Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 7.7
Yuhui Li,Meina Guo,Nan Zhao,Hailing Jiang,Fengping Zhou,Wuming Xie,Weihua Zhang
Spent pot-lining (SPL) and red mud (RM) are significant industrial solid wastes generated from the aluminum industry, holding valuable potential as secondary resources. This study addresses the pressing challenges of mitigating fluoride emissions resulting from the pyrometallurgical process of SPL and recovering iron (Fe) components from RM. To achieve these objectives, a synergetic reduction-stabilization process via co-calcination was proposed. During co-calcination, the carbonaceous content of SPL acts as a reducing agent, facilitating the reduction of Fe oxides in RM to magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ). The recovered Fe 3 O 4 was efficiently separated through magnetic separation with 66.9% recovery efficiency. Additionally, the co-calcination process synergistically stabilizes fluoride emissions from SPL due to the presence of calcium oxide (CaO) in RM. This results in fluoride emissions reacting with CaO to form insoluble fluorite (CaF 2 ), leading to significantly reduced fluoride leaching concentrations (18.3 mg L −1 ), well below national recommended standards (100 mg L −1 ). Mineral transformations revealed that Na 3 AlF 6 from SPL decomposed into NaF, AlF 3 , and HF, with subsequent reactions with CaO leading to CaF 2 formation. The selectivity of element combinations among Ca-Fe-F-O can be attributed to the distinct ionic potentials in the HF-CaO-Fe 2 O 3 -C system, where CaF 2 arose from a hard acid (Ca(II))-hard base (F - ) interaction, and Fe 2 O 3 reduction was influenced by the weaker bonding between soft base O 2- and borderline acid Fe(III)/Fe(II) repulsion, according to the Hard-Soft Acid-Base (HSAB) theory. This proposed synergistic utilization approach not only detoxifies harmful fluoride emissions but also offers a sustainable method for Fe recovery, holding significant potential for environmental and economic benefits in the context of aluminum industry waste management practices.
研究领域:
环境科学
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冶金工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
·
2024
·
IF 4.7
Zhi-peng XU,Zuo-wei LIU,Xue-yi GUO,Dong LI,Ming-jin ZOU,Qing-hua TIAN
A process for gallium recovery by cyclone electrowinning was proposed to inhibit concentration polarization and improve current efficiency (CE). The diffusion coefficient of GaO 2 − in 120 g/L NaOH solution was determined to be 1.65×10 −7 cm 2 /s by electrochemical study. The effect of various parameters on gallium electrowinning was investigated, and the optimum conditions were determined as: titanium cathode, current density of 750 A/m 2 , gallium concentration of 39.9 g/L, NaOH concentration of 120 g/L, and circulation flow of 200 L/h. Under these conditions, the CE and gallium recovery of electrowinning were 47.9% and 90.2%, respectively. The precipitated gallium can be easily separated from the cathode, and the final purity of gallium after washing was 99.993%. The energy consumption (EC) of gallium cyclone electrowinning was about 9048 kW·h/t. Overall, it is suggested that cyclone electrowinning is a promising process for gallium production with high CE and low EC.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ChemElectroChem
·
2025
·
IF 3.5
Haoshen Huang,Huafeng Zhou,Nuowen Wu,Haiyang Yu,Weibo Gao,Jianghuan Shi,Jiahao Song,Yayun Zheng,Zhengfei Chen,Zixuan Liu
Graphical A simple carbon black (Ketjenblack, KB)-multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composite was fabricated and used as the air cathode in a Li-O 2 battery, achieving significantly improved specific capacity (up to 10611 mAh/g carbon ), rate capability and cyclability than pristine KB, owing to the synergy of KB's abundant surface area for accommodation of discharge products and MWCNTs’ long-range electronic conductivity. A simple carbon black (Ketjenblack, KB)-multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composite was fabricated and used as the air cathode in a Li-O 2 battery where MWCNTs primarily serve as microscopic cables to enhance long-range electronic conductivity. With optimal KB:MWCNTs mass ratios, the composite exhibited significantly improved specific capacity (up to 10611 mAh/g carbon under 100 mAh/g carbon ), rate capability (up to 9598 mAh/g carbon under 500 mAh/g carbon ) and cyclability than pristine KB, owing to the synergy of KB's abundant surface area for accommodation of discharge products and MWCNTs’ long-range electronic conductivity to guide even and compact deposition of discharge products, and mitigate passivation/clogging of the air cathode surface during discharge. This strategy of using MWCNTs as microscopic cables could also be applied for other commercial materials to construct high-performance and low-cost air cathodes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源存储技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2025
·
IF 8.3
Yanru Yin,Qi Xiao,Wenying Zhang,Kai Li,Dong Yan,Jian Li,Lichao Jia
Cathode materials greatly govern the performance of protonic ceramics fuel cells (PCFCs), and development of suitable cathodes for PCFCs now becomes important. In this study, the traditional proton conductor BaZrO 3 is tailored with Sr and Fe elements, aiming to design proper cathodes for PCFCs. The structural, electronic, and catalytic effects of dual-element doping on BaZrO 3 -based materials are systemically investigated. Experimental and computational analyses reveal that a 75 % iron doping concentration (BaZr 0 · 25 Fe 0 · 75 O 3 ) markedly enhances oxygen vacancy concentration, reduces proton migration barriers, and elevates electrical conductivity. Notably, moderate strontium doping (50 %) synergistically improves performance, whereas excessive doping (75 %) induces adverse effects on oxygen vacancy concentration, proton migration, and electrical conductivity. The optimized Ba 0 · 5 Sr 0 · 5 Zr 0 · 25 Fe 0 · 75 O 3 cathode achieves a peak power density of 945 mW cm -2 at 700 °C. These findings elucidate the interplay between dopant elements, doping concentrations, and material properties related to electrochemical performance, offering actionable strategies for designing high-performance PCFC cathodes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.1
Chen Shi-Liang,Lu Chang,Yan Yu-Chi,Guo Zhi-Peng,Fan You-Qi,Zhao Wei-Cheng,Wang Xin,Guan Xiu-Tao,He Shi-Wei,Zheng Jia-Le
Silver is the most difficult non-copper impurity element to be purified and removed during the preparation of high-purity copper products by electrolysis. This is primarily due to the unpredictable behavior of trace amounts of silver during electrolysis. As a result, current methods for reducing silver content in cathode copper are limited and often ineffective, with silver levels remaining above 8 ppm. This work examines the cathodic behavior of Ag + during copper electrolysis using thermodynamic and kinetic theoretical calculations, variable experiments, and a detailed analysis of the trace Ag phase in copper cathode. Experimental findings indicate that the concentration of Ag + in the electrolyte is the primary determinant of silver content in cathode copper, specifically, the silver content in copper cathode rises dramatically with increasing the concentration of Ag + in the electrolyte. Under the condition of current density 300 A/m 2 , T = 63 °C, Ag + concentration of 0.01 mg L −1 , the silver content in copper cathode diminishes by 81.43 pct from 8.51 to 1.41 ppm. Combining electrochemical tests (cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry) with scanning electron microscopy, an intriguing revelation has emerged. Following electromigration, diffusion, desolvation, and electroreduction, the silver most likely embeds into the copper deposition layer with the occurrence state of Cu 9 Ag solid solution alloy, rather than the traditional belief that silver exists as an independent silver element. This study contributes to a fundamental understanding of the underlying causes of the difficulty in removing silver from copper cathode, and provides inspiration for the development of new methods to improve the purity of electrolytic copper and to reduce the silver lost therein. Graphical
研究领域:
冶金学
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电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Mengqi Bu,Li Yi,Yingjie Wen,Minli Wang,Hao Yang,Chaohao Chen,Dengsong Zhang,Xu Chen,Zhiyi Lu
Electro-activating peroxydisulfate (PDS) based on the cathode represents a highly promising advanced oxidation process; however, its longevity is constrained by cathode leaching. In this work, we demonstrate that the γ-FeOOH/Fe Foam and α-Fe 2 O 3 /Fe Foam obtained by engineering a protective layer containing iron and oxygen on Fe Foam exhibit significantly extended service life of 53 h and 47 h, 2.94-fold and 2.61-fold longer than that of the original Fe Foam (18 h), while showing similar pseudo-first-order kinetics. Structural evolution analysis and density functional theory simulations reveal that surface oxygen plays a crucial role in reducing the leaching of Fe from the cathode by immobilizing Fe ions and converting them in-situ into stable Fe 3 O 4 . The electro-activation mechanism of PDS on the cathode, the degradation pathways of atrazine (ATZ), and the effects of operating conditions are systematically investigated and elucidated. This work underscores the pivotal role of surface oxygen in prolonging the longevity of Fe-based cathodes, thereby contributing to the development of protective layers.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Science Advances
·
2024
·Vol. 10
·期 33
·
IF 11.7
Ang Gao,Shijie Shen,Tongtong Shang,Yuansheng Shi,Huanhuan Zhang,Weiguang Lin,Shiyu Wang,Ting Lin,Pengxiang Ji,Yichi Wang,Yujie Chen,Botao Yu,Xia Lu,Wenwu Zhong,Qinghua Zhang,Lin Gu
High-voltage phase transition constitutes the major barrier to accessing high energy density in layered cathodes. However, questions remain regarding the origin of phase transition, because the interlayer weak bonding features cannot get an accurate description by experiments. Here, we determined van der Waals (vdW) interaction (vdWi) in LixCoO2 via visualizing its electron density, elucidating the origin of O3─O1 phase transition. The charge around oxygen is distorted by the increasing Co─O covalency. The charge distortion causes the difference of vdW gap between O3 and O1 phases, verified by a gap corrected vdW equation. In a high charging state, excessive covalency breaks the vdW gap balance, driving the O3 phase toward a stable O1 one. This interpretation of vdWi-dominated phase transition can be applied to other layered materials, as shown by a map regarding degree of covalence. Last, we introduce the cationic potential to provide a solution for designing high-voltage layered cathodes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 10.588
Jiaxin Zhu,Yihua Chen,Yurong Gu,Hang Ma,Mingyue Hu,Xinlei Gao,Tongzhou Liu
The discharge of widely used per- and poly-fluorinated compounds (PFCs) leads to their environmental prevalence, bioaccumulation and biotoxicity; and attracts researches focusing on their treatment in wastewater. Electrochemical reductive treatment is a promising alternative due to its milder reaction conditions and easy operation. The feasibility of electrochemical reductive decomposition of PFOA using a Rh/Ni cathode was explored. The Rh/Ni cathode was fabricated by coating Rh 3+ on Ni foil through electrodeposition . The Rh coating was primarily elemental and in a Rh(111) crystalline form. PFOA decomposition and defluorination were observed when using the Rh/Ni cathode where DMF was the solvent and the cathode potential was −1.25 V. A hydrodefluorination reaction was considered having occurred. Because possessing d electrons and empty d orbitals, the Rh coating enhanced PFOA adsorption onto the cathode surface and facilitated C F bond activation through Rh···F interactions. Moreover, the Rh(111) crystal helped chemisorb the generated H* and supply it participating in PFOA decomposition. With the continuous interaction of cathode-supplied electrons, C F bond would ultimately dissociate and transform to C H bond by H* substitution. Adding FeCp 2 * as a supporting electrolyte enhanced PFOA decomposition by working as the shuttle facilitating PFOA migration to the cathode surface.
研究领域:
环境科学
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电化学
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污染治理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2021
·
IF 9.229
Changyang Liu,Shuting Li,Jianquan Gao,Liuzhen Bian,Yunting Hou,Lijun Wang,Jun Peng,Jinxiao Bao,Xiwen Song,Shengli An
The development of cathode materials with high catalytic activity and low cost is a challenge for CO2 electrolysis based on solid oxide electrolysis cells. Herein, we report a low-cost and highly active metallic Fe nanoparticle-decorated Ruddlesden-Popper (La, Sr)FeO4+δ cathode catalyst (Fe-RPLSF), which shows a high oxygen vacancy concentration and robust CO2 reduction rate. At 850 °C, the current density of the electrolysis cell with the Fe-RPLSF cathode reaches −1920 mA cm–2 at a voltage of 1.5 V, and the Faraday efficiency is as high as 100%. The polarization resistance at low frequency (0.1–10 Hz), which is the rate-limit step for CO2 electrolysis, significantly decreases with the exsolved Fe nanoparticles because of improved CO2 dissociative adsorption. Moreover, our electrolysis cell demonstrates acceptable short-term stability for direct CO2 electrolysis.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2014
·
IF 1.552
Li Meng,Fangzhong Wang,Ao Wang,Jian Pu,Bo Chi,Jian Li
La 0.8 Sr 0.2 MnO 3 (LSM)-coated Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 0.8 Fe 0.2 O 3 (BSCF) composite powder (LSM-BSCF) was synthesized by a novel solid-solution method and investigated electrochemically as a cathode material for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells. The cathode combined the merits of LSM and BSCF cathodes through an extended triple phase boundary and stabilized microstructure and demonstrated a polarization resistance between 0.61 and 0.09 Ω cm 2 at 600 to 750 °C. Compared with high performance cathodes prepared by solution impregnation, this LSM-BSCF cathode greatly improved performance stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN CHINESE UNIVERSITIES
·
2021
·Vol. 38
·期 1
·200-208
·
IF 1.307
Wang Yue,Wang Xiaoxue,She Ping,Guan Dehui,Song Lina,Xu Jijing
D esign and fabrication of functional porous air cathode materials with superior catalytic activity is still the key point for non-aqueous lithium-oxygen(Li-O 2 ) batteries. Herein, inspired by the self-standing three-dimensional(3D) structure of the natural spinach leaves, a unique binder-free and self-standing porous Au/spinach cathode for high-performance Li-O 2 batteries has been developed. The carbonized spinach leaves serve as a superconductive current collector and an ideal porous host for accommodating catalysts. The Au/spinach cathode could offer enough spaces for accommodating the discharge products, shorten the distance of the oxygen and electrolyte diffusion, and promote the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) processes. This optimized Au/spinach cathode achieved a high specific area capacity of 7.23 mA·h/cm 2 at a current density of 0.05 mA/cm 2 and exhibited excellent stability(280 cycles at 0.05 mA/cm 2 with a fixed capacity of 0.2 mA·h/cm 2 ). The superior performance encourages the construction of more advanced cathode architectures by the use of bio-composites for Li-O 2 batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2020
·Vol. 30
·期 17
·2000675
·
IF 16.836
Yang Hu,Wu Tang,Qihang Yu,Xinxin Wang,Wenqiang Liu,Jiahui Hu,Cong Fan
Organic redox-active molecules are inborn electrodes to store large-radius potassium (K) ion. High-performance organic cathodes are important for practical usage of organic potassium-ion batteries (OPIBs). However, small-molecule organic cathodes face serious dissolution problems against liquid electrolytes. A novel insoluble small-molecule organic cathode [ N , N ′-bis(2-anthraquinone)]-perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxydiimide (PTCDI-DAQ, 200 mAh g −1 ) is initially designed for OPIBs. In half cells (1–3.8 V vs K + /K) using 1 m KPF 6 in dimethoxyethane (DME), PTCDI-DAQ delivers a highly stable specific capacity of 216 mAh g −1 and still holds the value of 133 mAh g −1 at an ultrahigh current density of 20 A g −1 (100 C). Using reduced potassium terephthalate (K 4 TP) as the organic anode, the resulting K 4 TP||PTCDI-DAQ OPIBs with the electrolyte 1 m KPF 6 in DME realize a high energy density of maximum 295 Wh kg −1 cathode (213 mAh g −1 cathode × 1.38 V) and power density of 13 800 W Kg −1 cathode (94 mAh g −1 × 1.38 V @ 10 A g −1 ) during the working voltage of 0.2–3.2 V. Meanwhile, K 4 TP||PTCDI-DAQ OPIBs fulfill the superlong lifespan with a stable discharge capacity of 62 mAh g −1 cathode after 10 000 cycles and 40 mAh g −1 cathode after 30 000 cycles (3 A g −1 ). The integrated performance of PTCDI-DAQ can currently defeat any cathode reported in K-ion half/full cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）