JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 13.6
Liwen Qiang,Nan Zhao,Kaizhen Liao,Xichao Sun,Qiang Wang,Hangbiao Jin
Engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) can resist heavy metal toxicity in plants, but their coexposure still exhibits toxicity to plants compared to plants without exposure to ENPs and heavy metals. There have been few studies on the toxic mechanism of nano TiO 2 -heavy metal coexposure and the effect mechanism of nano TiO 2 in plants. Thus, transcriptomics and metabolomics were used to study the toxic mechanism of rutile nano TiO 2 or TiO 2 -Cd (rutile nano TiO 2 and CdCl 2 mixture) on rice ( Oryza sativa L.). After 40 days of exposure, the plant height and root dry weight of rice were significantly decreased in the nano TiO 2 -Cd group compared to the blank group (nano TiO 2 and CdCl 2 free). After Cd treatment, 423 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 16 differential metabolites were identified. Nano TiO 2 exposure induced significant regulation of 299 DEGs and 6 metabolites. After nano TiO 2 -Cd coexposure, 1660 DEGs and 181 differential metabolites were identified. Notably, the EDGs (e.g., chalcone isomerase and hydroxycinnamoyl transferase) and differential metabolites (e.g., chrysin and galangin) demonstrated the disruption of flavonoid biosynthesis in Cd-treated rice. After rice was exposed to nano TiO 2 , the DEGs were related to ribosome, whereas the differential metabolites were associated with pyruvate metabolism and valine, leucine , and isoleucine biosynthesis. Furthermore, 14 DEGs (e.g., asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase and methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase) involved in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthetic pathways were significantly upregulated in rice treated with nano TiO 2 -Cd, in line with the changes in related metabolites (e.g., L -asparagine and 10-formyltetrahydrofolate). Our results show that it is necessary to pay close attention to the toxicity of nano TiO 2 -Cd coexposure in paddy ecosystems and use ENPs with caution to combat the phytotoxicity of heavy metals.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 13.6
Mingwei Deng,Shengwang Wang,Huagang Huang,Daihua Ye,Xizhou Zhang,Yongdong Wang,Zicheng Zheng,Tao Liu,Tingxuan Li,Haiying Yu
Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is a vital signaling molecule in response to cadmium (Cd) stress in plants. However, the role of H 2 O 2 on Cd accumulation in root of different Cd-accumulating rice lines remains unclear. Exogenous H 2 O 2 and 4-hydroxy-TEMPO (H 2 O 2 scavenger) were applied to investigate the physiological and molecular mechanisms of H 2 O 2 on Cd accumulation in the root of a high Cd-accumulating rice line Lu527–8 through hydroponic experiments. Interestingly, it was found Cd concentration in the root of Lu527–8 increased significantly when exposed to exogenous H 2 O 2 , while reduced significantly when exposed to 4-hydroxy-TEMPO under Cd stress, proving the role of H 2 O 2 in regulating Cd accumulation in Lu527–8. Lu527–8 showed more Cd and H 2 O 2 accumulation in the roots, along with more Cd accumulation in cell wall and soluble fraction, than the normal rice line Lu527–4. In particular, more pectin accumulation, especially low demethylated pectin, was observed in the root of Lu527–8 when exposed to exogenous H 2 O 2 under Cd stress, resulting in more negative functional groups with greater capacity to binding Cd in the root cell wall of Lu527–8. It indicated that H 2 O 2 -induced cell wall modification and vacuolar compartmentalization contributes greatly to more Cd accumulation in the root of the high Cd-accumulating rice line.
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Food Analytical Methods
·
2016
·Vol. 9
·期 12
·3501-3508
·
IF 2.167
Shao Yufang,Chen Ying,Liu Jian,Wu Pingping,Ying Yibin,Xie Jing
High-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applied to determine potential toxic element pollution in rice and paddy soil in a lead-acid battery production area. The contamination levels of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in rice and soil at three sampling areas were determined, and the uptake mechanism of Cr, Cd, and Pb from soil to rice grain was preliminarily analyzed. The results show that the range of potential toxic elements in rice concentrations is 3.914–11.788, 0.057–1.215, and 0.187–1.585 mg kg −1 for Cr, Cd, and Pb, respectively. For the paddy soils, Cd concentration is 0.610 mg kg −1 , which exceeds 0.300 mg kg −1 , a value recommended by Chinese Environmental Quality. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF, an index of the ability of plant to absorb a particular metal with respect to its concentration in the soil substrate) values of Cr, Cd, and Pb were less than 1 in all rice samples, suggesting that the bioavailability of these metals was relatively low in rice. The correlations between BAF values with organic matter (OM) and pH were calculated to find the mobility and availability of potential toxic elements in soil. At last, the estimated daily intake (EDI) dose was determined to evaluate the health risk to local population via consumption of rice contaminated with Cr, Cd, and Pb. This study indicated that the accumulation and translocation of potential toxic elements from soil to rice could cause the health risk for the local population.
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Environmental Science-Processes & Impacts
·
2024
·Vol. 26
·期 7
·1171-1183
·
IF 4.3
Wenxuan Wang,Haiou Wang,Xiaoyu Ren,Wenxiao Zhang,Qian Li
To explore key factors involved in the uptake, translocation and accumulation of organophosphate esters (OPEs), computer simulation analysis and hydroponic experiments were executed. Lipid transporters with stocky-like active (SAC) cavities usually showed stronger binding affinities with the OPEs, especially when the SAC cavities belong to the Fish Trap model according to molecular docking. In our hydroponic trial, the binding affinity and gene expression of the lipid transporters and log Kow of the OPEs could be charged to the uptake, translocation and accumulation of the OPEs; however, these three factors played various important roles in roots and shoots. In detail, the effect of gene expression and binding affinity were stronger than log Kow in roots uptake and accumulation, but the result was the opposite in the shoots translocation. Transporters OsTIL and OsLTPL1 among all investigated transporters could play key roles in transporter-mediated OPE uptake, translocation and accumulation in the roots and shoots. OsMLP could be involved in the bidirected vertical translocation of the OPEs. OsLTP2 and OsLTP4 mainly acted as transporters of the OPEs in roots.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Sihui Xiong,Ming Chen,Xun Pei,Jinjing Yin,Hélder Oliveira,Nuno Mateus,Shuxin Ye,Muci Wu,Rui Zhang,Jingren He
Purple rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is a rich in endogenous phenolics and proteins. The naturally occurring interactions between phenolic compounds and proteins have been shown to have beneficial effects on human health. In this study, four protein fractions of purple rice (albumin, prolamin, globulin, and glutelin) were extracted, and both protein-free and protein-bound phenolics (PFP and PBP) were isolated from each protein fraction. The major phenolics compounds identified in different protein fraction included protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, and ferulic acid. Additionally, the PFP in the albumin fraction exhibited the highest number of anthocyanin glycosides (7 types) among all phenolic compounds, while the remaining compounds were identified only as cornflower-3-glucoside and paeoniflorin-3-glucoside. Moreover, the in vitro antioxidant activity and cancer cell inhibitory effects of PFP and PBP in various protein fraction were investigated using chemiluminescence and cellular assays. The results demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of H₂O₂ was more pronounced than that of other free radicals (O₂ − and OH − ), with albumin and prolamin exhibiting heightened antioxidant activities. Notably, the PBP in various protein fractions showed a higher antiproliferative capacity than their corresponding PFP, indicating a potential synergistic effect of protein-phenolic interactions that differed between the two cell lines, MKN-28 and HT-29.
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Agronomy-Basel
·
2022
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·121
·
IF 3.949
Xiaoyun Huang,Hongxing Chen,Hui Chen,Chengwu Fan,Yueying Tai,Xiaoran Chen,Wang Zhang,Tengbing He,Zhenran Gao
The spatiotemporal heterogeneity of rice canopy leaves at different leaf positions is very important for non-destructive monitoring under Cadmium (Cd) stress, and is one of the key problems that need to be solved urgently in modern agriculture. This study aims to explore the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of chlorophyll content and fluorescence in rice canopy leaves under different Cd stress concentrations. The responses of the relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) and Chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) parameters to Cd stress in the tillering, heading, and filling stages were analyzed through pot experiments with three Cd concentrations: 0.20 mg·kg−1(CK), 0.60 mg·kg−1(Cd1), and 1.60 mg·kg−1(Cd2). Results showed that the canopy leaf SPAD value increased with increasing Cd concentration. Compared with CK, the leaf SPAD value in the Cd1 and Cd2 treatments were 1.91–3.45% and 5.52–12.01% lower, respectively. The SPAD value of the lower leaves was higher in the tillering stage, while the SPAD value of the upper leaves was higher in the heading and filling stages. The non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) of the third leaf (D3), the initial fluorescence yield (Fo) of the second leaf (D2), and the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II (PSII) in the tillering stage; the NPQ, Fo, and Fv/Fm of the D3 in the heading stage; and the NPQ, Fo, Fv/Fm, and Fv/Fm of the D2 in the filling stage were more sensitive to Cd stress than the other leaves and ChlF parameters.Keywords:cadmium;rice;relative chlorophyll content;chlorophyll fluorescence;photosynthesis
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CHEMOSPHERE
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Peicheng Huang,Dan Zou,Chunhua Dong,Chongjian Tang,Qingzhu Li,Pengwei Zhao,Ping Zhang,Qi Liao,Zhihui Yang
Selenium (Se) fortification is witnessed to simultaneously inhibit absorbing Cadmium (Cd) and Arsenic (As) by rice plants, but the mechanism is unclear. Here, the effects of Se on the root morphology, iron plaque (IP) content, soil Fe 2+ content, radial oxygen loss (ROL), and enzyme activities of the rice plants in the soil contaminated by Cd and As were intensively investigated through the hydroponic and soil experiments. Se effectively alleviated the toxic effects of Cd and As on the plants and the dry weight, root length, and root width were increased by 203.18%, 33.41%, and 52.81%, respectively. It also elucidated that ROL was one of the key factors to elevate IP formation by Se and the specific pathways of Se enhancing ROL were identified. ROL of the plants in the experiment group treated by Se was increased 36.76%, and correspondingly IP was magnified 50.37%, compared to the groups with Cd and As. It was owing to Se significantly increased the root porosity (62.11%), facilitating O 2 transport to the roots. Additionally, Se enhanced the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) to promote the catalytic degradation of ROS induced by Cd and As stress. It indirectly increased O 2 release in the rhizosphere , which benefit to form more robust IP serve as stronger barrier to Cd and As. The results of our study provide a novel molecular level insight for Se promoting root IP to block Cd and As uptake by the rice plants.
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ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Weiwei Huan,Kewei Li,Jackson Nkoh Nkoh,Hailong Lu
Cadmium (Cd(II)) poses a severe threat to rice production and food safety, and exogenous organic matter (EOM) offers a cost-effective, eco-friendly solution for Cd(II) remediation. Nevertheless, the effect of EON on root electrochemistry and the relationship with Cd(II) uptake and sequestration remains elusive. This study elucidates the Cd(II) tolerance mechanisms in two rice cultivars ( Oryza sativa L., Cd(II)-tolerant WYJ24 and Cd(II)-sensitive FD88) in a hydroponic system under biochar and organic acid treatments. The results revealed that WYJ24 exhibited superior Cd(II) tolerance, maintaining higher root elongation (1.35–3.66 times > FD88) and restricting Cd(II) translocation (shoot-to-root ratio < FD88). This observation was associated with enhanced Cd(II) complexation (70.7% vs. 22.9% after 10 d) and fewer root negative charges (-10.6 vs. −13.4 mV at pH 6.73) in the roots of WYJ24 relative to FD88, respectively. Root exudate profiling under Cd(II) stress revealed WYJ24 exhibiting a targeted, transient increase in specific acids (e.g., malic, quinic), while the sensitive FD88 exhibited a significant, dysregulated exudation. Also, biochar-supplemented media significantly increased root negative zeta potential and functional group concentration, which significantly correlated with total absorbed and exchangeable Cd(II). However, organic acids exhibited cultivar-specific responses, with oxalic acid modulating Cd(II) adsorption in FD88 via protonation while enhancing complexation in WYJ24. Therefore, the findings reveal that Cd(II) tolerance is governed by a combination of root surface properties and internal sequestration efficiency, and that organic amendments function by selectively modifying the root interface. However, the translation of these hydroponic insights into field applications requires future validation under realistic soil conditions.
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Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Nan Zhao,Wendong Zhou,Xinran Yang,Lanxin Shi,Chang Liu,Chenyang Ji,Zezheng Li,Xichao Sun,Liwen Qiang
Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a serious threat to agricultural ecosystems and food security. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) have been proposed as a strategy to alleviate heavy metal stress, yet their effects under Cd exposure remain controversial. In this study, rice seedlings were exposed to Cd (0 or 30 mg/kg) with or without TiO₂ NPs (anatase or rutile; 0, 20, 50, or 100 mg/kg) for 40 days. Compared with the blank, Cd exposure alone did not significantly affect root length, root dry weight, shoot length, shoot dry weight, or chlorophyll content (ANOVA, p > 0.05). In contrast, under Cd stress, TiO₂ NP treatment induced significant growth inhibition relative to the blank, with shoot length, root dry weight, and chlorophyll content reduced by 22–29 %, 27–47 %, and 29–41 %, respectively ( p < 0.05). With respect to oxidative stress indicators, Cd exposure reduced antioxidant enzyme activities (e.g., peroxidase) and increased malondialdehyde levels, while co-treatment with TiO₂ NPs substantially reversed these alterations, restoring values close to those of the blank. Multi-omics analyses revealed that under Cd stress, anatase TiO₂ NPs alleviated oxidative stress by modulating flavonoid metabolism but impaired growth through energy disruption, whereas rutile exerted its effects via thiamine metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and the TCA cycle. These findings suggest that under Cd stress, crystal structure was not the primary determinant of TiO₂-mediated effects, as both anatase and rutile activated distinct molecular pathways yet converged on comparable physiological and growth outcomes. Overall, our results support a defense-growth trade-off model, in which TiO₂ NPs alleviate Cd-induced oxidative stress while concurrently exacerbating growth inhibition. The paradoxical role of TiO₂ NPs highlights the need for comprehensive safety assessments prior to their use in nano-enabled agriculture on heavy metal-contaminated soils.
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SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Xiaoyu Ren,Haiou Wang,Wenxuan Wang,Wenxiao Zhang,Qian Li
Combined contamination of Organophosphate esters (OPEs) and heavy metal has been concerning on their potential threaten to human health through food chain. In order to estimate effects of OPEs and heavy metal's combined contamination on crop, the growth of rice seedlings, pollutant accumulations and their involved in transcript regulation pathway under OPEs and Cd contamination were investigated. In results, only single OPEs pollution improved the biomass of rice, while single Cd pollution inhibited the growth of plants. Although the combined contaminations of OPEs and Cd also showed negative effect for plant growth, OPEs could alleviate the negative effect of Cd on rice. The Octanol-water partition coefficients (log K ow ) of OPEs were positively correlated with root concentration factor (RCF) values in the trend line and negatively correlated with shoot concentration factor (SCRF) and translocation factor (TF). OPEs and Cd inferred with each other's accumulations in plants through reducing RCF, SCRF and TF. After addition of Cd, the expressions of OsTIL, OsLTP4, OsLTPL1 , and OsMLP423 genes involved in OPEs accumulation were downregulated. Moreover, the presence of Cd also affected the binding sites and binding energy of the four proteins with OPEs. Meanwhile, the expression of OsNramp1, OsNramp5, OsHMA2, OsGS1 , and OsPCS1 genes involved in Cd accumulation and toleration were also downregulated after addition of OPEs. These results suggested that OPEs and Cd directly repressed each other gene transcript involved in accumulation and toleration process.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2018
·Vol. 54
·期 3
·715-722
·
IF 2.383
Aalim Halah,Belwal Tarun,Wang Youyong,Luo Zisheng,Hu Juwu
This study was designed to establish an efficient purification method for phenolic compounds from rice bran and to acquire insightful knowledge of purification impact on its chemical constituents, antioxidant and antidiabetic activity. Among the eight macroporous resins investigated, HPD-300 resin was verified to bosses superior adsorption and desorption qualities for the extract. Purification parameters were optimised. Eighteen phenolic compounds were identified using HPLC-PDA, the contents of ferulic acid and syringaldehyde were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the other constituents. However, phenolic compounds concentrations varied significantly (P < 0.05) after HPD-300 resin purification. In addition, the extract exhibited a significant (P < 0.05) increase in total flavonoid contents, in vitro antioxidant (DPPH and FRAP) and antidiabetic (α-glucosidase and BSA-glycation inhibition) activity after HPD-300 resin treatment. These findings indicate that selection of resin and applying optimal purification condition is an appropriate economical approach for obtaining bioactive phenolic compounds from rice bran.
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2022
·
IF 9.988
Yan Li,Shengnan Zhang,Qiongli Bao,Yutan Chu,Hongyu Sun,Yizong Huang
Cadmium (Cd) is a potentially hazardous element with substantial biological toxicity, adversely affecting plant growth and physiological metabolism. Therefore, it is necessary to explore practical and environment-friendly approaches to reduce toxicity. Jasmonic acid (JA) is an endogenous growth regulator which helps plants defend against biological and abiotic stresses. To determine how JA help relieve Cd toxicity in rice, both laboratory and field experiments were implemented. In the seedling stage, the role of JA in mediating rice Cd tolerance was investigated via a fluorescent probe in vivo localization, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and colorimetry . At the mature growth stage of rice, field experiments were implemented to research the effects of JA on the Cd uptake and translocation in rice. In the seedling stage of rice, we found that JA application increased the cell wall compartmentalization of Cd by promoting the Cd combination on chelated-soluble pectin of rice roots and inhibited Cd movement into protoplasts , thereby reducing the Cd content in the roots by 30.5% and in the shoots by 53.3%, respectively. Application of JA reduced H 2 O 2 content and helped relieve Cd-induced peroxidation damage of membrane lipid by increasing the level of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione (GSH), but had no significant effect on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Additionally, field experiments showed that foliar spraying of JA inhibited rice Cd transport from the stalk and root to the grain and reduced Cd concentration in grain by 29.7% in the high-Cd fields and 28.0% in the low-Cd fields. These results improve our understanding of how JA contributes to resistance against Cd toxicity in rice plants and reduces the accumulation of Cd in rice kernels.
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