Small
·
2026
·
IF 11.8
Guangyue Liu,Lifang Chen,Zhenyu Liu,Jingchao Chen,Ruimin Ding,Xi Yin
Proton-exchange-membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) demands high-performance anodes with minimal iridium content, yet conventional Ir-based catalysts suffer from an inherent activity-stability trade-off. We address this challenge by designing neodymium-doped amorphous IrO x catalysts (Nd-IrO x ) that enable precise control over short-range structure to activate the oxide path mechanism (OPM). Incorporating Nd 3+ into an amorphous IrO x matrix dominated by edge-sharing [IrO 6 ] octahedra optimizes the prerequisites for the OPM: lattice distortion tailors Ir-Ir distances to enable direct *O-O* coupling, while electronic modulation stabilizes OH ligands within the local coordination environment, facilitating *O formation. The optimized Nd-IrO x catalyst delivers an ultralow acidic OER overpotential of 254 mV at 10 mA cm −2 with 520 h of stability. Remarkably, PEMWE employing an ultralow Ir-loading anode (0.5 mg Ir cm −2 ) achieves a DOE-relevant current density (4 A cm −2 at 1.9 V) and remarkable 1000-h stability at 1 A cm −2 . This work pioneers short-range engineering in Ir-based oxides, offering fundamental insights for catalyst design and OER pathway control toward efficient hydrogen production.
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高影响因子
Catalysts
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 5
·430
·
IF 4.5
Chuan Long,Yi An,Bowen Xia,Feifei Fang,Jingjing Wang,Chenyi Shao,Yinglong Yu,Haicheng Xiao,Yanfei Wang
Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is currently limited by the sluggish kinetics and poor durability of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this work, a structurally uniform IrB160-4 catalyst was synthesized through a simple, scalable one-pot aqueous method. This template-free method enables near-quantitative yields and gram-scale preparation, with products rapidly separated via simple filtration. The catalyst consists of uniform, nanoclusters self-assembled from highly crystalline ~3 nm Ir nanoparticles. The optimized catalyst exhibits superior OER activity over commercial Ir-Black. The assembled proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, utilizing a low anodic iridium loading of 0.5 mg cm−2, demonstrates excellent performance (2.0 A cm−2 @ 1.79 V) and high durability (>1500 h). This synthesis strategy provides a feasible method for achieving efficient and stable PEM water electrolysis for hydrogen production.
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高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 15.7
Yuan Bichen,Dang Qian,Liu Hai,Sendeku Marshet Getaye,Peng Jian,Fan Yameng,Cai Liang,Cao Aiqing,Chen Shiyao,Li Hui,Kuang Yun,Wang Fengmei,Sun Xiaoming
Low-cost ruthenium-based catalysts with high activity have emerged as promising alternatives to iridium-based counterparts for acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE), but the poor stability under high current density remains as a key challenge. Here, we utilize the synergistic complementary strategy of introducing earth-abundant Mn and Nb dopants in ruthenium dioxide (RuO 2 ) for Nb 0.1 Mn 0.1 Ru 0.8 O 2 nanoparticle electrocatalyst that exhibits a low overpotential of 209 mV at 10 mA cm −2 and good stability of > 400 h at 0.2 A cm − 2 in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4. Significantly, a PEMWE device fabricated with Nb 0.1 Mn 0.1 Ru 0.8 O 2 anode can operate continuously at least for 1000 h at 0.5 A cm −2 with 59 μV h −1 decay rate. Operando Raman spectroscopy analysis, differential electrochemical mass spectroscopy measurements, X-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis and theoretical calculations indicate that OER reaction on Nb 0.1 Mn 0.1 Ru 0.8 O 2 primarily follows the adsorbate evolution mechanism with much favorable energy barrier accompanied by a locally passivated lattice oxygen mechanism (AEM-LPLOM) and the co-existed Nb and Mn in RuO 2 crystal lattice could not only stabilize the lattice oxygen, but also relieve the valence state fluctuation of Ru site to stabilize the catalyst during the reaction.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
·
催化科学
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 17.7
Bingjie Zhang,Chunyan Wang,Fulin Yang,Shuli Wang,Ligang Feng
Bifunctional Ir catalysts for proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis offer transformative potential by streamlining electrolyzer while achieving efficient performance remains challenging due to the distinct conditions required for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reaction (OER and HER). Herein, we propose a theory-directed design of Ir-based bifunctional catalysts, Ir nanoparticles supported on mesoporous carbon spheres embedded with MoSe 2 (Ir/MoSe 2 @MCS), leveraging a work function (WF)-induced spontaneous built-in electric field to enhance catalytic performance. They demonstrate exceptional kinetics for both OER and HER, and potential application in the practical PEM electrolyzer, showcasing the effectiveness of this innovative approach. Low overpotentials of 252 mV for OER and 28 mV for HER to drive 10 mA cm –2 were observed, and the PEM electrolyzer showed the current density of 2 A cm –2 at 1.87 V and maintained stable activity at 1.65 V for over 30 h to deliver 1 A cm –2 . Density functional theory calculations reveal that the WF difference at Ir/MoSe 2 interface induces a spontaneous built-in electric field with asymmetric charge distributions, that modulate the electronic environment and d -band center of Ir promoting bifunctional active phase formation. This significantly lowers reaction barriers for water splitting by balancing intermediate adsorption, endowing the bifunctional activity.
研究领域:
电化学
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催化
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材料科学
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能量转换
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纳米技术
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高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 8.4
Hanyang Li,Yuexin Xu,Ning Lv,Qiuyitong Zhang,Xiaolian Zhang,Zijie Wei,Yadong Wang,Haolin Tang,Hongfei Pan
The development of polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis of water is mainly limited by the high cost of noble metals and inadequate stability owing to the slow reaction kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction and the restrictions of strongly acidic operating environments. To improve the utilization of noble metals, we use Ti-doped SnO2 as a carrier to support active species IrO2. The results show that the introduction of Ti element can inhibit the grain growth and help to improve the electrical conductivity of SnO2. Electrochemical tests for the catalysts show that 40 wt % IrO2/TSO has the best mass-normalized charge (231.24 C g–1 IrO2) and current density (714.85 A g–1 IrO2) at 1.6 V with the overpotential of only 271 mV at 10 mA cm–2, which is attributed to the outstanding dispersion effect of Ti-doped SnO2 and the synergy between the active species and the introduction of Ti element. The comprehensive advantages exhibited by the Ti-doped SnO2 support provide an alternative solution to reduce the cost of noble metal catalysts by improving the catalytic activity and stability.
研究领域:
电化学
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材料科学
·
可再生能源
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2026
·
IF 9.2
Bin Hou,Wenyuan Chen,Shufeng Yang,Shengyang Zheng,Zhiqiang Xie,Gaoqiang Yang
Reaction mechanism, like the reaction site distribution on the catalyst layer, is crucial for PEM water electrolyzer development. Here, we analyze how input voltage affects the reaction site distribution using a visible coplanar electrode proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE). It is discovered that the reaction site distribution is in a limited range at the responding input voltage and there is a positive correlation due to the non-uniform potential distribution. Based on these findings, we define the concept of “voltage threshold” and further optimize a previous numerical model of the catalyst layer by introducing the reaction onset voltage. The strong agreement between experimental and simulation data resulting from the developed model demonstrates its feasibility. These results provide a novel perspective, method, and numerical model for a more comprehensive and realistic assessment of the reaction site distribution inside the electrolyzer.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2019
·
IF 7.65
Heming Wang,Xueyong Song,Huihui Zhang,Pan Tan,Fanxin Kong
An ion exchange membrane (IEM) is an important component in dual-chamber microbial fuel cells (MFCs) to separate cathodic chromium from anode bacteria to avoid toxicity. Common used IEMs (e.g., BPM, CEM, PEM, AEM) have different ionic transfer abilities which could influence MFC performance and chromium removal. Additionally, to distinguish chromium “removal” or “reduction” by MFCs, the chromium removal in this study was further analyzed into cathodic reduction, adsorption on the membrane and permeation through membrane to the anode chamber. It was found that BPM achieved the best performance in removing hexavalent chromium (99.4 ± 0.2 %) and balancing pH and conductivity in both chambers, followed by AEM (97.9 ± 0.8 %) and CEM (95.6 ± 0.8 %), while PEM can not well maintain pH and conductivity leading to the worst anode performance and lowest chromium removal efficiency. However, the adsorption of chromium on the AEM accounts for 91.1 ± 0.7 %, which was much higher than the other three membranes. The permeation of chromium through the membrane were all lower than 0.2% which can be ignored. SEM and EDS results showed that chromium deposits and bacteria were detected on the membrane facing cahtode and anode, respectively, indicating that membrane scaling and fouling were inevitable and happened within 24 h operation.
研究领域:
环境工程
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化学工程
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电化学
·
水处理
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高影响因子
International Journal of Electrochemical Science
·
2026
·
IF 2.4
Jing Li
Developing cost-effective and highly durable electrocatalysts to overcome the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is critical for the promotion of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this work, a ternary Pd–Pt alloy/WO₃–rGO nanocomposite catalyst was synthesized by a developed two-step chemical reduction method. This strategy enabled the distribution of Pd–Pt alloy nanoparticles very tightly integrated with finely dispersed WOₓ species on conductive rGO support. Structural characterizations confirmed formation of a Pd–Pt alloy phase and strong electronic interactions between the alloy and WOₓ, which resulted in modified surface electronic properties favorable for ORR. Electrochemical characterization revealed that the Pd–Pt–WO₃/rGO catalyst presented the largest electrochemically active surface area (176.29 m² g⁻¹) and superior ORR performance, achieving a mass activity of 83.96 mA mg⁻¹ and a Tafel slope of 70.91 mV dec⁻¹ at 0.9 V vs RHE. The catalyst exhibited superior durability, retaining 94.4% of its initial ECSA after 5000 accelerated cycles, and showed the lowest charge-transfer resistance (0.88 Ω), suggesting its improved conductivity and interfacial charge transfer. The remarkable performance is attributed to the synergistic effects between Pd–Pt alloying, electronic modulation by WOₓ species, and the high conductivity of rGO. These combined features are important for high power density and long stability operability in real PEMFC applications. This study presents a practical pathway for designing high-performance, low-Pt-content catalysts for efficient and durable PEMFCs.
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9
Yiming Xiao,Zetao Yang,Haoran Chen,Yifang Gao,Jianxiang He,Guiying Tian,Lei Zhang,Penggao Cheng,Na Tang
High phosphoric acid (PA) retention stability and exceptional proton conductivity are critical for practical applications of PA-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes as high-temperature proton exchange membranes (HT-PEMs). In this study, TBPP-OPBI membranes were fabricated by crosslinking poly[2,2′-(p-oxydiphenylene)-5,5′-bibenzimidazole] (OPBI) with halogen-functionalized porphyrin (TBPP), followed by quaternization to produce quaternized porphyrin (QTBPP) crosslinked OPBI membranes (QTBPP-OPBI). Building upon the mechanically robust crosslinked framework, dual ionic pair structures were constructed through protonation of porphyrin rings and incorporation of quaternary ammonium groups. This design simultaneously enhances polymer-PA interaction energy and increases H 2 PO 4 − content within the membrane, thereby significantly improving PA doping stability and proton conductivity. The 0.81-QTBPP-OPBI membrane demonstrated a proton conductivity of 345 mS cm −1 at 180 °C and a peak power density of 576.6 mW cm −2 at 160 °C, representing 5.1-fold and 3.2-fold enhancements over the OPBI membrane, respectively, while maintaining excellent fuel cell stability beyond 200 h. This work thus establishes a straightforward structural design strategy to enhance the application performance of PA-PBI proton exchange membranes.
研究领域:
高分子化学
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材料科学
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电化学
·
能源材料
·
膜科学
·
燃料电池技术
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高影响因子
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
·
2019
·Vol. 126
·期 1
·1-14
·
IF 1.784
Zhou Haikun,Gao Pingping,wang Pan,Xie Zhiyong,Wu Xiaobo
Titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles (NPs) were added into polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) emulsion for the hydrophobic treatment of carbon papers (CPs). The addition of the nano-sized conducting nanoparticles in impregnation solution could improve the corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, hydrophobicity and durability of the treated CPs. It is found that the corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity of the as-treated CPs increased gradually as the increment of TiN content. CPs impregnated with PTFE emulsion containing 8 wt% TiN NPs displayed the optimal improved corrosion resistance with corrosion potential and corrosion current density at 0.16 V and 0.056 μA/cm 2 , respectively. Characterizations by SEM, Raman and XPS demonstrate that this improvement is associated with the formation of TiN coating and the improved distribution of PTFE on CPs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源工程
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2021
·Vol. 168
·期 11
·114509
·
IF 4.316
Yu Bai,Min Xiao,Zhiheng Huang,Dongmei Han,Chengxin Wang,Shuanjin Wang,Yuezhong Meng
A series of composite polymer membranes composed of poly [2,2''-(p-oxydiphenylene)-5,5''-benzimidazole] (OPBI) and sulfonated poly (fluorenyl ether ketone) (SPFEK) were developed with enhanced mechanical integrity and superior oxidative stability. The phosphonic acid (PA) doped OPBI-SPFEK membranes were then fabricated for the high temperature-proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) application. It is suggested that an ionically crosslinked structure can be formed by the intense interaction among the protonated benzimidazolium, sulfonate groups, and PA molecules. With lower acid content and swelling ratio, the composite membranes afforded satisfactory proton conductivity and much higher tensile strength than the pristine OPBI. A maximum conductivity of 0.050 S cm−1 was reached by OPBI-SPFEK-10% at 180 °C, with tensile strength as high as 24.7 MPa. The single fuel cell from the optimized OPBI-SPFEK-10% exhibited the highest peak power density of 727 mW cm−2 at 160 °C, which was 21% higher than that from the pristine OPBI.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Yifan Zheng,Zhuofan Zhou,Mengqiong Jiao,Le Wang,Jie Zhang,Wenjia Wu,Jingtao Wang
Proton conduction is essential for proton exchange membrane (PEM) in hydrogen fuel cell. However, the proton conductivity of most PEMs is limited by the inferior continuity of transport channels and random arrangement of transfer carriers. Here, charged vermiculite lamellar membrane with orderly aligned glycine molecules in the interlayer channel is fabricated. We demonstrate that sulfonic acid-grafted channel induces and interacts with the end amino groups of glycine molecules, forming ordered acid-base pairs along the wall. Meantime, the carboxyl groups at the other end are located in the middle of channel, forming continuous hydrogen bond networks. Such molecule arrangement creates long-range hoping highways for proton conduction. The Vr-SO 3 H@Gly membrane (∼8 μm in thickness) with 10.2 wt% glycine obtains horizontal conductivity of 378.5 mS cm −1 at 90 °C and 100% RH, 2.2 times of that of commercial Nafion membrane. Moreover, the molecule arrangement is stable helped by the strong channel-glycine and glycine-glycine interactions, rendering excellent conduction stability. These then bring high hydrogen fuel cell performances with maximum current density and power density of 604 mA cm −2 and 184 mW cm −2 , respectively, which are superior to Nafion and most reported 2D lamellar PEMs. This study should provide insights in developing advanced lamellar membranes for application in proton conduction field.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源材料
·
燃料电池技术
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）