IONICS
·
2019
·Vol. 26
·期 1
·263-272
·
IF 2.289
Luo X. Y.,Meng B.,Xia Z. D.,Chen Q. B.,Dong D. Z.,Zhao M. Y.
In order to investigate the effects of Na 2 CO 3 /ZnO co-addition on the sinterability and electrical conductivity of BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.1 Sc 0.1 O 3-δ (BZCYSc) ceramic, Na 2 CO 3 and ZnO were added and BZCYSc/ZnO/Na 2 CO 3 ceramic was prepared by mechanical ball milling and high-temperature sintering in air. The crystalline structure, micro-morphology, chemical composition, density, and electrical conductivity of the sintered ceramics were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, Archimedes method, and electrochemical impedance spectrum, respectively. The grains size of BZCYSc-2%ZnO-5%Na 2 CO 3 is about 2.5~5 μm. Na 2 CO 3 /ZnO co-addition is beneficial to improve the sinterability and electrical conductivity of BZCYSc. The sintering temperature of BZCYSc can be lowered from 1550 to 1350 °C when 2 mol%ZnO is added. At 550 °C, the electrical conductivities of BZCYSc-2%ZnO-10%Na 2 CO 3 and BZCYSc are 1.90 × 10 −3 S/cm and 1.81 × 10 −3 S/cm. The activation energies of BZCYSc and BZCYSc-2%ZnO-10%Na 2 CO 3 are 0.7529 eV and 0.5641 eV, respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
无机非金属材料
·
固态离子学
·
能源材料
·
陶瓷工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Energies
·
2020
·Vol. 13
·期 14
·3668
·
IF 2.702
Xiaobo Wang,Anqi Liu,Zengli Zhao,Haibin Li
Raw syngas conditioning using molten salts was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of the reaction conditions, including temperature, gas velocity, bubble diameter, molten salt static liquid heights, and inlet gas composition, on the composition of the syngas product and the properties of the spent molten salts were investigated. The molten salt absorbed CO2in all of the experiments (at temperatures from 350 °C to 500 °C) and decreased its concentration down to 1%. The H2/CO increased from 0.94 to a maximum of 11.0, which may meet most of the synthetic process’ requirements. The temperature, gas velocity, and molten salt static liquid heights had significant effects on the H2and CO concentrations in the gas product. Molten salt raw syngas conditioning can be a suitable follow-up procedure for gasification and pyrolysis.
研究领域:
能源工程
·
化学工程
·
可再生能源
·
气化技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2021
·
IF 5.909
Xue-Ze Wang,Yang-Hai Zheng,Yun Xue,Yong-De Yan,Fu-Qiu Ma,Mi-Lin Zhang,Hai-Yun Bai,Zi-Qi Kou,Jian-Peng Liu
With the continuous development of the nuclear industry, there is an urgent need to find a method that can safely and efficiently dispose of spent resins. Molten salt oxidation (MSO) is a promising waste treatment technology . In this paper, the newly shipped resins were used to simulate the actual spent ion exchange resins . The destruction of the resins is mainly divided into three stages. The addition of oxygen can increase the activation energy ( E ) required for the reaction. Some solid residues which were proved to be amorphous carbon materials generated after MSO. In the high-resolution XPS spectra of C 1s, the C-S bond disappeared after MSO at 400 ℃ for 2 h proved the destruction of the sulfonic acid groups. The core-level scan XPS spectra of S 2p illustrated that sulfur and sulfonyl bridges were formed after sulfonic acid groups were destroyed. The infrared spectrum also showed that the sulfonic acid groups were destroyed at 400 ℃ to form sulfonyl structure, but sulfur bridges were not found due to its small IR absorptions. In this paper, the ternary eutectic Li 2 CO 3 -Na 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 , can be operated efficiently at a relatively low temperature. The generated sulfur dioxide is captured by the carbonate to form sulfate. These merits make MSO become a promising and environmentally friendly approach for the treatment of sulfur-containing organic waste.
研究领域:
核工业废物处理
·
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Polymer Science
·
2021
·
IF 2.642
Jianye Wang,Zhu Wang,Haifeng Liu,Song Wang,Yifeng Sun
Na2CO3 was loaded onto waste carbide slag (CS) by impregnation-calcination method to prepare the solid base catalyst, which was used to synthesize glycerol carbonate (GC) by the transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate (DMC). The prepared catalysts were characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunner−Emmet−Teller (BET) techniques. The catalyst 15 wt.% Na2CO3-CS-800, which was prepared by impregnating CS to the Na2CO3 solution with the concentration of 15 wt.% weight of CS and calcined at 800°C for 3 hours, showed an excellent catalytic ability. When it was applied in the catalytic synthesis of GC, 98.1% glycerol conversion and 96.0% GC yield were achieved in 90 mins at 75°C with the catalyst dosage of 3 wt.% to total reactants and the DMC to glycerol molar ratio of 5. More importantly, the loading of Na2CO3 can effectively improve the reusability of catalyst. The 15 wt.% Na2CO3-CS-800 can still achieve 83.6% glycerol conversion and 80.5% GC yield after five-time reuse. Meanwhile, under the same reaction conditions, the CS-800, which was obtained by calcining CS at 800°C for 3 hours, experienced significant activity reduction with only 15.2% glycerol conversion and 14.1% GC yield after five-time reuse. FTIR and XRD characterization revealed that CO32- might play a key role in preserving active catalytic CaO component by forming protective CaCO3 shell on the catalyst surface.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化
·
绿色化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 2
·453
·
IF 3.426
Jufang Zhu,Qiuying Li,Yanchao Che,Xingchen Liu,Chengcheng Dong,Xinyu Chen,Chao Wang
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/carboxyl methyl cellulose sodium (CMC)/Na2CO3composite films with different contents of Na2CO3were prepared by blending and solution-casting. The effect of Na2CO3on the microstructure of PVA/CMC composite film was analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Its macroscopic properties were analyzed by water sorption, solubility, and dielectric constant tests. The results show that the microstructure of PVA/CMC/Na2CO3composite films was different from that of PVA and PVA/CMC composite films. In addition, compared to PVA and PVA/CMC composite films, the water sorption of PVA/CMC/Na2CO3composite films relatively increased, the solubility in water significantly decreased, and the dielectric properties significantly improved. All these results indicate that the hydrogen bonding interaction between PVA and CMC increased and the crystallinity of PVA decreased after the addition of Na2CO3. This was also a direct factor leading to increased water sorption, decreased solubility, and enhanced dielectric properties. The reaction mechanism of PVA, CMC, and Na2CO3is proposed to further evaluate the effect of Na2CO3on the microstructure and macroscopic properties of PVA/CMC/Na2CO3composite films.Keywords:PVA;CMC;Na2CO3;film
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
复合材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Chemical Engineering and Processing-Process Intensification
·
2023
·
IF 4.3
Kai Guo,Ling Du,Yuling Lü,Limin He,Xiaoming Luo,Yin Bai
Shale oil is highly mineralized by salt ions, which makes it difficult to demulsify and dehydrate. The synergistic electromagnetic field (EMSF) is a more efficient method than AC electric field (ACEF) to enhance Shale oil dehydration. However, the critical coalescence conditions and transformation mechanism of droplets dispersed with electrolyte ions in EMSF still lack research. Herein, a series of Na 2 CO 3 -dispersed droplets with different ionic strengths were prepared, and the critical coalescence electric intensity ( E c ) of the droplets under ACEF and EMSF were compared. Micro high-speed experiments revealed that E c of droplets under EMSF is higher. Under the action of both EMSF and ACEF, E c decreases with the increase of ionic strength I s . An ion enrichment theory is proposed to explain the relationship between ion strength and potential energy. This study provides technical guidance for the performance regulation of EMSF-based equipment to enhance oil-water separation, the allowable optimal voltage should be higher than that of the electrostatic coalescer, and the adjustment range is 3.81 %–5.88 %.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2022
·
IF 7.305
Xiangyang Liu,Zeyang Kang,Jiahao Zhao,Shaoxuan Huang,Ying Zhang,Maogang He
Coupling with supercritical power cycle can improve the thermal efficiency of the concentrated solar system. Design the suitable thermal storage medium is critical to the new coupling system. A new ternary eutectic salt with low cost was developed composed of NaCl , Na 2 CO 3 , and Na 2 SO 4 based on the calculation method of phase diagram , meeting the requirements of solar energy storage over 873 K. The eutectic point and composition of the designed salt were predicted to be 900 K and 50 mol% NaCl-35 mol% Na 2 CO 3 -15 mol% Na 2 SO 4 . The designed salt shows high specific heat capacity and phase-change enthalpy, and low cost, which indicates it has good thermal storage capacity. Composite phase change materials with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene nanosheets which can enhance the thermal conductivity and heat capacity of designed salt were prepared. The effects of preparation methods on the thermophysical properties of the composite phase change materials were analyzed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Storage
·
2024
·
IF 8.9
Zhenqi Yu,Xiaodong Li,Jing Wang,Su Zhang
High-temperature energy storage technologies are gaining prominence to meet the needs of concentrating solar power plants and industrial waste heat recovery . In this study a series of form-stable phase change materials are prepared by a simple and efficient cold compression sintering method. In this method, Na 2 CO 3 -NaCl will be mixed with mullite ceramic powder ; simultaneously, SiC nanoparticles are introduced to improve the thermal conductivity of the material. The leakage, microstructure, chemical compatibility and thermal physical properties of the prepared composites are systematically analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, Scanning electron microscope , Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Thermogravimetric. The results of the study show that good chemical compatibility of the components in the composites, and the latent heat of melting of the encapsulated composites as well as the sample with added SiC are 266.97 J/g and 217.63 J/g, respectively, while the latent heat of crystallization is 197.37 J/g and 151.13 J/g, respectively. Compared to the thermal conductivity of PCMs (0.41 W/(m·K)), the thermal conductivity of the sample with 20 % SiC added is 1.83 W/(m·K), an increase of 8.7 times. Thermal cycling and reliability tests show that even after 300 cycles, good chemical compatibility is maintained between the components in composites, and the phase change properties and quality remain stable. In addition, the thermal storage cost of FSPCM-M40-S20 is 1.90 $/MJ. Therefore, we believe that the prepared Na 2 CO 3 -NaCl/mullite/SiC FSPCM has promising applications in high-temperature thermal energy storage, especially in solar power generation and industrial waste heat recovery .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
·
热物理
·
无机非金属材料
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
·
2016
·Vol. 128
·期 3
·1783-1792
·
IF 1.781
Zhang Zhaoli,Yuan Yanping,Ouyang Liping,Sun Qinrong,Cao Xiaoling,Alelyani Sami
Nanofluids of Li 2 CO 3 –Na 2 CO 3 –K 2 CO 3 improved by three nano-Al 2 O 3 samples are firstly prepared by means of two-step aqueous method to enhance thermal properties for high-temperature heat transfer, when used as heat transfer fluids and thermal energy systems for concentrating solar power systems. Specific heat of ternary carbonates containing Al 2 O 3 of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.0, 1.4 and 2.0 mass% is measured, and nanofluids with 1.0 mass% of 20-nm Al 2 O 3 , 1.0 mass% of 50-nm Al 2 O 3 and 0.8 mass% of 80-nm Al 2 O 3 are selected as superior candidates. The maximum enhancement of specific heat is 18.5% in solid and 33.0% in liquid, 17.9% in solid and 22.7% in liquid, 13.2% in solid and 17.5% in liquid for nanofluids containing 20-, 50- and 80-nm Al 2 O 3 . Thermal conductivity is, respectively, improved by 23.3, 28.5 and 30.9% under the addition of Al 2 O 3 . New chemical bonds and crystals are scarcely formed in composites through FT-IR and XRD determination. SEM images certify that nano-Al 2 O 3 are homogeneously mixed into nanofluids and this structure may be a critical incentive for enhancing thermal properties. There are no significant changes with respect to the heat flow, melting/freezing point and latent heat after the 30 circles of determination. Briefly, it can be speculated that these nanofluids will exhibit tremendous potential in the coming applications of heat transfer and thermal storage for concentrating solar power systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2018
·
IF 6.735
Shifeng Jiang,Yuande Zhang,Zhibao Li
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) has been conventionally manufactured by a carbonation synthesis from the reaction of sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ) and CO 2 in a carbonation column. To enhance the quality and the production yield of NaHCO 3 , it is imperative to carefully control supersaturation in the carbonation crystallization process and make NaHCO 3 concentration of filtrate obtained from column bottom possibly least. A new method of NaHCO 3 production was proposed with help of common ion effect by adding Na 2 CO 3 as feed in filtering liquor. A cooling crystallizer was incorporated in the system after the carbonation tower to generate more NaHCO 3 . The crystallization kinetics of NaHCO 3 including nucleation and crystal growth was experimentally and theoretically investigated in a continuous mixed-suspension-mixed-product removal (MSMPR) crystallizer cooled from 353 to 308 K. The effect of Na 2 CO 3 concentration and additives on the crystallization of NaHCO 3 was studied. The growth and nucleation rate G V = 6.618 × 10 - 15 σ 0.290 , B 0 = 2.560 × 10 - 32 G V - 3.82 M T 1.11 were determined by moments analysis based on the experimental crystal size distribution (CSD) data. The kinetic parameters in two empirical equations were estimated by linear regression with the 0.290 of the relative supersaturation rate order, indicating that the meant surface integration and diffusion play an equally importance to the growth of NaHCO 3 crystal. The growth rate order of −3.82 suggested that nucleation of NaHCO 3 from the Na 2 CO 3 -rich solution in the MSMPR crystallizer was particle size-limiting.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
IONICS
·
2022
·Vol. 28
·期 9
·4321-4329
·
IF 2.961
Zhang Jin-Zhong,Wu Shuai,Shen Fengxia,Song Wenkang,Hua Yaxin,Wu Zhenyu,Zhang Xiao-Gang,Shi Jin
A novel gas diffusion electrode (GDE) electrolyzer has been constructed to convert CO 2 into CO, with chlorine (Cl 2 ) and sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ) produced as the by-products. Using this method, the product value yielded from CO 2 electrolysis can be increased substantially. In contrast to the conventional GDE electrolyzer, we use a cation-exchange membrane as the diaphragm to separate the cathode from the anode compartment, and use NaCl aqueous solution as the anolyte. During the electrolysis process, CO 2 is reduced to CO on the cathode, with CO 3 2− generated accompanied with CO formation. On the anode, Cl − is oxidized to Cl 2 . Na + in the anode chamber transfers through the cation-exchange membrane, and migrates into the catholyte. Thus, Na 2 CO 3 can be obtained owing to the co-existing of Na + and CO 3 2− in the catholyte. Using this method, CO 3 2− penetrating through the anion-membrane can be avoided. This problem has been considered as the crucial obstacle that impedes the practical utilization of the conventional GDE electrolyzer. Our designed GDE electrolyzer has a promising application perspective in the phosgene chemical industry.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Lingtao Liu,Lijian Wang,Jingxin Tan,Cong Yu,Junjie Bian,Xinbo Wang
Photocatalytic selective oxidation of furfural is a green, gentle way of preparing furoic acid. Photocatalytic oxidation effectively avoids the problems of difficult separation and high energy consumption in subsequent work-ups caused by the use of homogeneous oxidants. The photocatalytic process suffers from uncontrollable reactive oxygen species, resulting in low selectivity of the target product and excessive oxidation. Therefore, the K x -C 3 N 4 /UiO-66-NH 2 -Y catalyst was prepared by the mass proportion of UiO-66-NH 2 and K x -C 3 N 4 to form a heterogeneous structure, and the band gap width was adjusted to effectively avoid the formation of non-target strong reactive oxygen species ( OH). The results showed that: the aqueous 0.1 mM Na 2 CO 3 solution had an inhibitory effect on the non– target reactive oxygen species at room temperature; when the reaction time was 5 h and K 0.1 -C 3 N 4 /UiO-66-NH 2 -20, the furoic acid had the highest yield of 70.7, the target reactive oxygen species was confirmed by free radical capture experiments as O 2 – , and it was postulated that the reaction mechanism for the preparation of furoic acid by selective oxidation of furfural.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）