iScience
·
2026
·Vol. 29
·期 5
·
IF 4.5
Ran Cheng,Chenlong Xie,Yilong Pan,Zhao Liu,Xinyang Li,Fangfei Li,Tian Cui,Xinmiao Wei
High-pressure behavior of salt hydrates provides insights into ion-water interactions relevant to planetary interiors. Here, potassium bromide monohydrate (KBr·H 2 O) is identified using in situ Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. This monoclinic phase (space group P 2 1 / n ), stable at 2.6 GPa and 298 K, shows lattice parameters closely analogous to those of isostructural KCl·H 2 O, indicating that Br substitution preserves the fundamental packing while slightly distorting the lattice and lengthening O–H···Br hydrogen bonds owing to its larger radius and higher polarizability. Compression of a 3.5 mol% KI aqueous solution produces Raman features identical to those of KCl·H 2 O and KBr·H 2 O, suggesting the possible formation of a structurally analogous KI monohydrate (KI·H 2 O). The observed increase in Raman intensity from KCl·H 2 O to KBr·H 2 O and KI·H 2 O is attributed to increasing halide polarizability. These results advance the understanding of halide hydrate formation under pressure and provide insights into halide-water interactions in brine-rich planetary environments.
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PubMed
高影响因子
Processes
·
2022
·Vol. 10
·期 5
·823
·
IF 3.352
Bin Li,Xinjun Jing,Junsheng Yuan
The phase equilibria of the reciprocal quaternary system LiBr-Li2SO4-KBr-K2SO4-H2O and its ternary sub-systems LiBr-Li2SO4-H2O and KBr-K2SO4-H2O at 308.15 K were studied using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. Then, the solubility data of the equilibrium solutions were collected, and the phase diagrams were plotted. The phase diagrams of the ternary sub-systems at 308.15 K were compared with those at other temperatures. This study found that the phase diagram of the LiBr-Li2SO4-H2O system at 308.15 K consisted of an invariant point, two solid-phase crystallization regions of Li2SO4·H2O and LiBr·2H2O, and their corresponding solubility curves. The system generated two hydrated salts, which belonged to the hydrate type I phase diagram. The phase diagram of the KBr-K2SO4-H2O system at 308.15 K consisted of an invariant point, two univariant solubility curves, and two solid-phase crystallization regions of KBr and K2SO4, and no solid solution and double salts were formed. Thus, it belonged to a simple co-saturation type phase diagram. In the LiBr-Li2SO4-KBr-K2SO4-H2O system, K2SO4·Li2SO4double salt formed at 308.15 K, and the phase diagram consisted of three invariant points, five crystallization regions, and seven univariant solubility curves.Keywords:lithium bromide;potassium bromide;lithium sulfate;potassium sulfate;phase equilibrium
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
·
2018
·
IF 2.447
Hao Tang,Yunfeng Du,Yingru Li,Ming Wang,Huaisheng Wang,Zhenliang Yang,Bingqing Li,Rui Gao
The electrochemistry of UBr 3 was studied on W working electrodes in LiBr-KBr-CsBr eutectic salt at 623 K. The U(III)/U (0) redox reaction was evaluated with respect to its electrochemical behavior, diffusion and electrocrystallization properties. According to cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry , the reduction of U(III) ions to U (0) metal is a one-step three-electron reaction and the oxidation of U(III) ions is an one-electron transferred reaction. Cyclic voltammograms at varied scan rates show that U(III)/U (0) redox reactions are quasi-reversible. Chronopotentiometry and Sand's equation were used to determine the diffusion coefficients of U(III) ions. The nucleation mechanisms of uranium metal deposited on W substrates with different UBr 3 concentrations were predicted by using Scharifker-Hill model, which shows that the nucleation and growth mode changes from progressive mechanism to instantaneous mechanism with an increasing concentration of UBr 3 in the salt. At 623 K, potentiostatic electrodeposition was conducted to prepare mass uranium. The current-time evolution curve indicates that the actual surface area of electrodeposits keeps stable. Furthermore, the macroscopic appearance and microcosmic morphology show compact structure, rather than dendrites. Bulk uranium metal was further analyzed by inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer and X-ray diffraction, which indicate that the compact uranium is high-purity metal.
研究领域:
电化学
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核材料科学
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熔盐化学
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电冶金
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2025
·
IF 2.1
Rui-Zhi Cui,Guo-Liang Nie,Hong-Bao Ren,Qiu-Ye Yang,Wu Li
The underground brine in the Sichuan basin is not only widely distributed but also of excellent quality, which has broad prospects for comprehensive development and utilization. Due to the complex geological structure and relatively high air humidity in the Sichuan basin, salt field technology cannot be used for the separation and enrichment of brine resources. Therefore, forced evaporation by external energy can only be used to achieve the purpose of the preliminary separation of salts. In order to realize effective development and utilization of this underground brine resource, it is necessary to carry out multitemperature phase equilibrium research from ambient to high temperature for this brine system. Here, we take lithium-, potassium-, and bromine-rich underground brine in the Sichuan basin as research object and use the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method to research the stable phase equilibria of two ternary systems (LiBr–NaBr–H2O and LiBr–KBr–H2O) under temperature conditions of 373.15, 398.15, and 423.15 K. Based on the experimental results, the corresponding phase diagrams were drawn, and the phase diagrams under different temperature conditions were compared to reveal the phase equilibrium relationship and crystallization–dissolution rules of each component in the above two systems under multitemperature conditions.
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高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2022
·
IF 4.132
Guo-liang Nie,Rui-zhi Cui,Zhong Liu,Wu Li
In view of the composition characteristics of lithium, calcium, and bromine rich in Nanyishan oilfield water of the Qaidam Basin, Qinghai Province, the phase equilibrium relationships of quaternary system LiBr–NaBr–KBr–H2O and its ternary subsystems LiBr–NaBr–H2O and LiBr–KBr–H2O at 348.15 K were studied by the isothermal solution equilibrium method, and the equilibrium solid-phase crystallization regions and composition of each invariant point in each system were determined. The results show that there is no complex salt or solid solution in ternary systems LiBr–NaBr–H2O and LiBr–KBr–H2O at 348.15 K, and the phase diagram contains only one invariant point, two isothermal univariate curves, and two equilibrium solid-phase crystallization regions. The quaternary system LiBr–NaBr–KBr–H2O also has no formation of complex salt or solid solution, and the phase diagram contains only one invariant point, three isothermal univariate curves, and three equilibrium solid-phase crystallization regions. Meanwhile, the phase equilibrium relationships and change laws of each component of the above-mentioned systems at different temperatures were compared and discussed.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
物理化学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Chemistry
·
2023
·
IF 5.5
Cui Ruizhi,Peng Changwei,Nie Guoliang,Sang Shihua,Ren Hongbao,Li Wu
In view of the composition characteristics of lithium, calcium and bromine rich in Nanyishan oil and gas field brine of western Qaidam Basin, Qinghai Province, as well as based on the results reported in relevant literature, the phase equilibrium relationship of ternary system LiBr-CaBr2-H2O at 298.15 K was studied by isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The equilibrium solid phase crystallization regions, as well as the compositions of invariant point, in phase diagram of this ternary system were clarified. On basis of the above ternary system research, the stable phase equilibria of quaternary systems (LiBr-NaBr-CaBr2-H2O, LiBr-KBr-CaBr2-H2O and LiBr-MgBr2-CaBr2-H2O), as well as quinary systems (LiBr-NaBr-KBr-CaBr2-H2O, LiBr-NaBr-MgBr2-CaBr2-H2O and LiBr-KBr-MgBr2-CaBr2-H2O) were further carried out at 298.15 K. According to the above experimental results, the corresponding phase diagrams at 298.15 K were drawn, which revealed the phase relationship of each component in solution and the law of crystallization and dissolution, and meanwhile summarized changing trends. The research results of this paper lay a foundation for further research on the multitemperature phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of lithium and bromine containing high-component brine system in later stage, and also provide basic thermodynamic data for guiding the comprehensive development and utilization of this oil and gas field brine resource.
研究领域:
化学
·
热力学
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PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Xuanchun Wu,Guannan Zhou,Wenguan Liu,Yong Cao,Huiqin Yin,Zhongfeng Tang
Developing molten salt electrolytes with a low melting point and high electrical conductivity is critical for advanced thermal batteries. A novel LiCl-LiBr-KBr-KF (15.0-55.0-25.0-5.0 mol%) molten salt electrolyte was designed and validated through phase diagram calculation and experimental measurements. Compared with the LiCl-LiBr-KBr system, the melting point of the LiCl-LiBr-KBr-KF system decreased by 8.0 °C, the electrical conductivity increased by 0.25 S/cm, and the electrochemical window widened by 0.1 V at 500.0 °C. The mass loss of LiCl-LiBr-KBr-KF electrolytes at 830.0 °C is only 3.0 wt%, and its density at 500.0 °C is 2.36 g/cm 3 , i.e., 0.07 g/cm 3 higher than that of LiCl-LiBr-KBr. Practically, its lower melting point can reduce the activation energy of thermal batteries. Meanwhile, enhanced electrical conductivity and Li + diffusion coefficient can improve the power density and response speed of the thermal battery. LiCl-LiBr-KBr-KF electrolyte exhibits superior comprehensive performance. This result not only enriches the high-performance molten salt materials but also provides a novel strategy for designing next-generation thermal battery electrolytes.
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高影响因子
ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
·
2015
·
IF 3.827
Kaili Zhang,Yongguo Du,Shimin Chen
Ultrathin, high aspect ratio silver nanowires synthesized in solution has attracted significant attention for fabricating optoelectronic devices with good properties and relatively low cost, and has been the most promising material to replace ITO. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to synthesis ultrathin nanowires through facile one-pot polyol method using KBr as a co-nucleant to NaCl. The effect of three common nucleants NaCl, FeCl 3 and KBr on nucleation rate and product size were well studied. KBr is found to be beneficial for decreasing product size but unable to generate nanowires effectively alone. By adjusting the exact concentration of KBr, silver nanowires with an average length of 21 μm and average diameter of 26 nm could be synthesized conveniently. Conductive film prepared using these nanowires had transmittance over 90% and sheet resistance about 10 Ω/□, which is better than the average level of common ITO-glass and highly potential to be applied in optoelectronic applications.
研究领域:
纳米材料
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光电学
·
材料科学
·
纳米技术
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2022
·
IF 3.119
Xing-Xing Zeng,Shi-Hua Sang,Xiao-Yun Qi,Xiao-Feng Guo,Rui-Zhi Cui
Aiming at the composition of underground brines in the Sichuan Basin of China, stable phase equilibria in quaternary systems LiBr–NaBr–SrBr2–H2O and LiBr–KBr–SrBr2–H2O at 288.15 K are studied using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The solubilities of salts in the quaternary systems listed above are measured, and the corresponding equilibrium solid phases are identified using X-ray powder diffraction. As a result, the corresponding phase diagrams of the two quaternary systems are plotted, respectively. In the two stable phase diagrams, there is no solid solution or complex salt at 288.15 K. For the quaternary system LiBr–NaBr–SrBr2–H2O, there are two invariant points, five univariate curves, and four solid crystallization regions, which are LiBr·2H2O, NaBr, NaBr·2H2O, and SrBr2·6H2O, respectively, of which LiBr·2H2O has the smallest crystallization field, indicating that its solubility is the largest and it is the hardest to be precipitated from the saturated solution. There are one invariant point, three univariate curves, and three solid crystallization fields, corresponding to LiBr·2H2O, KBr, and SrBr2·6H2O in the quaternary system LiBr–KBr–SrBr2–H2O, respectively. The experimental results show that the solubilities of salts KBr, NaBr, and SrBr2 in the saturated solution decrease with the increasing concentration of LiBr, which indicates that LiBr has a strong salting out effect on KBr, NaBr, and SrBr2 in the solution.
研究领域:
化学
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材料科学
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN CHINESE UNIVERSITIES
·
2020
·Vol. 36
·期 6
·1234-1240
·
IF 1.063
Cui Ruizhi,Li Wu,Dong Yaping,Li Jun
The stable phase equilibria of quaternary systems LiBr-NaBr-MgBr 2 -H 2 O and LiBr-KBr-MgBr 2 -H 2 O at 298.15 K were studied by both experimental measurement(isothermal solution saturation method) and theoretical prediction(Pitzer model). The solubilities of the saturated solution have been determined experimentally and two stable phase diagrams and relevant water diagrams of the two quaternary systems were obtained. Results show that quaternary system LiBr-NaBr-MgBr 2 -H 2 O is hydrate II type as NaBr and NaBr·2H 2 O coexistence. Its phase diagram consists of only one invariant point, four univariant curves, and five crystallization fields. The quaternary system LiBr-KBr-MgBr 2 -H 2 O is a complex type as the double salt KBr·MgBr 2 ·6H 2 O formed. In addition to this double salt, the three single salts LiBr·2H 2 O, KBr and MgBr 2 ·6H 2 O also crystallize. In this paper, the solubilities of phase equilibria in above quaternary systems were also calculated by the Pitzer’s electrolyte solution model. All the needed parameters can be obtained from the literature or be fitted by experimental data. On the Basis of the experimental and calculated results, the phase diagram of the quaternary system was plotted for comparison. It shows that the calculation results are consistent with the experimental ones.
研究领域:
化学热力学
·
无机化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SOLUTION CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 1.3
Nie Guoliang,Cui Ruizhi,Ren Hongbao,Sang Shihua,Yang Qiuye,Li Wu
The underground brines in Sichuan Basin contain abundant major elements (e.g., Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cl) and high-value trace elements such as Li, Sr and Br, representing significant exploitable resources. Comprehensive investigation of their physicochemical properties is crucial for integrated resource development. This study systematically examined the phase equilibrium behavior of the quinary system NaBr–KBr–CaBr 2 –SrBr 2 –H 2 O and its quaternary subsystem NaBr–CaBr 2 –SrBr 2 –H 2 O at 298.15 K using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The ionic compositions of saturated solutions and corresponding equilibrium solid phases were experimentally determined, enabling construction of complete solid–liquid equilibrium phase diagrams at 298.15 K. Thermodynamic modeling was performed using the Pitzer model with ion-interaction parameters obtained from the literature. Results demonstrate agreement between predicted and experimental solubility values, with close correspondence between calculated and experimental phase boundaries, confirming the model’s applicability. This work provides the first fundamental phase equilibrium dataset for K/Ca/Sr/Br-containing poly-component systems of Sichuan Basin brines.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
·
2018
·
IF 3.146
Minglun Li,Yuyuan Lu,Lijia An
Using our recently proposed method to obtain salt and ion polarizabilities in aqueous solutions, we determine the polarizabilities of five salts (LiCl, NaCl, NaBr, KBr, and MgSO4) in water–acetonitrile, water–ethanol, and water–acetone solutions at eight different water–organic solvent compositions at the D-line of sodium (589.3 ± 0.1 nm). Setting Li+ as the reference ion, we determine the ion polarizabilities of Na+, Cl–, and Br– in binary liquid mixtures. Our results show that cation polarizability is nearly unaffected by solvent composition, but anion polarizability exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior with increasing mole fraction of the organic component in the liquid mixture. This suggests that ion polarizability in a solution is affected by the solvent. The results of salt and ion polarizabilities can be used as important reference data for physical chemistry, atmospheric science, and biophysics.
研究领域:
物理化学
·
大气科学
·
生物物理学
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高影响因子
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