JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 11.2
Fawei Wang,Liang Xu,Ji Zou,Jingjing Liu,Huayue Liang,Wei Ji,Weimin Wang,Zhengyi Fu
High entropy boride ceramics have great potential as structural materials serving in extreme environments. However, their applications are limited by the difficulty of sintering. In the present study, dense (Ti 0.2 Zr 0.2 Hf 0.2 Nb 0.2 Ta 0.2 )B 2 ceramics with B 4 C additions were prepared through pressureless sintering at as low as 1900 °C. Calculations based on the CALPHAD approach predict that (Ti 0.2 Zr 0.2 Hf 0.2 Nb 0.2 Ta 0.2 )B 2 starts to melt at about 3315 °C whilst B 4 C additions reduce the temperature and broaden the temperature region where solid and liquid coexist. Results showed that the introduction of B 4 C could trigger the densification of (Ti 0.2 Zr 0.2 Hf 0.2 Nb 0.2 Ta 0.2 )B 2 at a lower temperature and promote their densification significantly. The relative density of samples with 5 wt% of B 4 C additions sintered at 1900 and 2000 °C was 97.7 % and 99.7 %, respectively. While the sintering temperature was further increased to 2100 °C, the liquid phase was reactively formed, leading to the rapid grain coarsening in samples with B 4 C additions. Strengthened by well-dispersed B 4 C grains, the sample with 5 wt% B 4 C sintered at 2000 °C exhibited excellent mechanical properties with the Vickers hardness, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of 21.07 ± 2.09 GPa, 547 ± 45 MPa, and 5.24 ± 0.14 MPa m 1/2 , which are comparable or even higher than counterparts sintered under pressure.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·
IF 3.25
Ruifeng Liu,Wenxian Wang,Hongsheng Chen,Zhen Lu,Wei Zhao,Tingting Zhang
In this study, high-quantity pure magnesium was prepared by SPS, and the sintering densification mechanism was discussed by using numerical simulation and simultaneous experiment. Results show that a layer of dense magnesium oxide was formed at the surface of Mg particles, and the oxide reduction can be observed owing to the effect of oxide film removal in SPS. The high energy pulsed current flows preferentially through particle contact surfaces, which provides the conditions for the generation of micro-arc between particles and the temperature at the particles contact point can be up to 1979 °C. With the low pressure at the initial sintering stage, local high temperature induced by micro-arc makes the melting (even evaporation) appearance. At the same sintering temperature of 570 °C, the obvious difference in bending strength also demonstrates the significance of spark discharge in SPS. The formation process of sintering neck demonstrates that sintering process is the reflection of melting (even evaporation), diffusion and plastic deformation. In order to realize tiny area and high-quality connection between powder particles, an innovative powder sintering technology using high-frequency pulse electric current (High frequency pulse current assisted sintering) is proposed based on the enlightenment of the skin, proximity and arc discharge effect of high-frequency pulse current. This technology is also instructive for other alloys and engineering materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
冶金工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
·
2018
·Vol. 48
·期 1
·374-385
·
IF 1.566
Tong Huanzhe,Wang Nengli,Zou Yuqi,Zhang Zhaoquan,Fan Wugang,Shou Jinxiang,Zhang Xiyan
Yttrium aluminum garnet (Y 3 Al 5 O 12 , YAG) ceramics with a relative density of about 99.5% were fabricated by solid-state reaction and pressureless sintering using commercial α-Al 2 O 3 and Y 2 O 3 powders as raw materials in air. The effect of different sintering additives, e.g. tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), MgO and TEOS + MgO, on the relative density and mechanical properties of the YAG ceramic samples were investigated. When the dopant content of TEOS exceeded 0.5 wt.%, a sudden grain growth appeared, as well as a residual second phase located in triangle grain boundary. MgO was more effective as a sintering additive than silica in promoting the densification of the YAG ceramics. The relative density of the ceramics gradually decreased with the increase of MgO doping content and fixed TEOS content. The mechanical properties of the YAG ceramics fabricated by pressureless sintering in air at 1600–1710°C were tested. The fracture surface morphology of the MgO-doped ceramic samples was mainly transgranular, whereas the TEOS-doped samples were mainly intergranular.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Jinfeng Li,Yuxuan Li,Yang Liu,Yuan Shao,Wuyang Song,Youjun Lu
： High-entropy nitride ceramics (HENCs) require high sintering temperatures,and exhibit relatively low density and insufficient fracture toughness, greatly restricting their applicability in structural load-bearing scenarios under extreme service environments. To address these limitations, this study employed Fe as a sintering aid and prepared (Hf 0.2 Zr 0.2 Ti 0.2 Nb 0.2 Ta 0.2 )N-Fe composite ceramics with 0–20 wt% Fe via spark plasma sintering (SPS) in the temperature range of 1600–2100 ℃. We evaluated how Fe content and sintering temperature jointly affect microstructure and mechanical properties. The results show that pure HEN ceramics densifies only at 2100 °C, reaching 96.41% relative density, due to sluggish diffusion and lattice distortion. Although high temperature enhances diffusion, it also coarsens the grains to 5.40 ± 2.18 μm. In contrast, adding only 5 wt% Fe enables densification at a reduced temperature of 1700 °C, achieving 98.81% relative density and refining the grain size to 3.25 ± 1.01 μm. Regarding mechanical properties, pure HEN ceramics exhibits a hardness of 19.79 ± 0.49 GPa and a fracture toughness of 3.86 ± 0.32 MPa·m 1/2 . When 5 wt% Fe is added, both mechanical indices increase markedly, with hardness increasing to 21.09 ± 0.35 GPa and fracture toughness to 4.38 ± 0.31 MPa·m 1/2 . These results demonstrate a pronounced synergistic effect of Fe addition and reduced sintering temperature on the microstructure of HEN ceramics. During sintering, by forming Fe-rich interfacial phases, Fe accelerates low-temperature densification, while its segregation at grain boundaries and triple junctions regulates boundary migration, enabling fine grains and high density at reduced sintering temperatures.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
·
2017
·
IF 2.048
Zhangyi Huang,Zhangkai Cao,Ke Shi,Jianqi Qi,Mao Zhou,Zhe Tang,Wei Han,Xinyue Diao,Jun Tang,Tiecheng Lu
For Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 , nanograin ceramics with high relative densities (95%–97.4%) and small average grain sizes (61 nm - 82 nm) were successfully fabricated for the first time using field assisted sintering technique (FAST), also known as spark plasma sintering (SPS) method, in which nanopowders with an average crystallite size of 5.9 nm were synthesized via a non-aqueous gel-combustion method. Temperature was varied over a broad range to investigate its influence on the densification mechanism, microstructure evolution and hardness. The results revealed that both relative density and grain size increase with the increase of sintering temperature . The densification processes were divided to three stages. 1250 °C–1300 °C is the most suitable temperature range to fabricate dense Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 nanograin ceramics with comparatively high hardness by FAST.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
无机非金属材料
·
陶瓷工程
·
纳米材料
·
固态化学
·
烧结工艺
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2024
·Vol. 107
·期 7
·5115-5126
·
IF 3.5
Chao Pan,Aiyang Wang,Wenwen Zhang,Jinyong Zhang,Weimin Wang,Fan Zhang,Zhengyi Fu
Lithium (Li)-doped boron carbide (B 4 C) has generated widespread attention for its potential to enhance mechanical properties. Nevertheless, the influence of the Li solid solution on the microstructure and mechanical properties of B 4 C ceramics remain unclear. In this research, the microstructure of Li-doped B 4 C was investigated in meticulous detail. Through X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy analysis, it was confirmed that Li successfully solubilized in B 4 C at 1 500°C under 50 MPa for an 8 min, resulting in lattice expansion. Further insights from electron energy loss spectroscopy revealed the integration of Li into the crystal lattice and alterations in the C–B–C chains. Furthermore, the Li 2 O content significantly affected the densification and microstructure of B 4 C. Relative density increased from 91.2% (B 4 C) to 99.2% (9 wt.% Li 2 O–B 4 C), accompanied by a transition from a few intragranular planar defects to high-density twins. Mechanical property tests demonstrated that 9 wt.% Li 2 O–B 4 C exhibited optimal comprehensive mechanical performance, with a flexural strength of 533 ± 27 MPa, fracture toughness of 3.71 ± 0.29 MPa∙m 1/2 , hardness of 33.3 ± 0.6 GPa, and a density of just 2.45 g/cm 3 , surpassing that of pure B 4 C.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷
·
固态化学
·
微观结构分析
·
力学性能
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
·
2013
·Vol. 69
·期 8
·574-577
·
IF 2.821
Limeng Liu,Lianbing Zhong,Baoyou Zhang,Zhonghong Lai,Feng Ye,Zhiguo Zhang,Yu Zhou
The effects of the addition of 5 mol.% aluminum , copper, silver or gold on the densification , microstructures, mechanical properties and oxidation resistance in thin air of TaC ceramics were investigated. Full density and relatively high flexural strength (up to 738 MPa) were observed in the case of the Au addition after spark plasma sintering at 1700 °C for 5 min under 30 MPa pressure. Due to wetting of the TaC grains by a thin metallic film , the consolidated materials showed enhanced oxidation resistance against thin air.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷
·
冶金学
·
高温材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
·
2022
·
IF 4.804
Lei Huang,Yafei Pan,Jiuxing Zhang,Yong Du,Yuhui Zhang
W-30Si refractory targets were widely used as gate materials in the field of semiconductor integrated circuits. This work aimed to study the microstructure, densification mechanism, and mechanical properties of W-30Si targets prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The results manifested that the punch displacement and relative density rose as temperatures increased, and the sintering route processed at 1200 °C included four parts. A fully dense target can be obtained at 1200 °C, while part of Si would volatilize at 1220 °C. No significant variation was observed in grain sizes from 1000 to 1200 °C, thus it was believed that the consolidation predominated over this temperature range. The effective stress exponent ( n ) was generally regarded as a parameter closely related to the densification mechanism. At the initial stage of 1000 to 1200 °C and the late stage of 1000 °C ( n < 1), the particle rearrangement had a major influence on the densification. At the late stage of 1050 to 1200 °C (1 < n < 2), the grain boundary diffusion was a significant factor for consolidation, and the activation energy ( n = 1.5) was estimated to be 931.40 kJ/mol. Besides, the microhardness rose with increasing temperatures. The present study laid the groundwork for future research on the fabrication of W-30Si targets by SPS.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
机械工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Ren Yu,Dai Fu-zhi,Lu Sijia,Hu Yunfeng,Ding Qi,Si Mingming,Sun Yongsheng,Xia Zhiguo,Fan Yuchi,Jiang Wan
The non-toxic hybrid luminescent copper(I) iodides are competitive solution for environmentally sustainable applications in solar cells, lighting, and detectors. However, their susceptibility to elevated temperature and oxidation creates great hurdles for technological integration due to the lack of suitable encapsulation. Inspired by the mechanism and kinetics of dolomitization in geology, we propose a cold sintering process that enables the densification of highly transparent SrF 2 ceramic at 150 o C, which can serve as a matrix for hybrid copper iodides. The introduction of cation-rich (Sr 2+ rich) solution accelerates the rate-determining precipitation of solvated ions, which largely promotes the cold sintering process at low temperature. During the proposed cold sintering process, the synergistic effect of uniaxial pressure and temperature generates a continuous dispersion of melted hybrid copper iodide ([Cu 4 I 4 (pph 2 Et) 4 ]) throughout the thermally conductive matrix, leading to an external quantum efficiency of 50%, enhanced resistance to thermal quenching, and superior stability after 100 h of damp-heat test. By encapsulating various hybrid copper iodides, the strategy is applicable for not only full-spectrum white lighting, but also X-ray imaging.
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2025
·
IF 4.3
Wenjuan Zhu,Xiaoning Han,Linhong Deng,Xiang Wang
Tissue densification is a fundamental biological process involved in development, regeneration, and disease, significantly influencing tissue mechanics and cellular mechanical microenvironments. However, the effects of tissue densification on mechanical properties, the roles of key cytoskeletal components, and their responses to external mechanical stress remain poorly understood. In this study, fibroblast–collagen microtissues were cultured on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microstring scaffolds with different mechanical constraints to generate low- and high-densification microtissues. High-precision indentation force sensor analysis demonstrated that increased densification enhanced microtissue stiffness, accelerated stress relaxation, and elevated energy dissipation. Pharmacological disruption of cytoskeletons revealed the critical role of F-actin in regulating stiffness and viscoelastic resistance in a densification-dependent manner: in high-densification microtissues, F-actin had a greater impact on stiffness and dissipated energy, but a reduced effect on stress relaxation. Furthermore, under 50% strain indentation, high-densification microtissues exhibited irreversible deformation and increased cellular injury. Injured regions showed reduced stiffness, shorter stress relaxation time constants, and higher energy dissipation, indicating structural and cellular damage. These results enhance our understanding of tissue mechanobiology by elucidating the interplay between tissue densification, cytoskeletal mechanics, and injury responses, providing valuable insights for optimizing tissue mechanical microenvironments and improving the mechanical compatibility of biomaterials.
研究领域:
生物力学
·
细胞生物学
·
再生医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOM
·
2025
·
IF 2.3
Wang Ya-Long,Yang Xiao-Hui,Zhang Guo-Hua
A simple and effective method is proposed for producing polycrystalline La 1- x Ce x B 6 (LaB 6 , La 0.75 Ce 0.25 B 6 , La 0.5 Ce 0.5 B 6 , La 0.25 Ce 0.75 B 6 , and CeB 6 )-Al 2 O 3 ceramics. La 1- x Ce x B 6 solid-solution powders were first prepared by the reaction between lanthanum oxides, cerium oxides, boron carbide, and aluminum powders at 1573 K, during which a trace amount of Al 2 O 3 (1–3 wt.%) was inevitably introduced. Subsequently, highly dense (> 98.5%) La 1- x Ce x B 6 -Al 2 O 3 ceramics were produced using spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology at 1850°C, and the results revealed that the existence of Al 2 O 3 can enhance the mechanical properties of La 1- x Ce x B 6 by pinning the grain boundaries and refining the grains. Among the samples, the La 0.5 Ce 0.5 B 6 -Al 2 O 3 composition exhibited the most excellent mechanical properties, which were 22.8 GPa, 4.14 MPa m 1/2 , and 271 MPa for the Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, and flexural strength, respectively. Moreover, compared to the polycrystalline LaB 6 and CeB 6 bulks, the work functions of La 1- x Ce x B 6 bulks were lower, and the presence of Al 2 O 3 had a slight influence on the work function of La 1- x Ce x B 6 .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2024
·Vol. 17
·期 12
·2904
·
IF 3.1
Xin Yang,Kaihua Li,Jun Li,Zhuo Sheng,Ying Liu
In this work, the preparation of titanium sponge by magnesium thermal method is regarded as the liquid-phase sintering process of titanium, and powder-metallurgy sintering technology is utilized to simulate the aggregation–growth and densification behavior of titanium particles in a high-temperature liquid medium (the molten Mg-MgCl2system). It was found that compared with MgCl2, Mg has better high-temperature wettability and reduction effect, which promotes titanium particles to form a sponge titanium skeleton at lower temperature. The aggregation degree of titanium particles and the densification degree of a sponge titanium skeleton can be improved by increasing the temperature and the relative content of Mg in the melting medium. The kinetics study shows that with the increase in temperature, the porosity of the titanium particle aggregates and the sponge titanium skeleton decreases, and their density growth rate increases. With the extension of time, the aggregation degree of titanium particles and the densification degree of sponge titanium gradually increase. This work provides a theoretical reference for controlling the density of titanium sponge in industry.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
冶金工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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