Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2018
·Vol. 6
·期 20
·5506-5513
·
IF 5.976
Meng Li,Xiao Zhang,Katarzyna Matras-Postolek,Hsueh-Shih Chen,Ping Yang
Fast and efficient ion-exchange reactions endow CsPbX3 nanocrystals (NCs) with superior photoluminescence (PL) properties. In this study, SnX2 (X = I, Cl) was used as a Sn precursor to conduct the cation exchange reaction, which was promoted by anion exchange between the parent CsPbBr3 NCs and the guest X in SnX2. The anion-driven cation exchange reaction occurred efficiently (10 min). CsSnI3 NCs were created by ion-exchange reactions between CsPbBr3 NCs and the SnI2 precursor. The CsSnI3 NCs retained the initial morphology of CsPbBr3 NCs and revealed a high PL efficiency (59%) and prolonged PL lifetime. In contrast, the exchange reaction of Sn2+ ions in CsPbBr3 NCs did not occur in a short time using SnBr2 as a precursor. After the cation exchange reaction, the 4f peaks of Pb ions in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra shifted to low binding energies as compared to those of the parent CsPbX3 NCs. This is ascribed to the increase in the number of Pb–oleate (Pb–OA) species. Contrary to the hot-injection method used to synthesize CsSnI3 NCs, the kinetically controlled ion exchange reactions lead to the synthesis of CsSnI3 NCs with a high structural stability. Thus, an anion-exchange-promoted cation exchange reaction is a particularly efficient versatile tool to dope Sn2+ into CsPbX3 NCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·Vol. 65
·期 29
·17206-17214
·
IF 4.6
Zhang Yanjiao,Gong Pifu,Chen Mingxing,Wang Zhigang,Wang Xinfang,Qi Man,Han Yunhua,Jia Zhen,Xia Mingjun
Tunable fluorescence emission endows luminescent materials
with
immense applications in optoelectronic devices and information security.
Herein, broad-wavelength photoluminescence (PL) tuning from yellow
to white to blue is realized in a zero-dimensional (0D) K 4 CdCl 6 halide via a facile Rb/Sn codoping strategy. Interestingly,
K 4 CdCl 6 and isostructural Rb 4 CdCl 6 halides exhibit yellow and blue PL emissions via the homovalent
doping of Sn 2+ , respectively. The relative intensity ratio
of yellow and blue emission bands can be effectively regulated in
K 4 CdCl 6 :Sn 2+ halides by Rb + alloying; accordingly, the continuous luminescence color tuning
covering yellow, white, and blue spectral regions was successfully
achieved. Density functional theory calculations further verify that
the doping of Sn 2+ leads to the appearance of an impurity
energy level within the band gap, accelerates electronic transitions,
and ultimately enhances PL emission efficiency. On the basis of this
rationally designed tunable luminescent system, the three-level color-coded
intelligent password devices, combining multimode optical anticounterfeiting
and digital information encryption, were developed. This work not
only develops a reliable ion doping strategy for luminescence modulation
in the metal halides but also expands their diversified application
prospects in advanced optoelectronic fields.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 4.7
Shuai Zhang,Shuang Jie,Kerou Yang,Xijia Wang,Ming Yu,Bing Teng,Shaohua Ji
Multimodal optical responses metal halide materials are valuable in advanced anticounterfeiting field. However, most of them depend on the ions codoped, rare-earth ions, or fluorescent organic groups to achieved, which inevitably reduce their cost-effectiveness and stability, thereby hindering their practical applications. To overcome these challenges, we proposed a new strategy to achieve multimodal optical responses. By Sn2+ doping into the (NH4)4CdCl6 crystal constructed two distinct emission centers─Self-Trapped Excitons (STE) and Defect-Bound Excitons (DBE). Taking advantage of the different optical response behaviors of STE and DBE, we designed a metal halide single crystal with double emission and reversible thermochromic luminescence. In addition, benefiting from the unique ns2 electronic configuration of Sn2+, the material exhibits a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 41.23% and structural stability. Even after being stored under ambient conditions for more than six months, it still retain structural integrity. With its high PLQY and multimodal optical responsiveness, we further fabricated light-emitting diode (LED) and PDMS film devices to demonstrate its promising performance in lighting and optical anticounterfeiting applications. This study not only expands the application prospects of metal halide materials in optical anticounterfeiting but also provides a new design concept for developing multimodal optical response materials.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 5.436
Yan Zhang,Lei Zhou,Dan Li,Hui Li,Lei Zhang,Wei Shen,Ming Li,Rongxing He
Hitherto, three-dimensional (3D) perovskite single crystals with a low exciton binding energy generally possess inferior photoluminescence (PL) performance due to the spatially unconfined nature of excitons. In this work, 3D CsCdCl3 single crystals with multiple emissions from self-trapped excitons (STEs) have been developed, which unsurprisingly exhibit a discouraging PL quantum yield (PLQY) of ∼4.8%. To improve the luminescence efficiency, Mn2+ and Sn2+ are introduced into the lattice as dopants, respectively. By embedding Mn2+ ion into CsCdCl3, the long Mn–Mn distance enables the resultant material to produce an intense orange emission (∼100% PLQY) from the d–d orbital transition (4T1–6A1) of Mn2+. Intriguingly, the embedded Sn2+ triggers the formation of Jahn–Teller-like STEs that induces a subsequent deep red emission with a PLQY of ∼28.22%, which is quite high for 3D bulk perovskites. Such a remarkable PL efficiency is attributed to the distinctive bonding mode of CsCdCl3 that encourages the expression of the Sn 5s2 lone pair. Furthermore, a white-light-emitting diode (WLED) is also fabricated with Mn2+-doped CsCdCl3 to show its potential in lighting application. This work paves a new avenue to improve the luminescence performance of bulk 3D perovskite materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光电
·
光子学
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
·
2026
·
IF 3.8
Mingzhu Wang,Qian Zhu,Xueyuan Guo,Congrui Xie,Renguo Xie,Dayang Wang,Ying Zhang
Inorganic metal halides have been drawing significant attention due to their rich configurations and variable emissive properties in the visible and near-infrared region. However, very few reports are available on the all-inorganic metal halides with self-trapped emission in ultraviolet region. Here, the magnesium halides with a large bandgap of over 4.0 eV and alkali metal halides are used to fabricate all inorganic metal halides by ball milling technique. Such “greener” approaches also allowed the reaction at room temperature for preparation of AMgX 3 ·6H 2 O (A = K、Rb、Cs; X = Cl、Br) by combination of MgX 2 and AX, as confirmed by XRD measurement. As a result, the emission of AMgX 3 ·6H 2 O mainly covered the violet and blue region from 396 to 450 nm. After introducing of Sn 2+ and Te 4+ ions into the CsMgBr 3 ·6H 2 O, a typical sample, the emission wavelength of doped ones shifted from 396 nm of original ones to 522 nm for Sn 2+ doped ones, to 569 nm for Te 4+ doped ones. Theoretical calculations showed that the bandgap value was reduced from the original 4.52 eV for CsMgBr 3 ·6H 2 O to an indirect bandgap of 3.95 eV for Sn 2+ doped CsMgBr 3 ·6H 2 O. Combining with the properties of variable-temperature spectra, the Huang-Rhys, and exciton binding energy, the emission mechanism of the product should be attributed to self-trapped exciton (STE) emission. Interestingly, no emission was observed for the Sn 2+ doped samples after exposed moisture. A similar circular quenching-recovery phenomenon is also observed during exposure/de-watering. This material offers a completely new option for hydrochromic materials used for security information.
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OPTICAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Xiaoman Li,Xinyu Liu,Pengfei Zhai,Ruijin Fan,Rongfei Wei,Hai Guo
The demand for white-light luminescent materials for the white-light-emitting diodes (W-LEDs) field has been growing in modern life. In this work, a series of Sn 2+ and Mn 2+ ions co-doped highly transparent white-light emitting oxyfluoride glasses (precursor glass, PG) and Sr 2 LuF 7 glass-ceramics (GC) were successfully prepared by the melt-quenching technique. Their luminescent and structural properties were investigated by the transmission spectra, excitation and emission spectra at different temperatures (300-500 K), luminescent decay curves, XRD, and TEM characterizations. Upon excitation with ultraviolet (UV) light, tunable broadband blue-white light emissions of Sn 2+ were obtained by adjusting the concentration of Sn 2+ ions. A conspicuous energy transfer process from Sn 2+ to Mn 2+ was observed in Sn 2+ /Mn 2+ co-doped samples. Tunable broadband luminescence between blue-white light and orange-red light regions and nearly pink-white light emission was realized by varying Mn 2+ concentration. Furthermore, compared to PG samples, the emissions were enhanced in GC samples due to the crystallization of Sr 2 LuF 7 nanocrystals. Excellent thermal stability was also performed in these Sn 2+ doped PG and GC samples with a recovering value of 96 % and 98.8 %, respectively. Simultaneously, Sn 2+ doped PG and GC samples also own good optical thermal sensitivities with an S A value of 2.28 % and 2.47 % K - 1 , respectively. Our results indicate that these Sn 2+ /Mn 2+ co-doped PG and GC may serve as tunable light sources under UV excitation and have prospects on the ratiometric optical thermometry fields.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
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Sustainable Energy & Fuels
·
2025
·
IF 4.1
Jiaqi Wang,Hongye Dong,Zhirui Chen,Jingjing Hui,Xiangning Xu,Zijin Qiao,wang Yao,Qi Li,Cheng Mu
Tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) have been recognized as a viable lead-free alternative in the field of solar energy technology; however, their development is significantly limited by the oxidation of Sn²⁺ to Sn⁴⁺, which introduces deep-level defects and accelerates non-radiative recombination. In this study, cesium trifluoroacetate (CsTFA) is employed as an antioxidant additive to address these challenges. CsTFA not only effectively suppresses Sn²⁺ oxidation but also passivates intrinsic defect and alleviates the p-type self-doping effect. Consequently, CsTFA-doped devices exhibit significant enhancements in open-circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor (FF), leading to a 14% enhancement in power conversion efficiency (PCE), along with significantly improved storage stability. This work provides a facile and efficient approach to mitigate Sn2+ oxidation and suppress non-radiative losses, offering a viable pathway toward high-performance, stable tin-based perovskite optoelectronic devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
·
化学
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Small
·
2020
·Vol. 16
·期 26
·2001024
·
IF 11.459
Xianglin Xiang,Bicheng Zhu,Bei Cheng,Jiaguo Yu,Hongjin Lv
Herein, oil-soluble CdS quantum dots (QDs) are first prepared through a solvent-thermal process. Then, oil-soluble CdS QDs are changed into water-soluble QDs via ligand exchange using mercaptopropionic acid as capping agent at pH 13. The photocatalytic performance is investigated under the visible light irradiation using glycerol as sacrificial agent and Sn 2+ as cocatalyst. No H 2 -production activity is observed for oil-soluble CdS QDs. Water-soluble CdS QDs exhibit significantly enhanced hydrogen evolution rate. When the concentration of cocatalyst Sn 2+ increases to 0.2 × 10 −3 m , the rate of hydrogen evolution reaches 1.61 mmol g −1 h −1 , which is 24 times higher than that of the pristine water-soluble CdS QDs. The enhanced H 2 -production efficiency is attributed to the adsorption of Sn 2+ ions on the surface of CdS QDs that are further reduced to Sn atoms by photogenerated electrons. The in situ generated Sn atoms serve as photocatalytic cocatalyst for efficient hydrogen generation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光催化
·
纳米技术
·
氢能
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JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 4.198
Xiaofeng Qiao,Yuhan Lin,Di Huang,Hongwei Ji,Chuncheng Chen,Wanhong Ma,Jincai Zhao
One-pot oxo-amination of unactivated cyclopropanes with safe, green dioxygen as an oxidant and low-cost amines as nitrogen sources has generated interest since this can directly result in uniform β-located difunctional units. Formation of the three-electron cation radical followed by the nucleophilic attack of amines to open the strained ring of cyclopropanes catalyzed by classic noble-complex photocatalysts was a promising strategy. However, this ring-opening pathway could not maintain the entire second-order nucleophilic substitution (SN2) conversion, which generally led to unsatisfactory enantioselectivity (enantiomeric excess (ee) value ∼60%). Here, we demonstrate that for such a one-step oxo-amination of cyclopropanes with benign dioxygen and pyrazoles, a highly uniform inversion of configuration could be first accomplished through a TiO2 photocatalyst. This strategy features low-cost, semiheterogeneous photocatalysis and environmentally friendly reaction conditions, without using any sacrificial reagent or additive. Importantly, our protocol not only provides a relatively broad substrate scope tolerant to a certain range of substituted cyclopropanes and pyrazoles, resulting in various β-amino ketone products (∼50 examples) with excellent conversions and yields, but also retains excellent enantioselectivity (ee value ∼99%). A concerted SN2 ring opening raised from an oxetane cation intermediate rather than a conventional three-electron cation radical prior to attaching to dioxygen was proposed.
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Journal of Physical Chemistry C
·
2025
·
IF 3.2
P. H. Shi,W. J. Zhai,Y. J. Ma,W. H. Zheng,J. S. Li,L. Huang,Y. R. Ren,X. Peng,L. Lin,Z. B. Yan,J.-M. Liu
The tin halide perovskites as a lead-free alternative for optoelectronics have attracted considerable attention due to their remarkable optoelectronic performance and reduced environmental toxicity. However, a major challenge remains regarding the stability issue, primarily due to the oxidation of Sn2+ to Sn4+ under ambient conditions, which leads to material degradation and poor long-term performance. Herein, we report the enhanced performance of the FASnI3 photodetector by incorporating 4-trifluoromethyl benzyl ammonium iodide (TFMBAI) into the precursor solution. Under a light intensity of 5 mW/cm2, the responsivity at 685 nm increases to 0.325 A·W–1, achieving an enhancement of nearly 57.5 times compared with the unmodified sample. Additionally, the device exhibits a broadband photoresponse ranging from 415 to 980 nm. By optimizing the addition of TFMBAI, we have reduced the proportion and defect states of Sn4+, successfully promoted the oriented crystal growth and passivated defects, and achieved a more stable, uniform, and pinhole-free perovskite film, thereby enhancing both carrier mobility and performance stability. Our results demonstrate the great potential of TFMBAI for applications in nontoxic and highly stable tin halide perovskite photodetectors.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 4.6
Dayu Huang,Pan Zheng,Ziyong Cheng,Qianqian Yang,Youchao Kong,Qiuyun Ouyang,Hongzhou Lian,Jun Lin
Until now, effective blue light-emitting materials are essentially needed for the creation of white light and precise color renderings in real-world applications, but the efficiency of blue light-emitting materials has lagged far behind. Here, we present a hydrothermal method to synthesize tin-based metal halide single crystals (RbCdCl3:Sn2+ and Rb3SnCl7). Two single crystal materials with different shapes and phases can simultaneously be synthesized in the same stoichiometric ratio. Rb3SnCl7 has a bulk shape, while RbCdCl3:Sn2+ has a needle shape. The deep blue emission (436 nm) of RbCdCl3:Sn2+ can be obtained under the optimal excitation wavelength irradiation. However, pure blue emission (460 nm) to white light can be obtained by changing the excitation wavelength in Rb3SnCl7. The refinement spectra of the electronic structures of RbCdCl3:Sn2+ and Rb3SnCl7 are investigated by density functional theory. It is concluded that the difference in the distribution of Cl energy states leads to the existence of Cl local defect states, which is the reason for the rich luminescence of the two single crystals. These findings provide a path for realizing single-phase broadband white-emitting materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光电子学
·
无机化学
·
光致发光
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 4.7
Bao Jiang,Hong-heng Chen,Lei Wu,Xue-yin Fu,Maierhaba Abudoureheman,Qun Jing,Yu-hong Su,Zhao-hui Chen
Aliovalent substitution involving cations with lone pair electrons is a powerful strategy for designing novel optical materials with enhanced properties. Herein, by substituting Sn4+ with stereochemically active Sn2+ in the α/β-LiSn2(PO4)3 parent structure, we successfully synthesized α/β-Li2SnP2O7 pyrophosphates, achieving a remarkable 5.5 time enhancement in birefringence. This oxidation-state-driven transformation converts the symmetric [SnO6] octahedra in α/β-LiSn2(PO4)3 into highly distorted [SnO4] tetrahedra in α/β-Li2SnP2O7. This conversion leads to the bond length distortion index boosting (from 9.42/9.95 × 10–3 to 47.17/49.21 × 10–3) and the bond angle varying (from 26.97/29.65 deg2 to 1054.2/1122.1 deg2), which triggers the [SnP6O24] clusters into [SnP2O9] three-membered rings, repectively. The increased distortion of Sn–O groups and the decreased symmetry of Sn–P–O blocks enhance the optical anisotropy of the compounds effectively. This aliovalent substitution strategy offers a valuable gudience for amplifying the intrinsically low birefringence of phosphates.
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