JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2018
·Vol. 136
·期 11
·47180
·
IF 1.901
Mengwei Jiang,Yunshu Zhang,Yuan Yu,Qingwu Zhang,Bujun Huang,Zhiquan Chen,Tingting Chen,Juncheng Jiang
Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) was modified using a new method, where the resulting modified APP (MAPP) was obtained by mixing APP with unsaturated polyester resin (UPR). MAPP was more effective in improving the flame retardancy of UPR than APP which was due to the improved dispersion of MAPP in UPR composite. Then, the UPR composites were prepared based on dimethyl methylphosphonate, MAPP, montmorillonite, and zinc borate. Finally, the flame-retardant and mechanical properties of the UPR composites were analyzed using the limited oxygen index (LOI), thermogravimetric analysis, UL-94 vertical burning test, scanning electron microscopy, cone calorimetry, mechanical tests, and viscosity measurements. The LOI and UL-94 tests showed that the flame-retardant properties clearly improved with the addition of fillers in the UPR composites compared to pristine UPR. The synergistic effect of Si- and P-containing flame retardants in this composite resulted in the LOI value increasing from 18.9 to 31.3% and achieved the UL-94 V-0 rating. Moreover, the heat release rate was lower than the pristine UPR. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136 , 47180.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CELLULOSE
·
2017
·Vol. 24
·期 12
·5505-5514
·
IF 3.417
Fei Ming-En,Xie Tianshun,Liu Wendi,Chen Han,Qiu Renhui
The present study focused on the surface treatment of bamboo fibers (BFs) with a bifunctional monomer, 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane (EVC), in the presence of N, N -dimethylbenzylamine as the catalyst, which results in the grafting of the fibers with C=C bonds on the surface. The modified BFs carrying C=C bonds were used to prepare bamboo fibers reinforced unsaturated polyester (UPE) composites by hand lay-up compression molding. Hence, chemical connections between the modified-fibers and UPE resins were formed via the free-radical polymerization of the C=C bonds during the preparation of the BFs–UPE composites. XPS analysis proved that the EVC was covalently bonded onto BFs. XRD analysis revealed that EVC-grafting did not alter the crystal structure of the fibers, but slightly decreased their crystallinity degrees. SEM images indicated an markedly improved interfacial adhesion between BFs and UPE matrices after fiber modification, which significantly increased the tensile strength, flexural strength, flexural modulus, storage modulus, glass transition temperature, and water resistance of the resulting BFs–UPE composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 137
·期 38
·49148
·
IF 2.52
Wei Gao,Yuan Yu,Tingting Chen,Qingwu Zhang,Zhongwei Chen,Zhiquan Chen,Juncheng Jiang
Three metal oxides (MOs) (Fe 2 O 3 , Sb 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 ) were incorporated into blends of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR)/ammonium polyphosphate (APP) composites with the aim of studying and comparing their synergistic effect on flame retardancy with APP. The UPR-APP/MOs composites were prepared, then the thermal stability and flame-retardant properties of the UPR composites were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL-94), and cone calorimetry test (CCT). Besides, residues after CCT were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and laser Raman spectroscopy. The LOI values of the UPR composites with 0.5 wt% MOs increased to around 40%. However, the CCT results indicated that the incorporation of Sb 2 O 3 brought an increase in the total heat release. Moreover, these three MOs had different effects on the process of thermal degradation of UPR composites from the TGA results. Based on the above results, Al 2 O 3 provided a best promotion on flame retardancy among three MOs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
消防安全工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2022
·
IF 5.204
Shuang-Lin Hu,Ying-Ming Li,Wen-Juan Hu,Jose Hobson,De-Yi Wang
Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) composites with excellent flame retardancy and high mechanical property is a great challenge to its widely application. In present work, a highly efficient flame retardant (MA-DOPO) containing nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus elements was designed via a nucleophilic substitution reaction of amino and aldehyde groups. For the UPR/MA-DOPO 15 composites, its tensile strength was 28.3 MPa, which was 19.9 % higher than that of neat UPR attributing to the formation of hydrogen bonds with UPR. It should be noted that tensile strength of UPR/MA-DOPO 20 composites reached the highest 39.6 MPa, showing a growth trend with the enhancement of incorporation amount of MA-DOPO. Meanwhile, the UPR/MA-DOPO 15 composites passed the UL-94 V-0 rating with a LOI of 27.0%, and the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release rate (THR) were reduced by 35.1% and 41.6% in cone calorimeter (CC) test comparing to that of neat UPR respectively. Moreover, the detailed flame-retarding mechanism of MA-DOPO was investigated by the thermogravimetric infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR), Raman spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (PY-GC/MS), in which the releasement of inert gas in gas-phase and the catalytic carbonation in condensed phase jointly taking effect.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2013
·
IF 2.468
Chengguo Liu,Wen Lei,Zhengchun Cai,Jianqiang Chen,Lihong Hu,Yan Dai,Yonghong Zhou
Unsaturated polyester resin terminated with dicyclopentadiene (DCPD-UPR) was modified by tung oil (TO) via intermolecular Diels–Alder reaction occurring at the later stage of melt polycondensation. These TO-modified DCPD-UPR (DCPD-UPR-TO) polymers were characterized by FT-IR, 1 H NMR, and gel permeation chromatography. The DCPD-UPR-TO polymers were further blended with styrene comonomer and cured via free-radical polymerization to give crosslinked thermosetting polymers. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to produce surface morphology and dynamic mechanical analysis was conducted to study the thermo-mechanical properties. Thermal and mechanical properties of these biomaterials were also investigated and the results show that toughness of them increases obviously as the increase of TO content. Compared with the neat DCPD-UPR matrix, the matrix obtained from DCPD-UPR-TO with a TO content of 20% has maximum increase of 373% and 875% in impact strength and tensile failure strain due to the synergistic effects of phase separation and crosslink density. However, the optimum amount of tung oil is 10% because its polymer matrix gives a best stiffness–toughness balance. These oil-based polymer materials show promise as an alternative to replace petroleum-based materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
·
IF 4.7
Junyan Wu,Liuyi Cai,Xiaoxi Chen,Diandian Shi,Yiguo He,Ben Yang,Yadong Zhang,Dianyu Wang
Recycling of plastics is an effective solution to address solid waste pollution. Developing environmentally friendly pathways and more efficient product recycling solutions is crucial. Here, we proposed a method for the full process of upcycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) glycolysis products into unsaturated polyester resin (UPR). Specifically, the PET glycolysis employed tetrabutyl titanate (TBT) as a catalyst and with a low catalyst dosage (0.25 wt %), achieving a 97.3% PET conversion at 190 °C for 2.5 h. The generated monomers and oligomers, together with excess alcoholysis agents, were used as raw materials for preparing UPR without purification. Furthermore, by adjustment of the formulation of UPR, its viscosity, gel time, exothermic peak, and mechanical properties were regulated. The final product exhibited a tensile strength of 41.5 MPa and a Young’s modulus of 17.1 GPa as well as satisfactory acid–base resistance. Moreover, techno-economic analysis confirmed that the upgraded PET recycling strategy demonstrated certain economic benefits and industrial application prospects.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER COMPOSITES
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Ran Li,Lifei Feng,Wenbin Yang,Huiping Lin,Yiqiang Wu
This study develops a functionalization strategy for incorporating cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) into unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) to simultaneously enhance its strength and toughness. Surface modification of CNCs was achieved through sequential reactions with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), introducing carbon double bonds(CC) to obtain modified CNC (m-CNC). The m-CNC was subsequently compounded with UPR to fabricate composite materials. A comprehensive investigation of the composites' morphological features, mechanical performance, and thermal behavior was conducted through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), mechanical testing, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Experimental results demonstrate that 0.3 wt% m-CNC incorporation markedly improves UPR's mechanical properties, with the composite exhibiting 23.55% higher tensile strength, 59.01% increased flexural strength, and 96.16% enhanced impact resistance compared to unmodified UPR. DMA characterization revealed that covalent cross-linking between m-CNC and the UPR matrix restricts polymer chain mobility, resulting in a 35.4% elevation in storage modulus. TGA data confirmed the heat resistance improvement, showing 12.8°C and 9.3°C increases in thermal decomposition temperatures for m-CNC/UPR composites relative to pure UPR and unmodified CNCs/UPR systems, respectively. This synergistic modification approach effectively balances structural integrity preservation of CNCs with significant enhancement of UPR's multifunctional performance, demonstrating potential applications in automotive, construction, new energy, and eco-friendly packaging industries. It emerges as a promising alternative to conventional composite materials.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 9
·2031
·
IF 3.426
Nidhin Divakaran,Manoj B. Kale,Duraisami Dhamodharan,Suhail Mubarak,Lixin Wu,Jianlei Wang
Montmorillonite (MMT) displays excellent cohesion with an unsaturated polyester (UP) matrix to generate a material which exhibits an extensive range of commercial applications. The organic modification of MMT using polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) and the effect of POSS-MMT on the thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties of UP are reported here. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were used to characterize the modification of MMT using POSS. Modified MMT (POSS-MMT) was incorporated, at different wt.% (0.5, 1, 3, 5), into UP via in-situ polymerization. The presence of POSS-MMT enhanced the characteristic properties of UP as a consequence of good dispersion in the polymer matrix. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images support effective POSS-MMT dispersion leading to tensile strength enhancement of a UP/POSS-MMT nanocomposite (3 wt.% POSS-MMT) by 54.7% as compared to that for unmodified UP. TGA displays a 35 °C improvement of thermal stability (10% mass loss) at 5% POSS-MMT incorporation, while the electrical conductivity is improved by 108S/m (3 wt.% POSS-MMT) in comparison to that for unmodified UP. The conventional obstacle of UP associated with shrinkage weight loss during curing seems to be moderated with POSS-MMT incorporation (3%) resulting in a 27.8% reduction in shrinkage weight loss. These fabricated nanocomposites expand the versatility of UP as a high-performance material owing to enhancements of properties.Keywords:montmorillonite;aminopropyl isobutyl POSS;unsaturated polyester;mechanical properties;electrical conductivity;shrinkage weight loss
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 7.094
Baolong Wang,Xinyu Wang,Ningdi Xu,Yibo Shen,Fei Lu,Yingying Liu,Yudong Huang,Zhen Hu
Unsaturated polyester resins (UPRs) composites have many industrial applications, such as fan blades in wind energy. However, the stable cross-linked polymer networks of resin matrix lead to large numbers of composite wastes that are difficult to recycle. Developing an efficient approach to explore the recovery of high-value fiber from composites is thus imperative. In this paper, an efficient and mild hydrolysis-oxidation synergistic catalytic strategy was proposed to efficiently recycle carbon fibers from UPRs composites by selectively cleaving chemical bonds of UPRs. Ester bonds in UPRs were cleaved by using hydrolysis of 80% hydrazine hydrate along with NaOH. Afterwards, the cleavage of carbon-carbon bonds was accomplished via the Fenton reaction for the purpose of complete degrading UPRs. The result figured that UPRs could be efficiently degraded at 100 °C below via this hydrolysis-oxidation strategy. Interestingly, applying the strategy, the recovery of carbon fibers from UPRs composites was investigated. The reclaimed carbon fibers kept their original surface microscopic morphology , chemical structure and tensile strength almost close to the virgin carbon fibers. This strategy opens up a new way for efficient and mild degradation of thermosets .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials
·
2022
·
IF 2.439
Zicheng Jiang,Su Ma,Gang Zhang,Dongdong Song,Yanlin Wang,Fujing Lao
A chitosan-based flame retardant with a caged structure, chitosan maleic acid mono (1-thio-phosa-4-hydroxymethyl-2,6,7-trioxa-bicyclic [2.2.2] octan-4-methylene) ester salt (CS-MA-SPEPA), was synthesized and characterized. Cone calorimeter (CC) results indicated that the introduction of CS-MA-SPEPA into an unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) matrix could effectively reduce the HRR, TRR, and SPR. More importantly, the incorporation of CS-MA-SPEPA suppressed the release of toxic gases (CO) from the UPR matrix. The char residues results implied that the combination of CS-MA-SPEPA into UPR increased the degree of graphitization of the matrix and made char residues intumescent and tight, which could efficiently block the exchange of oxygen and heat.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2017
·Vol. 134
·期 35
·45251
·
IF 1.86
Shan Wu,Lei Wang,Lixin Wu,Zixiang Weng,Yu Zhou
Although organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) has been incorporated into unsaturated polyester (UP) resin to enhance properties, the aggregation often leads to defects which directly affect the properties of nanocomposites. In this work, OMMT slurry modified by a new allyl surfactant with carbon–carbon double bond, hexadecyl allyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (C 16 -DMAAC), was employed to prepare nanocomposites by in situ polymerization. The results illustrated that the existence of OMMT slurry helped monomers enter the OMMT galleries, leading to well-dispersed OMMT in the UP matrix. The mechanical properties and thermal properties of OMMT nanocomposites were improved. With OMMT loading of 5 wt %, the tensile strength and flexural strength can be improved by 22% and 38%, respectively. Meanwhile, the onset thermal decomposition temperature ( T –10 ) value was ameliorated from 310.6 °C to 330.6 °C. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134 , 45251.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2014
·
IF 2.302
Jinyue Dai,Songqi Ma,Xiaoqing Liu,Lijing Han,Yonggang Wu,Xinyan Dai,Jin Zhu
In this paper, three bio-based unsaturated polyesters were synthesized from itaconic acid and different diols which could be derived from renewable resources. Their chemical structures were confirmed by FT-IR, 1 H NMR and acid value as well as hydroxyl value. Waterborne UV curable networks based on these polyesters were manufactured and their mechanical properties, thermal stability and coating properties including pencil hardness, flexibility, adhesion, water resistance and solvent resistance were investigated. Results showed that the UV-cured polyester coatings exhibited high hardness, good water resistance and solvent resistance. The coatings reported in this paper combined the merits of bio-based materials, UV-curing process and water distribution.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）