ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2018
·
IF 8.097
Fei Zheng,Xiaoming Wen,Tongle Bu,Sheng Chen,Jianfeng Yang,Weijian Chen,Fuzhi Huang,Yibing Cheng,Baohua Jia
The current–voltage hysteresis, as well as the performance instability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) under a working condition, is serving as the major obstacle toward their commercialization while the exact fundamental mechanisms to these issues are still in debate. In this study, we investigated the slow variation of photogenerated carrier dynamics in a (FAPbI3)0.85(MAPbBr3)0.15 perovskite interface under continuous illumination. Different response behaviors of carrier dynamics in the perovskite interfaces with and without the hole transport layer, Spiro-OMeTAD (Spiro), were systematically studied by time-dependent, steady-state, and time-resolved photoluminescence. It was demonstrated that a light-induced defect curing process is dominantly responsible for the carrier dynamics evolution for the perovskite interface without Spiro, whereas both defect curing process and mobile ion migration should be accounted for the dynamic response of the perovskite interface contact with Spiro. When contacted with Spiro, the energy band curvature evolution in the perovskite interface induced by ion migration would decrease the hole transfer rate from the perovskite interface to Spiro upon illumination. This research work can faithfully highlight the strong correlation of slow photoresponse behaviors of the perovskite interface with both light-induced defect curing and ion migration processes, providing novel implications into the physical mechanism for the slow variation of PSC performances under a working condition.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
·
2020
·
IF 9.567
Zihao Deng,Maosheng He,Yi Zhang,Fateh Ullah,Kui Ding,Jianghu Liang,Zhanfei Zhang,Heng Xu,Yuankun Qiu,Ziyi Xie,Tong Shan,Zhenhua Chen,Hongliang Zhong,Chun-Chao Chen
Hole transporting materials (HTMs) play a crucial role in achieving highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Spiro-typed materials being the most widely used HTMs are commonly utilized with dopants, such as Li-TFSI, to improve their carrier mobility significantly. However, dopants could affect the morphology of hole transporting layer negatively by forming defects and pinholes which restrict the performance of devices. Here, we adopt the extended π-conjugated structures N-ethylcarbazole and dibenzothiophene to substitute the donor group 4-methoxyphenyl of spiro-OMeTAD, devising two novel HTMs, SC and ST, respectively. Notably, SC possesses low crystallinity and good solubility due to the existence of ethyl in side groups, leading to decent miscibility with Li-TFSI to prevent unfavorable phase-separation. The SC-based device delivers the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.76% which is higher than that of spiro-OMeTAD (20.73%), attributed to the formation of smooth and pinhole-free morphology. Moreover, it exhibits long-term stability and retains over 90% of initial PCE value for more than 30 days without encapsulation in ambient air. In contrast, the ST-based device suffers from dense pinholes induced by its relatively high crystallinity and poor solubility, resulting in a low PCE of 18.18% and inferior stability. Thus, it is effective to modify the side groups in spiro-typed HTMs with specific structures to obtain predictable properties, fabricating PSCs with high efficiency and stability facilely.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers of Optoelectronics
·
2020
·Vol. 13
·期 3
·265-271
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IF 0
Mu Shaiqiang,Ye Qiufeng,Zhang Xingwang,Huang Shihua,You Jingbi
Cesium-based inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are paid more attention because of their potential thermal stability. However, prevalent salt-doped 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-dipmethoxyphenylamine)9,9′-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) as hole-transport materials (HTMs) for a high-efficiency inorganic device has an unfortunate defective thermal stability. In this study, we apply poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) as the HTM and design all-inorganic PSCs with an indium tin oxide (ITO)/SnO 2 /LiF/CsPbI 3− x Br x /P3HT/Au structure. As a result, the CsPbI 3 − x Br x PSCs achieve an excellent performance of 15.84%. The P3HT HTM-based device exhibits good photo-stability, maintaining ∼80% of their initial power conversion efficiency over 280 h under one Sun irradiation. In addition, they also show better thermal stability compared with the traditional HTM Spiro-OMeTAD.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源科学
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DOI
PubMed
OPTICAL MATERIALS
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2026
·
IF 4.3
Zongming Yu,Zuhuan Lu,Yukun Wang,Yuanhao Li,Tianyi Zhang,Wenhong Sun
Improving detector performance through simple doping engineering of hole transport layers. • 3-Bromopyridine, as a dual function dopant of Spiro-OMeTAD, can enhance ion transport and passivate defects to achieve the synergistic optimization of transport and stability. • The device is self-powered, the external quantum efficiency of the device is 90%, the dark current density is reduced by two orders of magnitude, the detection rate is increased to 2.77 × 10 13 Jones, and the linear dynamic range is widened to 168.23 dB. Spiro-OMeTAD (2,2′,7,7′-Tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9′-spirobifluorene) is widely used as the hole-transport layer (HTL) in perovskite optoelectronic devices due to its solution processability and favorable material properties. However, undoped Spiro-OMeTAD exhibits inherently low electrical conductivity, necessitating dopants such as lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide (Li-TFSI) to enhance its charge transport properties. Nevertheless, Li-TFSI possesses strong hygroscopicity and is prone to aggregation within the Spiro-OMeTAD film, which significantly compromises both device performance and stability. To address this challenge, we report a dual-functional strategy that employs 3-Bromopyridine (3-BP) as a dopant to simultaneously enhance hole transport and provide interfacial passivation in Spiro-OMeTAD HTLs. The pyridine nitrogen atom in 3-BP coordinates with Li + ions, weakening Li + –TFSI - interactions and consequently enhancing the mobility of TFSI − anions and the overall film conductivity. Simultaneously, the bromine atom forms halogen bonds with the methoxy oxygen atoms of Spiro-OMeTAD, which strengthens intermolecular interactions and passivates defects. Optimal doping at 2 wt% 3-BP leads to significant performance enhancements: the external quantum efficiency (EQE) increases from 82% to 90%, the dark current density (J d ) decreases by two orders of magnitude (from 7.46× 10 −8 A/cm 2 to 8.71 × 10 −10 A/cm 2 ), and the stability is enhanced, retaining 83.77% of its initial EQE after 500 h of unencapsulated storage in ambient air.
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
·
IF 13.2
Kun Cao,Yuxuan Zhu,Jialong Cheng,Ningyi Xu,Jian Yang,Jinyu Wu,Junmin Xia,Jianfeng Lu,Lihui Liu,Shufen Chen
Chemical doping is essential for spiro-OMeTAD when acting as a hole transport layer in efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the hygroscopic and volatile nature of conventional LiTFSI/tBP dopants accelerates device degradation under environmental stresses. To address this issue, a low-concentration dopant system has been constructed using the multifunctional additive triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC), in which the molar ratio of LiTFSI/tBP/TAIC is 1:1:1. TAIC features three isocyanurate groups (-N-C=O) that strongly coordinate with Li + ions, significantly improving the solubility of LiTFSI in chlorobenzene without requiring acetonitrile. Compared to the conventional LiTFSI/tBP doping system (1:6 M ratio), TAIC promotes the formation of spiro-OMeTAD· + radicals while suppresses the aggregation and phase separation of lithium salts in the spiro-OMeTAD film. Furthermore, interactions between the isocyanurate groups in TAIC effectively passivate perovskite defects. Consequently, carbon-based PSCs employing TAIC-modified spiro-OMeTAD achieves an enhanced efficiency of 20.63 %, outperforming 18.87 % of the control. Silver-based PSCs fabricated using TAIC-modified spiro-OMeTAD exhibits a maximum PCE of 24.21 %, whereas the control group yields only 22.85 %. Moreover, Non-encapsulated TAIC-modified devices retains 92 % of their initial PCE after 1512 h at 70 % relative humidity. This work significantly alleviates stability challenges in spiro-OMeTAD hole transport layer, thereby simultaneously improving the efficiency and stability of PSCs.
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2019
·
IF 0
Wangwei Chen,Juanjuan Qi,Chao Dong,Junwei Chen,Zhitao Shen,Yonglin He,Shangfeng Yang,Tao Chen,Chong Chen,Yunliang Li,Ming-De Li,Mingtai Wang
A facile solution-processing method featuring the applications of a stable molecular precursor solution and the repetition of spin-coating and annealing for film growth is reported for the in situ growth of CuInS2 nanoparticle films on TiO2/CdS film to provide TiO2/CdS/CuInS2 ternary superstrate heterojunction films for efficient solar cells. The novel and stable planar solar cells are fabricated using Spiro-OMeTAD as hole transporting material (HTM) and achieved a peak power conversion efficiency of 6.31% under AM 1.5 illumination at the optimized CuInS2 thickness of 200 nm and annealing temperature of 270 °C for CuInS2 formation. The efficiency is the highest among the CuInS2-based planar solar cells derived from molecular precursor methods; in particular, adopting HTM results in the open-circuit voltage up to 0.78 V, much higher than that of the similar devices without HTM. Our results demonstrate a dual nature of excitonic and nonexcitonic charge generation mechanisms in such solar cells. A depletion-field-assisted homojunction-interfacial charge transfer model is proposed to explain the generation and transfer of free charge carriers in the CuInS2 nanoparticle films, and the total charge generation in the TiO2/CdS/CuInS2 solar cells gets well elucidated from the model in combination with excitonic feature. Moreover, the CdS layer is found to act as an effective interfacial spacer to prevent the charge carriers generated upon CuInS2 absorption from recombination.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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光电子学
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产品关联
DOI
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2015
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IF 4.504
Songtao Lv,Yakun Song,Junyan Xiao,Lifeng Zhu,Jiangjian Shi,Huiyun Wei,Yuzhuan Xu,Juan Dong,Xin Xu,Shirong Wang,Yin Xiao,Yanhong Luo,Dongmei Li,Xianggao Li,Qingbo Meng
We report two simple triphenylamine-based hole-transporting materials (HTMs) containing vinyl derivatives, 3,6-di(2-(4-(N,N-di(p-tolyl)amino)phenyl)vinyl)-2-thiophene (apv-T) and 3,6-di(2-(4-(N,N-di(p-tolyl)amino)phenyl)vinyl)-9-ethyl-carbazole (apv-EC) for the perovskite solar cells. According to theoretical calculation and experimental results, their HOMO energy levels are similar to that of conventional spiro -OMeTAD, which is supposed to be favorable for the hole transportation in the device. Up to 12% of light-to-electricity conversion efficiency has been achieved for the mesoporous TiO 2 /CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /apv-EC/Au solar cell without using p -type dopants. Time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) measurement and Electrochemical Impedance Spectra (EIS) further reveal that relatively high hole mobility of the apv-EC and weak recombination occurred at TiO 2 /CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /apv-EC interfaces of the device are crucial to the good performance in comparison with the apv-T. Advantages such as easy synthesis, low cost and relatively good cell performance provide a potential application as the replacement of the expensive spiro -OMeTAD.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2019
·Vol. 7
·期 13
·7338-7346
·
IF 10.733
Xiuxiu Niu,Nengxu Li,Cheng Zhu,Lang Liu,Yizhou Zhao,Yang Ge,Yihua Chen,Ziqi Xu,Yue Lu,Manling Sui,Yujing Li,Alexey Tarasov,Eugene A. Goodilin,Huanping Zhou,Qi Chen
Small molecules, such as Spiro-OMeTAD, are widely used in photovoltaic devices including perovskite and dye-sensitized solar cells due to their excellent hole transport properties. However, this kind of small molecule is often used with hygroscopic additives and dopants suffering from aggregation and demixing under environmental stress and thus leading to pinholes/voids in the resultant films. By using typical molecular Spiro-OMeTAD as an example, we herein introduced a hydrophobic polymeric poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) component to substantially reduce the undesired pinholes during device fabrication and operation. It leads to a significant improvement of the long-term stability of devices, which kept 80% of their original PCE for over 6000 h in ambient air and the promotion of light stability. In addition, P4VP can saturate uncoordinated Pb sites in perovskite crystals, resulting in improved device performance (certified PCE of 20.6%) with negligible hysteresis. These results emphasize the effects of pinhole constraints in both the temporal and spatial perspectives, which provides a feasible approach to improve the stability of small-molecule-based hole transport materials for perovskite solar cells and other optoelectronic devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源科学
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光电子学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
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2021
·
IF 3.721
Qing Zhou,Wenbo Ma,Zhenlong Zhang,Yuefeng Liu,Huafang Zhang,Yanli Mao
In this paper, double-layered hole transport material (HTM) was designed and fabricated by adding a thin CuInS 2 film between perovskite and Spiro-OMeTAD (Spiro) layers. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with double-layered HTM of CuInS 2 /Spiro was improved to 19.63% from 17.97% for the devices with pure Spiro. Moreover, the operational stability of the PSCs with double-layered HTM of CuInS 2 /Spiro was enhanced. The PCE of the PSCs with CuInS 2 /Spiro retains 91% of the initial value after 30 days storage in ambient atmosphere. The experimental results indicate that the improved performance could be come from the energy band match between CuInS 2 and Spiro, fast hole extraction and transport, and decreased charge recombination in the PSCs with double-layered HTM of CuInS 2 /Spiro. This work provides a promising prospect to design a low-cost and high stability HTM for commercial PSCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
·
光伏器件
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2021
·
IF 9.127
Xiao Fan,Jian Zhang,Yulin Yang,Debin Xia,Yayu Dong,Lele Qiu,JiaQi Wang,Wei Cao,Wei Wang,Boyuan Hu,Ruiqing Fan
Currently, the quality of hole transport layers (HTLs) plays a vital role in achieving the high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis-(N, N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9′-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) based HTLs usually suffer from pinholes and defects which would cause the performance degradation . Here, a series of polyoxometalate (POM) crystals with mixing different transition metal ions , named Na 10 [M 2 (solvent) 6 (WO 2 ) 2 (BiW 9 O 33 ) 2 ] (BiW 10 M, M = Mn, Co), are synthesized and used as dopants to improve the properties of Spiro-OMeTAD based HTLs. We observe that the effects of oxidation abilities for Spiro-OMeTAD could be tuned by mixing transition metal ions. Besides, the morphologies of HTLs are significantly improved and the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of BiW 10 M doped PSCs are enhanced from 18.48% (control device) to 20.31% (BiW 10 Mn) and 20.12% (BiW 10 Co), respectively. Moreover, doping transition metal ions can also prevent the water penetration, thus the device stability of BiW 10 M doped PSCs is also obviously enhanced. In this work, metal ions doped POMs are proved to be low-cost and facile chemical additives for oxidizing Spiro-OMeTAD, which provide an efficient strategy to fabricate high-performance and stable PSC devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
·
2022
·
IF 1.097
Zhicheng Fan,Chuwu Xing,Yi Tan,Jinxia Xu,Lingyun Liu,Yuanming Zhou,Yan Jiang
Black-phase formamidinium lead iodine with 1.48 eV bandgap is considered to be the most promising material for improving the near-theoretical limit efficiency of perovskite solar cells, but at room temperature, black-phase formamidinium lead iodine easily transforms into the yellow non-perovskite phase formamidinium lead iodine. Here, different ratios of Cs+-incorporated formamidinium lead iodine prepared by one-step processing with the stability and power conversion efficiency of formamidinium lead iodine perovskite solar cells are investigated. FA0.85Cs0.15PbI3 shows the highest power conversion efficiency of 10.63% (Voc = 1.04 V, Jsc = 16.81 mA cm−2, and fill factor = 0.60), and the unencapsulated device maintained 60% of the initial power conversion efficiency after storage in air with 40% humidity for 186 h with an active area of 0.1 cm2, when the ratios of Cs+ reached 15% (x = 0.15) in formamidinium lead iodine. However, the efficiency of perovskite solar cell–based formamidinium lead iodine is still low. In this work, a simple but an effective strategy was carried out to rapidly and fully oxidize hole transport layer solution by doping CO2 or O2 under ultraviolet light irradiation to increase the conductivity of hole transport layer, thereby improving the power conversion efficiency of solar cells. The results show that FA0.85Cs0.15PbI3 solar cells by CO2-doped hole transport layer for 90 s exhibited the highest power conversion efficiency of 16.11% (VOC = 1.11 V, JSC = 19.73 mA cm−2, and fill factor = 0.74). The improved photovoltaic performance is attributed to CO2-doped spiro-OMeTAD increasing charge carrier density and accelerating charge separation, thereby inducing higher conductivity. CO2 or O2 doped can rapidly and fully oxidize spiro-OMeTAD, and reduce the solar cell fabrication time; it is beneficial to the commercial use of perovskite solar cells.
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Chemistry
·
2019
·
IF 5.162
Xian-Fu Zhang,Chang Liu,Jianchang Wu,Baomin Xu
Phosphorous tetrabenzotriazacorrole (TBC) and its two soluble derivatives (TBC-1 and TBC-2) were synthesized and used for the first time as undoped hole transporting materials (HTMs) in MAPbI 3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Their performance in PSCs was measured and compared with that of Spiro-OMeTAD and phthalocyanine precursor. The fundamental properties related to HTMs are also examined. These novel HTMs are easily prepared, cost-effective, and solution processable. The materials exhibited much higher hole transport mobility and broader light absorption than pristine Spiro-OMeTAD and phthalocyanine precursor. They can work efficiently in the absence of any dopant for devices composed of FTO/cp-TiO 2 /mp-TiO 2 /MAPbI 3 /HTM/Au. The undoped mesoscopic solar cell devices based on TBC exhibited a promising power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 16.2% (measured at 100 mW cm 2 illumination, AM 1.5 G), together with good long-term stability under ambient conditions. This PCE of 16.2% observed using TBC is remarkably higher than the 11.2% observed using undoped Spiro-OMeTAD and also much better than the 8.70% observed using its phthalocyanine precursor. As to substitution effects, α-substituted TBC-1 was found to be a better HTM than β-substituted TBC-2 (PCE 11.4%) and unsubstituted TBC-3 (PCE 6.81%) under the same conditions. These results provide the basis for further exploiting TBC compounds as a new type of low-cost and effective HTM for PSCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
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