Catalysts
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2026
·Vol. 16
·期 4
·319
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IF 4.5
Jie Yang,Xinyu Jiao,Shihao Lv,Anjiang Gao,Shu Zhang,Yong Huang
Lignin, a complex and heterogeneous polymer, poses significant challenges for effective thermal valorization due to its broad molecular weight distribution and structural diversity. This study systematically compares the effect of lignin’s molecular weight on product distribution under pyrolysis and Ru/C-catalyzed depolymerization conditions. Fractionated lignin samples with distinct molecular weights were subjected to identical thermal and catalytic conversion pathways. Pyrolysis results indicate that, compared with low-molecular-weight (low-MW) lignin, high-molecular-weight (high-MW) lignin more readily generates phenolic compounds, with the relative content of guaiacol increasing by nearly twofold. In contrast, products derived from low-MW lignin contain a higher abundance of unsaturated structures, such as 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol, suggesting that side chain cleavage and rearrangement reactions are more pronounced. In contrast, Ru/C-catalyzed depolymerization exhibits a stronger molecular-weight-dependent selectivity, where low-MW lignin is more readily converted into carboxylic acids due to enhanced accessibility of terminal functional groups and reduced structural condensation. This comparative analysis demonstrates that lignin’s molecular weight plays a process-dependent role in governing product distribution, providing guidance for tailored lignin valorization strategies.
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DOI
高影响因子
Catalysis Science & Technology
·
2014
·Vol. 4
·期 5
·1286-1292
·
IF 4.76
Bing Liu,Ting Huang,Zehui Zhang,Zheng Wang,Yuhua Zhang,Jinlin Li
The present study reported the results on the water–gas shift (WGS) reaction over a series of Ru/C catalysts. It was found that the reduction method showed a remarkable effect on the catalytic activity of Ru/C catalysts over WGS reaction, which increased in an order of the reduction by NaBH4, ethylene glycol, H2. It has been shown that alkali additives with K2CO3 significantly improved the activity of the Ru/C catalysts. XPS results indicated that Ru species were further oxidized by the addition of K2CO3, which indicated an electron transfer from the alkali metal to the substrate, resulting in stronger bonding of the adsorbed gas. FTIR results showed that the absorption peak intensity of H2O and hydroxyl group increased with the increase of K2CO3 content, due to the strong hygroscopic ability of K2CO3. Through the addition of K2CO3 to the Ru/C catalyst, much more water was adsorbed around the catalytic active sites, reducing the strong adsorption of CO on the active sites. Thus the addition of K2CO3 balanced the concentration of water and CO on the active sites, which was considered to be the key step for low temperature WGS reaction over Ru supported on irreducible activated carbon.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Lian Duan,Weiyao Yang,Hongda Zhang,Mengmeng Huang,Le Sang,Jisong Zhang
In this work, high-efficiency and continuous production of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) over a Ru/C catalyst was performed in micropacked bed reactors (μPBRs). The excellent reaction performance demonstrated by the combination of μPBRs and the Ru/C catalyst resulted in a 100% furfural (FUR) conversion and a 98.5% yield of THFA within 3.5 min at 25 °C. Subsequently, a kinetic model was developed to describe the continuous hydrogenation of FUR in μPBRs. Utilizing the established kinetic model, the concentrations of various substances were predicted at different residence times between 25 and 45 °C, with an error of less than ±25%. The apparent activation energies for the FUR conversion to furfuryl alcohol (FA) and for the subsequent hydrogenation of FA to THFA were found to be 18.9 and 30.6 kJ/mol, respectively. Furthermore, the space-time yield (STY) of the μPBR system reached 0.21 kgTHFA L–1 h–1, significantly surpassing stirred tank reactors (STRs). These results demonstrate the superior efficiency and productivity of the μPBR system, providing a scalable and sustainable solution for the THFA synthesis.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化
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反应工程
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绿色化学
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过程强化
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DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2016
·
IF 4.803
Zuopeng Li,Yong Guo,Zhen Liu,Xin Wu,Jianhuang Zeng,Zhaohui Hou,Wuyi Zhou,Shijun Liao
Aimed at high Pt utilization efficiency and stability, Pt/TiO 2 @Ru-C electrocatalysts have been prepared by a two-stage modified polyol process, in which ruthenium nanoparticles are dotted on TiO 2 nano-bricks to form TiO 2 @Ru in the first stage, followed by deposition of platinum nanoparticles on either the in-situ formed TiO 2 @Ru or carbon black in the second stage. The electrocatalysts have been characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction and Thermogravimetric analysis. The electrochemical surface area of the Pt/TiO 2 @Ru-C is 82.9 m 2 g −1 and remains to as high as 44.8 m 2 g −1 in an accelerated stability test. Catalytic activity towards methanol oxidation reaction of the catalyst in 0.5 M CH 3 OH + 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 at room temperature is found to be 487 A g −1 . TiO 2 nano-bricks are wedged in between the interfaces of carbon particles creating interpenetrated TiO 2 -Pt-C network, making them easily accessible to fuel cell reactions. Meanwhile, the interpenetrated TiO 2 prevent the electrocatalyst from agglomeration, leading to high Pt efficiency as well as durability.
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高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2014
·Vol. 4
·期 94
·52402-52409
·
IF 3.708
Yong Liu,Lungang Chen,Tiejun Wang,Ying Xu,Qi Zhang,Longlong Ma,Yuhe Liao,Ning Shi
Non-edible cellulose has attracted considerable attention to be converted into valuable platform chemicals. Direct transformation of cellulose to C6 alditols (mannitol and sorbitol) provides a sustainable route. A productive approach is presented in this work using a Ru/C catalyst combined with H+-released boron phosphate in an aqueous phase. A yield of C6 alditols as high as 74.9% with a 91% conversion of cellulose is achieved. By adding silica–alumina materials, the yield of C6 alditols can be improved to 93.5% with complete conversion. The acid sites gradually released from boron phosphate under hydrothermal conditions could promote the hydrolysis of cellulose without significant degradation of glucose. Furthermore, the interaction of boric acid with C6 alditols may form borate–polyol complexes, which can enhance the stability of the C6 alditols to avoid further hydrogenolysis and dehydration of the C6 alditols formed. Due to the adsorption ability of the substrate, the addition of silica–alumina materials with a high content of silica leads to improved performance.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生资源利用
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DOI
高影响因子
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 7
Jing Bai,Mengqi Wang,Yang Xiao,Xiangyu Cheng,Weiyu Chen,Haoran Wu,Chun Chang
A single-step removal of γ-carbinol from lignin β-O-4 linkages was reported. • Key parameters for γ-carbinol removal were systematically screened and optimized. • Ru/C system enabled efficient upgrading of monophenols from birch-derived bio-oil. • The selectivity and yield of 2,6-dimethoxy-4-ethylphenol reach 53.02% and 39.33%. • A promising route for lignin valorization was proposed. Development of efficient strategies for converting the C3 β-O-4 motif of lignin into a simplified C2 β-O-4 structure is of great significance, yet it remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we report the use of Ru/C as a catalyst to convert α-hydroxy-free C3 β-O-4 fragments into C2 β-O-4 fragments via a one-step strategy for the removal of the γ-carbinol group. A series of lignin-derived phenolic model compounds were selected to systematically investigate the effects of key reaction parameters, including temperature, reaction time, catalyst dosage, and substituent structure on the removal of the γ-carbinol group. On the basis of the obtained reaction rules and optimized parameters, the Ru/C-catalyzed system was successfully applied to the upgrading of monophenolic components in bio-oil obtained from the depolymerization of authentic birch lignin. Under optimized reaction conditions, 4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenol in the bio-oil achieved a conversion of 74.18%, affording the target product 2,6-dimethoxy-4-ethylphenol with a selectivity of 53.02% and a yield of 39.33%. This study provides a novel and efficient approach for the valorization of lignin-derived bio-oil, laying a solid foundation for the sustainable utilization of lignin resources. Download: Download high-res image (376KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
Catalysis Science & Technology
·
2016
·Vol. 6
·期 16
·6217-6225
·
IF 5.287
Zuojun Wei,Jiongtao Lou,Zhenbin Li,Yingxin Liu
An efficient catalysis system composed of a Lewis–Brønsted acid mixture and Ru/C using N,N-dimethylformamide as a solvent was developed for the one-pot conversion of fructose to 2,5-dimethylfuran (2,5-DMF) via the dehydration/hydrogenolysis sequence. The effects of various reaction parameters, such as solvent, catalyst type, catalyst loading, reaction pressure, temperature and time, on single fructose dehydration, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) hydrogenolysis and the one-pot conversion of fructose to 2,5-DMF were systematically investigated. The results showed that 2,5-DMF could be successfully produced with a yield as high as 66.3 mol% by using a one-pot method directly from fructose under the optimized reaction conditions, which is by far the highest yield ever reported for the production of 2,5-DMF from fructose through a one-pot strategy. The Ru/C catalyst could be reused at least three times with a slight decrease in 2,5-DMF yield.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化化学
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可再生能源
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2015
·
IF 4.642
Yong Liu,Lungang Chen,Tiejun Wang,Qi Zhang,Chenguang Wang,Jinyue Yan,Longlong Ma
Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable feedstock that has the potential to replace the diminishing fossil fuels. Herein, we reported the simultaneous conversion of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin from raw biomass into gasoline alkanes (hexanes and pentanes) and monophenols and related hydrocarbons over layered LiTaMoO6 and Ru/C in aqueous phosphoric acid medium. Specifically, gasoline alkanes were directly yielded from the carbohydrate components, based on hemicellulose and cellulose, and the total yield could be up to 82.4%. Notably, the lignin fraction could also be transformed into monophenols, related alcohols and hydrocarbons by the one-pot reaction. It suggested that the hydrocracking of monophenol fraction could be performed in this catalytic system. The total yield of volatile products was 53% based on the lignin fraction. In this paper, the influences of phosphoric acid concentration, substrate ash and the amino acids derived from the biogenic impurities were investigated and different raw biomass substrates were tested. Furthermore, the catalysts could be reused for several runs to convert raw biomass without pretreatment.
研究领域:
能源生物学
·
催化化学
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2017
·
IF 5.951
Qiying Liu,Tao Zhang,Yuhe Liao,Chiliu Cai,Jin Tan,Tiejun Wang,Songbai Qiu,Minghong He,Longlong Ma
Producing chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass is important in view of the huge availability of biomass and positive environmental significance by reducing carbon emission due to fast carbon cycle during biomass growth and applications. Here, we prepared zirconium based solid acids for hydrolytic hydrogenation of raw lignocelluloses to coproduce C5/C6 sugar alcohols (the important platform for downstream chemicals and fuel production) as combined with commercial Ru/C. Among these solid acids, the amorphous zirconium phosphate (ZrP) presented the largest acidic sites, with medium and strong acidity as the majority, showing the highest goal sugar alcohols yield of 70% at optimal reaction conditions. During pennisetum transformation, this combined catalyst was reusable despite the activity of the second run being lower than the initial one, and the activity could be recovered by recalcination of spent ZrP. The primary structure of surviving lignin remained after cellulose and hemicellulose were converted, showing the significance for fractional biomass applications if considering the further transformation of lignin.
研究领域:
催化化学
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生物质能源
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绿色化学
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可再生化学品
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多相催化
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DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2022
·
IF 8.035
Zhi Yang,Bowen Luo,Riyang Shu,Zhuojie Zhong,Zhipeng Tian,Chao Wang,Ying Chen
Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is an indispensable reaction in the field of fuel and chemical production, and the synergistic effect of metal–acid sites in the catalyst makes great influence to it. Herein, a bifunctional catalyst of Ru/C combined with phosphotungstic acid (HPW) was employed for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived compounds to make full use of the synergistic effect of active metal–acid sites. HPW possessed a temperature-controlled phase-transfer behavior, which made it dispersed well on the surface of Ru/C catalyst and resulted in a close integration of acid site with metal site. Ru/C-HPW catalyst also owned the advantage of high reaction rate and good recyclability, which exhibited no obvious catalytic activity loss after 5 runs. Lignin-derived phenolic compounds including monomers and dimers enabled to obtain an efficient transformation to cycloalkanes at the temperature of 200 °C. Moreover, a high HDO reaction efficiency of raw lignin-oil was also observed in this study, with the increasing hydrocarbon content from 5.5% to 78.9%. This novel catalytic system can achieve a high HDO efficiency under mild conditions.
研究领域:
催化化学
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能源化学
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Wentao Wang,Qizhu Qian,Yapeng Li,Yin Zhu,Yafei Feng,Mingyu Cheng,Huaikun Zhang,Yangyang Zhang,Genqiang Zhang
Hydrazine oxidation-assisted water electrolysis provides a promising way for the energy-efficient electrochemical hydrogen (H2) and synchronous decomposition of hydrazine-rich wastewater, but the development of highly active catalysts still remains a great challenge. Here, we demonstrate the robust and highly active Ru nanoparticles supported on the hollow N-doped carbon microtube (denoted as Ru NPs/H-NCMT) composite structure as HER and HzOR bifunctional electrocatalysts. Thanks to such unique hierarchical architectures, the as-synthesized Ru NPs/H-NCMTs exhibit prominent electrocatalytic activity in the alkaline condition, which needs a low overpotential of 29 mV at 10 mA cm–2 for HER and an ultrasmall working potential of −0.06 V (vs RHE) to attain the same current density for HzOR. In addition, assembling a two-electrode hybrid electrolyzer using as-prepared Ru NPs/H-NCMT catalysts shows a small cell voltage of mere 0.108 V at 100 mA cm–2, as well as the remarkable long-term stability. Density functional theory calculations further reveal that the Ru NPs serve as the active sites for both the HER and HzOR in the nanocomposite, which facilitates the adsorption of H atoms and hydrazine dehydrogenation kinetics, thus enhancing the performances of HER and HzOR. This work paves a novel avenue to develop efficient and stable electrocatalysts toward HER and HzOR that promises energy-saving hybrid water electrolysis electrochemical H2 production.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2019
·
IF 6.97
Changhui Zhu,Haiyong Wang,Chilu Cai,Kang Bi,Bijuan Cai,Xiangbo Song,Qiying Liu,Longlong Ma
Biomass-derived 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) is an ideal, renewable gasoline additive, and its production with high productivity is highly desirable. A continuous production route was developed to yield DMF from fructose via a tandem strategy, where dehydration catalysts (HY zeolite and niobium phosphate) assisted by 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMim]Cl) and hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) catalyst Cu–Ru/C were integrated into one reaction system with γ-butyrolactone (GBL) as the mobile phase. Optimum conditions, such as temperature, H2 pressure, weight hourly space velocity, and [BMim]Cl concentration, were investigated systematically, with an initial HDO study by using 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) as substrate and subsequent tandem dehydration and HDO to produce DMF with fructose as substrate. Among the conditions, the highest yield of DMF at 55.2% was gained by niobium phosphate and Cu–Ru/C, with the aid of [BMim]Cl in a fixed bed. Meanwhile, [BMim]Cl facilitated fructose dehydration to HMF and also mediated HDO of the resultant HMF by stabilization, which was clarified by 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. Finally, the fact that carbon deposit led to catalyst deactivation was examined thoroughly via a series of characterization techniques. This work achieved continuous DMF production from fructose and laid a foundation for future possible amplification of DMF.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化
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可再生能源
·
生物燃料
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）