CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 8
Aofei Guo,Youqian Geng,Haowei Ma,Danying Gao,Hu Feng,Yunrui Zhang,Fangping Hao,Zhenyun Yu,Zhihui Sun
The low water-to-cement ratio cement-based materials represented by high-performance or ultra-high-performance concrete exhibit excellent mechanical and durability properties but suffer from poor flowability and insufficient and nonuniform hydration. Polyethylene glycol-grafted cellulose nanocrystal (PCNC) was synthesized by grafting polyethylene glycol (PEG) onto cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and then was incorporated into cement paste to improve its flowability and hydration performance. A series of tests were conducted to analyze the flowability, compressive strength, and hydration behavior of cement paste with PCNC, with the hydration mechanism revealed. The results show that PCNC promotes more complete and uniform cement hydration through mechanisms including short-circuit diffusion, nucleation, and steric hindrance, resulting in improved flowability and compressive strength compared to pure and CNC-modified cement paste. The optimal PCNC dosage is 0.1 %, where the flowability and 28-day compressive strength increased by 10.73 % and 30.63 %, respectively. Finally, a mechanism model by which PCNC improves cement hydration was proposed.
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LAB ON A CHIP
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2026
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IF 5.4
Yahui Du,Wenjiao Wu,Yuexiu Chen,Lihang Zhu,Shuhao Ma,Fengjiang Zhang,Xuejin Li
During their 120-day circulatory lifespan, red blood cells (RBCs) undergo repeated mechanical deformation as they traverse microcapillaries and splenic inter-endothelial slits (IES). This cyclic mechanical loading gradually impairs RBC deformability, ultimately leading to their clearance by the spleen. However, current platforms for investigating RBC fatigue often couple mechanical loading with real-time observation, which obscures the cumulative impact of cyclic strain. To address this limitation, we developed an integrated microfluidic chip equipped with a dedicated "S"-shaped fatigue zone-each RBC experiences hundreds of extrusion events during a single continuous pass through this zone-followed by a physically decoupled observation zone. This design enables clear separation of fatigue induction from biomechanical evaluation. Our findings show that cyclic extrusion drives a progressive morphological transition in the RBC population from discocytes to echinocytes and spherocytes, along with reduced cell volume and surface area, increased membrane shear modulus, and elevated sphericity. Combined experiments and simulations reveal that the passage of spherocytes depends not only on their deformability but also critically on the relative size of the cells versus the channel dimensions. Furthermore, simulations of splenic filtration identify the sphericity index-not membrane stiffness-as the primary geometric factor governing RBC retention in IES. This work presents a high-throughput, label-free platform that disentangles RBC fatigue induction from post-fatigue analysis. It provides mechanistic insights into how repetitive mechanical stress regulates RBC aging and clearance, offering a valuable tool for advancing our understanding of RBC physiology in health and disease.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2026
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IF 7.5
Yang Li,Yaling Zeng,Zhendong Ouyang,Yunxiao Wen,Jian Yang,Ximei Fan
The complete mineralization of aromatic VOCs via photocatalysis remains a grand challenge, limited by severe photogenerated carrier recombination and the easy formation of toxic refractory phenolic intermediates. Here, we demonstrate a solvent-mediated crystal facet engineering strategy to construct a Bi 2 WO 6 -BiOCl S-scheme heterojunction with oriented exposure of high-activity facets and abundant surface hydroxyl sites. The facet-tailored heterojunction achieves efficient spatial separation of photogenerated carriers via a strong built-in electric field, while retaining the strong redox capacity to generate abundant reactive oxygen species. The optimal catalyst delivers over 95% gaseous toluene removal and 94.9% mineralization efficiency within 1 h irradiation, with 99.7% of removed toluene converted to CO 2 , exceeding the aqueous-synthesized control, pure-phase counterparts, and most reported bismuth-based photocatalysts. In-situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy combined with theoretical calculations reveals that facet-induced surface hydroxyl sites act as specific adsorption and activation centers for toluene molecules, steering the degradation toward a benign benzyl alcohol-benzaldehyde-benzoic acid pathway and inhibiting the generation of toxic phenolic byproducts. This work clarifies the critical role of crystal facet engineering in coordinating heterojunction charge transfer and surface reaction pathway modulation, providing a new avenue for designing high-performance photocatalysts for the complete mineralization of aromatic VOCs.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2026
·Vol. 37
·期 23
·1820
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IF 3.2
Liu Yuhao,Zhang Junjie,Liu Hongli,Cai Yani,Chu Peng,Guo Lei,Ma Yongshuai,Yan Jifeng,Guo Xiang,Zhao Weixu
Microwave absorption materials play a vital role in electromagnetic compatibility applications, where electromagnetic coupling between dielectric and magnetic components is crucial. However, in most reported systems, the magnetic loss capability is generally weaker than dielectric loss. To address this issue and achieve ultra-high loading of magnetic particles, concave SiC fibers were designed and fabricated via electrospinning, providing abundant active sites and enhanced surface curvature for effective deposition of magnetic components.Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles were in situ grown on SiC fibers via a hydrothermal method to prepare lightweight Fe 3 O 4 /SiC composite fiber microwave absorbers. Systematic investigations reveal that an appropriate Fe 3 O 4 loading uniformly covers the fiber surface, forming abundant heterointerfaces and enhancing dielectric and magnetic loss.Query A high Fe 3 O 4 loading of up to 90 wt% was successfully achieved in the composite system.The Fe 3 O 4 -1:2 sample achieves a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of−40.62 dB at 6.95 GHz with a 4.0 mm thickness, effectively absorbing over 99.99% of incident electromagnetic waves and exhibiting a wide absorption bandwidth. These results indicate that the synergistic dielectric–magnetic loss and multi-interface polarization mechanisms significantly improve electromagnetic wave absorption, providing a promising strategy for designing lightweight, high-performance ceramic-based absorbers.
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ACS Sensors
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2026
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IF 10.9
Yang Ting,Jiao Yang,Ma Yali,Lang Dajun,Cheng Liang,Wang Tingting,Ma Lin
Accurately resolving trace acetone against the highly humid background of exhaled breath remains a central obstacle to non-invasive diabetes diagnosis. Here we develop a metal–organic framework (MOF)-conversion-induced prenucleation strategy for the controlled construction of Fe 2 TiO 5–δ (FTO) solid solutions. During the topological transformation of MIL-125(Ti), Ti-derived oxide nuclei form within the pores of a daughter Fe-based MOF, enabling the generation of FTO enriched with mixed-valence Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ and Ti 4+ /Ti 3+ centres and abundant oxygen vacancies. The optimized FTO-3.49 sensor selectively detects acetone across 30–90% relative humidity, reaches a detection limit of 100 ppb and distinguishes ppb-level acetone concentrations in simulated exhaled breath. This performance is underpinned by mixed-valence centres that limit water-induced hydroxyl accumulation and oxygen vacancies that create additional adsorption sites and strengthen acetone binding, as supported by spectroscopic and computational evidence. This defect–valence synergy enables stable acetone sensing under highly humid conditions and provides a materials-design route towards humidity-resilient metal-oxide sensors for breath-acetone analysis.
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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
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2026
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IF 2.5
Kaijian Li,Yuqi Su,Maogang He,Ying Zhang
Reliable diffusion data for alcohol–alkane mixtures are still limited, particularly for systems exhibiting strong non-ideal behavior. In this work, mutual diffusion coefficients for ethanol + n-hexane and n-butanol + n-hexane were measured over the entire composition range at 298.15–308.15 K using digital holographic interferometry. The relative standard uncertainty associated with the optical measurement subsystem was estimated to be 0.0118. After propagation of the identified instrumental uncertainty sources, including temperature control, phase-parameter determination, composition preparation, and material purity, the instrumental relative standard uncertainty of the diffusion coefficients was evaluated to be 0.0121, corresponding to an expanded uncertainty of approximately 2.42% (k = 2). Considering the additional variability among independent experimental realizations, the overall expanded relative uncertainty was estimated to be approximately 4.8% (k = 2). For both systems, the mutual diffusion coefficient shows a pronounced U-shaped dependence on composition, with a minimum at intermediate alcohol mass fractions. In the limit of ω 1 → 0, the mutual diffusion coefficient approaches the tracer diffusion coefficient of alcohol in n-hexane, corresponding to diffusion under infinite dilution conditions. The observed behavior reflects strong non-ideal interactions, primarily associated with hydrogen bonding and composition-dependent molecular interactions. Compared with ethanol, the n-butanol + n-hexane system exhibits stronger non-ideality, consistent with the longer alkyl chain of n-butanol. The experimental data were evaluated using the Darken, Vignes, and UNIDIF models. Among them, the UNIDIF model provided the best overall agreement, although deviations remain significant over the full composition range. For ethanol + n-hexane at 298.15 K, the present results show good agreement with available literature data in terms of the overall composition-dependent trend, supporting the reliability of the measurement methodology. The new diffusion data reported here extend the available database for alcohol–alkane systems and provide a consistent basis for improving transport modeling.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2026
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IF 5.4
Minghong Dai,Yafang Chen,Peng Wang,Dianming Chu,Zhaoying Li,Wenjuan Bai,Yan He
Coalescence induced by the dynamic evolution of catalysts under catalytic environments has long been a challenge in the growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Herein, this study reports a catalyst "hijacking" strategy, which leverages the time-dependent difference during the crystalline-to-amorphous transformation of catalysts to activate the catalytic activity of small-sized crystalline nanoparticles, preventing their coarsening via Ostwald ripening. Simultaneously, the retained nanoparticles exhibit higher density and optimized electronic structures, extending the catalytic lifetime. The successful synthesis of the catalyst relies on the efficient utilization of Mo in open cavities, where the isolated open cavities restrict excessive coalescence of the active components, and the doping of Mo atoms induces the transformation of the active components from amorphous to crystalline. In this structure, the semi-confined space, surface negative charge, and affinity to solvents facilitate the formation of small-sized NPs by isolating and dispersing metal ions. Meanwhile, Fe-Mo bonds significantly prolong the length of CNTs. The combination of Fe and Mo promotes gradual crystallization of NPs, suppresses excessive coalescence of the active components, and optimizes the adsorption energy of C 3 H 6 , thereby extending the catalyst lifetime. Additionally, the bonding between Mo and C atoms favors bulk diffusion of C within Fe NPs, avoiding excessive C deposition inside the NPs and enhancing structural stability. As a result, the CNTs grown with this catalyst exhibit a small tube diameter as low as 5.68 nm and a high ratio (M product /M catalyst ≈14), demonstrating promising application prospects. Download: Download high-res image (212KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Small
·
2026
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IF 11.8
Junlin Liu,Shujuan Tan,Tong Xu,Xin Yan,Tianyu Chen,Jing Zheng,Guangbin Ji
In response to a rapidly changing background environment, carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based infrared electrochromic materials have emerged as a research focus due to their fast response kinetics and high flexibility. Nevertheless, the microscopic mechanism governing the relationship between infrared emissivity and applied bias voltage remains vague. In this work, a defect-engineering strategy is employed to fabricate sulfur/nitrogen co-doped CNTs (SNCNT) films as a model system for mechanism investigation. It is revealed that the core process lies in ion enrichment-mediated charge transfer, regulating macroscopic conductivity. Specifically, accumulated ions can dynamically reconstruct the film architecture, facilitating ion–electron interactions within an electrical double-layer capacitive framework. This process presents an asymmetric operation mechanism that anions induce hole doping, while cations promote electron doping. First-principles calculations further correlate ion-specific modulation with orbital energy depth and π-conjugation degree. By integrating these insights, a multi-dimension qualitative model is proposed to correlate infrared emissivity with interfacial contact resistance, charge-transfer dynamics, and atomic-scale structure. The optimized SNCNT film system demonstrates an infrared modulation width of Δε = 0.601, accompanied by notable bia-removal memory behavior (Δε/Δ t = −0.0018 s −1 ), underscoring its potential in infrared camouflage, information encryption, and electromagnetic shielding.
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Advanced Science
·
2026
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IF 14.1
Runmiao Gao,Xuan Zhang,Mengjie Song,Ronggui Yang,Keke Shao,Jun Shen,Long Zhang,Shuhuai Yao,Yubing Guo,Ruzhu Wang,Christopher Yu Hang Chao
Droplet-based 3D printing can fabricate complex structures, but quantitative regulation over droplet solidification and the mechanical performance of printed components remains essential for its load-bearing and multi-functional applications. Leveraging the intrinsic transparency of ice, we innovatively propose a nanoparticle-mediated strategy to suppress trapped air bubbles during water droplet solidification and thereby reinforce the mechanical performance of printed components. We develop a unified influencing factor to integrate the effects of nanoparticle concentration, diameter, and type on droplet nucleation and freezing characteristics. We uncover that the addition of nanoparticles raises nucleation temperature, refines ice dendrites, reduces freezing rate, and ultimately diminishes trapped air bubbles. These effects enable mechanical reinforcement of components and quantitative regulation of their compressive strength. The bubble volume fraction is reduced by ∼35% while the compressive strength is increased by up to 39%, exceeding the reported average values by more than two times. The low-cost strategy requires no external physical fields and introduces negligible changes to the hydrodynamic properties of raw printing materials. These findings elucidate the physical mechanisms governing nanoparticle-mediated bubble suppression during droplet solidification and further provide a viable pathway for the controllable fabrication of high-performance composite printing materials.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 30
·13689-13698
·
IF 7.6
Xu Yanling,Zhou Yue-Wen,Cai Zhen-Feng,Liu Qinlei
Imines are valuable intermediates and building blocks in fine chemicals and pharmaceutical synthesis. Oxidative coupling of amines represents an attractive route to imine formation. However, conventional methods rely on metal catalysts, external oxidants, or thermal and photochemical activation, involving multistep processes, harsh conditions, and environmental concerns. Here, we report that amines undergo oxidative coupling to imines within aqueous microdroplets at room temperature, without any catalyst or oxidant. The molecular structures of products were confirmed by mass spectrometry, UV–vis spectroscopy, and 1 H NMR analysis. Substrate scope studies revealed that the microdroplet system enables both self-coupling and cross-coupling of amines, highlighting its broad generality. Radical trapping experiments and density functional theory calculations suggest reactive oxygen species, including hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide, are likely involved in the oxidative process occurring at the microdroplet interface. This work introduces a simple, rapid, and environmentally benign strategy for imine synthesis and underscores the unique potential of microdroplet chemistry in advancing green oxidative coupling reactions.
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CARBON
·
2026
·
IF 12.7
Hanjun Wei,Zhiyong Chen,Yuxiang Lai,Siyu Chen,Lianyang Chen,Jimei Xue,Zhijun Wang,Ying Li
The rapid development of artificial intelligence and next-generation high-frequency communication technologies has increased the demand for electromagnetic (EM) wave-absorbing materials capable of operating under complex environments while maintaining multiple functionalities. In this work, hierarchically porous carbon was prepared using Ganoderma as a natural precursor through carbonization, activation, and heat treatment. The obtained carbon framework inherits the intrinsic biological channels of the Ganoderma scaffold, forming an interconnected porous structure composed of longitudinal macropores and abundant meso/micropores. The optimized GA-800 (heat-treated at 800 °C) sample exhibits efficient microwave absorption performance at a filler loading of 20 wt%, with a minimum reflection loss (RL min ) of −39.6 dB at a thickness of 1.55 mm and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 5.7 GHz at 1.50 mm. Radar cross-section (RCS) simulations further demonstrate significant scattering suppression. In addition to microwave attenuation, the hierarchically porous carbon also displays hydrophobic behavior (contact angle of 127.5°), thermal insulation capability, and a stable photothermal response. These multifunctional properties originate from the biologically inherited hierarchical porous architecture, which simultaneously regulates EM wave propagation, thermal transport, and surface hydrophobic behavior. This study demonstrates that natural biomass structures can serve as effective templates for constructing lightweight multifunctional EM materials. Download: Download high-res image (346KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 29.1
Lvtong Duan,Jinkai Jia,Junchen Liu,Yijie Liu,Weimeng Chu,Jintang Zhou,Jiaqi Tao,Yi Yan,Weize Wang,Zhenyu Cheng,Yucheng Wang,Wenjian Zheng,Haiyan Zhuang,Tianjing Huang,Zhengjun Yao
The rapid growth of electronic devices has intensified electromagnetic wave pollution. Electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA) materials provide a green solution by converting electromagnetic energy into thermal energy. Achieving high-performance EWA requires a fine balance between impedance matching and energy dissipation, demanding precise control of microstructure, interfaces, and electronic states of the materials. However, complex multiscale structures involve strongly coupled structural evolution, which reduces controllability and hinders clear structure–performance correlation. Here, a cobalt-based metal–organic framework (Co-MOF) is employed as the precursor. By regulating the contents of Ni 2 + and Fe 3 + , the structural evolution and the modulation of localized electronic states during the etching process are systematically elucidated. In addition, the in situ competitive coordination and etching-competitive coordination systems reveal the mechanistic differences between atomic-scale induced reconstruction and directional destructive reconstruction. Benefiting from synergistic regulation spanning atomic, nanoscale, and microscale levels, the obtained FeNi/C composite achieves an effective absorption bandwidth of 7.13 GHz at an ultrathin thickness of 1.97 mm. Combining DFT, COMSOL, and CST simulations, the role of etching engineering in enhancing EWA performance is elucidated from electronic, local-field, and macroscopic perspectives, providing a theoretical basis for its controllable application and the rational design of high-performance absorbers.
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