Journal of Magnesium and Alloys
·
2020
·
IF 7.115
Shaolong Li,Yusi Che,Chenyao Li,Yongchun Shu,Jilin He,Bin Yang,Jianxun Song
The electrochemical behavior of Mg 2+ and Al 3+ in LiCl-KCl (mass 4: 1) melt at 973 K was studied on a Mo electrode systematically by cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. The results showed that the reductions of Mg 2+ and Al 3+ were reversible processes controlled by the rate of the mass transfer. When Mg 2+ and Al 3+ coexisted in LiCl-KCl melt, they had no significant effect on the reduction potential of each other. The equilibrium potentials of Mg 2+ /Mg and Al 3+ /Al were obtained by open circuit potential method. Their apparent standard potentials were also calculated in this system and the values were −2.52 V vs Cl 2 /Cl − , −1.66 V vs Cl 2 /Cl − , respectively. Correspondingly, the apparent Gibbs free energies of Mg 2+ /Mg and Al 3+ /Al were −485.71 kJ/mol, −480.78 kJ/mol. Finally, potentiostatic electrolysis was performed on a Mo electrode in LiCl-KCl-MgCl 2 -AlCl 3 (the mass ratio of MgCl 2 to AlCl 3 was 10:1) melt at different potentials. The components of the deposits were characterized by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The study revealed that the content of Al in the deposit decreased as the overpotential increased and Al tended to segregate at the grain boundaries.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Jiawei Mao,Tianping Huang,Subrata Panda,Jianxin Zou,Wenjiang Ding
In this work, Mg(In) and Mg(Ag) solid-solution ultrafine particles were successfully synthesized by using a direct current (DC) arc-plasma method and their hydrogen storage and hydrolysis behaviors were thoroughly investigated. In particular, microstructural analyses clearly reveal that MgH 2 @MgIn and MgH 2 @MgAg composites are autogenerated upon hydrogenation via the formation of nano MgIn or MgAg intermetallic phase on MgH 2 : Mg(In/Ag) + H 2 ⟷ MgH 2 + MgIn/MgAg. Upon dehydrogenation, in-situ TEM observations confirm that the reverse reaction occurs through the diffusion of In/Ag from the MgIn/MgAg phase to MgH 2 . Such a diffusion process is coupled with the decomposition of MgH 2 , leading to the microstructural transition from MgH 2 @MgIn or MgH 2 @MgAg to corresponding solid solutions. For Mg-In system, the discovery of the intermediate phase Mg 3 In through in-situ TEM observation indicates that the dehydrogenation process is a two-step reaction dominated by the diffusion of In. Meantime, the improved hydrolysis performances of the MgH 2 @MgIn and MgH 2 @MgAg composites are primarily attributed to the direct participation of MgIn/MgAg in the hydrolysis reaction, providing more active sites for accelerating hydrogen yield. Therefore, the introduction of In or Ag into Mg has provided with noticeable improvements in the hydrogen storage as well as the hydrolysis properties of MgH 2 .
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Advanced Energy Materials
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 34
·2201675
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IF 29.698
Wenbo Liu,Xin Sui,Changkun Cai,He Huang,Rui Xu,Dongsheng Geng,Mingyang Chen,Jun Lu
Mg-CO 2 batteries, which exploit the greenhouse gas CO 2 as cathode active species, are an appealing next-generation battery candidate due to their high efficiency energy storage and value-added CO 2 utilization. However, compared with other metal-CO 2 systems, few aprotic Mg-CO 2 batteries have been reported so far as a result of several crucial problems including the comparatively slow redox reaction kinetics, a large decomposition energy barrier of the reduction products, and poor reversibility in their multi-electron three-phase cathodic reactions in nonaqueous environments. Herein, a rechargeable Mg-CO 2 battery is developed by using a Mo 2 C-CNTs catalytic cathode, a nonaqueous electrolyte, and a magnesium metal anode. The Mo 2 C-CNTs catalytic cathode can greatly reduce the charge overpotential of the Mg-CO 2 battery through tuning the CO 2 reduction pathways. The results of a variety of ex situ and in situ experiments as well as theoretical calculations show the Mo 2 C catalyst not only induces surface molecular adsorption for faster reaction kinetics but also improves the selectivity toward MgC 2 O 4 in the CO 2 reduction process for a higher Faraday efficiency. An exceptional low voltage hysteresis is achieved for the Mg-CO 2 battery. This work demonstrates a promising strategic option for rechargeable nonaqueous Mg-CO 2 batteries for simultaneously addressing energy and environmental issues.
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MATERIALS LETTERS
·
2023
·
IF 3
Hongda Gui,Fei Xu
Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) attract interests as advantageous energy-storage devices, but the application is being hampered by the deficiency of suitable cathodes. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are promising selections because of the flexible organic polymer chains and open matrix. Herein, a new family of COF-based polyimide cathodes is synthesized and investigated as RMB cathodes. The COF cathode exhibits a high Mg-storage capacity of 120 mAh g −1 , as well as high rate capability and good cycleability, suggesting COFs would be a promising family of cathode materials for RMBs.
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RSC Advances
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 23
·13839-13847
·
IF 3.361
Guan-Zhong Wang,Yao Liu,De-Bin Ji,Ling-Yue Zhu,De-Qiang Ji,Dan-dan Yuan,Mi-Lin Zhang,Hong-Jun Wu
Mg–Li based alloys have been widely used in various fields. However, the widespread use of Mg–Li based alloys were restricted by their poor properties. The addition of rare earth element in Mg–Li can significantly improve the properties of alloys. In the present work, different electrochemical methods were used to investigate the electrochemical behavior of Y(III) on the W electrode in LiCl–KCl melts and LiCl–KCl–MgCl2 melts. In LiCl–KCl melts, typical cyclic voltammetry was used to study the electrochemical mechanism and thermodynamic parameters for the reduction of Y(III) to metallic Y. In LiCl–KCl–MgCl2 melts, the formation mechanism of Mg–Y intermetallic compounds was investigated, and the results showed that only one kind of Mg–Y intermetallic compound was formed under our experimental conditions. Mg–Li–Y alloys were prepared via galvanostatic electrolysis, and XRD and SEM equipped with EDS analysis were used to analyze the samples. Because of the restrictions of EDS analysis, ICP-AES was used to analyze the Li content in Mg–Li–Y alloys. The microhardness and Young's modulus of the Mg–Li–Y alloys were then evaluated.
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JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
·
2020
·
IF 3.104
Mei Li,Yongcheng Zhang,Haiming Li,Hailing Jiang,Wei Han,Yang Sun
In the present work, cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV) and chronopotentiometry (CP) were used to investigate the electrochemical coreduction behaviors of La(III) and Mg(II) as well as La(III), Mg(II) and Mn(II) on Mo electrode in LiCl + KCl molten salts. CV and SWV results exhibit that the coreduction mechanism of La (III) and Mg(II) on Mo electrode is that La(III) is reduced and Mg–La intermetallic compound is formed, leading to the deposition potential of La(III) shifting to more positive one. The electrochemical signals pertaining to the formation of metallic La, Mg and Mn as well as Mg–La intermetallic compound are also observed by coreduction of La(III), Mg(II), and Mn(II) in LiCl + KCl molten salt on the inert Mo electrode. However, the electrochemical signals associated with the formation of La–Mn and Mg–Mn alloys are not observed, which means that the depolarization effect of La(III) and Mg(II) does not occur on pre-deposited Mn electrode. The Mg–La–Mn alloys were formed by co-deposition of La(III), Mg(II), and Mn(II) on Mo electrode at various concentration ratios of La(III) and Mg(II). The results of scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction displays that the Mg–La–Mn alloys are comprised of La–Mg compound Mg 17 La 2 , Mg and Mn phases. The concentration ratio of La(III) and Mn(II) has few effects on the alloy composition .
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JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2020
·Vol. 167
·期 14
·146508
·
IF 3.721
Shaolong Li,Yusi Che,Jianxun Song,Yongchun Shu,Jilin He,Baoqiang Xu,Bin Yang
Thermodynamic and kinetic properties of Mg(II) in LiCl-KCl eutectic melt were investigated by electrochemical techniques. The diffusion coefficients of Mg(II) in the melt at various temperatures were studied by cyclic voltammetry, and the activation energy of Mg(II)/Mg was calculated to be (48.5 ± 3.7) kJ mol−1. The exchange current densities and reaction rate constants of Mg(II)/Mg at different temperatures from 773 K to 873 K were calculated by testing polarization curves on Mo electrode, and results showed that the exchange current densities became larger as the temperature increased. Equilibrium potentials of Mg(II)/Mg on Mo electrode and liquid Zn electrode were also tested by open circuit potential method. Subsequently, the apparent standard potential of Mg(II)/Mg, apparent standard Gibbs energy for the formation of MgCl2 and activity coefficients of Mg in the liquid Zn were calculated. Finally, metallic Mg was extracted in the form of Zn-Mg alloys by galvanostatic electrolysis on liquid Zn electrode. The deposit was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Mg2Zn11 was detected in the deposit.
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Scientific Reports
·
2017
·Vol. 7
·期 1
·1-11
·
IF 4.259
Shi Yong-juan,Pei Jia,Zhang Jian,Niu Jia-lin,Zhang Hua,Guo Sheng-rong,Li Zhong-hua,Yuan Guang-yin
A strategy of suppressing the fast degradation behaviour of Mg-based biomaterials by the introduction of one of Mg degradation products Mg(OH) 2 was proposed according to the following degradation mechanism, Mg + 2H 2 O ⇋ Mg(OH) 2 + H 2 ↑. Specifically, Mg(OH) 2 submicron particles were mixed into poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) to synthesize a composite coating onto hydrofluoric acid-pretreated Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy. The in vitro degradation investigations showed that the addition of Mg(OH) 2 particles not only slowed down the corrosion of Mg matrix, but also retarded the formation of gas pockets underneath the polymer coating. Correspondingly, cytocompatibility results exhibited significant improvement of proliferation of endothelial cells, and further insights was gained into the mechanisms how the introduction of Mg(OH) 2 particles into PLLA coating affected the magnesium alloy degradation and cytocompatibility. The present study provided a promising surface modification strategy to tailor the degradation behaviour of Mg-based biomaterials.
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International Journal of Electrochemical Science
·
2023
·
IF 1.5
Huanghua Zhang,Yuming Zhao,Jinhui Liu,Jilei Xu,Dong Guo,Chenxu Li,Xianghong Zhou,Peixu Yang,Shaojun Zhang
The corrosion behavior of Mg-7Nd and Mg-10Y binary alloys were investigated through scanning electron microscope observation, hydrogen evolution, weight loss experiment and electrochemical test. It was found that the corrosion rates of two alloys are mainly influenced by the micro-galvanic corrosion between the second phase and α-Mg matrix, and the second phases (Mg 12 Nd and Mg 24 Y 5 ) have a higher activity than α-Mg matrix and act as an anode to corrode preferentially during the micro-galvanic corrosion process. Mg-7Nd alloy has a faster corrosion rate than Mg-10Y alloy due to the fact that it contains more second phase and the second phase containing Nd elements is more reactive. The different distribution of rare earth elements in the alloy can lead to different corrosion morphology.
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COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2022
·
IF 5.767
Wanjun Zhao,Qingjie Jiao,Pengwan Chen,Shi Yan,Yanli Zhu,Bi Zhang,Xin Zeng,Dazhi Liu,Yapeng Ou,Fang Wang
Zn has been incorporated into Mg via centrifugal atomization in this work. The prepared Mg-Zn alloys have been characterized via SEM/EDS and XRD . The thermal behavior and combustion of Mg-Zn alloys have been tested by TG/DSC and laser ignition. Then, Mg-Zn alloys have been applied in pyrotechnics with PTFE as the oxidizer , followed by measuring the reactivity and ignition delay . Mg-5%Zn and Mg-10%Zn alloys consisting of α-Mg and eutectic phase (α-Mg and MgZn 2 ) in a high degree of sphericity with evenly distributed Zn were obtained. Thermal behavior characterization indicates that the oxidation of Mg-Zn alloys initiates ∼50 °C earlier than Mg along with a higher oxidation rate, which could be attributed to the lower melting point of MgZn 2 and Zn. In addition, the oxidation rate of Mg-Zn alloys is also higher than Mg that is the result of significantly lower apparent activation energy of Mg-Zn alloys than Mg. Due to the great discrepancy of melting and evaporation point between Mg, MgZn 2 , and Zn, a visible microexplosion phenomenon has been observed during the combustion process of Mg-Zn alloys. Then, Mg-Zn alloys have been applied as the fuel to replace Mg in Mg/PTFE pyrotechnics. The ignition delay of Mg-Zn/PTEE composites is shorter than that of Mg/PTFE, which is due to the easier oxidization initiation of Mg-Zn alloys compared to Mg. Besides, the lower melting and evaporation points of MgZn 2 and Zn than Mg can accelerate the combustion of Mg-Zn alloys, leading to the improved peak pressure and reaction rate of Mg-Zn/PTEE. Thus, the lower apparent activation energy of Mg-Zn alloys and the lower melting point of MgZn 2 and Zn could promote the energetic kinetics of Mg-Zn alloys synergistically. Above all, the prepared Mg-Zn alloys in this study are ambitious candidates in pyrotechnics for controllable ignition and reactivity kinetics.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2011
·
IF 4.057
Y.J. Chai,Z.Y. Liu,H.N. Gao,Z.Y. Zhao,N. Wang,D.L. Hou
A nanoporous Ni layer on the surface of Mg was prepared utilizing the reduction reaction of Ni 2+ by Mg in NiCl 2 .12H 2 O solution. XRD result showed that the product was composed of cubic Ni, hexagonal Mg and little Mg(OH) 2 . SEM and TEM results suggested that a nanoporous Ni layer microencapsulated Mg and formed Ni@Mg. The specific surface area of Ni@Mg formed in this reaction was 65.3 m 2 /g. Hydrogen uptake increased as the temperature increased. Moreover, Ni@Mg showed a reversible hydriding-dehydriding process without formation of the stable hydrides, which indicated that the nanoporous Ni layer on the surface of Mg showed an obvious physisorption characteristics rather than hydrogen storage behavior of Mg.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Zhizheng Xiang,Zhongqiu Tong,Haowei Yang,Jie Yu,Yingjun Xiao,Yueming Wang,Shaoyuan Li,Xingang Li,Mikhail M. Mikhailov,Wenhui Ma
Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) technology is considered an effective path to address the challenges of global warming and energy consumption due to its zero-energy feature. To accelerate the wide application of PDRC technology, realization of low-cost preparation is the key and still challenging. Additionally, it is necessary to endow these materials with high UV- and water-resistant characters for outdoor long-term service. In this work, a low-cost fabrication strategy to prepare a Mg-doped NaAlSiO 4 (Mg:NaAlSiO 4 ) with UV- and water-resistant properties is proposed. The material is prepared by annealing Mg-doped montmorillonite clay (Mg 0.5 Al 1.5 (Si 4 O 10 )(OH) 2 ·4H 2 O, Mg:MTT) with additives of Na 2 CO 3 and Al(OH) 3 . Blended with poly(4-methyl-pentene) (TPX) for testing, the hybrid membrane demonstrates a solar reflectance of 91.8 % in the wavelength of 250–2500 nm and an IR emittance of 95 % in the wavelength of 2.5–25 μm. Theoretical analysis shows that a temperature decrease of 5.5 °C is achieved under directed sunlight radiation at noon with a cooling power of 95.3 W m −2 . It is noteworthy that after 480 h of a simulated UV daylight radiation of 32 mW cm −2 there is only a slight decrease in the coefficient of reflection of solar radiation (3.5 %) with a negligible decrease of IR emittance. Additionally, a small (2.8 %) degradation of solar reflectance and a negligible decrease of IR emittance are observed after 480 h exposure in a 95 %-humidity environment at 50 °C. Theoretical calculations show that a large band gap of 4.9 eV and a small absorption energy of −0.083 eV ( i.e. -8.0 kJ mol −1 ) for the Mg:NaAlSiO 4 are the reasons of the UV- and water-resistant properties, respectively.
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