INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2018
·
IF 3.141
Renjie Deng,Kuiyi You,Lei Yi,Fangfang Zhao,Jian Jian,Zhenpan Chen,Pingle Liu,Qiuhong Ai,He’an Luo
A mild and highly efficient method for solvent-free low temperature catalytic nitration of toluene with NO2 promoted by molecular oxygen has been developed in the present work. The immobilized AlCl3–SiO2 catalyst was successfully synthesized by a chemical bonding method. The results indicated that the synergistic catalysis of molecular oxygen and catalyst remarkably improved the nitration efficiency. Under optimal conditions, 86.5% of toluene conversion with 100% of selectivity to mononitrotoluene was achieved at 35 °C. Furthermore, the immobilized 10% AlCl3–SiO2 catalyst exhibited excellent stability in this nitration process. Finally, the probable reaction mechanism for the catalytic nitration promoted by molecular oxygen over AlCl3–SiO2 was suggested. This work affords a simple, highly efficient, safe, and benign approach for the preparation of valuable mononitrotoluene under the mild conditions and has potential industrial application prospects.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化
·
有机化学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2018
·
IF 4.427
Feibo Xu,Qiang Ji,Jian Zhang,Wanyue Huang,Zheng Cao,Yanfei Li
Aluminum (Al), a common environmental pollutant, has been reported to inhibit the immune functions of macrophage. However, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. In this study, murine peritoneal macrophages were exposed to 0, 0.27, 0.54, and 1.08 mg/mL of aluminium chloride (AlCl 3 ) for 24 h, and then treated with 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for another 6 h. No addition of both AlCl 3 and LPS serviced as control group. We observed that AlCl 3 has cytotoxicity in murine peritoneal macrophages, showing a decrease in cell viability and an increase in lactate dehydrogenase release. Besides, AlCl 3 exposure restrained the LPS-induced NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation presented as NLRP3 expressions reduction, caspase-1 cleavage inhibition and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) maturation lessened. Meanwhile, AlCl 3 exposure decreased LPS-induced IKKβ activity, IκBα phosphorylation, the phosphorylation and mRNA expression of NF-κB p65, as well the genes expression and concentration in medium supernatant of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). The results suggested that AlCl 3 inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway induced by LPS, which maybe one of the upstream signals involved in the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by AlCl 3 . This research can provide theoretical basis for understanding the immune toxicity of Al, and deepening the cognition of Al exposure hazards to immune response.
研究领域:
免疫学
·
毒理学
·
细胞生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Metals
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 8
·1436
·
IF 2.9
Jialong Kang,Yaoran Cui,Dapeng Zhong,Guibao Qiu,Xuewei Lv
Due to TiAl alloys’ excellent properties, TiAl alloys have received widespread attention from researchers. However, the high energy consumption and lengthy process of traditional preparation methods have always limited the large-scale application of TiAl alloys. This article develops a new method for preparing TiAl-based alloy powder via the magnesium thermal reduction of TiO2in AlCl3-KCl molten salt. In this study, the proportion of AlCl3&KCl molten salts was determined. We conducted phase analysis on the final product by studying the changes in temperature and time. It was found that the TiAl3alloy powder could be obtained by being kept at 750 °C for 2 h, with an oxygen content of 3.91 wt%. The reaction process for the entire experiment was determined through thermodynamic calculations and experimental analysis, and the principles of the reduction process are discussed.Keywords:TiAl alloy;magnesium reduction;AlCl3-KCl;TiO2
研究领域:
材料科学
·
冶金学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
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2015
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IF 4.504
Min Li,Bingliang Gao,Chengyuan Liu,Wenting Chen,Zhongning Shi,Xianwei Hu,Zhaowen Wang
A new acetamide based eutectic solvent is obtained via complexation with AlCl 3 . The electrodeposition of aluminum is successfully achieved from AlCl 3 /acetamide eutectic solvent. The cyclic voltammograms on tungsten electrode indicate that Al(III) are easier to be reduced from AlCl 3 /acetamide eutectic solvent at a molar ratio in a range of 1.1 to 1.5. Aluminum coatings were prepared at −0.25 V (vs. Al/Al 3+ ) and different temperatures at 313 K and 333 K in AlCl 3 /acetamide eutectic solvent at molar ratio = 1.3 (r = 1.3). The SEM images show that thick adherent aluminum films were deposited on the copper substrate. The EDS and XRD analysis confirm that the obtained deposits are pure aluminum. The present results allowed the new and cheap AlCl 3 /acetamide eutectic solvent to be a potential electrolyte for aluminum electrodeposition at room temperature .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2024
·
IF 9.7
Li Cui,Weihong Wang,Xi Chao,Jianming Gao,Fangqin Cheng
The electrolytic aluminum industry generates a large amount lithium (Li)-containing electrolytic aluminum slag (EAS) annually, and this can result in severe environmental pollution and wasting of Li resources. This paper proposes a method for recovering Li from the slag using AlCl 3 as the leaching agent. The effects of the leaching temperature, AlCl 3 concentration, pH, and solid-to-liquid ratio (S/L) on the leaching efficiency of Li + were systematically examined. The structural transformation during the Li leaching process was revealed by SEM, XRD, 27 Al NMR, and XPS analyses. The results indicate that up to 88.3% of Li + can be leached out using 0.85 M of AlCl 3 with an S/L of 1:3 at a leaching temperature of 95 °C and pH of 0.5. The addition of AlCl 3 played an essential role in the decomposition of cryolite/cryolithionite, ultimately resulting in Al–F fracture and Li + release in the leaching solution . Moreover, Al 3+ enters the interior of the slag to participate in the reconstruction of the chiolite with a low NaF/AlF 3 ratio, and reacts with OH − ionized from H 2 O to form hydroxyl aluminum fluoride species. Fluorine ions were solidified in the leaching residues for subsequent cryolite regeneration. This study not only provides an environmentally friendly process for resource utilization from EAS but also reduces the environmental threat caused by the storage of the hazardous waste .
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
IONICS
·
2024
·
IF 2.4
Yang Xue,Liu Aimin,Zhang Xin,Guan Pingping,Liu Yubao,Huang Haitao,Shi Zhongning
Aluminum chloride and triethylamine hydrochloride were employed in the synthesis of an AlCl 3 -Et 3 NHCl electrolyte. An aluminum sheet was utilized as the anode for the electrodeposition of metallic aluminum onto a copper substrate. This study aimed to investigate the effects of deposition potential on the morphology of the aluminum coating, the deposition mechanism, and the changes in Al(III) complex ions during the electrodeposition process. The results indicated that a deposition potential of − 0.3 V (vs. Al) produced aluminum coatings that were uniformly dense and securely adhered to the substrate. When electrodeposition occurred at − 0.5 V (vs. Al), the substrate surface exhibited aluminum nanowires with an approximate diameter of 367 nm. XRD analysis indicated a more pronounced (200) preferred orientation in the aluminum layer deposited at more negative potentials. Raman spectroscopy analysis detected the presence of AlCl 4 − and Al 2 Cl 7 − anions in the AlCl 3 -Et 3 NHCl system before electrodeposition, followed by the formation of Al 3 Cl 10 − complex ions in the system under potentiostatic control.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2023
·
IF 3.8
Qinqin Yuan,Jingyue Liang,Wei Li,Jinli Zhang,Cuili Guo
Anthraquinone hydrogenation to produce H 2 O 2 is an economically interesting reaction with great industrial importance. Here, we report a series of Pd/ x Al catalysts with different AlCl 3 contents by a conventional stepwise impregnation method. The optimal Pd/1.0Al catalyst exhibits a higher performance toward anthraquinone hydrogenation with 8.3 g·L −1 hydrogenation efficiency, 99.5% selectivity and good stability, obviously superior to that of Pd/Al 2 O 3 catalyst (5.2 g·L −1 and 97.2%). Detailed characterization demonstrates that AlCl 3 can be grafted on the γ-Al 2 O 3 support to obtain a modified support with abundant surface weak acid and Lewis acid, which can adsorb and activate anthraquinone. Meanwhile, its steric hindrance could isolate and disperse active metals to form more active sites. The synergies between metal sites and acid sites promotes the anthraquinone hydrogenation. Furthermore, the good stability after grafting AlCl 3 could attribute to the enhanced metal-support interaction inhibiting metal particles agglomeration and leaching.
研究领域:
催化化学
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工业化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Xilin Gao,Anting Ding,Yuxin Li,Chuanying Liu,Chengliang Xiao
Efficient utilization of uranium resources and minimization of nuclear waste are critical challenges for the sustainable development of nuclear energy. The separation of actinides (An) from lanthanides (Ln) is essential to reduce the impact of neutron poisons and enhance the efficiency of Partitioning & Transmutation (P&T) processes. In this study, we propose the use of a concentrated AlCl 3 solution as a selective leaching agent to separate Ln from An in spent nuclear fuel (SNF). At a mass ratio of 1:15, the AlCl 3 solution effectively dissolves nearly 100 % of lanthanide oxides from simulated SNF at 75 °C, while the coexisting actinide oxides remain largely insoluble. The high separation factors between Ln 2 O 3 and AnO 2 (average of 1630 for Ln/U and 490 for Ln/Th) provide a novel and efficient approach for the selective separation of lanthanides from SNF. The lanthanides are subsequently recovered through oxalic acid precipitation and calcination to produce Ln 2 O 3 . Based on our characterization results, the primary driving force for the dissolution of Ln 2 O 3 is the acidity of the H 2 O-AlCl 3 system, with the lattice energies of oxides identified as the key factor affecting the differential dissolution of Ln(III) and U/Th with higher valent under identical conditions. This selective dissolution and separation process using AlCl 3 solution presents a highly efficient method for the removal of lanthanides from SNF and improves the utilization of nuclear fission products. With its mild operating conditions and reduced environmental impact, this method offers a promising approach for the recovery of rare earth elements from nuclear waste and other secondary resources.
研究领域:
核化学与放射化学
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环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Kemeng Liu,Xueying Wen,Huiyue Wang,Huajian Liu,Lijie Liu,Ran Niu,Tao Tang,Nan Yao,Ruikun Pan,Jiang Gong
Chemical recycling of silicone rubber (SR) waste into valuable products has aroused ever-increasing attention; however, the development of a green, efficient degradation strategy for silicone rubber remains challenging. In this work, we report the catalytic upcycling of silicone rubber by AlCl 3 to produce SiO 2 under atmospheric environment. The optimized AlCl 3 /SR mass ratio, reaction temperature and time are 0.75, 280 ℃ and 120 min, respectively. The maximum yield of SiO 2 is 96 %. The as-prepared SiO 2 displays irregular spherical agglomerates with a particle size of 20–30 nm and bears rich micropores/mesopores/macropores. The result of variable-temperature Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy proves that AlCl 3 promotes the fracture of Si-O in SR during heating. According to density functional theory, the addition of AlCl 3 leads to a decrease in the bond dissociation energy of Si-O and Si-C. The strategy achieves the green, efficient catalytic degradation of silicone rubber waste.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Electrocatalysis
·
2022
·Vol. 13
·期 5
·622-629
·
IF 2.933
Guan Pingping,Zhang Xin,Liu Aimin,Liu Fengguo,Shi Zhongning
Cobalt is a good material for catalysis, energy, and many other applications. In this study, a cobalt coating was prepared by applying electrodeposition in an ethylene carbonate (EC) -AlCl 3 -CoCl 2 electrolyte system at 333 K. The electrical conductivity of the 0.97EC-0.02AlCl 3 -0.01CoCl 2 system at 318–363 K varied with the temperature based on the following relation: σ = 70.3876 – 0.4035 T + 6.4394 × 10 −4 T 2 (µS/cm). Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry analyses showed that the electrodeposition of cobalt was an irreversible process, and controlled by diffusion. The diffusion coefficient was 1.92 × 10 −8 cm 2 /s. Cobalt coating was achieved by applying electrodeposition under different conditions at − 0.4 to − 0.7 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The cobalt coating electrodeposited at − 0.5 V for 2 h was found to be dense, with a grain size of 0.5 µm. Graphical Abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
·
2023
·
IF 3.9
Peng Huixin,Huang Yanxin,Wei Guangji,Pang Yanfang,Yuan Huixiong,Zou Xiong,Xie Yu’an,Chen Wencheng
Aluminum contamination is a growing environmental and public health concern, and aluminum testicular toxicity has been reported in male rats; however, the underlying mechanisms of this toxicity are unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of exposure to aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) on alterations in the levels of sex hormones (testosterone [T], luteinizing hormone [LH], and follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH]) and testicular damage. Additionally, the mechanisms of toxicity in the testes of AlCl 3 -exposed rats were analyzed by proteomics. Three different concentrations of AlCl 3 were administered to rats. The results demonstrated a decrease in T, LH, and FSH levels with increasing concentrations of AlCl 3 exposure. HE staining results revealed that the spermatogenic cells in the AlCl 3 -exposed rats were widened, disorganized, or absent, with increased severe tissue destruction at higher concentrations of AlCl 3 exposure. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses revealed that differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) after AlCl 3 exposure were primarily associated with various metabolic processes, sperm fibrous sheath, calcium-dependent protein binding, oxidative phosphorylation, and ribosomes. Subsequently, DEPs from each group were subjected to protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis followed by the screening of interactional key DEPs. Western blot experiments validated the proteomics data, revealing the downregulation of sperm-related DEPs (AKAP4, ODF1, and OAZ3) and upregulation of regulatory ribosome-associated protein (UBA52) and mitochondrial ribosomal protein (MRPL32). These findings provide a basis for studying the mechanism of testicular toxicity due to AlCl 3 exposure.
研究领域:
毒理学
·
环境健康
·
生殖生物学
·
蛋白质组学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2023
·Vol. 170
·期 7
·072509
·
IF 3.9
Jia-Zhuang Chen,Yu-Ke Zhong,Ya-Lan Liu,Mei Li,Wei Han,Wei-Qun Shi
The physicochemical properties of Eu cations in AlCl3-NaCl melts have been studied for the purpose of spent nuclear fuel recycling via electrochemical and spectroscopic methods. Eu metal dissolves in the AlCl3-NaCl melts to generate divalent europium and Al metal while releasing chlorine gas. The effect of Lewis acidity of melt on the electrochemical behaviors of Eu(II) has been studied. In Lewis base melt of AlCl3-NaCl, Eu(III), and Al(III) can be co-reduced at the potential between Al deposition and Eu(II) oxidation. With the enhanced Lewis acidity of the molten salt, Eu(II) diffusion becomes more facile. The in situ absorption spectra of Eu(II) in AlCl3-NaCl melts reveal that the complexation ligand of Eu(II) changes with the melt Lewis acidity, thereby affecting the electrochemical behaviors of Eu(II) species. In addition, the redox potential of the Eu(II)/Eu(III) conversion reaction is more positive than that of Sm(II)/Sm(III).
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核能工程
·
物理化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）