PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
·
2026
·
IF 4.6
Junlei Wang,Jinyu Li,Yunfei Xu,Haojie Guo,Shilong Li,Kun Wang
Flame-assisted spray pyrolysis (FASP) is emerging as a promising approach for synthesizing Ni-rich cathodes of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In conventional wet chemistry approaches, lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ) is frequently utilized as an effective flux to achieve enhanced battery performance; yet LiNO 3 is usually decomposed completely during current FASP that operates under high flame temperatures. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for LiNO 3 and transition metal nitrates (Ni, Co, Mn) reveals that they are actually starting (and finishing) decomposing in much lower temperatures than previous studies assumed. And more importantly, there exists a notable gap of decomposition temperature (up to 356 °C) between LiNO 3 and the transition metal nitrates. Based on these findings, the present study proposed a low-temperature strategy to achieve only partial decomposition of LiNO 3 during FASP and taking advantage of the fluxing function of LiNO 3 to realize improved electrochemical performance of Ni-rich cathodes for LIBs. Specifically, an experimentally and theoretically confirmed low-temperature ∼665 °C of the co-axil flame was designed, which was shown to completely decompose the three transition metal nitrates while only partially decompose LiNO 3 . The undecomposed LiNO 3 was characterized and shown to act as a flux during the subsequent calcination stage, promoting the formation of NCM811 with larger primary particles, improved structural ordering, and reduced Li + /Ni 2+ cation mixing. Consequently, the synthesized Ni-rich cathode material achieved superior cycling stability (86.4% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.33 C) and rate performance (136.8 mAh/g at 5 C), notably outperforming the samples by the controlling high-temperature (∼1180 °C) strategy. The findings of the present work offered a new conception for the effective synthesis of high-performance Ni-rich cathodes through flame-assisted spray pyrolysis. Novelty and significance statement The present study introduces a novel low-temperature FASP strategy that selectively retains undecomposed LiNO 3 to utilize its intrinsic fluxing properties. Thermogravimetric analysis identifies a > 350 °C decomposition gap between LiNO 3 and transition-metal nitrates, enabling controlled partial decomposition of LiNO 3 , in contrast to current high-temperature FASP that melts and decomposes all salts indiscriminately. The undecomposed LiNO 3 during synthesis enables the growth of single-crystal-like NCM811 with enhanced structural ordering and reduced cation mixing, leading to superior electrochemical performance, all within a rapid, one-step flame synthesis process. These findings reveal how tailored flame conditions can direct intermediate material evolution, offering the combustion community a new strategy for designing complex functional nanomaterials and advancing the role of flame synthesis in energy applications.
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高影响因子
Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 6
Jie Li,Menghao Li,Yu Li,Fan Wang,Xinqi Liang,Jiawei Zhang,Zexiang Shen,Minghua Chen
Achieving fast ion transport and stable interfacial chemistry at low temperatures through electrolyte design remains a major challenge for commercial LiFePO 4 ||Graphite (hereafter referred to as LFP||Gr) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, a weakly solvating ester-based electrolyte is formulated using ethyl acetate (EA), diethyl carbonate (DEC), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), and dimethoxyethane (DME) with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) and a LiNO 3 additive. Compared to systems employing large amounts of fluorinated solvents or high-concentration electrolytes, the solvent cost is reduced by using low-cost ester-based primary solvents. The tailored solvent environment promotes an anion-rich primary solvation sheath, which is conducive to promoting the formation of an inorganic-rich interfacial film on graphite anode surface, dominated by LiF and nitrogen-containing species, and lower the Li + desolvation energy barrier, resulting in accelerated interfacial Li + transport kinetics and enhanced graphite/electrolyte interfacial stability at low temperatures. As a result, the designed electrolyte shows excellent compatibility with both LiFePO 4 and graphite from ambient to low temperatures and provides enhanced rate capability relative to conventional carbonate electrolytes. High-mass-loading LFP||Gr full cells employing the designed electrolyte deliver 131.8 mAh g −1 at 2 C at ambient temperature and maintain 128 mAh g −1 at −30 °C, significantly surpassing the performance of cells with conventional carbonate-based electrolytes (12.7 and 108 mAh g⁻¹, respectively). This work provides a practical way to achieve commercial high-rate low-temperature graphite-based LIBs by regulating electrolyte solvation structure and the electrode/electrolyte interfacial structure. Download: Download high-res image (245KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 14
·1094
·
IF 4.3
Chuang Zhu,Wenxuan He,Manting Gu,Dan Zhang,Baiyuan Tian
LiNO3-NaNO3-KNO3-NaNO2has a relatively low phase-change temperature, making it suitable for low-temperature heat utilization systems. This study focuses on the performance optimization of the quaternary molten salt to advance its applicability. A series of nanocomposites consisting of nano-SiO2/MgO and the quaternary salt are prepared. Core thermophysical properties, including phase transition behaviors and thermal transport parameters, are quantified. The incorporation of nano-SiO2/MgO induces moderate adjustments to the melting point and latent heat yet demonstrates an obvious enhancement in specific heat capacity. Optimal doping at 0.7 wt.% SiO2and 0.3 wt.% MgO yields a molten-state specific heat of 1.51 J/(g·K), representing a 6% increase over the undoped base salt (1.42 J/(g·K)). By combining the thermal diffusivity properties of the samples, this study found that the doping of nanoparticles typically induces new structures in molten salts that tend to enhance the specific heat capacity while simultaneously reducing thermal diffusivity.
研究领域:
储能
·
纳米材料
·
热工工程
·
材料科学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Nano Research
·
2020
·Vol. 13
·期 9
·2431-2437
·
IF 8.183
Wang Zijian,Yang Kai,Song Yongli,Lin Hai,Li Ke,Cui Yanhui,Yang Luyi,Pan Feng
Lithium (Li) metal is one of the most promising anodes for next-generation energy storage systems. However, the Li dendrite formation and unstable solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) have hindered its further application. Lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ) is extensively used as an effective electrolyte additive in ether-based electrolytes to improve the stability of lithium metal. Nevertheless, it is rarely utilized in carbonate electrolytes due to its low solubility. Here, a novel gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with LiNO 3 additive is proposed to solve this issue. In this GPE, polyether-based PEO serves as a matrix for dissolving LiNO 3 which can be decomposed into a fast Li-ion conductor (Li 3 N) in conventional carbonate electrolytes to enhance the stability and Li + conductivity of the SEI film. As a result, dendrite formation is effectively suppressed, and a significantly improved average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 97.2% in Li-Cu cell is achieved. By using this novel GPE coupled with Li anode and LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 O 2 (NMC532), excellent capacity retention of 94.1% and high average CE of over 99.2% are obtained after 200 cycles at 0.5 C. This work presents fresh insight into practical modification strategies on high-voltage Li metal batteries.
研究领域:
电化学
·
材料科学
·
能源存储
·
高分子化学
·
界面化学
·
锂电池技术
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高影响因子
Journal of Energy Storage
·
2022
·
IF 8.907
Hui Wang,Enda Ci,Xiaoqing Li,Ying Zhang,Zhenying Zhang,Jianqiang Li
A new eutectic mixture phase change material containing magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and lithium nitrate has been successfully prepared, which can be applied in the field of residential radiator heating due to the suitable phase change temperature and high latent heat. Further, by physical blending magnesium nitrate hexahydrate/lithium nitrate eutectic mixtures and expanded graphite, the new composites were prepared. The crystalline structure, thermal properties, corrosion performance of eutectic phase change materials were systematically measured. The results showed that the best eutectic mixtures had a phase change temperature of 72.35 °C and latent heat of 170.32 kJ/kg, with a little supercooling degree. The thermal conductivity was effectively improved by adding expanded graphite. Meanwhile, corrosion tests suggested aluminum and stainless steel 304 could be the preferred choices as the container. Overall, the prepared eutectic composite materials with superior performances could be a promising candidate for the residential radiator heating field.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
热能存储技术
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高影响因子
VACUUM
·
2026
·
IF 4.3
Zhipeng Jing,Aimin Liu,Xiaoqing Lu,Zihao Xu,Jinhui Wang,Fengguo Liu,Xianwei Hu,Zhenkun He,Zhongning Shi
Samarium-iron (Sm-Fe) permanent magnets represent a significant class of magnetic materials whose comprehensive magnetic properties are comparable to those of NdFeB magnets, and serve as one of the principal raw materials for producing the fourth-generation rare earth magnetic material SmFeN. In this study, Sm(CF 3 SO 3 ) 3 and FeCl 2 were dissolved in a solvated ionic liquid composed of 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) and LiNO 3 , and attempts were made to electrodeposit Sm-Fe alloy films at room temperature. The electrochemical behaviors of Sm(III) and Fe(II) in this ionic liquid were investigated using cyclic voltammetry. Furthermore, Sm-Fe films were electrodeposited from a DMI-LiPF 6 -Sm(CF 3 SO 3 ) 3 -FeCl 2 electrolyte, and the influence of deposition potential and metal salt molar ratio on the microscopic morphology of cathodic plating were investigated. The results indicate that the co-deposition of Sm with Fe can be achieved in this system, in which the reduction of Sm(III) proceeds via a two-step mechanism. The reduction of Sm(III) to Sm(II) is a diffusion-controlled irreversible process, with a diffusion coefficient of 5.34 × 10 −9 cm 2 /s at 333 K. The main phase identified in the cathode product was Sm 2 Fe 17 , in which the mass fractions of Sm and Fe were 32.57% and 19.80%, respectively. When the molar ratios of Sm(CF 3 SO 3 ) 3 to FeCl 2 were set at 20:1 and 60:1, Sm-Fe films with smooth and flat surfaces were successfully obtained by electrodeposition at potentials of −2.4 V and −2.6 V (vs. Ag).
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2014
·
IF 2.045
Xizhuo Jiang,Wenjie Xiong,Yun Li,Danxing Zheng,Xiao Wang,Lin Shi
This research introduced two new absorption working pairs which have better energy storage performance than LiBr + H2O and lower cost than other working pairs in literature. The two working pairs are both quaternary systems: LiBr + LiNO3 + LiCl + H2O and LiBr + LiCl + 1,3-propanediol + H2O. Vapor pressures of the two quaternary systems were measured with the boiling point method at temperatures from (318.07 to 443.02) K and (324.78 to 419.40) K, respectively, with the both mass fractions of absorbent species from 0.40 to 0.65. The experimental data agree well with the calculated data from the Antoine-type equation. Compared with traditional working fluids of absorption cycle and ionic liquids, results show that the two quaternary systems studied in this work have lower vapor pressures, which will benefit energy release process in absorption energy storage/release systems.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
热力学
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高影响因子
APPLIED ENERGY
·
2022
·
IF 11.446
Qingyang Luo,Xianglei Liu,Qiao Xu,Yang Tian,Haichen Yao,Jianguo Wang,Shushan Lv,Chunzhuo Dang,Yimin Xuan
Focusing on the development of the next generation latent heat thermal energy storage (TES), molten salt is one of the most promising candidates, while it suffers from small thermal charging rate and low energy storage density. Adding ceramic nanoparticles (NPs) with high thermal conductivity and high chemical stabilities has been proposed to alleviate above problems. However, it’s very challenging to enhance both thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity ( C p ) simultaneously. Besides, induced viscosity increment by NPs will instead reduce the thermal charging rate of TES system, due to suppressed natural convection of molten salts. Herein, concurrent enhancement in solidus thermal conductivity and C p is demonstrated by doping MgO NPs into LiNO 3 /NaCl, which are improved by 63.5 % and 32.3 % at 4 wt%, respectively. The underlying mechanism is attributed to very low interfacial thermal resistance ( R b = 2.424 × 10 −9 K·m 2 ·W −1 ) between MgO and LiNO 3 /NaCl. Benefiting from enhanced C p , the total energy storage density increases from 662.9 J·g −1 to 671.7 J·g −1 for temperature range of 50–300 °C despite decreased phase change enthalpy. The viscosity has a sharp increase from 4.2 cP to 22.4 cP when NPs concentration rises from 0 wt% to 10 wt% at 360 °C. When being applied in TES system, the optimal concentration of MgO NPs is found to be 4 wt%. The thermal charging rate of TES system is suppressed when NPs concentration is too low or too high due to limited thermal conduction and inhibited natural convection, respectively. Viscosity is verified as important as thermal conductivity in system level evaluation. This work helps to guide the design of high-performance molten salts in TES system, so as to achieve both faster thermal charging rate and higher energy storage density.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2021
·
IF 9.127
Yaozong Yang,Zhao Yang,Yuesong Xu,Zhaolin Li,Nana Yao,Jie Wang,Zhenhe Feng,Ke Wang,Jingying Xie,Hailei Zhao
Recently, silicon suboxide (SiO) attracts much attention as a promising anode material for high energy density lithium-ion batteries due to its high specific capacity. However, the active particle pulverization together with repeated rupture/reconstruction of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film upon lithiation/delithiation process has been a critical issue that deteriorates the electrode cycling stability and therefore impedes its deployment in commercial batteries. To address this challenge, herein, vinylene carbonate (VC) and lithium nitrate (LiNO 3 ) are employed as synergistic additives to improve the electrode-electrolyte interface property. To circumvent the low solubility in carbonate solvent, LiNO 3 is incorporated directly into the electrode while VC still into the electrolyte solution . The synergistic addition of LiNO 3 and VC enhances the electrode reaction kinetics and improves significantly the cycling stability of the SiO anode. The SiO electrode with simultaneous addition of LiNO 3 and VC delivers a high reversible capacity of 1062.3 mA h g −1 and an excellent cycling performance with 94.5% capacity retention and 99.80% Coulombic efficiency for 160 cycles, demonstrating the superior effectiveness of VC and LiNO 3 in modulating the interface chemistry and structure of SiO anode.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
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高影响因子
Energy & Environmental Science
·
2015
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·224-231
·
IF 20.523
Lina Wang,Jingyuan Liu,Shouyi Yuan,Yonggang Wang,Yongyao Xia
Li–S batteries generally suffer from severe self-discharge when resting due to an internal polysulfide shuttle effect. Soluble long-chain polysulfide species (Li2Sx, 4 ≤ x ≤ 8) would continue to dissolve and migrate to the negative side to react with metallic Li. Here, we demonstrate pronounced suppression of polysulfide shuttle using an ionic liquid of the N-methyl-N-propylpiperidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (PP13TFSI)-based electrolyte. When working in combination with LiNO3, zero self-discharge can be achieved to rest a full-charged Li–S cell for two days. The fascinating study clearly demonstrates that a promising practical Li–S battery with low self-discharge depends on both improvements on polysulfide diffusion control and Li-metal stabilization.
研究领域:
电化学
·
材料科学
·
能源存储
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2026
·Vol. 71
·期 8
·3669-3680
·
IF 2.4
Wu Shasha,Li Wenyu,Yang Li,Chen Zhen,Qin Yuanhang,Yuan Lunyong,Sun Wei
This study systematically investigates the influence
of lithium
nitrate (LiNO 3 ) modification on the gas adsorption characteristics
of UiO-66. The adsorption isotherms for carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrogen (N 2 ) were acquired
within a pressure range of 0 to 20 bar. The results from the cyclic
testing indicate that the UiO-66–0.05LiNO 3 variant
exhibits commendable stability. Notably, the incorporation of LiNO 3 enhances the CO 2 adsorption capacity by 29.48%,
reaching 2.24 mmol·g –1 at a pressure of 1 bar.
This is attributed to the introduction of lithium ions, which enhance
the electrostatic interaction between CO 2 and the MOF.
Analysis of the high-pressure data reveals that the Langmuir–Freundlich
model provides the most robust fit, whereas the Langmuir and Dual-site
Langmuir models demonstrate increased discrepancies as pressure escalates.
According to calculations based on the Ideal Adsorption Solution Theory
(IAST), the maximum selectivity of the material for the CO 2 /CH 4 and CO 2 /N 2 mixtures is 11.5
and 56.0, respectively. These results suggest that LiNO 3 modification significantly enhances both the adsorption capacity
and the selectivity for CO 2 separation.
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高影响因子
IONICS
·
2019
·Vol. 25
·期 11
·5353-5360
·
IF 2.289
Ren Xiaoying,Xu Tao,Du Junlin,Pu Zhaohui,Wang Runbo,Wu Zhu
High-temperature battery system operated at or below 300 °C is highly desired for geothermal borehole applications. However, it remains a challenge to find suitable electrode materials meeting the need of wide borehole temperature. In this study, the discharge performance of Li 2 MoO 4 /LiNO 3 -KNO 3 /Li-Mg-B alloy battery system was studied over the temperature range of 150~300 °C with different current densities ranging from 10 to 30 mA cm −2 . The electrochemical test result showed that the single cell delivered maximum discharge capacity at 250 °C, with value of 1178.6 mAh g −1 at a current density of 10 mA cm −2 . Besides, it is found that the discharge capacities of the single cell increased as the current density rose at 300 °C attributed to the enhanced ionic conductivity at high temperature. As a result, the Li 2 MoO 4 /LiNO 3 -KNO 3 /Li-Mg-B alloy system is capable of being used in instrumentation for geothermal and oil/gas borehole explore between 200 and 250 °C.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
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高影响因子
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