Insects
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 10
·1051
·
IF 2.9
Qing Feng,Jian Yang,Weikang Huang,Jingjing Jia,Jialing Wang,Fei Pan,Xuncong Ji
Simple SummaryInvestigations into the insecticidal activity of novaluron against the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) provide valuable data on its efficacy against these pests. Utilizing the leaf-dip method to assess toxicity to second-instar larvae and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to monitor changes in detoxifying enzymes and ecdysteroid levels, the study highlights distinct detoxification pathways in each pest species. The results indicate that physiological and ecological differences between the fall armyworm and diamondback moth influence their response to novaluron, offering valuable data for its application in integrated pest management.To provide a scientific basis for pest control, this study evaluated the insecticidal activity of novaluron against the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). The leaf-dip method determined the toxicity of novaluron to second-instar larvae, while corn leaves and cabbage treated with sublethal (LC10) and median lethal concentrations (LC50) of novaluron were used to feed the larvae. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) measured the activities of detoxifying enzymes [carboxylesterase (CarE), cytochrome P450 (P450), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)] and ecdysteroid (Ecd) levels in the pests after 24 and 48 h of treatment. Results indicated that after 24 h, AChE was involved in diamondback moth metabolism and CarE activity was inhibited. After 48 h, P450 and GST participated in fall armyworm detoxification, whereas P450 and GST were active in diamondback moth detoxification, with other enzyme activities normalizing. Novaluron also altered Ecd levels in both pests. These results demonstrate differing detoxification mechanisms in fall armyworm and diamondback moth, likely due to their unique physiological and ecological traits, and support the potential use of novaluron in pest management strategies.
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JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 20
·期 5
·
IF 1.325
Fu Shuhui,Li Fangyuan,Yan Xizhong,Hao Chi
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is one of the most destructive pests to cruciferous plants worldwide. The oligophagous moth primarily utilizes its host volatiles for foraging and oviposition. Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are soluble carrier proteins with low molecular weight, which recognize and transport various semiochemicals in insect chemoreception. At present, there is limited information on the recognition of host volatiles by CSPs of P. xylostella. Here, we investigated expression patterns and binding characteristics of PxylCSP11 in P. xylostella. The open reading frame of PxylCSP11 was 369-bp encoding 122 amino acids. PxylCSP11 possessed four conserved cysteines, which was consistent with the typical characteristic of CSPs. PxylCSP11 was highly expressed in antennae, and the expression level of PxylCSP11 in male antennae was higher than that in female antennae. Fluorescence competitive binding assays showed that PxylCSP11 had strong binding abilities to several ligands, including volatiles of cruciferous plants, and (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:Ac), a major sex pheromone of P. xylostella. Our results suggest that PxylCSP11 may play an important role in host recognition and spouse location in P. xylostella.
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PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 78
·期 12
·5358-5365
·
IF 4.462
Jianfeng Liu,Yi Luo,Xuefeng Jiang,Guangjun Sun,Saijie Song,Maofa Yang,Jian Shen
Background Traditional abamectin (Abm) formulations have several shortcomings, such as low water solubility, burst release behavior, poor photostability, and short persistence periods, which decrease their pesticidal activity and the risks they pose to the environment. Nanomaterial-based pesticide delivery systems (PDSs) provide new strategies for the efficient and safe application of pesticides. Here, we developed Abm-loaded graphene oxide (Abm/GO) as a PDS for the sustained release of Abm, which shows enhanced control efficacy against Plutella xylostella . Results The hydrophobic Abm molecule was effectively loaded on GO nanocarrier by a physisorption method, which formed a uniform and stable Abm/GO nanoformulation. GO possesses high adsorption capacity and can effectively load Abm. The Abm/GO nanoformulation shows enhanced water dispersion stability and can remain stable during a 2-year storage period in contrast to the water-insoluble Abm. In addition, the Abm/GO nanoformulation exhibits sustained pesticide release behavior and possesses significantly improved anti-ultraviolet properties. Thus, the Abm/GO nanoformulation shows superior pesticidal activity compared with Abm. Abm/GO showed negligible toxicity to maize seedlings, and its GO nanocarrier can reduce the cytotoxicity of Abm to A549 cells. Conclusion GO-based PDSs can effectively overcome the disadvantages of traditional pesticides, such as their insolubility, burst release behavior, instability, and short persistence period. GO shows much future promise in agriculture in light of its industrialization potential. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 80
·期 2
·763-775
·
IF 4.1
Shijun You,Minsheng You,Dongsheng Niu
BACKGROUND Nectar plants provide extra nourishment for parasitoids, which can utilize floral volatiles to locate nectar-rich flowers. A promising strategy is to screen potential floral species based on the wasps' olfactory preferences for nectar sources, and to ensure their suitability for both natural enemies and targeted pests. Cotesia vestalis (Haliday) is a dominant parasitoid of the oligophagous pest Plutella xylostella , which poses a significant threat to cruciferous vegetables globally. However, the chemical cues in plant–parasitoid complexes mediating Cotesia vestalis to locate nectar food resources and the positive effect of nectar plants on the Cotesia vestalis population are poorly understood. RESULTS The results showed that Fagopyrum esculentum was the most attractive plant that attracted Cotesia vestalis , not Plutella xylostella in 44 flowering plants from 19 families. 1,2-Diethyl benzene and 1,4-diethyl benzene, identified from the floral volatiles from F. esculentum in full bloom, were found to elicit dose-dependent electrophysiological responses and attract Cotesia vestalis adults, demonstrating their potential as semiochemicals. Moreover, the age-stage, two-sex life table revealed that feeding on nectar food increased the efficacy of Cotesia vestalis adults against Plutella xylostella . CONCLUSION In summary, the findings provide insights into the chemical ecology of plant–parasitoid complexes and support the potential use of F. esculentum as insectary plants in habitat manipulation against Plutella xylostella by supplying natural nectar food for the Cotesia vestalis population. Our results suggest an attract and reward strategy based on an attractant for Cotesia vestalis to control Plutella xylostella , or the development of volatile-based artificial food for Cotesia vestalis . © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Scientific Reports
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·13622
·
IF 4.38
Li Jian-Yu,Chen Yan-Ting,Shi Meng-Zhu,Li Jian-Wei,Xu Rui-Bin,Pozsgai Gabor,You Min-Sheng
A detailed knowledge on the spatial distribution of pests is crucial for predicting population outbreaks or developing control strategies and sustainable management plans. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella , is one of the most destructive pests of cruciferous crops worldwide. Despite the abundant research on the species’s ecology, little is known about the spatio-temporal pattern of P . xylostella in an agricultural landscape. Therefore, in this study, the spatial distribution of P . xylostella was characterized to assess the effect of landscape elements in a fine-scale agricultural landscape by geostatistical analysis. The P . xylostella adults captured by pheromone-baited traps showed a seasonal pattern of population fluctuation from October 2015 to September 2017, with a marked peak in spring, suggesting that mild temperatures, 15–25 °C, are favorable for P . xylostella . Geostatistics (GS) correlograms fitted with spherical and Gaussian models showed an aggregated distribution in 21 of the 47 cases interpolation contour maps. This result highlighted that spatial distribution of P . xylostella was not limited to the Brassica vegetable field, but presence was the highest there. Nevertheless, population aggregations also showed a seasonal variation associated with the growing stage of host plants. GS model analysis showed higher abundances in cruciferous fields than in any other patches of the landscape, indicating a strong host plant dependency. We demonstrate that Brassica vegetables distribution and growth stage, have dominant impacts on the spatial distribution of P . xylostella in a fine-scale landscape. This work clarified the spatio-temporal dynamic and distribution patterns of P . xylostella in an agricultural landscape, and the distribution model developed by geostatistical analysis can provide a scientific basis for precise targeting and localized control of P . xylostella .
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Insects
·
2022
·Vol. 13
·期 12
·1126
·
IF 3.139
Xing Huang,Linjie Du,Tiantian Liu,Rui Ma,Xing Liu,Haibin Yuan,Shuai Liu
Simple SummaryPlutella xylostella(L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is the most destructive pest of cruciferous crops around the world. The inappropriate use of insecticides to manage it has brought the development of resistance to several pesticide active ingredients. Keeping in view the resistance problem and long-term application, essential oils of plants may provide an environment-friendly solution to manage pests. Although the essential oil ofArtemisia lavandulaefoliaDC. was proven to exhibit promising insecticidal activities againstP. xylostella, which components have insecticidal activities are unknown. In the present study, four bioactive components were identified fromA. lavandulaefoliaessential oil by GC/MS, and their insecticidal activities againstP. xylostellawere also evaluated. Among them, (-)-4-terpineol was proven to be mostly responsible for its insecticidal activity againstP. xylostella. This effect was associated with decreased activity of GST, CAT, AChE and Na+/K+-ATPase. Overall, our findings indicated that (-)-4-terpineol may offer an alternative source for the control ofP. xylostella.AbstractPlutella xylostella(L.) is one of the most serious pests of cruciferous vegetables. Our previous work demonstrated that the essential oil ofArtemisia lavandulaefoliaDC. exhibits promising insecticidal activities againstP. xylostella. This study further characterizes the key components that are responsible for the insecticidal effect. In total, 47 compounds (96.52% of the total compounds) were identified from the total oil using GC-MS, and the major compounds were eucalyptol (21.57%), D(+)-camphor (17.33%), (-)-4-terpineol (9.96%) and caryophyllene oxide (10.96%). Among them, (-)-4-terpineol showed significantly larvicidal and fumigant activities againstP. xylostella. The LD50of (-)-4-terpineol was 43.15 mg/mL at 12 h and 31.22 mg/mL at 24 h for 3rd instar larvae, and the LC50for adults was 8.34 mg/mL at 12 h and 7.35 mg/mL at 24 h. In addition, the adults treated with (-)-4-terpineol showed varying degrees of inhibitory activity toward glutathione S-transferase, catalase, acetylcholinesterase and Na+/K+-ATPase at different post-treatment intervals and concentrations. The results indicate that (-)-4-terpineol has promising insecticidal activities againstP. xylostella, and it has good inhibitory effects on the four enzymes ofP. xylostellaadults.Keywords:Plutella xylostella;bioactive compounds;(-)-4-terpineol;insecticidal activities
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2018
·
IF 6.434
Amir. E. Kaziem,Yunhao Gao,Yuan Zhang,Xueying Qin,Yanan Xiao,Yanhui Zhang,Hong You,Jianhong Li,Shun He
α-Amylase-responsive carrier for controlled release of avermectin (AVM) was prepared based on α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) anchored hollow mesoporous silica (HMS) using α-CD as a capping molecule. The release of AVM was studied at different temperatures, pH values and in the presence or absence of α-amylase. The results revealed that the AVM-encapsulated controlled release formulation (AVM-CRF) has a drastic enzymatic dependence, an excellent encapsulation efficacy reaching 38%, and outstanding UV and thermal shielding ability. The AVM-CRF biological activity survey shows excellent toxicological properties against Plutella xylostella larvae, which confirms that α-CD caps could be uncapped enzymatically in vivo and release AVM, inducing P. xylostella larval death. AVM-CRF has a notable capability to keep 0.6 mg L −1 AVM biologically active until 14th day with 83.33% mortality of the target insect, which was 40% higher than that of treated with AVM commercial formulation. The study provides a theoretical basis for the application of pesticide reduction.
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PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 3.8
Cheng Shen,Guochen Li,Tianyi Han,Naila Ilyas,Meng He,Ziyan Huang,Xiao Zhang,Chongxin Xu,Chengyu Chen,Wei Chen,Xianjin Liu,Qing Zhu,Yuan Liu
BACKGROUND Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins are widely used in pest control owing to their effectiveness as bioinsecticides. However, the extensive use of these toxins has resulted in the development of resistance in various pest populations, including Plutella xylostella , which is a significant pest of cruciferous crops. This increasing resistance highlights the need for alternative insecticidal strategies that can complement or replace traditional methods. RESULTS A novel approach involves using insect cadherin receptors to screen for nanobodies with potential insecticidal activity that selectively target the toxin binding region of the Plutella xylostella cadherin toxin via phage display technology. Through three rounds of panning with a natural alpaca nanobody phage display library, we identified nanobody B1, which specifically binds to the CR9-CR11 region of Plutella xylostella cadherin. This nanobody significantly inhibited the binding of Cry1Ac toxin to cadherin, a key factor in insect susceptibility to the toxin. In bioassays, the application of soluble B1 protein (80 μg/cm 2 ) resulted in 25 ± 4.5% mortality in Plutella xylostella larvae. Histological examination of the midgut tissue revealed substantial damage to the epithelial layer, supporting the bioassay findings. Enzymatic hydrolysis assays demonstrated that, while B1 exhibited some stability, it showed limited resistance to enzymatic degradation in vitro . This could be a significant contributing factor to the low insecticidal activity of B1. CONCLUSION This study proposes a novel strategy for insecticide development based on the application of nanobodies to target cadherins within the midgut of Plutella xylostella . The identification of nanobody B1 presents a novel approach to circumvent resistance mechanisms in pest populations, overcoming resistance mechanisms in pest populations, and thus advancing sustainable pest management practices. Furthermore, these findings establish a foundation for designing alternative insecticidal proteins that could diminish the reliance on traditional formulations. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 5.895
Chengfei Song,Li Ma,Jinyu Zhao,Zengsheng Xue,Xizhong Yan,Chi Hao
The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a notorious cruciferous vegetable pest globally. Mechanically damaged geranium (Pelargonium × hortorum) can strongly repel DBM, but specific plant bioactive compounds responsible for such effects have not been identified. The headspace volatiles from wounded geranium were analyzed using gas chromatography–electroantennographic detection and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The electrophysiological and behavioral responses of DBM females to these chemicals and two blends were investigated. The results showed that five components myrcene, γ-terpinene, linalool, camphor, and terpinen-4-ol in geranium plants mediated the repellence of DBM mated females. These substances significantly repelled the oviposition of females, and blend-2 (a mixture of the five components with a ratio 1:5:3:4:3) was most effective. The slow-release blend-2 had a repellent range of 0.9 m and a repellent longevity of 26 days. These five substances are promising behavioral regulators of the destructive moths and could be potential candidates for “push” components in plant-based “push–pull” strategies.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Pei Wang,Miao Liu,Changhong Lv,Zhen Tian,Ruichi Li,Yifan Li,Yalin Zhang,Jiyuan Liu
There is currently a lack of effective olfaction-based techniques to control diamondback moth (DBM) larvae. Identifying behaviorally active odorants for DBM larvae and exploring their recognition mechanisms can provide insights into olfaction-based larval control strategies. Through the two-choice assay, (E,E)-2,6-farnesol (farnesol) was identified as a compound exhibiting significant attractant activity toward DBM larvae, achieving an attraction index of 0.48 ± 0.13. PxylGOBP1 and PxylGOBP2, highly expressed in the antennae of DBM larvae, both showed high affinity toward farnesol. RNAi technology was used to knock down PxylGOBP1 and PxylGOBP2, revealing that the attraction of DBM larvae to farnesol nearly vanished following the knockdown of PxylGOBP2, indicating its critical role in recognizing farnesol. Further investigation into the PxylGOBP2-farnesol interaction revealed the importance of residues like Thr9, Trp37, and Phe118 in PxylGOBP2’s binding to farnesol. This research is significant for unveiling the olfactory mechanisms of DBM larvae and developing larval behavior regulation techniques.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Jiyuan Liu,Zhen Tian,Ruichi Li,Shujun Ni,Hong Sun,Fei Yin,Zhenyu Li,Yalin Zhang,Yifan Li
The overexpression of insect detoxification enzymes is a typical adaptive evolutionary strategy for insects to cope with insecticide pressure. In this study, we identified a glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene, PxGSTs1, that exhibited pronounced expression in the field-resistant population of Plutella xylostella. By using RNAi (RNA interference), the transgenic fly models, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) methods, we confirmed that the augmented expression of PxGSTs1 mediates the resistance of P. xylostella to various types of insecticides, including chlorantraniliprole, novaluron, λ-cyhalothrin, and abamectin. PxGSTs1 was found to bolster insecticide resistance in two ways: direct detoxification and enhancing antioxidative defenses. In addition, our findings demonstrated that pxy-miR-8528a exerts a pivotal influence on forming insecticide resistance in P. xylostella by downregulating PxGSTs1 expression. In summary, we elucidated the multifaceted molecular and biochemical underpinnings of PxGSTs1-driven insecticide resistance in P. xylostella. Our results provide a new perspective for understanding the insecticide resistance mechanism of P. xylostella.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2024
·
IF 10.7
Haonan Zhang,Bin Yu,Yun Fang,Zhengang Xie,Qiuyu Xiong,Donglai Zhang,Jingli Cheng,Qunzhen Guo,Yehua Su,Jinhao Zhao
The requirement to improve the efficiency of pesticide utilization has led to the development of sustainable and smart stimuli-responsive pesticide delivery systems. Herein, a novel avermectin nano/micro spheres (AVM@HPMC-Oxalate) with sensitive stimuli-response function target to the Lepidoptera pests midgut microenvironment (pH 8.0–9.5) was constructed using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as the cost-effective and biodegradable material. The avermectin (AVM) loaded nano/micro sphere was achieved with high AVM loading capacity (up to 66.8 %). The simulated release experiment proved the rapid stimuli-responsive and pesticides release function in weak alkaline (pH 9) or cellulase environment, and the release kinetics were explained through release models and SEM characterization. Besides, the nano/micro sphere size made AVM@HPMC-Oxalate has higher foliar retention rate (1.6–2.1-fold higher than commercial formulation) which is beneficial for improving the utilization of pesticides. The in vivo bioassay proved that AVM@HPMC-Oxalate could achieve the long-term control of Plutella xylostella by extending UV shielding performance (9 fold higher than commercial formulation). After 3 h of irradiation, the mortality rate of P. xylostella treated by AVM@HPMC-Oxalate still up to 56.7 % ± 5.8 %. Moreover, AVM@HPMC-Oxalate was less toxic to non-target organisms, and the acute toxicity to zebrafish was reduced by 2-fold compared with AVM technical.
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