SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2021
·
IF 7.963
Dongmei Bi,Fupeng Huang,Mei Jiang,Zhisen He,Xiaona Lin
Biochar derived from nitrogen-rich pyrolysis of biomass can be used as a soil conditioner, but it contains a large amount of environmental persistent free radicals (EPFRs). EPFRs are a newly identified environmentally harmful substance, and the detection and research on EPFRs in nitrogen-rich pyrolyzed char is lacking. Biochars prepared from cellulose-urea mixtures at different temperatures, residence times, and urea ratios were analyzed in this study. EPFRs in biochar prepared at 500 °C had the highest spin concentrations. Substituted aromatic compounds were the precursors to the EPFRs. The types of EPFRs in biochars shifted from oxygen-centered at 400 °C to carbon- and oxygen-centered in the 450–600 °C range due to a reduction in oxygen-containing functional groups. Residence time experiments showed that most EPFRs formed in the first 5 min of pyrolysis. C was the main element used for the formation of EPFRs, while N content was negatively correlated with the concentration of EPFRs. Pyrolysis temperature was the key factor determining the types of EPFRs produced, while proportion of urea only affected the concentrations of EPFRs and not type. The results of this study are of great significance for understanding the environmental behavior of common EPFRs in nitrogen-rich biochar.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2023
·
IF 6
Mengqi Zhong,Jinping Li,Lun Zhou,Teng Wang,Jingxin Liu,Meng Mei,Si Chen
This research investigates the mechanism of co-pyrolysis in waste-blended textiles (polyester/cotton blends). Thermogravimetry and mass spectrometry analysis were utilized to study the mass loss behavior and gas emission characteristics of cellulose (CE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with various mass ratios during pyrolysis. The EA, BET and FTIR analysis were used to investigate the interaction among the solid phase products. The findings revealed a clear synergistic effect between CE and PET. When the theoretical and actual thermogravimetry/gas release curves were compared, the synergistic effect in the co-pyrolysis process inhibited a release of small volatile substances (H 2 , CH 4 , C 2 H 2 , CO and CO 2 ) at high temperatures and directly promoted hydrocarbon enrichment in solid products, which could affect the adsorption performance of solid phase products, and the inhibition effect was strongest when the ratio was 35:65.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Communications
·
2020
·
IF 2.678
Xueyan Xu,Rui Chen,Xinwei Ye,Hailong Fei,Pingchuan Sun,Tiehong Chen
Monolayer carbon materials, including monolayer graphene, carbon nanohorn, single-wall nanotube , monolayer giant fullerenes and monolayer amorphous carbon , have been attracting great interest due to their unique physicochemical properties, and new methods for facile and large scale preparation of monolayer carbons are challenging and of great importance. Herein, N-P-doped monolayer carbon foam were prepared by a direct pyrolysis method. The aerogel-like carbon foam was composed of connected and/or fused monolayer carbon nanoshells with the size of 2−6 nm, and the hierarchically porous structure gave rise to an extremely large surface area of 2570 m 2 g −1 . The carbon foam was preliminarily tested as catalyst support and negative electrode material for lithium ion battery and exhibited good performance. This study would inspire further study on formation mechanism of monolayer carbon, as well as modification and functionalization of the monolayer carbon nanoshells for application in catalysis and energy conversion and storage.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 4.917
Hao Li,Samah Awadh Ali Mahyoub,Wenjie Liao,Shuqian Xia,Hechuan Zhao,Mengya Guo,Peisheng Ma
The magnetic biochars were easily fabricated by thermal pyrolysis of Fe(NO 3 ) 3 and distillation residue derived from rice straw pyrolysis oil at 400, 600 and 800 °C. The effects of pyrolysis temperature on characteristics of magnetic biochars as well as adsorption capacity for aromatic contaminants (i.e., anisole, phenol and guaiacol) were investigated carefully. The degree of carbonization of magnetic biochars become higher as pyrolysis temperature increasing. The magnetic biochar reached the largest surface area and pore volume at the pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C due to pores blocking in biochar during pyrolysis at 800 °C. Based on batch adsorption experiments, the used adsorbent could be magnetically separated and the adsorption capacity of anisole on magnetic biochars was stronger than that of phenol and guaiacol. The properties of magnetic biochar, including surface area, pore volume, aromaticity, grapheme-like-structure and iron oxide (γ-Fe 2 O 3 ) particles, showed pronounced effects on the adsorption performance of aromatic contaminants.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
环境工程
·
材料科学
·
物理化学
·
污染控制化学
·
能源材料
·
吸附科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2024
·
IF 9
Jia Liu,Shanjian Liu,An Zhao,Dongmei Bi,Mengqian Yin,Wenjing Zhao
Nitrogen-enriched pyrolysis strategies can effectively convert biomass into nitrogenous chemicals. However, the bio-oil fractions obtained from conventional one-step pyrolysis (OSP) are still complex, limiting their further upgrading and refining. Therefore, a stepwise nitrogen-enriched pyrolysis strategy was proposed in this study. The aim was to investigate the role of the stepwise process in regulating the enrichment of bio-oil fractions and the evolution of nitrogen forms in biochar obtained from nitrogen-rich pyrolysis of cellulose. The results indicated that selecting lower pyrolysis temperatures (T1 = 250 °C, 300 °C) in the first step (S1) of the stepwise nitrogen-enriched pyrolysis could effectively convert the furans and carbonyls such as esters derived from the cellulose into nitrogenous compounds. Thereby, the relative enrichment of nitrogen-containing compounds was achieved. Of these, O300–S1 was enriched with 84.13% nitrogenous compounds (mainly pyrroles and pyrazines). Elemental and XPS analyses revealed that stepwise pyrolysis was more favorable for N enrichment in biochar, and that stepwise pyrolysis at 300 °C was favorable for nitrogen atoms to dope in the carbon lattice. Finally, the possible migration pathways of NH 3 –N during pyrolysis were proposed. This study presents new insights into the high-value utilization of nitrogenous compounds obtained from lignocellulosic biomass.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
生物质转化
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2012
·
IF 4.98
Yuxin Wang,Tao He,Kaituo Liu,Jinhu Wu,Yunming Fang
Compared hydrodeoxygenation experimental studies of both model compounds and real bio-oil derived from biomass fast pyrolysis and catalytic pyrolysis was carried out over two different supported Pt catalysts. For the model compounds, the deoxygenation degree of dibenzofuran was higher than that of cresol and guaiacol over both Pt/Al 2 O 3 and the newly developed Pt supported on mesoporous zeolite (Pt/MZ-5) catalyst, and the deoxygenation degree of cresol over Pt/MZ-5 was higher than that over Pt/Al 2 O 3 . The results indicated that hydrodeoxygenation become much easier upon oxygen reduction. Similar to model compounds study, the hydrodeoxygenation of the real bio-oil derived from catalytic pyrolysis was much easier than that from fast pyrolysis over both Pt catalysts, and the Pt/MZ-5 again shows much higher deoxygenation ability than Pt/Al 2 O 3 . Clearly synergy between catalytic pyrolysis and bio-oil hydro-processing was found in this paper and this finding will lead an advanced biofuel production pathway in the future.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 9.642
Jiajun Yu,Bingbing Luo,Yihan Wang,Siyu Wang,Kai Wu,Chao Liu,Sheng Chu,Huiyan Zhang
In this study, a simple and rapid method was proposed to synthesize orthorhombic α-Mo 2 C as catalyst for lignin catalytic pyrolysis. Biomass in-situ pyrolysis products were used as the carbon source and supporter, the carbonization of Mo precursor was realized under rapid heating. Experimental results show that Pine-Mo 2 C catalyst can achieve lignin pyrolysis vapor bond breaking and deoxidation under normal pressure, and the yield of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is 13.26 wt%, of which aromatic hydrocarbons with side chain account for 74%. The side chain aliphatic hydrocarbons of lignin are effectively retained, and hydrogen consumption is minimized. The characterization of catalyst and experiments of guaiacol, 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol and 4,4′-biphenol shows that efficient deoxidation is due to targeted attack of catalyst on C-O. Therefore, Pine-Mo 2 C shows excellent activity in promoting direct bond breaking deoxidation of lignin.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化
·
可再生能源
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Energies
·
2022
·Vol. 15
·期 19
·7221
·
IF 3.252
Mengyao Guo,Shu Yu,Shu Zhang,Juntao Wei,Wenran Gao,Weina Bao,Lei Shi,Hong Zhang,Deliang Xu
In thermal conversion utilization, nitrogen-rich biomass such as waste wood-based panels will release a large amount of NOxinto the atmosphere, causing serious harm to the surroundings. By means of co-pyrolysis, N in waste wood-based panels can be fixed in chars instead of discharging into the atmosphere in the form of volatile matter, which can reduce NOxemission and lay a foundation for the preparation of nitrogen-rich carbon materials with high added value. As the most commonly used adhesive in the production of wood-based panels, urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive (UF) is the main nitrogen source in waste wood-based panels. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of glucose, ethyl maltol and 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2H)-furanone (DMHF) on nitrogen migration and conversion during UF pyrolysis by adjusting the different proportions of model compounds and UF. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that ethyl maltol and DMHF had lower thermal stability and the pyrolysis process was concentrated in the range of 90–168 °C, which does not coincide with the mass loss temperature of UF. UF can promote the pyrolysis of these three model compounds at the initial stage to some extent. The elemental analysis showed that the N retention in co-pyrolysis chars increased in varying degrees with the increase of the addition of model compounds; the nitrogen retention in chars of glucose-UF, ethyl maltol-UF and DMHF-UF increased by 28.47%, 3.48% and 16.45% with the increase of the model compound content from 50% to 90%, respectively. The XPS results showed that the relative content of N-6 in chars increased with the increase of ethyl maltol content, and the relative content of N-5 in chars increased with the increased addition of DMHF. Glucose had little effect on the distribution of N-functional groups in chars.Keywords:wood;thermal conversion;model compounds;urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive;char;nitrogen migration and transformation
研究领域:
能源科学
·
生物质能
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Hongyi Huang,Shaoyuan Liu,Zeyu Kang,Yiwen Zhu,Chengbin Zhang,E Xiang,Zhang Lin,Weizhen Liu
Vancomycin fermentation residue (VFR) urgently needs proper treatment due to its complex and hazardous nature. Pyrolysis is a promising treatment method, while the product characteristics of VFR pyrolysis remain unclear. Therefore, the influence of different atmospheres and stepwise pyrolysis (including one-stage reaction in N 2 or CO 2 and two-stage reaction in N 2 ) on pyrolysis behavior, product characteristics, and N/S migration mechanism during VFR pyrolysis were investigated for the first time in this work. The results showed that VFR mainly decomposed at 180–600 °C, forming non-condensable gas, bio-oil, and biochar. The main released gases included CO 2 , H 2 O, NH 3 , HCN, SO 2 , and H 2 S, whereas the N-containing pollutant gas, notably NH 3 , should be focused due to its high emission (>10 %). Bio-oil was rich in N-containing compounds with a content exceeding 46 %, mainly consisting of Indolizne (9.2–11.5 %), 5H-1-Pyrindine (5.0–9.9 %), and Indole (8.4–9.0 %), and 9-Octadecenamide, (Z)- (1.8–10.1 %). Moreover, the effects of different conditions on the product characteristics were as follows: For the one-stage reaction, compared to N 2 , the CO 2 atmosphere promoted the formation of alcohols (intended product, increasing 2.2–14.6 %), whereas the two-stage reaction in N 2 inhibited alcohol production (decreasing 1.1–2.5 %). At CO 2 condition, the harmless temperature of VFR reduced from 600 °C (pyrolysis in N 2 ) to 400 °C. Both CO 2 (increasing 0.6–1.5 %) and the two-stage reaction in N 2 (increasing 0.4–1.0 %) retained more N in the solid. Kinetics showed that the pyrolysis process of VFR conformed to diffusion models and reaction order models (F2/D1/F3/D1 for N 2 and F2/D2/F3/D1 for CO 2 ). The VFR transformed to the chemicals and fuels mainly through the deamination, desulfurization, dehydration, decarboxylation, and dehydrogenation reactions. This work provides guidance for harmless disposal and resource utilization during VFR pyrolysis.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
生物工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2025
·
IF 8.4
Xinyao Li,Liangzhong Li,Zhichao Huang,Zhaofeng Chang,Zhuo Tu,Luping Tian,Wei Du,Hao Li,Peng Zhang,Bo Pan
In the research on the preparation of biochar from co-pyrolysis of red mud (RM) and biomass, the synergistic mechanism of immobilizing heavy metals (HMs) and enhancing the stability of biochar is seldom reported. In this study, the effects of different mass ratios of corn stalks (CS) and RM (9:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1) and pyrolysis temperatures (300 °C, 450 °C, 600 °C) on the physicochemical properties, carbon stability, HMs speciation, and their potential risks were investigated. Furthermore, the mechanism of the co-pyrolysis process to enhance biochar stability and facilitate transformation of HMs speciation was analyzed. The results showed that co-pyrolysis of CS with RM significantly enhanced biochar's oxidation resistance (I D /I G = 0.61, R 50,biochar = 0.52), and simultaneously increased the stabilized state proportion of Ni, Cr, and Cd that exceed standard limits, thereby reduced the biochar phytotoxicity (GI = 193.20%). During the co-pyrolysis process, the metals and metal minerals in RM catalyzed the cleavage of CS, promoting the formation of condensed aromatic carbon structures in biochar, which adsorbed the free HMs to form organic carbon-metal/metal oxide complexes through coordination, achieving the dual roles of immobilizing HMs and enhancing the stability of biochar. In addition, the formation of large aggregates and the conversion of free HMs into metal oxides are important mechanisms for co-pyrolysis to enhance the biochar stability and HMs immobilization, respectively. This study provides a feasible and promising direction for the synergistic and efficient resource utilization of industrial and agricultural waste.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤修复
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WASTE MANAGEMENT
·
2022
·
IF 8.816
Chengyang Cao,Yetao Cheng,Hongyun Hu,Hao Wang,Shuai Liu,Ming Hu,Xian Li,Hong Yao
Textile dyeing sludge (TDS) is a typical industrial solid waste whose amount surged with the textile industry's development. Pyrolysis treatment is a promising technique for TDS to realize harmless disposal and resource reuse. However, the high content of organic compounds would cause sulfurous pollutants emission, reducing the economic feasibility during pyrolysis. This study aimed to fill the knowledge gaps about the thermal behavior, products distribution, kinetics, and sulfur transformation during TDS pyrolysis in 350–575 ℃ with the heating rate of 60, 600, and 6000 ℃/min, then investigate the sulfur fixation effect of CaO under representative conditions (350 ℃, 650 ℃ with 60 ℃/min, 6000 ℃/min). The primary decomposition stage of TDS is observed in 127–557 ℃, following the Avrami-Erofeev (n = 3) model, while the activation energy presents a convergent tendency with the increased heating rate. The pyrolysis temperature and heating rates impact the cracking of organic compounds, while a weakening effect is found for the sulfur distribution. CaO addition could efficiently realize sulfur fixation in char by absorbing sulfurous gas products, but SO 2 escape appeared with the increased CaO fraction. Pyrolysis condition at 650 ℃-60 ℃/min with 10 wt% CaO addition is recommended to achieve high sulfur retention, and the sulfur transformation mechanism in char during the TDS pyrolysis with and without CaO is proposed. Our findings provide novel and fundamental insights into the efficient disposal and pollution control during TDS pyrolysis.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2019
·
IF 4.527
Huanlong Peng,Yukun Wu,Tong Guan,Wei He,Liang Xu,Yongmei Liang,Wei Liu
In this study, we analyzed the effects of sludge aging pre-treatment on the stabilization mechanisms of heavy metals during sludge pyrolysis . First, the form of copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) was conducted using the sequential extraction procedure proposed by the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR). The stabilization mechanisms for the sludge pyrolysis of Cu and Cr were then analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results indicate the following: 1) with aging pre-treatment, the improvement in adsorption performance and the formation of newly crystallized materials, like polyhydroxy copper phosphate and chromium phosphate minerals , occur concurrently with the stabilization of heavy metals during pyrolysis; 2) after four weeks of aging, active functional groups like amino and carboxyl groups were significantly sharpened, and caused sustained complexation of the heavy metals. Results suggested that the aging pre-treatment aided the stabilization of heavy metals during sludge pyrolysis. Notably, the aging effect can decrease the potential ecological risk of heavy metals.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）