FOOD CONTROL
·
2017
·
IF 3.496
Fengchun Zhao,Qiang Shen,Huimin Wang,Xiao Han,Zhengyou Yang
Here we demonstrate a novel magnetic bead-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MB-ELISA) for zearalenone (ZEN) detection. Firstly, an anti-ZEN monoclonal antibody (mAb) was prepared by hybridoma technique, and immobilized on carboxyl modified MBs to obtain mAb-MBs. In addition, the biotinylated ZEN-BSA was labelled by streptavidin-HRP for use as competitor. Based on the mAb-MBs and streptavidin-HRP labelled ZEN-BSA, a MB-ELISA which contains only one 20 min antigen-antibody reaction step and takes no more than 45 min for dozens of samples analysis was developed. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) and limit of detection (LOD) of the MB-ELISA are 1.78 ng/mL and 0.13 ng/mL, respectively. And the MB-ELISA working range for corn samples analysis is from 5.0 μg/kg to 255.2 μg/kg. The recoveries for ZEN spiked corn samples ranged from 82.3 to 110.5% with coefficient of variation (CV) under 8.9%. For natural corn samples analysis, the results of MB-ELISA showed good agreement with the results of conventional direct competitive ELISA ( R 2 = 0.9742).
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JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 4.6
Binbin Zhou,Xiaoqi Zheng,Yuan Li,Xuan Yang,Xinyi Li,An Liu,Liang Chen
Zearalenone (ZLE) is a fungal toxin, and ingestion of ZLE–contaminated food can lead to human cytogenetic toxicity, immunotoxicity and hepatorenal toxicity. This study developed an electrochemical sensor for detection of ZLE using palladium-metallene (Pd-Me) and polypyrrole molecularly imprinted nanotubes (PMIN). Pd-Me is a novel metal material with excellent conductivity, unique three-dimensional structure, numerous active sites, and high stability, which has attracted widespread interest in the field of electrocatalysis. However, there are few reports on its application in electrochemical sensors. The three-dimensional configuration prepared effectively avoids the problem of electrical conductivity attenuation caused by material stacking, thereby significantly improving the sensor sensitivity. The further introduced PMIN constructed three-dimensional imprinting chambers rich in specific recognition sites on the electrode surface, which can achieve precise capture and enrichment of ZLE molecules. Through condition optimization, the sensor achieves a linear range of 5 −1000 ng mL −1 with the detection limit of 1.55 ng mL −1 , and demonstrates good repeatability, stability and reproducibility (RSD = 2.16 %) in agricultural product analysis. Compared with the existing ZLE detection technology, this method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, high sensitivity and good selectivity.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·Vol. 412
·期 19
·4725-4737
·
IF 3.637
Fu Han,Xu Wu,Wang Haixiang,Liao Shenghua,Chen Guitang
This study was based on the specific binding ability of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) combined with a high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD) for the rapid determination of zearalenone (ZEN) in cereals. A novel magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer was prepared by surface imprinting technology. Warfarin was used as a virtual template, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) was used as the functional monomer, and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was used as the cross-linking agent. Analysis by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that MMIPs were prepared with a particle size about 450 nm, the imprinted molecular layer accounting for 10.7% of the total mass, and saturation magnetization of about 34.54 emu/g. The maximum adsorption capacity ( Q max ) of the thermodynamic and kinetic adsorption experiments were 13.90 mg/g and 8.71 mg/g, respectively. The Langmuir model showed that the binding sites were uniformly distributed on the surface of the MMIPs. The Scatchard analysis showed that MMIPs had two types of binding sites with Q max of 8.22 mg/g and 15.37 mg/g, respectively. In actual sample detection, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.4 ng/kg and 0.9 ng/kg, respectively. The sample recovery rate was 90.56–99.96%, the daytime stability was 1.35–2.87%. These results showed that MMIPs had good performance in selectively identifying ZEN and were suitable for determining ZEN in cereals.
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Food & Function
·
2026
·
IF 6.3
Peiqiang Yuan,Bin Feng,Yan Lin,Shengyu Xu,Lun Hua,Yong Zhuo,Lianqiang Che,De Wu,Zhengfeng Fang
Zearalenone (ZEN), a widespread mycotoxin exhibiting estrogen-like activity, is known to impair placental function; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive, and effective targeted interventions are lacking. In this study, we utilized both porcine and rodent models to investigate the effects of ZEN exposure and evaluate the protective efficacy of Lactobacillus_rhamnosus GG (LGG). In pregnant sows, ZEN exposure significantly compromised placental vascular density and efficiency. Full-length 16S sequencing and bile acid-targeted metabolomics revealed that ZEN induced intestinal microbial dysbiosis and disrupted bile acid metabolism. Mechanistically, ZEN induced a pathological polarization of placental macrophages toward an M2-like phenotype, characterized by the overexpression of arginase-1 (Arg-1) and the suppression of nitric oxide (NO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production. Crucially, LGG supplementation reshaped the gut microbiota by enriching Ruminococcus_gnavus, which subsequently increased the production of isolithocholic acid (isoLCA). This metabolic modulation reversed the ZEN-induced aberrant macrophage polarization. Further validation in rodent models confirmed that ZEN drove aberrant hepatic M2 macrophage polarization, a phenotype that was similarly rectified by LGG administration. In conclusion, this study revealed that ZEN impaired placental function by driving pathological macrophage polarization, and indicated that LGG could mitigate this toxicity through alterations in the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism. These findings provided a novel perspective and a promising nutritional strategy for combating ZEN-induced reproductive toxicity.
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JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
·
2021
·
IF 4.556
Wenxue Hao,Yu Ge,Mingren Qu,Yangping Wen,Huan Liang,Minghui Li,Chuanbin Chen,Lanjiao Xu
Zearalenone (ZEN) has emerged as a global public health concern due to its significant pathogenicity and world-wide distribution in animal feed ingredients and agricultural food. In the study, we report on the design and development of a simple portable immunosensor based on polyamindoamine dendrimer (PD)-multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposite containing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) for rapid electrochemical immunoassay of ZEN residual in feed ingredients and agricultural food using U-disk potentiostat with smartphone. A large number of ZEN monoclonal antibody was covalently immobilized onto the electrode surface of nanocomposite owing to abundant carboxyl groups of PD , MWCNT and CMC. Nanocomposite modified screen printed electrode was employed to fabricate a simple rapid portable immunosensor using U-disk potentiostat with smartphone. The electrochemical immunosensor presented a desirable linear relationship ranges from 0.001–100 ng mL −1 with a low detection limit of 0.15 pg mL −1 under the optimal conditions, which was consistent with the results of the immunosensor prepared with glassy carbon electrode on the traditional potentiostat with desktop computer. It is proposed as a simple and robust analytical tool for rapid detection of hazardous substances including ZEN in feed ingredients and agricultural food on the basis of the great performance of the proposed immunosensor.
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Toxins
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 8
·521
·
IF 3.531
Xia Hong,Yuhao Mao,Chuqin Yang,Zhenjiang Liu,Ming Li,Daolin Du
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a prevalent mycotoxin that needs intensive monitoring. A semi-quantitative and quantitative immunochromatographic assay (ICA) was assembled for investigating ZEN contamination in 187 samples of cereal and their products from China in 2019. The semi-quantitative detection model had a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.50 ng/mL with visual judgment and could be completely inhibited within 5 min at 3.0 ng/mL ZEN. The quantitative detection model had a lower LOD of 0.25 ng/mL, and ZEN could be accurately and digitally detected from 0.25–4.0 ng/mL. The ICA method had a high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for on-site ZEN detection. For investigation of the authentic samples, the ZEN-positive rate was 62.6%, and the ZEN-positive levels ranged from 2.7 to 867.0 ng/g, with an average ZEN-positive level being 85.0 ng/g. Of the ZEN-positive samples, 6.0% exceeded the values of the limit levels. The ZEN-positive samples were confirmed to be highly correlated using LC-MS/MS (R2= 0.9794). This study could provide an efficiency and accuracy approach for ZEN in order to achieve visual and digitized on-site investigation. This significant information about the ZEN contamination levels might contribute to monitoring mycotoxin occurrence and for ensuring food safety.Keywords:zearalenone;immunochromatographic assay;semi-quantification;quantificationKey Contribution:A semi-quantitative and quantitative test strip had been developed and applied for investigating zearalenone contamination in 187 authentic samples in China in 2019.
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高影响因子
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2019
·Vol. 187
·期 1
·1-7
·
IF 5.479
Wang Jiani,Zhang Shupei,Dai Hong,Lin Yanyu
An impedimetric immunoassay was designed for ultrasensitive determination of zearalenone (ZEN). It is making use of the peroxidase-like activity of strip-shaped Co 3 O 4 (ssCo 3 O 4 ) which catalyzes the oxidation of 4-chloro-1-naphthol to produce an insoluble precipitate in the presence of H 2 O 2 . The precipitate is electrically nonconductive and accumulates on the electrode, thereby retarding the electron transfer from the redox probe ferro/ferricyanide to the surface of electrode. This amplifies the impedimetric signal in accordance with logarithm of the concentration of ZEN. The electrode was further modified with TiO 2 mesocrystals (TiO 2 MCs) which improve the capture of more analytes and increase the performance of the immunoassay. Under optimized experimental condition, the impedimetric signal increased linearly with the logarithm of the ZEN concentration range between 0.1 fg·mL −1 to 10 pg·mL −1 . The detection limit is of 33 ag· mL −1 .
This work describes an impedimetric immunoassay based on the use of strip-shaped Co3O4 that catalyzes the production of an insoluble precipitate in the presence of H2O2 on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. The effect was used for signal amplification in an electrochemical immunoassay for zearalenone.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 6.7
Hai-long Zhang,Chang-e Yang,Jing Du,Jun-bo He,Wei-nong Zhang
The aim of this study was to explore the detoxification effect and mechanism of montmorillonite (MMT) modified with quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) on zearalenone (ZEN) in corn oil. Therefore, the characteristics and adsorption behavior of MMT before and after QAS modification were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption–desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and molecular dynamics simulations. The results showed that hexadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride modified MMT (H-MMT) was an excellent adsorbent for removing ZEN from corn oil and the maximum adsorption amount of H-MMT (0.469 mg/g) for ZEN was 21.9 times that of MMT. This might be attributed to the numerous amounts of intercalation between MMT layers caused by QAS, which changed the appearance of MMT, increased the hydrophobicity, adsorption site, contact number and interaction energy of MMT with ZEN in corn oil. Adsorption experiments indicated that adsorption process of QAS modified MMT on ZEN was mainly chemical adsorption. Notably, H-MMT could not only remove pigment and ZEN in corn oil, but also improve oil quality by decreasing peroxide value and acid value. Therefore, H-MMT could be used as a potential adsorbent for the removal of ZEN from vegetable oil.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Ziyang He,Jinxin Zhang,Mei Liu,Yonghong Meng
An efficient aptasensor was developed for the colorimetric determination of zearalenone (ZEN) based on polyvalent aptamer scaffold and light-responsive oxidase-like nanozyme. The sensitivity and efficiency of the development method were significantly improved owing to rich aptamers and signal labels (3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, PCA) packed in the scaffold. The scaffold integrated functions of target recognition, surface immobilization and signal transduction. The photoresponsive nanoenzyme of TiO 2 -PCA was formed by PCA coordinated with Ti (IV) on the surface of TiO 2 . TiO 2 -PCA catalyzed dissolved oxygen rather than H 2 O 2 to generate colorimetric signal by stimulating the chromogenic substrate, which made the assay greener and safer. The detection limit of colorimetric mode was 0.0087 ng/mL and the satisfactory recoveries 92.00 %−111.00 % were achieved in spiked food samples. This strategy opens new horizons for sensitive detection of small molecule hazards and promises to be a powerful tool for safeguarding food safety.
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FOOD CONTROL
·
2023
·
IF 6
Yiyi Chen,Yanghong Shen,Yan Zhao,Junli Zhu,Haifeng Wang
A novel fluorescent immunochromatographic assay (ICA) with excellent specificity and sensitivity for evaluating trace residues of zearalenone (ZEN) in cereal samples was successfully developed. La 3+ -doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were assessed as antibody labels, following optimization of doping ratios. Our results indicated that 20% La 3+ -doped UCNPs had superior morphological structure and fluorescence characteristics, making them the optimal UCNPs. After labeling 20% La 3+ -doped UCNPs with ZEN monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), optimal polyacrylic acid amount, coupled mAbs amount, detection time, and fluorescent immunoprobe concentrations were determined as 2.0 mL, 20 μg, 10 min, and 8 mg/mL, respectively. Under optimized detection conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) for ZEN standard solutions was 0.25 ng/mL with coefficients of variation (CVs) ＜ 8.67% and a high linear correlation (R 2 = 0.9944). Furthermore, specificity analysis demonstrated that prepared test strips were highly specific for the target mycotoxin . The LODs of ZEN in wheat and maize were both 0.5 μg/kg in spiking recovery experiments, and the recoveries were 87.65%–99.26% and 84.12%–95.12% with the CVs being 1.29%–7.14% and 4.03%–9.01%, respectively, confirming that the optimal UCNPs-ICA was efficient, straightforward, and suitable for rapid on-site screening of ZEN in cereals.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·
IF 4.529
Zhengzong Wu,Enbo Xu,Muhammad F.J. Chughtai,Zhengyu Jin,Joseph Irudayaraj
A facile strategy was successfully developed for the detection of zearalenone (ZEN). In this assay, highly fluorescent upconversion nanoparticles were synthesized and conjugated with the complementary oligonucleotide of ZEN aptamer for use as signal probes. Magnetic nanoparticles immobilized with the ZEN aptamer were assigned as capture probes. The results exhibited that the linear correlation between the decreased luminescence intensity of the signal and the concentration of ZEN was very strong (R 2 = 0.9957) in the range of 0.05–100 μg/L. In addition, the limit of detection of the proposed method (0.126 μg/kg for corn and 0.007 μg/L for beer) was significantly lower than the existing methods. Furthermore, the reliability of the competitive immunoassay format was validated by comparing the results determined in real food samples to those obtained from a commercially available method. Overall, the novel aptasensor have showed great potential for rapid and accurate ZEN determination.
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Animals
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 4
·489
·
IF 2.7
Tong Sun,Fuhan Wang,Man Qian,Jingjing Wang,Mengyao Guo
Simple SummaryZearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin that widely contaminates feed. Glycyrrhizin acid (GA) is a traditional Chinese medicine extract of licorice. This study found that GA could alleviate the damage to chicken glands and stomachs caused by ZEA in vivo, reduce the levels of oxidative stress in the body, and reduce the number of instances of apoptosis and programmed necrosis. GA may inhibit apoptosis and programmed necrosis mediated by inflammation through the NFκB pathway and protect the glandular gastric tissue. These results provide indirection for toxicological studies of ZEA and therapeutic effects of GA and help further explore the toxic effects of mycotoxins on the digestive tract.Zearalenone (ZEA) is a kind of mycotoxin that widely contaminates food and feed and poses a threat to poultry farming. As a natural extract, glycyrrhizin acid (GA) has antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects. Although studies have revealed the toxic effects of ZEA on the liver, the mechanism by which GA reduces ZEA’s toxic protective glandular stomach remains unclear. In order to study the therapeutic effect of GA on tissue damage caused by ZEA, we conducted in vivo and in vitro experiments to compare the expression of inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and necrosis. The results showed that ZEA can induce inflammation in tissues and cells, inducing apoptosis and necrosis. In addition, GA can alleviate the toxic effects caused by ZEA and protect cells. Dietary GA significantly increased the antioxidant capacity of glandulae and inhibited the overexpression of NFκB/IκB-α and its mediated inflammatory response. Moreover, GA decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic factors and necrosis factors, thereby alleviating apoptosis and necrosis of chicken glandular stomach cells. At present, the mechanism of ZEA damage to livers and lungs has been confirmed by studies. However, there have been no studies on GA alleviating the damage caused by ZEA to the glandular stomach. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the mechanism of GA alleviating the damage caused by ZEA in the glandular stomach through in vivo and in vitro experimental comparison. The results may provide some reference for the solution of feed contamination.
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