Long Guan,Lin Li,Xin Cheng,Kefei Lu,Hao Zhou,Binbin Zhang,Erhai An,Hua Fang,Peng Deng
Graphical Synergistic catalysis ignition and combustion reaction mechanism of nanothermite Al/Bi2O3 with DAP-4 as additives. Aluminium/bismuth trioxide (Al/Bi 2 O 3 ), as a class of important and interesting nanothermite, had received much attention in the field of energetic materials. However, enhancing the ignition and combustion performance of Al/Bi 2 O 3 is still a great challenge. In this work, energetic perovskite DAP-4 was used to design and fabricate the ternary composites Al/Bi 2 O 3 /DAP-4 with the different contents of DAP-4 additives. The micromorphology and structure of composites Al/Bi 2 O 3 /DAP-4 were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The ignition and combustion performances of composites Al/Bi 2 O 3 /DAP-4 were studied by electric heating ignition apparatus. The results showed that energetic perovskite DAP-4 was introduced to reduce the ignition energy of Al/Bi 2 O 3 and promote the combustion reaction of Al metal particles. With 10wt% DAP-4 added, Al/Bi 2 O 3 /DAP-4 sample showed a more durable combustion process for ∼270 ms. And with the contents of DAP-4 increased, the combustion time shortened and the burning intensity had improved. The intensity of flame combustion reaches the maximum when 30wt% DAP-4 is added. The main thermal decomposition gas products of Al/Bi 2 O 3 /DAP-4 composite are CO 2 , HCl, H 2 O, and so on. A synergistic catalysis ignition and combustion reaction mechanism of Al/Bi 2 O 3 with DAP-4 as additives was proposed. DAP-4 ignited by lower ignition energy could trigger nanothermite Al/Bi 2 O 3 . Bi 2 O 3 particles can reduce the thermal decomposition temperature of DAP-4, which accelerated the combustion reaction of nanothermite Al/Bi 2 O 3 with DAP-4 as additives. This work offered a new idea for design and application of nanothermite with high-performance catalysis additives.
Xiaoxia Li,Shuaida Zhu,Qi Jia,Haixia Zhao,Yuqi Cao,Yuying Ma,Shuangqi Hu,Xiong Cao
In this work, it is shown that MoO3-x has a positive effect on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate based molecular perovskite (H2DABCO)[NH4(ClO4)3] (DAP-4). MoO3-x was prepared by heat treatment, and the morphology, structure, and thermal decomposition performance were characterized. The morphology and structure characterization results showed that MoO3-x was an irregular layered structure material and the Mo element was mainly in the +6 chemical valence state, with a small amount of Mo5+. Thermal analysis results showed that the thermal decomposition peak temperature of DAP-4 was effectively reduced from 394.4 °C to 353.7 °C, 321.4 °C, and 312.5 °C in the presence of 1%, 5%, and 10% MoO3-x, respectively. It is particularly worth noting that the maximum heat release rate of the DAP-4/10% MoO3-x mixture was increased by 4.9 times compared with pure DAP-4. Through the two classic thermal decomposition kinetic methods, Kissinger and Starink, the reliable kinetic parameters of DAP-4/MoO3-x were obtained. The increase of the reaction rate constant k indicated that the maximum thermal decomposition reaction rate of DAP-4 was effectively improved. This work provided a feasible technology for using MoO3-x as an effective catalyst to improve the thermal performance of DAP-4.
To address the urgent demand for eco-friendly and low-cost catalysts to replace toxic heavy-metal additives in energetic materials, this work focuses on developing biomass-derived copper-doped porous carbon (CuPC) as a high-efficiency catalyst for the thermal decomposition and combustion of molecular perovskite energetic material (H2dabco)NH4(ClO4)3(DAP-4). Biomass carbonaceous material has garnered extensive attention in many fields, owing to the low cost, high utilization efficiency, and environment protection. Herein, the CuPC catalysts were rationally designed and fabricated via the high-temperature carbonization treatment of biomass carbonaceous material precursor. The catalytic effects of CuPC on the thermal decomposition and combustion characteristics of DAP-4 were systematically investigated. The results revealed that CuPC possessed inherent catalysis property on the decomposition and combustion reaction of DAP-4. CuxOynanoparticles were uniformly distributed on the surface of carbonized biomass substrates, endowing the catalysts with superior dispersibility. Thermal analysis results indicated that the addition of 5 wt% CuPC-3 reduced the thermal decomposition peak temperature from 378 °C of raw DAP-4 to 350 °C of DAP-4/CuPC-3. Moreover, the apparent activation energy of DAP-4 was notably decreased with the incorporation of CuPC catalysts. The combustion characterization results demonstrated that DAP-4 exhibited a more intense combustion process with the addition of CuPC, accompanied by elevated maximum combustion temperature and enhanced combustion heat. The catalytic mechanism of CuPC on the thermal decomposition and combustion of DAP-4 was further proposed. This work provides a targeted strategy for designing sustainable biomass-based catalysts to optimize the energy release performance of advanced molecular perovskite energetic materials.
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