POLYMER BULLETIN
·
2021
·Vol. 79
·期 6
·3541-3553
·
IF 2.87
Du Yonggang,Wang Yiming,Yu Yueru,Shi Gonghui,Zhou Shuai,Liu Mei,Ren Shitong,Jia Xiangxiang,Zhao Ge
In this work, the bio-based epoxy nanocomposites (GER/DOPO-POSS) were prepared, and AE-POSS was synthesized and used as compatibilizer for GER/DOPO-POSS nanocomposites. The effects of AE-POSS content on mechanical properties, thermal stability, compatibility and flame retardancy of GER/DOPO-POSS nanocomposites were discussed. The results showed that the addition of AE-POSS significantly improved the dispersity of DOPO-POSS in gallic epoxy matrix. AE-POSS can improve both the thermal stability and flame retardancy of GER/DOPO-POSS nanocomposites. When 6.0 wt % AE-POSS was added in GER/DOPO-POSS, the limiting oxygen index of it was 25.6%, and the initial thermal degradation temperature of it was 36 °C higher than that without AE-POSS. Graphic abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 4
·1956-1965
·
IF 3.119
Weiqi Xie,Shiwen Huang,Donglin Tang,Shumei Liu,Jianqing Zhao
A furfural-based DOPO-containing flame retardant, 6,6′-(((methylenebis(4,1-phenylene))bis(azanediyl))bis(furan-2-ylmethylene))bis(dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide) (MBF-DOPO), was synthesized and utilized as a co-curing agent of 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM) for fire-safe epoxy thermosets. For the cured epoxy resin containing 4.0% MBF-DOPO, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) reached 32.9% (with the V-0 rating in UL-94 test), and the peak heat release rate and total smoke production values were respectively decreased by 29.3% and 33.6%, compared to pure epoxy resin. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results confirmed that the furfural-based flame retardant MBF-DOPO promoted the charring formation of the epoxy matrix, which effectively isolated the gas and heat transfer during combustion and thus enhanced the fire-safety performance of the epoxy thermosets. This work provides an effective route for synthesizing a furfural-based flame retardant, which possesses great potential for application in fire-safe epoxy thermosets.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2021
·
IF 5.03
Dongyue Liu,Yihua Cui,Tianlong Zhang,Wenhua Zhao,Pengfei Ji
The introduction of traditional flame retardants into epoxy resins (EP) usually generated a number of harmful smoke during burning. A novel flame retardant ( d ZIF-8) was synthesized via functionalization of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 by 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide derivatives (DMZ). The flame retardancy and smoke suppression of the d ZIF-8 modified EP were studied. The combustion results showed that d ZIF-8 can effectively reduce the fire risk of EP. Compared with the neat EP, the value of peak heat release rate (PHRR), the total smoke release rate (TSRR) and the maximum smoke density of the EP containing 2% d ZIF-8 were decreased by 51%, 47% and 36%, respectively. The TG-FTIR results showed that the production of the pyrolysis gaseous products was inhibited by d ZIF-8 during the decomposition of EP. In addition, the synergistic effect between the DMZ and the zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 improved the flame retardancy of the EP. Meanwhile, the increase in the flame-retardant performance of the d ZIF-8 modified EP was caused by the quenching effect of the free radical containing phosphorus in gas phase and the charring effect of pyrophosphoric acid and zinc oxide in condensed phase. The morphology of d ZIF-8 crystal changed from granular to laminar, indicating that the introduction of DMZ affected the crystal growth of d ZIF-8. The laminar structure of the d ZIF-8 provided a layered barrier effect during the burning process of EP.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2021
·Vol. 32
·期 6
·2339-2351
·
IF 3.665
Zeng Birong,Zhou Ruirui,Zheng Xianghong,Ye Jianyu,Chen Jinmei,Xu Yiting,Yuan Conghui,Dai Lizong
A new polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) derivate bearing phenylboronic acid group and 6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine-6-oxide (DOPO) unit was synthesized and applied in flame retardant epoxy resin (EP). Compared to pure EP, EP/POSS-DOPO-(phenylboronic acid) composites had good transparency and better thermal stability. Micro-scale combustion calorimetry results showed that the addition of POSS-DOPO-(phenylboronic acid) hybrid could greatly reduce the PHRR and THR of EP/POSS-DOPO-(phenylboronic acid) composite. Simultaneously, the UL-94 of EP composite with 7% POSS-DOPO-(phenylboronic acid) achieved V-0 grade and the LOI value increased from 19.4% (neat EP) to 28.6%. Raman spectra results suggested that POSS-DOPO-(phenylboronic acid) hybrid enhanced the formation of residual char with graphitic structure during combustion. Besides, SEM characterization showed that the char of EP/POSS-DOPO-(phenylboronic acid) composite was much more continuous and compact in comparison with that of control samples. Moreover, the mechanical and dielectric properties of EP/POSS-DOPO-(phenylboronic acid) composites have been greatly improved for a better application.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF WUHAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY-MATERIALS SCIENCE EDITION
·
2022
·Vol. 37
·期 4
·765-772
·
IF 1.271
Du Yonggang,Shi Gonghui,Wang Jiaming,Wang Yiming,Wang Xuhua,Wang Liwei,Yang Jinhui,Ren Shitong
The bio-based epoxy nanocomposite (GAER/DOPO-POSS) was prepared from gallic epoxy resin (GAER) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (which containing 9,10-dihydrogen-9-oxo-10-phosphorus-phenanthrene-10-oxide groups, called DOPO-POSS). The polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing epoxy groups (E-POSS) was grafted onto aminated graphene oxide (E-GO), then the novel POSS-E-GO was obtained. The POSS-E-GO was used as modifier for GAER/DOPO-POSS nanocomposite. The influences of POSS-E-GO content on mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties and thermal stability of GAER/DOPO-POSS nanocomposites were determined. The experimental results show that POSS-E-GO can significantly improve the toughness of the GAER/DOPO-POSS nanocomposite. When 0.5wt% POSS-E-GO was added in GAER/DOPO-POSS nanocomposite, the impact strength of the nanocomposite was 4.74 kJ/m 2 higher than that in the absence of POSS-E-GO, meantime the initial thermal degradation temperature was 277 °C.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER BULLETIN
·
2023
·
IF 3.2
Tang Gang,Tao Yi,Wu Qiang,Shen Haifeng,Sun Junjie,Deng Dan,Liu Xiuyu
Over the past few decades, the development of highly efficient phosphorus-based flame retardants has become one of the research focuses in the field of halogen-free flame-retardant polymer technology. In this work, three kinds of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-based derivatives were synthesized through integrating multiple phosphorous oxidation states into one molecular structure. The influence of DOPO-based derivatives on the thermal decomposition and flame-retardant properties of EP composites were investigated. DOPO-based derivatives promoted the slightly earlier decomposition of the epoxy matrix, resulting in better thermal stability at high temperatures and higher char yield. The unmodified EP showed a LOI value of 27.0% and no UL-94 rating, while all the EP composites containing 2 wt.% DOPO-based derivatives passed the UL-94 V-0 rating and achieved a LOI value of higher than 30.0%. Among the three DOPO-based derivatives, TDCA-DOPO-2 behaved the best flame-retardant efficiency owing to the highest synergistic effect. Specifically, the peak of heat release rate, total heat release and average effective heat combustion (av-EHC) of EP/TDCA-DOPO-2 was 62.0%, 54.2% and 39.9% lower than those of the unmodified EP, respectively. The high flame-retardant efficiency of DOPO-based derivatives was ascribed to the synergism between the barrier effect in the condensed phase (proved by the high yield and stability of char residues) and the flame inhibition effect in the gaseous phase (proved by the decreased av-EHC values).
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
·
2016
·Vol. 301
·期 8
·982-991
·
IF 2.834
Alvianto Wirasaputra,Xiaohao Yao,Yaming Zhu,Shumei Liu,Yanchao Yuan,Jianqing Zhao,Yi Fu
A 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO)-triazine based anhydride (2,4,6-tris-(DOPO-methylformatephthalic anhydride-phenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine (TDA)) is synthesized and used as a halogen-free flame retardant co-curing agent for diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A/methylhexahydrophthalic anhydride (DGEBA/MHHPA) system. The conjugation of anhydride group is increased by the utilization of TDA, leading to the reduction in the curing activation energy. The cured epoxy resin passes V-0 rating of UL 94 test with the limiting oxygen index of 32.7 vol% when the phosphorus content is only 1.5 wt%. The flame-retarding action of triazine ring and DOPO moiety is investigated by the residue analysis and the characterization of pyrolysis gas. Due to the presence of bulky aromatic subunits in the molecular structure of TDA, the flame-retarded epoxy resins maintain the high glass transition temperature of DGEBA/MHHPA. Besides, the moisture absorption is diminished following the usage of TDA.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2018
·
IF 3.193
Yi Wen,Zhou Cheng,Wenxiong Li,Zhi Li,Duijun Liao,Xiaoping Hu,Ning Pan,Deyi Wang,T. Richard Hull
A novel oligomer (PFDCHQ) based on 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene −10-oxide (DOPO) and ferrocene groups was synthesized successfully, aiming at improving the flame retardant efficiency of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin (DGEBA). FTIR , 1 H NMR and 31 P NMR were used to confirm the chemical structure of PFDCHQ. The high char yields of 60.3 wt% and 20.1 wt% were obtained for PFDCHQ from TGA results in nitrogen and air atmosphere, respectively. The thermal degradation mechanism of PFDCHQ was investigated by TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of EP-5 with 5 wt% loading of PFDCHQ increased to 32.0% and the UL-94 V-0 rating was achieved, showing a notable blowing-out effect. In contrast to EP-0, the peak of the heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) of EP-5 decreased by 18.0% and 10.3%. The flame retardant mechanism of PFDCHQ in epoxy resin was studied by TG-FTIR, SEM and Raman. SEM and Raman results indicated the formation of coherent and dense char residue with high degree of graphitization due to the incorporation of PFDCHQ. In UL-94, the blowing-out effect dominantly accounted for the enhanced flame retardancy in combination with optimized char structure. Furthermore, the addition of PFDCHQ improved the Young's modulus compared to EP-0.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2020
·
IF 3.862
Chanchal Kumar Kundu,Lei Song,Yuan Hu
Two different DOPO- Alkoxysilane based flame retardant compounds were synthesized and applied onto the polyamide 66 (PA66) fabric surfaces via sol-gel method to improve the thermal stability and flame retardant properties. The as prepared coatings exhibited a much higher char yield% compared to the pure PA66 and simultaneously suppressed the dripping tendency of PA66 in the vertical burning test. The fabric sample modified with 20 wt% of DOPO-APTES showed a significant reduction in the peak heat release rate (pHRR) by 36%, whereas the 20 wt% of DOPO-GPTMS treated fabric sample could manage a 20% reduction in pHRR. The supremacy of DOPO-APTES treated fabrics were due to the co-presence of P, Si, and N elements; where a DOPO structure showed a quenching effect in a vapor phase, and Si-compounds accelerated the limited charring of DOPO in a condensed phase and stabilized the char residues in a higher temperature range. Moreover, the as treated PA66 fabrics show some sort of wash durability and among them, the fabric sample treated with 20 wt% of DOPO-APTES can withstand against fierce laundering where it maintains UL-94V-1 rating even after 10 washing cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纺织工程
·
防火材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2021
·Vol. 28
·期 5
·1-14
·
IF 3.097
Hu Rong,He Kaibin,Zheng Xianghong,Zeng Birong,Chen Guorong,Xu Yiting,Yuan Conghui,Luo Weiang,Dai Lizong
Octa-N-phenylaminopropyl-POSS (Octa-NAPA-POSS), DOPO and paraformaldehyde were used to synthesize Octa-DOPO-POSS through the Kabachnik-Fields reaction. It was added into epoxy resin with different ratio to prepare a series of modified epoxy resin composites. The results proved that the addition of flame retardant Octa-DOPO-POSS significantly improved the thermal property, flame retardant performance and moisture resistance of epoxy resin without weakening the mechanical properties. When the addition amount of Octa-DOPO-POSS was 5 wt%, the LOI value of the cured EP/Octa-DOPO-POSS composite increased to 33.9%. Its UL-94 level reached V-0 rating, and the THR and PHRR were significantly reduced. Meanwhile, the flexural modulus and breaking elongation were improved. Moreover, as the adding amount increased the residual char yield of EP/Octa-DOPO-POSS composites also increased, while the maximum thermal weight loss rate gradually decreased. The real-time FTIR and SEM analysis of the char residue after high temperature pyrolysis proved that Octa-DOPO-POSS could promote the char formation and produce a denser char layer. Overall, the combination of POSS and DOPO at a molecular level rather than physical mixing has a positive and significant effect on the flame retardancy of epoxy resin.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Xiaohua Liu,Hongfei He,Hongliang Ding,Shaofeng Wang,Wei Zhang,Lu Liu,Yun Lei,Bin Yu
Polyurea materials are widely used in building waterproofing, heat preservation, sealing and coating due to their good mechanical properties, excellent weather resistance and strong adhesion; however, their widespread use also presents significant fire hazard risks. This study emphasizes the potential to optimize flame retardancy while preserving mechanical properties. A polyurea with a mechanical strength of 26.25 MPa and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 26% was developed by incorporating 20 wt% bio-chain extender and 10 wt% DOPO-based flame retardant. The cone calorimeter test demonstrated that the inclusion of 10 wt% flame retardant reduced the peak heat release rate (pHRR), total heat release (THR), and total smoke release (TSR) by 48.29%, 73.02%, and 54.32%, respectively. This work provides an effective method for improving the flame retardancy of polyurea.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2018
·
IF 5.158
Ting Chen,Jing Hong,Chaohua Peng,Guorong Chen,Conghui Yuan,Yiting Xu,Birong Zeng,Lizong Dai
Modification of cotton fabric to achieve superhydrophobic , self-cleaning and heat resistance is of particular interest for practical applications. Herein, a simple surface modification route is designed to introduce flame retardant component 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO) and low surface energy crosslinked polymer network comprising both fluorine and silicon elements on the surface of cotton fabric. The modified cotton fabric shows characteristic of superhydrophobic property with water contact angle of 154.8°, and exhibits promising self-cleaning performance. With the characters of hydrophobicity and lipophilicity, the modified cotton fabric can efficiently separate oil-water mixture and even emulsion. Moreover, the introduction of DOPO and fluorine-silicon-containing coating not only enhances the heat resistance of cotton, but also improves the flame retardant property.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纺织工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）