SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2018
·
IF 4.61
Bingjie Zhang,Jiawen Ji,Xue Liu,Changsheng Li,Meng Yuan,Jingyang Yu,Yongqiang Ma
In this study, nano zirconium carbide (n-ZrC) was synthesized by preceramic polymers method, and it was used to adsorb emodin and physcion from solutions for the first time. The prepared material was characterized by various technologies . The adsorption experiment was carried out to investigate the emodin and physcion removal performance. The results indicate that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir model correlated satisfactorily to the experimental data, and the thermodynamic parameters are also calculated. Especially, n-ZrC can remove >95% of emodin or physcion in a minute under the optimal conditions, it is the fastest adsorption rate compared to other commonly used adsorbents (commercial zirconium carbide, activated carbon, C18, PSA, GCB and florisil). The adsorption mechanism was discussed, which suggests that Van der Waals' forces are the primary driving power during the adsorption process. Moreover, n-ZrC is stable at different pH and it can be reused at least fifteen times.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
·
药物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Translational Stroke Research
·
2023
·
IF 6.9
Chen Yan-Yan,Gong Zhi-Cheng,Zhang Mei-Mei,Huang Zhao-Hui
Abstract Failure to achieve target-specific delivery to ischemic brain sites has hampered the clinical efficacy of newly developed therapies for ischemic stroke. Emodin, an active ingredient isolated from traditional Chinese medicine, has been indicated to alleviate ischemic stroke; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to achieve brain-targeted delivery of emodin to maximize its therapeutic efficacy and elucidate the mechanisms by which emodin alleviates ischemic stroke. A polyethylene glycol (PEG)/cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD)-modified liposome was used to encapsulate emodin. TTC, HE, Nissl staining, and immunofluorescence staining were employed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of brain-targeting emodin in MCAO and OGD/R models. Inflammatory cytokine levels were determined using ELISA. Immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and RT-qPCR were utilized for clarifying the changes in key downstream signaling. Lentivirus-mediated gene restoration was employed to verify the core effector of emodin for relieving ischemic stroke. Encapsulating emodin in a PEG/cRGD-modified liposome enhanced its accumulation in the infarct region and substantially raised its therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, we demonstrated that AQP4, the most abundant water transporter subunit expressed in astrocytes, plays a crucial role in mediating the mechanisms by which emodin inhibits astrocyte swelling, neuroinflammatory blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in vivo and in vitro, and brain edema in general. Our study unveiled the critical target of emodin responsible for alleviating ischemic stroke and a localizable drug delivery vehicle in the therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke and other brain injuries. Graphical Abstract
研究领域:
神经科学
·
药理学
·
药物递送系统
·
中风研究
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2025
·
IF 12.4
Mingan Zou,Yuting Shang,Zhihong Zhao,Zhiyan Lai,Wenhui Zhou,Tao Liu
Food preservation has recently attracted considerable attention in the field of food safety, highlighting the need to develop low-toxicity, natural compound-based products. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of hyaluronic acid on emodin polymer nanoparticles and develop a novel antibacterial agent for fruit preservation. The nanoparticle system involving two polymers was found to enhance emodin solubility (42.25 %) by reducing particle size (236 nm) and crystallinity. Molecular simulation revealed that the hyaluronic acid network formed tight binding with emodin and improved stability through nine possible types of hydrogen bonds in the hyaluronic acid-based nanoparticles. It demonstrated remarkable bacterial killing effects in antimicrobial applications ( S. aureus 96 % and E. coli 97 %). The optimized nanoparticles disrupted the integrity of microbial cell membranes, exhibiting significant inhibitory effects on the removal capacity of mature biofilms, as well as the viability and adhesion of bacteria within biofilms. The nanoparticles demonstrated superior efficacy in maintaining produce freshness (vitamin C) and inhibiting spoilage of cherry tomatoes and grapes within 7 days.
研究领域:
药剂学
·
纳米医学
·
食品科学
·
微生物学
·
材料科学
·
分子药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
·
2019
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·1-7
·
IF 1.907
Xiong Guirun,Chen Hui,Wan Qi,Dai Jihang,Sun Yu,Wang Jingcheng,Li Xiaolei
Background Laminectomy is usually classed as a common orthopedic surgery, but postoperative epidural fibrosis often leads to less-than-desirable clinical outcomes. As demonstrated by prior studies, emodin (EMO) exerts an anti-fibrotic effect. Here, we carried out investigation into the inhibitory effect created by EMO application on epidural fibrosis after laminectomy in rats.Methods The paper conducts a series of experiment. In vitro, we observed the effect of EMO on fibroblasts by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Apoptosis of fibroblasts induced by EMO was detected by western blot, TUNEL assay, and flow cytometry. The results revealed that EMO was capable of inducing fibroblast apoptosis, and the proteins of PERK pathway also changed accordingly. In vivo, the effect of EMO on epidural fibrosis in 12 male Sprague-Dawley rats was observed by histological staining.Results CCK-8 assay indicated that EMO was effective in reducing fibroblast viability in a time- and a dose-dependent manner. TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis have demonstrated that the apoptotic rate of fibroblasts increased as the EMO concentration rose. Western blot analysis proved that EMO promoted the relative expression of p-perk and p-eIF2α and that the expression of its downstream proteins CHOP and GRP78 was also enhanced. The expression of apoptotic protein Bax and cleaved PARP was upregulated, whereas the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was downregulated. In addition, histological and immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that EMO functioned to inhibit epidural fibrosis and increase GRP78 expression in fibrous tissue by promoting apoptosis of fibroblasts.Conclusion sEMO could have inhibitory effect on epidural fibrosis in a concentration-dependent manner. The potential mechanism might be through PERK signaling pathway to promote fibroblast apoptosis. It has a possibility to be taken as a novel method for the treatment of epidural fibrosis.
研究领域:
药理学
·
骨科手术
·
细胞生物学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PHYTOMEDICINE
·
2022
·
IF 6.656
Shuang Luo,Jinrong He,Shaowei Huang,Xiaojing Wang,Yulin Su,Yanyang Li,Yanping Chen,Guanghua Yang,Bin Huang,Shaoju Guo,Lian Zhou,Xia Luo
Background Emodin is an active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine Rheum palmatum L. and Polygonum cuspidatum , which possesses anti-inflammatory and intestinal mucosal protection effects. Our previous study found that emodin significantly alleviated ulcerative colitis induced by sodium dextran sulfate (DSS). In this study, we found the underlying mechanism of emodin on ulcerative colitis (UC). Purpose We aimed to further explore the mechanism of emodin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis from the perspective of metabolism and intestinal flora . Methods Ulcerative colitis was induced by 3% sodium dextran sulfate (DSS) on mice, and the mice were respectively treated with mesalazine , rosiglitazone , emodin, and emodin combined with GW9662 (PPARγ inhibitor) simultaneously. Weight changes , the disease activity index (DAI), colonic length, and pathologic changes in colon were used to evaluate the efficacy of emodin. LC-MS/MS was performed for metabolomics analysis of colon. In addition, intestinal flora was assessed using 16S rDNA sequencing. A vector-based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) method was used to silence PPARγ gene expression in Caco-2 cells. Results Emodin binds to the active site of PPARγ protein and forms hydrogen bond interaction with ARG288 and CYS285 amino acids. Furthermore, Emodin significantly promotes the protein expression of PPARγ, while inhibiting iNOS and NF-kB p65 in UC mice, however, this effect is hardly shown when it is combined with GW9662 (the inhibitor of PPARγ). Meanwhile, emodin suppresses the expression of iNOS in Caco-2 cells induced with IFNγ and IL-22, but has no effect on its expression in shPPARγ-Caco-2 cells. In addition, through activating PPARγ signal pathway , emodin is capable of regulating colonic metabolism including oxidative phosphorylation and citrulline metabolism and effecting luminal availability of oxygen and nitrate. This promotes the recovery of anoxic environment of colon epithelial cells, which strains the growth and expansion of Enterobacteriaceae . Conclusion The mechanism of Emodin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis relies on its regulation of PPARγ signal pathway, which could modulate colonic metabolism and restore intestinal homeostasis .
研究领域:
药理学
·
胃肠病学
·
分子生物学
·
免疫学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN CHINESE UNIVERSITIES
·
2022
·Vol. 39
·期 2
·266-275
·
IF 2.726
Xiong Xiaoyan,Li Xiaobin,Zhu Zifan,Zhang Ending,Shi Jun,Lu Mangeng
Cationic water-based polyurethane(CWPU) was synthesized to explore aloe-emodin modifies to obtain CWPU materials with better comprehensive performance. It provides a simple way to synthesize antibacterial waterborne polyurethane, which is to introduce the end-blocking group of herbal extracts into the structure. It contains synergistic antibacterial effect of herbal antibacterial and quaternary ammonium ion on Escherichia coli . It makes the material resist the erosion of bacterial, and increase the service life of materials. When the pH value of the environment changes, the UV absorbance of the aloe-emodin modified cationic water-based polyurethane(AE-CWPU) also changes. Therefore, within a certain detection range, AE-CWPU has great applications in the field of smart response materials. The modified thermodynamic properties have been improved, and the mechanical properties basically maintained the maximum stress, and the elongation at break was reduced.
研究领域:
高分子科学
·
材料科学
·
化学
·
生物技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PHYTOMEDICINE
·
2023
·
IF 7.9
Shanshan Dai,Yunxuan Chen,Xiaoxi Fan,Jibo Han,Lingfeng Zhong,Yucong Zhang,Qingran Liu,Jiahui Lin,Weijian Huang,Lan Su,Zhouqing Huang,Bozhi Ye
Background Doxorubicin (Dox), which is an anticancer drug, has significant cardiac toxicity and side effects. Pyroptosis occurs during Dox-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC), and drug inhibition of this process is one therapeutic approach for treating DIC. Previous studies have indicated that emodin can reduce pyroptosis. However, the role of emodin in DIC and its molecular targets remain unknown. Hypothesis/Purpose We aimed to clarify the protective role of emodin in mitigating DIC, as well as the mechanisms underlying this effect. Methods The model of DIC was established via the intraperitoneal administration of Dox at a dosage of 5 mg/kg per week for a span of 4 weeks. Emodin at two different doses (10 and 20 mg/kg) or a vehicle was intragastrically administered to the mice once per day throughout the Dox treatment period. Cardiac function, myocardial injury markers, pathological morphology of the heart, level of pyroptosis and mitochondrial function were assessed. Protein microarray, biolayer interferometry and pull-down assays were used to confirm the target of emodin. Moreover, GSDMD-overexpressing plasmids were transfected into GSDMD −/− mice and HL-1 cells to further verify whether emodin suppressed GSDMD activation. Results Emodin therapy markedly enhanced cardiac function and reduced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in mice induced by Dox. Mechanistically, emodin binds to GSDMD and inhibits the activation of GSDMD by targeting the Trp415 and Leu290 residues. Moreover, emodin was able to mitigate Dox-induced cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury in GSDMD −/− mice overexpressing GSDMD, as shown by increased EF and FS, decreased serum levels of CK-MB, LDH and IL-1β and mitigated cell death and cell morphological disorder. Additionally, emodin treatment significantly reduced GSDMD-N expression and plasma membrane disruption in HL-1 cells overexpressing GSDMD induced by Dox. In addition, emodin reduced mitochondrial damage by alleviating Dox-induced GSDMD perforation in the mitochondrial membrane. Conclusion Emodin has the potential to attenuate DIC by directly binding to GSDMD to inhibit pyroptosis. Emodin may become a promising drug for prevention and treatment of DIC.
研究领域:
药理学
·
心脏病学
·
分子生物学
·
细胞生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 3.3
Miao Xing,Xiaoyu Ma,Xi Wang,Haoze Wang,Minjuan Xie,Ziwen Zhang,Jie Zhou
Emodin has been demonstrated to possess multiple pharmacological activities. However, emodin has also been reported to induce nephrotoxicity at high doses and with long-term use, and the underlying mechanism has not been fully disclosed. The current study aimed to investigate the roles of oxidative stress and ferroptosis in emodin-induced kidney toxicity. Mice were intraperitoneally treated with emodin, and NRK-52E cells were exposed to emodin in the presence or absence of treatment with Jagged1, SC79, or t-BHQ. Emodin significantly upregulated the levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, malondialdehyde, and Fe 2+ , reduced the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and induced pathological changes in the kidneys in vivo. Moreover, the viability of NRK-52E cells treated with emodin was reduced, and emodin induced iron accumulation, excessive reactive oxygen species production, and lipid peroxidation and depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential ( ΔΨm ). In addition, emodin treatment downregulated the activity of neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (Notch1), reduced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), and decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 protein levels. However, Notch1 activation by Jagged1 pretreatment, Akt activation by SC79 pretreatment, or Nrf2 activation by t-BHQ pretreatment attenuated the toxic effects of emodin in NRK-52E cells. Taken together, these results revealed that emodin-induced ferroptosis triggered kidney toxicity through inhibition of the Notch1/Nrf2/glutathione peroxidase 4 axis.
研究领域:
药理学
·
毒理学
·
细胞生物学
·
肾脏生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Linlin Li,Li Xia,Feng Xiao,Yewen Xiao,Wei Ji,Baocai Xu,Hualin Wang
Using novel active food packaging has gradually become a daily necessity in terms of impeding microbial contamination. Here, an antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (PDI) pH-responsive film is developed by incorporating aloe-emodin (AE) into a vehicle of gelatin/chitosan (GC). Besides enhancement in hydrophobicity, the well-dispersed crystals of AE in the GC matrix by hydrogen bonding can upgrade the film's mechanical strength and barrier. The matrix is capable of regulating the release of AE in response to acidic stimuli by a combination mechanism of diffusion and polymer relaxation. Being benefitted from the inherent bioactivity of AE and the PDI activity under visible light irradiation (i.e., 456 nm), the target film of GC-AE2 has excellent antibacterial effect towards Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli , showing bacterial viability of 9.93 ± 1.33 % and 14.85 ± 1.16 %, respectively. Furthermore, the film can effectively thwart Botrytis cinerea infection in cherry tomatoes, demonstrating its potential in preventing the microbial spoilage of postharvest fruits.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
材料科学
·
生物技术
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 2.734
Bo Yu,Ying Pu,Jun Liu,Jie Liao,Ke Chen,Jiani Zhang,Wen Zhong,Yalan Hu,Xue-Qiang Wang,Bo Liu,Huixia Liu,Weihong Tan
Targeted delivery of antiobesity drugs to adipocytes presents a novel strategy for obesity treatment. The 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) in adipose tissue is an attractive therapeutic target of obesity. Emodin (EMO) has been proven to be a potent and selective inhibitor of 11β-HSD1, but it frequently exerts low bioavailability owing to its poor water solubility and lack of tissue specificity. In this work, we conjugated a nanoscale drug delivery polymer with Adipo8 (Ap), a DNA aptamer with high affinity to mature white adipocytes, as a targeting modality that enabled selective delivery of emodin to adipocytes. Emodin-loaded PEG-PLGA nanoparticles (EMO-NPs) were formulated by a modified oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation method, and Ap was covalently bound to the NP surface via the EDC/NHS method. The NPs were structurally investigated by TEM imaging, DLS and UV-VIS spectroscopy. The resulting aptamer-conjugated, emodin-loaded nanoparticles (Ap-EMO-NPs) had a spherical shape and an average particle size of 146.7 ± 27.85 nm with a drug loading of around 6.8% and a sustained-release property. Confocal microscopy and flow cytometry demonstrated a significant increase in the internalization of Ap-EMO-NP in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells compared to EMO-NP functionalized with nonspecific aptamer. As confirmed by Oil Red O coloring, the Ap-EMO-NPs reduced lipid stacking in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in a sustained-release and dose-dependent manner. The results indicated that Adipo8-functionalized PEG-PLGA NPs could be a potential targeted therapeutic delivery vehicle for obesity treatment.
研究领域:
药理学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia-Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy
·
2020
·Vol. 30
·期 1
·28-33
·
IF 1.407
Wang Cong,Zhang Pengpeng,Zhang Xiuli,Yu Mingming,Lv Zhihua
Huganning, a Chinese patent medicine, has been used in clinical practice for the treatment of hepatitis in China for more than 20 years, and its main physiologically active components are polydatin and emodin. In this study, a rapid and accurate proton nuclear magnetic resonance method for the quantification of these constituents was developed. 4-Nitrochlorobenzene was selected as an internal standard, and the signals for polydatin at δ 6.44 ppm and emodin at δ 7.54 ppm were chosen for the quantification. Validation of the method was performed in terms of specificity, precision, and stability. The results indicated that the method was precise and in line with the China Food and Drug Administration guidance. The method has been successfully applied to characterize tablets and capsules obtained from six pharmaceutical companies. This study indicated that the rapid 1 H NMR method is more suitable for the quality control of Huganning than the high-performance liquid chromatography method.
Graphical Abstract
研究领域:
药学
·
中药学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Mengdan Shen,Xi Han,Xixi Li,Jiayun Ji,Shunyao Zhu,Beihua Xu,Senlin Shi,Ting Zhang
In this study, emodin (ED) and polysialic acid (PSA) were synthesized into a compound called PSA-ED. The PSA-ED self-assembled into nanoparticles (PE-NS) using a nano-precipitation method. According to the results of particle size analyzer, the particle size of PE-NS was 180.7 ± 1.60 nm, the polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.263 ± 0.090, and the ζ potential was −17.1 ± 0.9 mV. In vitro cellular experiments confirmed that compared to free emodin, PE-NS exhibited significantly higher cellular uptake in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, in vivo imaging demonstrated enhanced fluorescence accumulation in tumors. This indicated that PE-NS possesses the ability to effectively target tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). We conducted experiments using a mouse model of the B16F10 tumor, treating the mice with PD-1 antibody, PE-NS, and various doses of PE-NS + anti-PD-1 antibody, and compared them with untreated controls. In the PE-NS and anti-PD-1 antibody combination therapy group, there was a notable decrease in the proportion of M2-TAMs and CD4 + Fop3+ T cells, alongside a significant increase in the proportion of M1-TAMs and CD8+ T cells, resulting in an increased tumor inhibition rate. The combination of PE-NS and anti-PD-1 antibody exhibited synergistic antitumor activity, enhancing the effectiveness of PD-1 checkpoint blockers in the mouse melanoma models. In conclusion, the combination of PE-NS and anti-PD-1 antibody immunotherapy holds great promise in improving the therapeutic effects of melanoma treatment and may offer a novel strategy for clinical application.
研究领域:
纳米技术
·
免疫学
·
肿瘤学
·
药学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）