DYES AND PIGMENTS
·
2023
·
IF 4.5
Di Lu,Shuhui Liu,Hang Zhang,Xingxiang Zhang,Wei Li
As an organic photochromic material, spiropyran (SP) has attracted extensive attention due to its rapid and reversible color switching under specific wavelength irradiation. However, the molecular packing during SP isomerization and the influence of external solvents lead to unstable photochromic properties, limiting its practical applications. In this study, the novel photochromic polyurethane nanoparticles were prepared by environmentally friendly materials, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and sorbitan fatty acid esters (Span), through one-step miniemulsion polymerization. The nanoparticles exhibit sensitive photochromic process under UV irradiation, and after 20 UV–vis cycles, these nanoparticles retained the initial photochromic properties. Furthermore, the influence of polyurethane polymer matrix structure on the photochromic properties of SP and the decolorization rate of MC→SP isomerization process was investigated. The prepared polyurethane photochromic nanoparticles demonstrated outstanding photochromic performance and showed great potential for applications in UV-resistant fabrics, surface coatings , and photoelectric signal conversion.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
·
高分子化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
·
2021
·Vol. 42
·期 7
·2000701
·
IF 5.734
Shijun Long,Zhihua Ye,Yiqi Jin,Jiacheng Huang,Yiwan Huang,Yonggui Liao,Xuefeng Li
Rewritable information record materials usually demand not only reversibly stimuli-responsive ability, but also strong mechanical properties. To achieve one photochromic hydrogel with super-strong mechanical strength, hydrophobic molecule spiropyran (SP) has been introduced into a copolymer based on ion-hybrid crosslink. The hydrogels exhibit both photoinduced reversible color changes and excellent mechanical properties, i.e., the tensile stress of 3.22 MPa, work of tension of 12.8 MJ m −3 , and modulus of elasticity of 8.6 MPa. Moreover, the SP-based Ca 2+ crosslinked hydrogels can be enhanced further when exposed to UV-light via ionic interaction coordination between Ca 2+ , merocyanine (MC) with polar copolymer chain. In particular, hydrogels have excellent reversible conversion behavior, which can be used to realize repeatable writing of optical information. Thus, the novel design is demonstrated to support future applications in writing repeatable optical information, optical displays, information storage, artificial intelligence systems, and flexible wearable devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
·
2014
·Vol. 21
·期 3
·1149-1155
·
IF 5.696
Qingkai Qi,Jingyu Qian,Suqian Ma,Bin Xu,Sean Xiao-An Zhang,Wenjing Tian
Graphical Unlocking emission : Two tetraphenylethene (TPE)-functionalized spiropyran (SP) molecules were designed and synthesized that exhibit not only aggregation-induced emission properties but also multistimuli-responsive properties, such as photochromism and acidchromism. The reversible and different dual-response fluorescent switches triggered by UV/Vis and acid/base have been realized during the ring-closed (CF) to ring-open (OF) transformation (see scheme). Two tetraphenylethene (TPE)-functionalized spiropyran (SP) molecules with very similar structure were designed and synthesized. The two molecules exhibit aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties, as well as multistimuli-responsive color-changing properties, such as photochromism and acidchromism. The investigation of their different photochromic and acidchromic characteristics and dual-response fluorescent switch during isomerization indicated that the different link position between TPE and SP will significantly affect the extended π-conjugated system, resulting in completely different photochromic and acidchromic properties.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Lijun Wang,Yangyang Zhang,Yanfei Wang,Shiding Zhang,Fang Wang,Haixiang Song,Hanyi Duan
An in-depth investigation of the ultrasonic response of mechanophores containing weak covalent bonds within nanosized aggregates is vital for ultrasound imaging, drug delivery, and sensors. In this work, well-defined amphiphilic block SP-[poly(methyl methacrylate- b -N-isopropylacrylamide)] 2 SP-[p(MMA- b -NIPAM)] 2 ( P1 ) and amphiphilic random, SP-[poly(methyl methacrylate- r -N-isopropylacrylamide)] 2 SP-[p(MMA- r -NIPAM)] 2 ( P2 ) copolymers with SP mechanophore embedded at midpoint polymer chain are prepared by RAFT (reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer) polymerization using a pre-synthesized novel functional bi (trithiocarbonate) and spiropyran (SP)-based RAFT reagent. Both P1 and P2 copolymers self-assemble in spherical micelles in AcCN/water mixed solvents, and several assemblies with different water contents are fabricated. The structural differentiation between block P1 and random P2 dominates the inverse influence of water content on the aggregate sizes of micelles. Under ultrasound irradiation , the SP mechanophore is activated within both micelles, and the amount of activated SP mechanophore increases progressively with prolonged sonication time. For P1 , the mechanochemical reaction (mechanochromism) kinetics in an aggregated state and a single chain state are different, while that of P2 micelles and liner are similar, inferred to be associated with the structure difference between both micelles. The mechanoactivation of SP mechanophore within micelles in AcCN/water mixed solvents is higher than in dissolved state due to the micellization of P1 and P2 , entangling the hydrophobic PMMA segments and partially swelling in the micellar core. Moreover, an increase in the medium's dielectric constant around the core's SP is also observed, promoting the SP mechanoactivation. This approach may provide a new strategy for preparing novel mechanophore-centered amphiphilic copolymers with colorful structures and high hydrophilicity . These can self-aggregate into nanoparticles in aqueous or mixed solutions, exhibiting effective effects of ultrasonic responsiveness. We expect this work to push forward the in-depth studies on the ultrasonic responsive mechanism of assembly and help open new research avenues into the mechanochemical reactions within nanosized aggregates.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
纳米医学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Yanghang Liu,Heyu Zhang,Tao Zhang,Yuefei Ding,Siqi Zhang,Dan Yu,Wei Wang
Gas sensors are crucial in various applications such as environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and air quality control. However, many of these sensors still encounter significant challenges, including complex fabrication processes, low sensitivity, and poor stability. This study presents the development of a novel photochromic sensor using spiropyran (SP), waterborne polyurethane (WPU), and cellulose nanofiber (CNF) aerogel, aiming to overcome these challenges and provide highly sensitive detection of acidic gases. Under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, the SP component in the aerogel isomerizes to its open-ring merocyanine (MC) form, which is further protonated to protonated merocyanine (MCH) in the presence of acid vapors. Systematic testing reveals that the SP/WPU/CNF aerogel sensor exhibits a rapid response time of 20 s under UV light irradiation and retains 75 % of its photoresponsivity after 20 cycles, demonstrating excellent durability. Additionally, the sensor exhibits a response time of 20 s to acidic gases, with a color change from purple to yellow when exposed to HCl gas at concentrations as low as 1 ppm. After undergoing five protonation and recovery cycles, the sensor maintains a certain level of acid responsiveness. These exceptional properties highlight the potential of the SP/WPU/CNF aerogel-based sensor to be a highly sensitive, efficient, and stable solution for acidic gas detection.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
·
化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2019
·
IF 3.621
Beibei Wang,Xiaozhen Xiao,Yuhuan Zhang,Liqiong Liao
Herein, high strength dual-crosslinked hydrogels with photo-switchable color changing behavior were designed and fabricated. In the mixture solution of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), α-cyclodextrin-spiropyran (α-CD-SP), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), the PEGDA chains first threaded into the cavity of α-CD/α-CD-SP and form inclusion complexes to generate the physical gel; then, the as-prepared physical gels were subjected to photopolymerization to form a covalently crosslinked network. With the contribution of both no-covalent and covalent bond, the dual-crosslinked hydrogels possess high tensile strength, which is about fifteen times that of the pure PEG hydrogel. And due to the sacrifice of no-covalent bond, hydrogels showed high energy dissipation ratio, up to 75.3% and high fatigue resistance during loading-unloading tests. While the ingenious introduction of SP moieties, enables the as-prepared gels photo-switchable spatiotemporal color changing behavior reversibly. Erasable patterns on hydrogels could be written using UV light and erased by Vis light for multiple cycles. This flexible hydrogel with good physical performance shows high potential in photochromic flexible wearable devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
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高分子化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2015
·Vol. 3
·期 33
·8519-8525
·
IF 4.696
Baozhong Lv,Zhen Wu,Chendong Ji,Wantai Yang,Dongpeng Yan,Meizhen Yin
Systems that exhibit light-driven fluorescence change have received much attention due to their applications in luminescent switches or as sensors. However, such solid-state systems are still limited relative to those in solution form, and how to obtain photochromic fluorescent film materials for use in device fabrication is a long-standing problem. In this work, one-dimensional (1D) solid-state microcrystals combining a host molecule cyclodextrin (CD) and UV-responsive guest molecule spiropyran (SP) have been developed, which present a light-driven fluorescence change based on the isomerization of the SP molecule in the CD matrix. Firstly, the supramolecular forces including inherent hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions in this self-assembled system were studied using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) comparison between the SP@CD system and the pristine CD or SP confirms that the SP guest plays a crucial role in the formation of 1D microcrystals. Then, through a spin-casting process, a thin film of SP@CD microcrystals was further fabricated, which shows a reversible photochromic fluorescence between fluorescence-free and high red-emission states. Moreover, the open-ring form of SP@CD microcrystals also presents two-photon emission and polarized fluorescence. Therefore, this work has offered a facile way to obtain a reversible photochromic fluorescent film, which may be applied in dynamic light-controlled fluorescent sensors and two-photon imaging.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光化学
·
超分子化学
·
荧光传感器
·
光学功能材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
DYES AND PIGMENTS
·
2026
·
IF 3.9
Lin-Xia Lu,Xue-Qing Li,Chuan-Xiang Qin,Xian-Wei Cheng,Jin-Ping Guan
A spiropyran-AIEgen integration strategy is proposed to construct multicolor photochromic systems beyond conventional single-color switching. • Electrospinning-enabled polymer encapsulation markedly enhances the stability of spiropyran, yielding high-performance solid-state photochromic nanofibers. • The resulting materials enable multilevel color encryption, offering strong potential for advanced anti-counterfeiting applications. Photochromism has emerged as a promising strategy for enhancing anti-counterfeiting technologies, where the development of materials combining rapid response with high stability remains a critical challenge. Herein, a novel spiropyran-tetraphenylethylene (SP-TPE) photochromic material was designed and successfully synthesized. The material exhibited rapid and reversible photochromic behavior in solution, accompanied by pronounced aggregation-induced luminescence. Owing to this synergistic effect, SP-TPE displayed distinct multicolor photoresponses rather than a conventional single-color transition, significantly expanding the accessible photochromic color space. Cytotoxicity evaluations confirmed its low toxicity and good biocompatibility. To overcome the limited stability of SP-TPE in solution, polymer encapsulation via electrospinning was employed to fabricate nanofibrous films with spatial confinement. The resulting SP-TPE films retained pronounced photochromic performance even at low concentrations and low light intensities, while exhibiting markedly enhanced thermal stability. Under identical conditions, the color recovery time was extended from approximately 30 s in solution to over 800 s in the solid state. Moreover, concentration- and light-intensity-dependent color modulation enabled multilevel color encryption. This work provides an effective strategy for constructing stable, multicolor photochromic systems and offers new insights into the development of advanced spiropyran-based anti-counterfeiting materials. Download: Download high-res image (312KB) Download: Download full-size image
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2022
·
IF 4.432
Congcong Cui,Guojie Liu,He Gao,Min Wang,Jun Gao
A photo and thermal-responsive smart polymer, enabling controllable wettability according to different temperature and light conditions, was developed in this paper. The 3-(3′,3′-dimethyl-6-nitrospiro-[chromene-2,2′-indolin]-1′-yl) propyl methacrylate (SPMA) and N -isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) by 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) were grafted on the surface of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to induce free radical polymerization . The SPMA isomerizes from a colorless, hydrophobic spiropyran (SP) form to a deep purple, hydrophilic merocyanine form (MCMA) upon UV-light. The wettability of poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) is sensitive to temperature, showing hydrophobicity above the low critical solution temperature (LCST) and hydrophilicity below LCST. Furthermore, the addition of SPMA has realized the significant reversible wettability synergistic with PNIPAAm. The reversible wettability can be controlled by selectively applying single or both factors of light and temperature. Thus, practical application of the above controllable wettability can be greatly expanded. When the polymer is transferred from 40 °C (>LCST)-visible light to 10 °C (
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物化学
·
表面科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
LANGMUIR
·
2018
·
IF 3.789
Yan Yang,Ting Zhang,Jiajin Yan,Liuwa Fu,Hongping Xiang,Yanyan Cui,Jiahui Su,Xiaoxuan Liu
In this study, spiropyran (SP)-containing fluorinated polyacrylate (F-PA–SP) latex was prepared by emulsion polymerization using fluorinated and SP-based acrylic monomers as raw materials. Fourier transform infrared and 1H NMR demonstrate that the F-PA–SP copolymer has been successfully synthesized, and dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy analyses indicate that the synthesized latex has presented a uniform particle size of approximately 200 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and water contact angle (WCA) analyses were used to investigate the surface properties of the F-PA–SP coating and demonstrate that its hydrophobicity is enhanced by the addition of a fluorinated acrylic monomer. The photochromic properties of the coating were investigated by UV/vis spectroscopy, and the results reveal that the F-PA–SP coating possesses better photoresponsiveness, fatigue resistance, and photoreversibility under UV/vis irradiation than the coating prepared using fluorinated polyacrylate/SP blended latex. Moreover, the WCA of the F-PA–SP coating subjected to UV/vis irradiation shows minimal changes and retains its excellent hydrophobicity. Finally, the F-PA–SP latex was applied to cellulosic paper, and the resulting photochromic paper exhibits outstanding reversible color changes and hydrophobicity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Lin Wang,Wencheng Zhong,Wenxing Gao,Wenfeng Liu,Li Shang
Multicolor luminescent materials with time-dependent optical responses are attractive for developing advanced anti-counterfeiting techniques, but it still remains challenging to rationally design and fabricate these emerging materials. Herein, we report the design of novel dynamic luminescent materials based on spiropyran-engineered gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) for anti-counterfeiting applications. Encapsulating fluorescent AuNCs with spiropyran-labeled bovine serum albumin enables the construction of dynamic multicolor luminescent nanoparticles (DML NPs) based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer. These AuNCs-based DML NPs exhibit photochromism and dynamic fluorescence color change from green to yellow to orange-red with the extension of UV irradiation time. Moreover, the photochromism and dynamic fluorescent behavior is highly reversible when exposed to the irradiation of visible light. By taking advantage of photochromic and time-dependent dynamic fluorescence, potential application in optical information storage, dynamic anti-counterfeiting authentication and multi-mode anti-counterfeiting are successfully demonstrated based on DML NPs-deposited polyvinyl alcohol film. This study provides a new strategy of designing novel dynamic multicolor luminescent materials with promising optical properties, which can further advance the practical application of AuNCs-based luminescent materials in the field of information encryption and anti-counterfeiting.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
LANGMUIR
·
2021
·
IF 3.882
Qian Wang,Zhen Wu,Penghua Qin,Jing Ji,Liming Lai,Meizhen Yin
Regulation of self-assembly morphology is an effective strategy to obtain advanced functional materials with expected properties. However, achieving remarkable morphological transformation by light irradiation is still a challenge. Herein, three simple spiropyran derivatives (SP1, SP2, and SP3) are constructed, achieving different degrees of morphological transformation from nanospheres to hollow tadpole-like structures (SP3), tubular structures (SP2), and microsheets (SP1) after ultraviolet light irradiation. Interestingly, the hollow tadpole-like structures (SP3) can further extend to Y-shaped or T-shaped tubular morphology. In the process, SP1, SP2, and SP3 can be isomerized from a closed-ring form (hydrophobicity) to an open-ring form (hydrophilicity) in different degrees, interacting differently with methanol solvent molecules. The formation of hollow structures or microsheets along with the isomerization of spiropyran derivatives contributes to the adjustment of the hydrophilicity of the interface. Therefore, SP1, SP2, and SP3 with photoregulated morphological transformation show promising applications in tunable interface materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）