). An investigation by Dr Yongping Lei (Professor and Chairman of College Council of the College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, China) determined that Kai Zong was responsible for these instances of data fabrication. Hao Wang, as his tutor and also corresponding author, is responsible for the duty of supervision and management. Other co-authors accept joint responsibility for the preparation of article. Please allow us to sincerely apologise to all readers and the Editorial Office.Signed: Kai Zhong, Si Heng Lu, Hao Wang, Yu Xiu Sun, Hui Juan Zheng, Jing Bing Liu, Hui Yan, 25 November 2013. This retraction is endorsed by Jamie Humphrey, Editor, CrystEngComm. Retraction published 13 December 2013.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2020
·Vol. 103
·期 8
·4203-4213
·
IF 3.502
Guoquan Qian,Guowu Tang,Qi Qian,Yongbao Xiao,Dongdan Chen,Zhonghong Jiang,Zhongmin Yang
Germanate laser glasses have received much attention as a promising host materials for mid-infrared fiber lasers in recent years because of the outstanding infrared transparency, low phonon energy, and high rare earth solubility of such glasses. However, the development of high-performance germanate laser glasses is usually based on intuition and a trial-and-error method, which can involve long experimental periods and high costs, and thus, this approach is highly inefficient. Recently, with proposals for materials genome engineering, the concept of the “glass genome” has grown of interest to us. Herein, the structures of Tm 3+ -doped germanate laser glasses (BaO–GeO 2 and BaO–La 2 O 3 –GeO 2 ) were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and Raman spectra analyses, which revealed that the resulting glass contains similar structural groups to the neighboring congruently melted glassy compounds (NCMGCs) in the composition diagram. What is more, the structure and properties of the resulting laser glasses largely depend on NCMGCs. Then, the glass-forming region, physical properties, and luminescence properties were calculated via the use of NCMGCs in Tm 3+ -doped BaO–GeO 2 binary and BaO–La 2 O 3 –GeO 2 ternary laser glass systems. The calculated results were in good agreement with the experimental results, thus demonstrating that our approach is practical for predicting the glass-forming region, physical properties, and luminescence properties in Tm 3+ -doped BaO–GeO 2 binary and BaO–La 2 O 3 –GeO 2 ternary laser glass systems. This work may provide an effective method to develop Tm 3+ -doped germanate laser glasses rapidly and at low cost.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
IONICS
·
2019
·Vol. 26
·期 5
·2225-2231
·
IF 2.289
Liu Lili,Wang Xiaoyang,Zhang Xiaohong,Zhang Xiuyun,Chen Shimou
Germanium-based materials as anode can improve the capacity of lithium-ion battery because of its excellent lithium-ion storage ability. But the application of Ge anode is hampered by the huge volume variation during de/lithiation processes. Herein, a Ge/Cu wire mesh (Ge/Cu-WM) electrode is prepared by ionic liquid electrodeposition, where the Ge nano-film is deposited on Cu wire mesh. The unique structure of Ge/Cu-WM electrode not only buffers the volume expansion but also enhances electron migration and electron transport during lithiation. The Cu 3 Ge is observed by XRD, which confirms that the Ge nano-film tightly attach to the Cu wires. All structural properties give the electrode excellent electrochemical performance, where a capacity of 633 mAh/g after 100 cycles at 0.1 C is obtained. The reasonable structure and improved cycling stability make Ge-based anodes highly attractive for lithium-ion battery applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Small
·
2023
·Vol. 19
·期 49
·2304593
·
IF 13.3
Yang Gao,Yakun Tang,Lang Liu,Xiaohui Li,Mao Qian,Wenjie Ma
To obtain anode materials with high capacity/energy density for lithium-ion batteries, a polyanionic compound Li 2 FeGeO 4 is prepared, which combines the conversion-type Fe-based oxide and the alloy-type Ge-based oxide at the atomic scale. The influence of citric acid in the sol–gel process on the structure and performance of the calcined products (LFG0, LFG1, and LFG2) is investigated. The results demonstrate that citric acid does not affect the phase of Li 2 FeGeO 4 . However, with the increase of citric acid, the crystallinity and grain size of the final product are reduced and its dispersion becomes better. Among the as-prepared samples, LFG1 exhibits moderate particle size and more uniform dispersion, providing a high discharge capacity of 669.7 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 after 200 cycles. Based on the ex situ XPS and operando XRD tests, it is found that the electrochemical reaction process of LFG1 is controlled by both the conversion of iron/germanium and the alloying of germanium. In addition, it is verified that the reaction mechanism of LFG1 for aqueous lithium-ion capacitors is also controlled by iron and germanium elements. Importantly, Li 2 FeGeO 4 is first proved to be a novel anode for lithium-ion batteries and lithium-ion capacitors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Science China-Chemistry
·
2023
·Vol. 66
·期 4
·1086-1093
·
IF 9.6
Wang Linan,Tu Chenchen,Gao Hongbo,Zhou Jiazheng,Wang Hongshan,Yang Zhihua,Pan Shilie,Li Junjie
Infrared (IR) birefringent materials with large optical anisotropy and wide transparency range are important for efficient light manipulation in various IR optical devices. Herein, two new IR birefringent materials AMgGeSe 3 (A = Li, Na) with large optical anisotropy were rationally designed by a rigid octahedron and flexible dimer combined strategy and fabricated in experiment. The introduction of rigid [LiSe 6 ]/[NaSe 6 ] and [MgSe 6 ] octahedra effectively regulates the geometry and arrangement of the flexible [Ge 2 Se 6 ] dimers, resulting in the birefringence as large as 0.334@1,064 nm in LiMgGeSe 3 and 0.445@1,064 nm (the largest one in the reported [Ge 2 Se 6 ] dimer-contained selenides) in NaMgGeSe 3 . Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and statistical analyses highlight the influence of polarizability anisotropy, density, arrangement of units, as well as layer distance on birefringence. The results indicate that AMgGeSe 3 (A = Li, Na) crystals are the promising IR birefringent materials and it gives an insight into the exploration of new IR birefringent materials with large birefringence based on the clamping effect from rigid groups.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）