POLYMER
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Qingyun Xia,Yu Wang,Ming He
With the rapid advancement of information technology and the increasing demand for data security, the development of information encryption materials and technologies with multidimensional responsiveness has become an important research focus in recent years. Herein, a salt-doped cellulose hydrogel was fabricated via a one-pot strategy using hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), acrylamide (AAm), and calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) as the starting materials. The strong hydration capability of CaCl 2 alters the structure and activity of water molecules, thereby restricting their mobility within the hydrogel network. By varying the CaCl 2 concentration, the hydrogel exhibits a tunable lower critical solution temperature (LCST) within the range of 22–35 °C. Furthermore, the rehydration kinetics of the polymer chains during the cooling process can be effectively regulated, enabling dynamic transparency transitions over a timescale of 100–400 s. By assembling hydrogels with varied CaCl 2 concentrations on a label, multilevel information encryption and dynamic data storage were achieved in temporal and thermal dimensions.
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2015
·
IF 6.723
Wen Jiang Zheng,Ning An,Jian Hai Yang,Jinxiong Zhou,Yong Mei Chen
Tough Al-alginate/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel has been synthesized by introducing an interpenetrating network with hybrid physically cross-linked alginate and chemically cross-linked PNIPAM. Varying the concentration of AlCl3 regulates the mechanical properties of the tough hydrogel and tunes its lower critical solution temperature (LCST) as well. The tough Al-alginate/PNIPAM exhibits 6.3 ± 0.3 MPa of compressive stress and 9.95 of uniaxial stretch. Tunability of LCST is also achieved in a wide range within 22.5–32 °C. A bending beam actuator and a four-arm gripper made of bilayer (Na-alginate/PNIPAM)/(Al-alginate/PNIPAM) hydrogel as prototype of all-hydrogel soft robotics are demonstrated. A finite element (FE) simulation model is developed to simulate the deformation of the soft robotics. The FE simulation not only reproduces the deformation process of performed experiments but also predicts more complicated devices that can be explored in the future. This work broadens the application of temperature-responsive PNIPAM-based hydrogels.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
软体机器人
·
聚合物水凝胶
·
刺激响应材料
·
生物医学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2023
·
IF 6
Xinyu Ma,Pan Du,Ben Niu,Jiaxuan Zhang,Huaisong Yong,Xianru He
Though the mechanism of temperature-induced lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in water is clear for the classic homopolymer poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), the LCST of other homopolymer or copolymer remains to be understood. In this work, a novel random copolymer poly(2-hydroxyethyl- co -methyl acrylate) (P(HEA- co -MA)) was prepared. The LCST of the copolymer P(HEA- co -MA) can vary from 11 °C to 65 °C by adjusting flexibly the ratio of the two monomers, showing a broad tunable range. The experimental results showed that the balance of hydrogen bond bridge formed by P(HEA- co -MA) in water and the hydrophobic interaction between polymers can cause the LCST transition of P(HEA- co -MA). An interesting observation is that the sharp phase transition (cosolvency) of P(HEA- co -MA) exists when a rather small amount of alcohol or water is added in polymer solutions at constant temperatures. Moreover, it was found that the increase of LCST is correlated with the increase of alcohol concentration in the water-rich regime, but the decrease of upper critical solution temperature (UCST) is related to the increase of water concentration in the alcohol-rich regime. This work shed light on the understanding of cosolvency by studying the solution behavior of copolymer P(HEA- co -MA) in mixed solvents, which can be of interest for the design of stimuli-responsive polymer materials by variation in solvent composition.
研究领域:
高分子化学
·
材料科学
·
物理化学
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Xiaoqiang Xue,Yangjing Chen,Xuepei Miao,Jian Liu,Yi Ding,Yuheng Zhang,Yunkai Sun,Wenyan Huang,Qimin Jiang,Hongting Pu
Environmentally sensitive polymer materials exhibit diverse properties due to their ability to respond to external environmental changes such as light, temperature, pH, and et al. These responses lead to corresponding alterations in their structure or state, resulting in unexpected performance. In this study, azo pyridine groups were introduced into the end groups and side chains of PNIPAM to synthesize two distinct polymer structures (PNIPAM-AZO and P (NIPAM- co -PAZO- co -OEGMA). This integration enables the polymers to respond to multiple stimuli, including temperature, light, pH, and gas (CO 2 ). A comprehensive investigation of the properties of these multi-responsive polymer materials was conducted. The findings reveal that the presence of azo pyridine units enables both polymers to modulate the (lower critical solution temperature) LCST of PNIPAM through UV, pH, and CO 2 , with a maximum temperature adjustment of 13 °C when CO 2 is introduced. This modulation range is influenced by the azo pyridine content in the polymer. Notably, when azo pyridine is present only at the polymer end group, the maximum LCST regulation range is limited to 3 °C. Moreover, the LCST of the two polymers can also be adjusted by pH. In the presence of carbonate ions, the protonation of azo pyridine by carbonic acid increases the solubility of the polymer and enhances the LCST. Introducing argon gas removes CO 2 , thereby restoring the polymer's solubility and LCST to their neutral condition levels. By alternately introducing CO 2 and argon gas, the LCST of the polymer exhibits cyclic changes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
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DOI
高影响因子
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·Vol. 45
·期 13
·5925-5932
·
IF 3.591
Cheng Zhou,Yan Chen,Mingjun Huang,Yi Ling,Liming Yang,Guochen Zhao,Jie Chen
A dual temperature-responsive triblock polymer (poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide)-block-poly(N,N-dimethyl acrylamide)-block-poly(acrylamide-co-acrylonitrile)) (P(AM-co-AN)-b-PDMA-b-PNIPAM) (NDAA) was obtained by sequential reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization,with the uncharged UCST temperature-sensitive block P(AM-co-AN) and the classic LCST-type temperature-sensitive block PNIPAM. This well-defined thermo-responsive copolymer with tunable compositions exhibits a dual thermal response behavior in water. Properly designing the length of the block can make the block copolymer undergo a phase transition within the envisaged temperature range. When the concentration is 5 wt%, the UCST of the NDAA polymer is around 20 °C, and the LCST is around 31 °C. All three blocks of these polymers are soluble in water within 20–31 °C. At high temperature, PNIPAM hydrophobically aggregates into a core, and NDAA self-assembles into a core1 (PNIPAM)–shell (PDMA)–corona1 (P(AM-co-AN)) structure. In contrast, at low temperatures, P(AM-co-AN) forms hydrogen bonds and is insoluble in water, and NDAA self-assembles into a core2–shell–corona2 structure. In this way, it is possible to prepare spontaneously reversible micellar aggregates in water. After the concentration reaches the lowest critical concentration, the NDAA polymer can undergo a reversible gel behavior, that is, a phase transition occurs near the UCST and LCST. This change in the polarity of the micelle core opens up the possibility of dissolving different compounds in water just by changing the temperature.
研究领域:
高分子化学
·
材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 9
·1248
·
IF 4.7
Pengzhi Bi,Xiuzhong Zhu,Li Tian,Jinbang Han,Wanbin Zhang,Tong Wang
In recent years, a great deal of work has been devoted to the development of thermoresponsive polymers that can be made into new types of smart materials. In this paper, a branched polymer, HTPB-g-(PNIPAM/PEG), with polyolefin chain segments as the backbone and having polyethylene glycol (PEG) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) as side chains was synthesized by ATRP and click reactions using N3-HTPB-Br as the macroinitiator. This initiator was designed and synthesized using hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as the substrate. The temperature-responsive behavior of the branched polymer was investigated. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the branched polymer was determined by ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis) and was found to be 35.2 °C. The relationship between the diameter size of micelles and temperature was determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). It was found that the diameter size changed at 36 °C, which was nearly consistent with the result obtained by UV-vis. The results of the study indicate that HTPB-g-(PNIPAM/PEG) is a temperature-responsive polymer. At room temperature, the polymer can self-assemble into composite micelles, with the main chain as the core and the branched chain as the shell. When the temperature was increased beyond LCST, the polyolefin main chain along with the PNIPAM branched chain assembled to form the nucleus, and the PEG branched chain constituted the shell.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MACROMOLECULAR RESEARCH
·
2013
·Vol. 21
·期 12
·1338-1348
·
IF 1.639
Xu Yiting,Xie Jianjie,Chen Lingnan,Yuan Conghui,Pan Yinyin,Cheng Ling,Luo Weiang,Zeng Birong,Dai Lizong
A novel organic/inorganic hybrid amphiphilic random copolymer poly(methacrylate isobutyl POSS- co -N-isopropylacrylamide- co -oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate- co -2-vinylpyridine), poly(MAPOSS- co -NIPAM- co -OEGMA- co -2VP), was synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The self-assembly behavior of random copolymers in aqueous solution was investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate the novel random copolymer in water could self-assemble into spherical aggregates and the self-aggregate size displays a remarkable dependence on pH. The stimuli-responsive characteristics of these assembles were tested by means of UV-vis spectra, DLS and TEM. There is a critic Zn 2+ concentration over which the aggregates can be coordinated into well-define spherical aggregate clusters. The critic Zn 2+ concentration can be tuned finely through adjusting solution concentration or 2VP amount. Results from UV-vis and DLS reveal that the copolymer solutions exhibit a sharp and intensive lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Some factors such as the solution concentration, molecular weight, pH and copolymer generation, which could affect the cloud point, were studied systematically. The essentially predetermined LCST can be achieved by altering the content of 2VP or pH. In addition, these novel hybrid aggregates can undergo an association/disassociation cycle with the heating and cooling of solution and the degree of reversibility shows a strong concentration dependence. As a novel organic-inorganic hybrid material which can respond to multiple external stimuli including temperature, pH, metal ions with sharp stimuli-responsive behaviors, it is potentially used for biomedicine, catalysis, diagnostics, bioseparations, biosensors and for fundamental investigation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
生物医药
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DOI
高影响因子
Polymer Chemistry
·
2014
·Vol. 6
·期 4
·625-632
·
IF 5.368
Daoyi Jiang,Gang Wang,Feng Zheng,Jin Han,Xuedong Wu
A novel “clawlike” dendritic monomer, 3, 2,3-bis((2,3-bis(ethylthio)propyl)-thio)propyl methacrylate was prepared and successfully incorporated into a thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel system by free radical polymerization. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of these hydrogels can be altered in the range of 31.0 °C to 81.1 °C by varying the amount of dendritic monomers and oxidants. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) demonstrated the successful preparation of hydrogels and the oxidation of the hydrogels. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to confirm the molar ratio of thioether and sulfoxide groups. The hydrogels containing thioether or sulfoxide groups show excellent absorption towards Ag+ ions, and every dendritic monomer and its oxidized derivative can capture on average 1.31 and 1.62 Ag+ ions, respectively. These Ag+ ions in the hydrogel were in situ reduced by NaBH4. Thioether or sulfoxide groups in the hydrogel made the size of Ag nanoparticles (about 20 nm) much smaller than those nanoparticles in PNIPAM hydrogel. These hydrogels containing thioether groups as oxidant scavengers and broad spectrum antimicrobial Ag nanoparticles may have promising application in dealing with infected wounds.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 3
·786
·
IF 5
Shijun Long,Jiacheng Huang,Jiaqiang Xiong,Chang Liu,Fan Chen,Jie Shen,Yiwan Huang,Xuefeng Li
Stimuli-responsive hydrogel actuators have attracted tremendous interest in switches and microrobots. Based onN-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) monomers with LCST phase separation and photochromic molecule spiropyran which can respond to ultraviolet light and H+, we develop a novel multistimuli-responsive co-polymer anisotropic bilayer hydrogel, which can undergo complex deformation behavior under environmental stimuli. Diverse bending angles were achieved based on inhomogeneous swelling. By controlling the environmental temperature, the bilayer hydrogels achieved bending angles of 83.4° and −162.4° below and above the critical temperature of PNIPAM. Stimulated by ultraviolet light and H+, the bilayer hydrogels showed bending angles of −19.4° and −17.3°, respectively. In addition, we designed a strategy to enhance the mechanical properties of the hydrogel via double network (DN). The mechanical properties and microscopic Fourier transform infrared (micro-FTIR) spectrum showed that the bilayer hydrogel can be well bonded at the interfaces of such bilayers. This work will inspire the design and fabrication of novel soft actuators with synergistic functions.Keywords:anisotropic structure;photochromic hydrogels;poly(N-isopropylacrylamide);stimuli-responsive hydrogels;soft actuators
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
软体机器人
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2014
·Vol. 55
·期 1
·223-230
·
IF 1.441
Zhao-Xia Li,Man-Geng Lu,Kun Wu,Yun-Fei Zhang,Lei Miao,Yin-Wen Li,Hui-Long Guo,Jian Zheng
A series of novel thermosensitive macroporous poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)- co -poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)- co -poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) hydrogels were synthesized via in situ free radical polymerization. Poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate) (PEGDAc) and poly(ε-caprolactone diacrylate) (PCLDAc) were prepared as macrocrosslinkers. All compounds were investigated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) results showed the lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) of the gels were at around 31°C. The macroporous gels not only had considerable swelling ratios, but also exhibited rapid swelling kinetics and response sensitivity. Above mentioned hydrogels showed a remarkable oscillatory swelling–deswelling transition, making them have potential application in long-term drug delivery. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 55:223–230, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 4.3
Zou Zhi,Xu Xiang,Zhao Hai-Tao,Cheng Jian-Nan,He Wei-Wei,Zhang Li-Fen,Cheng Zhen-Ping
Temperature-responsive polymers have garnered significant attention due to their ability to respond to external stimuli. In this work, dual temperature-responsive block copolymers are synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) polymerization utilizing zwitterionic monomer methacryloyl ethyl sulfobetaine (SBMA) and N -isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAAm) as monomers. The thermal responsive behaviors can be easily modulated by incorporating additional hydrophobic monomer benzyl acrylate (BN) or hydrophilic monomer acrylic acid (AA), adjusting concentration or pH, or varying the degree of polymerization of the block chain segments. The cloud points of the copolymers are determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and these copolymers exhibit both controlled upper and lower critical solubility temperatures (LCST and UCST) in aqueous solution. This study analyzes and summarizes the influencing factors of dual temperature responsive block copolymers by exploring the effects of various conditions on the phase transition temperature of temperature-sensitive polymers to explore the relationship between their properties and environment and structure to make them more selective in terms of temperature application range and regulation laws. It is very interesting that the introduction of poly-acrylic acid (PAA) segments in the middle of di-block copolymer PSBMA 55 - b -PNIPAAm 80 to form PSBMA 55 - b -PAA x - b -PNIPAAm 80 results in a reversal of temperature-responsive behaviors from ‘U’ (LCST < UCST) to ‘n’ (LCST > UCST) type, while the copolymer PSBMA 55 - b -P(NIPAAm 80 - co -AA x ) not. This work provides a clue for tuning the phase transition behavior of polymers for manufacture of extreme smart materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 42
·期 6
·826-837
·
IF 4.1
Yin Feng-Ming,Wu Li-Li,Li Shu-Sheng,Pan Xiao-Na,Zhu Xiao-Li,Jiang Xu-Bao,Kong Xiang Zheng
Non-aromatic fluorescent and multi-responsive materials, exhibiting inherent fluorescence emission and controlled phase change, have garnered significant attention in recent years. However, the underlying interaction between their fluorescent properties and phase transition remains unclear. In this study, we synthesized a series of catalyst-free aza-Michael addition-based polyethyleneimine (RFPEI) materials by reacting polyethyleneimine (PEI) with N -isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM). The resulting RFPEI was comprehensively characterized, and demonstrated dual-phase transition behavior (LCST and UCST) in water, which could be finely tuned by adjusting its composition or external factors such as pH. Notably, upon UV irradiation (365 nm), RFPEI exhibited strong fluorescence emission. We further investigated the effects of NIPAM grafting percentage to PEI, polymer concentration, and pH on the LCST/UCST and fluorescent properties of RFPEI aqueous solutions. Moreover, we showcased the great potential of RFPEI as a versatile tool for physiological cell imaging, trace detection, and controlled release of doxorubicin. Our study presents a novel class of stimuli-responsive fluorescent materials with promising applications in the field of biomedicine.
研究领域:
生物材料学
·
医学工程
·
高分子化学
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）