Insect Science
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2026
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IF 3.7
Tao Li,Yi Huang,Lisha Yuan,Shanchun Yan,Dun Jiang
The remarkable host adaptability of Hyphantria cunea contributes to its invasiveness and destructive impact. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms underlying the multi-host adaptability in H. cunea larvae, focusing on UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT). The results revealed a significant increase in UGT enzyme content in H. cunea larvae feeding on low-preference host plants compared to those on high-preference hosts. UGT inhibitor treatment markedly reduced larval body weight and food intake across all host plant groups. Additionally, qPCR analysis indicated distinct expression patterns of UGT family genes in larvae feeding on different host plants. Notably, HcUGT40R20 was highly expressed specifically in larvae consuming intermediate- and low-preference hosts. Functional analysis showed that silencing HcUGT40R20 led to a significant decrease in larval body weight and disrupted the expression of genes involved in energy metabolism and growth regulation across all host plant groups, along with a marked increase in larval mortality in intermediate- and low-preference hosts. Moreover, the bio-toxicity of the host plant defensive compounds, cytisine and coumarin, was significantly reduced in transgenic Drosophila and Sf9 cells overexpressing HcUGT40R20 . Furthermore, an RNAi-based formulation, CS-ds HcUGT40R20 , was successfully developed using chitosan (CS) nanomaterials and dsRNA, demonstrating stability in the gut fluid of H. cunea . CS-ds HcUGT40R20 treatment significantly reduced the body weight of larvae fed on different host plants and markedly increased the mortality rate of larvae under coumarin stress. In conclusion, HcUGT40R20 plays a critical role in the multi-host adaptability of H. cunea , and RNAi-based formulation targeting HcUGT40R20 provide an effective strategy for controlling H. cunea .
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Plant Communications
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2026
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IF 13.7
Wenkai Yan,Yaogui Zhou,Bei Jia,Jiangshuai Niu,Shihuai Jin,Zhuoning Zhao,Zhongxin Guo
RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated antiviral immunity is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism preventing virus infection in eukaryotes. In recent studies, we developed a sensitized genetic screen to identify antiviral RNAi-defective ( avi ) mutants for uncovering components of the antiviral pathway in Arabidopsis . We revealed that AVI2 is a novel regulator that enhances the biogenesis of viral small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) to promote small-RNA-based antiviral immunity. However, the molecular mechanisms that modulate the efficiency of RNAi-mediated antiviral immunity remain largely unclear. Here, we identified the avi4 mutant using the same genetic screen. Mapping by sequencing identified a T-DNA insertion in LPEAT2 as the causal mutation for avi4 , and this result was confirmed through analysis of an allelic lpeat2 mutant and complementation analysis. LPEAT2, a lysophospholipid acyltransferase in Arabidopsis , functions in the biosynthesis of phospholipids (especially phosphatidylethanolamine [PE]) and modulation of the autophagy pathway. We revealed that LPEAT2, but not its homolog LPEAT1, interacts with AVI2 to enhance RDR1/6-dependent vsiRNA biogenesis. Interestingly, LPEAT2 also interacts with and stabilizes the core autophagy component ATG8a and promotes autophagy before or after viral infection. Notably, overexpression of ATG8a enhances vsiRNA production and antiviral resistance, which is dependent on LPEAT2 function and can be repressed by VSR 2b. Therefore, our research demonstrates that AVI4 (LPEAT2) is a novel regulator of RNAi-mediated antiviral immunity, it cooperates with AVI2 and ATG8a to enhance vsiRNA biogenesis for robust antiviral defense in Arabidopsis .
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JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY
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2025
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IF 2.3
Xu Wu,Wen-Mei Li,Qiang Xu,Xiao-Ping Yi,Da-He Zhang,Ming-Zhe He,Yu-Hong Ren
RNA interference (RNAi) has shown excellent potential for pest management worldwide. However, the application of RNAi against insects can be inefficient and unreliable. Finding a better delivery system is a crucial factor for enhancing RNAi efficacy. Here, we present a novel and effective approach of conjugating double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) with a cell-penetrating disulfide polymer (CPD) to improve dsRNA stability and RNAi efficiency. The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda , is a globally agricultural insect. Chitin synthase B ( CHSB ) and methoprene-tolerant ( Met ) genes, which are essential for the development and growth of FAW, were selected as target genes. The CPD was synthesized using a two-step method for dsRNA delivery. The synthesized CPD/dsRNA complex protected dsRNA from nuclease degradation. The biological application of CPD in Sf9 cells demonstrated low cytotoxicity and high cell viability. Moreover, the CPD-loaded dsRNA entered the cells within 6 h. Bioassays of FAW showed that the relative expression levels of the CHSB and Met genes were reduced. Specifically, at 72 h, the relative expression levels of the CHSB and Met genes were 48.14 % and 37.60 % of those in the control group, respectively. The weight and body length of the larvae decreased significantly, and the mortality rate of CPD/ds CHSB reached 30 %. This CPD was demonstrated for the first time to have excellent delivery performance in insects and is expected to become a new and effective tool for pest control, representing a significant advancement in pest management.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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分子生物学
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害虫治理
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生物技术
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RNA干扰技术
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BIOMATERIALS
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2020
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IF 10.317
Changrong Wang,Xiaoguang Shi,Huijuan Song,Chuangnian Zhang,Xiaoli Wang,Pingsheng Huang,Anjie Dong,Yumin Zhang,Deling Kong,Weiwei Wang
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment; however, only a limited portion of patients show responses to currently available immunotherapy regimens. Here, we demonstrate that RNA interference (RNAi) combined with immunogenic chemotherapy can elicit potent antitumor immunity against melanoma. Specially, we developed cationic polymer-lipid hybrid nanovesicles (P/LNVs) as a new delivery system for doxorubicin and small interfering RNA (siRNA) with extensive cytotoxicity and gene silencing efficiency towards B16 cells. The deployment of doxorubicin-loaded P/LNVs augmented the expression and presentation of endogenous tumor antigens directly in situ by inducing the immunogenic cell death of B16 cells through poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1-dependent (PARP1) apoptosis pathway; thereby, eliciting remarkable antitumor immune responses in mice. Leveraging dying B16 cells as a vaccination strategy in combination with RNAi-based programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) knockdown showed efficacy in both prophylactic and metastasis melanoma settings. Strikingly, PD-L1 blockade synergized with a sub-therapeutic dose of doxorubicin triggered robust therapeutic antitumor T-cell responses and eradicated pre-established tumors in 30% of mice bearing B16 melanoma. Our findings indicated that this combination treatment provided a new powerful immunotherapy modality, characterized by markedly increased infiltration of effector CD8 + T cells and effective alleviation of the immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumors. P/LNVs is a versatile and highly scalable carrier that can enable a broad combination of nanomedicine and RNAi, providing new therapeutic strategies for advanced cancers.
研究领域:
癌症治疗
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纳米技术
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免疫学
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药学
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Acta Biomaterialia
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2017
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IF 6.319
Jing Wang,Lifei Xie,Tao Wang,Fengxin Wu,Jie Meng,Jian Liu,Haiyan Xu
Cationic macromolecules are attractive for use as small interfering RNA (siRNA) carriers due to their performance in non-immunological reactions, customization during synthesis, and low costs compared to viral carriers. However, their low transfection efficiency substantially hinders their application in both clinical practices and academic research, which is mostly attributable to the low capacity of siRNA/cationic macromolecule complexes to escape lysosomes . To address this challenge, we designed an amphiphilic fullerene derivative (C 60 -Dex-NH 2 ) for efficient and controllable siRNA delivery. To synthesize C 60 -Dex-NH 2 , terminally aminated dextran was conjugated to C 60 . The conjugate was further cationized by covalently introducing ethylenediamine to the dextran. The physicochemical characteristics of C 60 -Dex-NH 2 was examined with elemental analyses, gel permeation chromatography , solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C, HPDEC), agarose gel electrophoresis , and dynamic light scattering . The cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, intracellular distribution , and in vitro RNA interference (RNAi) of siRNA/C 60 -Dex-NH 2 complex was evaluated in the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The RNAi efficiencies mediated by C 60 -Dex-NH 2 in vivo was evaluated in subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice. The results showed that C 60 -Dex-NH 2 has a specific amphiphilic skeleton and could form micelle-like aggregate structures in water, which could prevent siRNA from destroying by reactive oxygen species (ROS). When exposed to visible light, C 60 -Dex-NH 2 could trigger controllable ROS generation which could destroy the lysosome membrane, promote the lysosomal escape, and enhance the gene silencing efficiency of siRNA in vitro and in vivo . The gene silencing efficiency could reach a maximum of 53% in the MDA-MB-231-EGFP cells and 69% in the 4T1-GFP-Luc2 tumor-bearing mice. Statement of Significance We designed a novel photosensitive amphiphilic carrier (C 60 -Dex-NH 2 ) for efficient and controllable siRNA delivery, which can be used in gene therapy. We showed that C 60 -Dex-NH 2 could destroy lysosome membrane via controllable generation of ROS when exposed to light, which can help siRNA to escape from lysosome before degradation. This can enhance the gene silencing efficiency significantly and provides a useful way to regulate RNAi efficiency by light. One advantage for C 60 -Dex-NH 2 system is C 60 has broad absorbance spectrum and can be activated by weak visible light; Furthermore, C 60 -Dex-NH 2 has a specific amphiphilic structure, which may prevent siRNA from degrading and allows C 60 -Dex-NH 2 to embed into the lipid membrane of lysosome to improve the ROS induced lysosomal disturbance after internalization .
研究领域:
药学
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纳米技术
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分子生物学
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癌症研究
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2023
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IF 6.1
Chao Hu,Yu-Xi Liu,Shi-Pang Zhang,Ya-Qi Wang,Ping Gao,Yu-Ting Li,Xue-Qing Yang
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) enhances insect resistance to insecticides by regulating the detoxification network. Our previous studies have confirmed that overexpressions of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are involved in lambda-cyhalothrin resistance in Cydia pomonella. Here, we report that CpAhR regulates the expression of GST and P450 genes, thus conferring resistance. Expression patterns indicated that the expression of CpAhR was highly induced by lambda-cyhalothrin exposure and upregulated in a lambda-cyhalothrin-resistant population. RNA interference (RNAi) of CpAhR decreases the expression of key resistance-related genes (CpGSTe3, CpCYP9A121, and CpCYP9A122) and the activity of the GST enzyme, reducing the tolerance to lambda-cyhalothrin. Furthermore, β-naphthoflavone, a novel agonist of AhR, was first proven to be effective in increasing CpAhR expression and larval tolerance to lambda-cyhalothrin. These results demonstrate that CpAhR regulates the expression of key detoxifying genes and GST activity, resulting in the development of resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin in C. pomonella.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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分子生物学
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毒理学
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Biomaterials Science
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2018
·Vol. 6
·期 7
·1986-1993
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IF 5.831
Wenxin Zhang,Yang Zhou,Xudong Li,Xin Xu,Yongbing Chen,Rongying Zhu,Lichen Yin
As one of the intractable challenges in the clinic, the treatment of acute liver failure (ALF) is limited due to high mortality and resource cost. RNA interference (RNAi) provides a new modality for the anti-inflammatory therapy of ALF, while its therapeutic efficacy is greatly hampered by the lack of effective carriers to cooperatively overcome the various systemic barriers. Herein, we developed macrophage-targeting and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive polyplexes to enable efficient systemic delivery of TNF-α siRNA (siTNF-α) to attenuate hepatic inflammation in mice bearing ALF. Se-PEI, obtained from the cross-linking of 600 Da polyethylenimine (PEI) via the ROS-responsive diselenide bond, was developed to condense siTNF-α, and the obtained polyplexes were further coated with carboxylated mannan (Man-COOH). Man-COOH coating allowed active targeting of polyplexes to macrophages with over-expressed mannose receptors (MRs), and it shielded the surface positive charges to enhance the serum stability of polyplexes. Se-PEI could be degraded by ROS in inflammatory macrophages to promote intracellular siRNA release to potentiate the gene knockdown efficiency, and in the meantime reduce the material cytotoxicity associated with high molecular weight. As such, i.v. injected Man-COOH/Se-PEI/siTNF-α polyplexes afforded notable TNF-α silencing by ∼80% in inflamed liver tissues at 500 μg siRNA per kg, and notably reduced serum TNF-α levels to achieve potent anti-inflammatory performance against ALF.
研究领域:
药理学
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纳米技术
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分子生物学
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治疗学
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PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 3.8
Yuecheng Zhao,Lu Zhang,Chuanshan Zou,Huilin Han,Chengde Li,Xingpeng Li,Liwen Song
BACKGROUND Cuticular proteins (CPs) play essential roles in forming cuticular structures in insects. However, the specific functions and regulatory mechanisms of CPs remain largely unexplored. In this study, the Larval cuticular protein 17 ( HcLCP-17 ) gene was identified from Hyphantria cunea , a highly destructive and polyphagous forest pest. To investigate the role of HcLCP-17 in cuticular function and transcriptional regulation mediated by 20E-responsive transcription factors (ERTFs), we employed RNA interference (RNAi) and yeast one-hybrid assay techniques. Additionally, we examined the molecular mechanism by which chlorbenzuron, a type of benzoylphenylurea (BPU) that functions as a chitin synthesis inhibitor (CSI), affects the 20E signaling pathway and ultimately regulates HcLCP-17 expression. RESULTS HcLCP-17 encodes a polypeptide consisting of 393 amino acids, which includes a chitin-binding domain. Silencing HcLCP-17 resulted in a disturbance in the structural organization of the larval cuticle and a notable reduction in chitin levels. HcLCP-17 expression was controlled by the interaction between Broad-Complex (Br-C) and beta Fushi Tarazu Factor-1 (βFTZ-F1) with its promoter fragment. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of chlorbenzuron on HcLCP-17 expression was found to be potentially mediated by Br-C and βFTZ-F1. CONCLUSION The study presents a novel mode of action for the 20E signaling pathway in regulating the expression of CPs and reveals the potential mode-of-action of BPUs in insect cuticles. These findings provide a theoretical basis for future utilization of LCP-17 as a pesticide target making a significant contribution to the development of effective pest management strategies. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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分子生物学
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害虫管理
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生物化学
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PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
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2026
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IF 4.8
Xiaojie Ding,Kexin Cao,Yan Li,Xinchun Li,Qiu Zhong,Yong Chen,Mengnan An,He Liu,Rujun Zhou,Yuanhua Wu
Nanocarrier-mediated delivery of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a promising strategy for plant disease control. Our previous study has shown that the self-assembled ε-poly- l -lysine/carboxymethyl chitosan (ε-PL@CMCS) nanocarrier significantly improves the efficiency of RNA interference (RNAi) against Rhizoctonia solani AG3 TB. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this enhancement and the potential ecological impacts on phyllosphere microbial communities remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed that ds RsGH1 @ε-PL@CMCS had no adverse effects on the growth and development of plants. Transcriptome analysis revealed that DEGs were significantly enriched in ‘SNARE interactions in vesicular transport’ pathway. Among them, ds RsGH1 @ε-PL@CMCS specifically upregulate the vesicle transport protein SEC22 in Nicotiana tabacum. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay demonstrated that the ds RsGH1 @ε-PL@CMCS binds to SEC22 protein with 7.6-fold higher affinity than that of the naked ds RsGH1 . Silencing SEC22 in the ds RsGH1 @ε-PL@CMCS treatment reduced the silencing efficiency of RsGH1 from 53.3% to 39%, confirming its essential role. Concurrently, high-throughput sequencing revealed that SIGS treatments did not disrupt bacterial community structure but increased fungal diversity and suppressed the pathogen, while enriching beneficial fungi such as Tulasnella . Our findings elucidate a molecular link between nano-bioprotectant ds RsGH1 @ε-PL@CMCS-enhanced RNAi and host vesicle transport, while confirming the biocompatible and microbiome-modulating potential. This provides a dual perspective for developing efficient and sustainable RNAi-based strategies for protecting plants.
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NEW PHYTOLOGIST
·
2025
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IF 8.1
Xiaoli He,Yizhou Wang,Asim Munawar,Jinxian Zhu,Jian Zhong,Yadong Zhang,Han Guo,Zengrong Zhu,Ian T. Baldwin,Wenwu Zhou
Summary The effects of drought stress on stomatal opening dynamics, plant volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and plant–insect interactions have been well-documented individually, but how they interact mechanistically remains poorly studied. Here, we studied how drought-triggered stomatal closure affects VOC emission and plant–trophic interactions by combining RNAi silencing, molecular biological and chemical analyses (GC-MS) of a potato-tuber moth-egg parasitoid tritrophic system. Drought stress attenuated stomatal apertures and VOC emissions, which made the potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) plants more attractive to the herbivore but less attractive to the parasitoid. Stomatal aperture manipulations through StSLAC1 gene knockdown and chemical treatments (ABA and 5-aminolevulinic acid) consistently affected drought-triggered VOC emissions and plant–herbivore–parasitoid interactions, supporting aperture-dependent VOC emission. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that drought stress did not transcriptionally inhibit VOC biosynthesis. Collectively, our findings are consistent with the stomatal regulation of plant–insect interactions through the modulation of VOC emissions under drought stress. This highlights the intricate interplay between stomatal dynamics, VOC emission and plant–insect interactions.
研究领域:
植物科学
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生态学
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分子生物学
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昆虫学
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）