JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 6.7
Yehua Yang,Jiaqi Li,Xuejin Li,Qichang Huang,Weiwei Jiang,Wei Zhang,Yuqian Jiang,Yao Tang
Phyllanthus emblica L. is a fruit with high medicinal and edible value. Its main bioactive component, gallic acid (GA), is significantly increased by hot air drying, yet the underlying chemical mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the temperature-dependent transformation of phenolics during drying (80–130 °C) using UHPLC-MS/MS and Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS). High-temperature drying (110 to 130 °C) increases the GA content by 13.4–26.9 fold. Integrated metabolomic analysis suggests this accumulation results primarily from two nonenzymatic pathways: the thermal hydrolysis of glucose galloyl derivatives (e.g., glucogallin, digalloylglucose, and trigalloylglucose), and the degradation of glucuronic acid galloyl derivatives (e.g., 2-O-galloylgalactaric acid and monogalloylgalactonolactone). While temperatures >110 °C maximize gallic acid yield, the Maillard reaction products (e.g., 5-HMF) were also promoted. These findings elucidate the chemical mechanism of GA accumulation via ester bond cleavage, providing a scientific basis for optimizing drying protocols to balance medicinal quality and safety.
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Science Advances
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2026
·Vol. 12
·期 9
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IF 13.9
Jiaxin Guo,Kan Li,Jianxing Liang,Diwen Ying,Xiaoqian Song,Yi He,Jinping Jia
At present, the traditional anthraquinone method is the main method for producing high-quality and high-concentration H 2 O 2 , but it involves the use of H 2 , resulting in high carbon emissions and certain risks. The double-electron oxygen reduction reaction has become a more environmentally friendly alternative method for producing H 2 O 2 . However, at high overpotentials, the production and conversion rates of H 2 O 2 are still limited. Here, we report an electrochemical method that can convert H 2 O and formaldehyde into high-concentration H 2 O 2 and high-value formate salts with high product purity under environmental conditions. At a current density of 30 milliamperes per square centimeter, continuous operation for 5 hours can produce 6.522% (m/v) H 2 O 2 , and the product does not contain acid, alkali, or excessive impurities. Faraday efficiency reaches 83%. The chronopotentiometry method shows stable current performance of the electrode after 360 hours of operation. This low-carbon, safe, and sustainable approach provides a promising alternative to traditional H 2 O 2 production.
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Advanced Science
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2026
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IF 14.1
Haiyan Xiao,Jia-Fu Yin,Linjie Lan,Wei Liu-Fu,Panchao Yin
The polymeric organic glass suffers from the intrinsic tradeoffs among mechanical strengths, hardness, and impact resistance from their chain topologies, limiting their extensive applications. Herein, a polymer-free approach is developed for the fabrication of glass by crosslinking sub-nm particle using dynamic covalent bonds. The sub-nm polysilsesquioxane (POSS) particle is crosslinked by the dynamic boronic ester bonds when 1,4-phenylenediboronic acid is doped. The high crosslink density with homogeneous distribution of POSS endows the fabricated films with high elastic modulus (1.79 ± 0.43 GPa), hardness (0.36 ± 0.03 GPa), and transparency (>89.5% transmittance). The dynamic feature of the network enables excellent impact resistance beyond typical polymers by showing highenergy dissipation capacity (258.14 J cm −3 ). The dynamic network also grants feasible processability that films with thickness as 1.3 µm can be fabricated through simple hot press. Moreover, due to the enriched B─O bonds and hydroxyl groups, high adhesive strengths as 8.20 ± 0.98 MPa for single lap shear strength on typical glass substrate can be achieved. This study provides new chemical systems to the design of glass with the capability to achieve balanced comprehensive performance in hardness, adhesiveness, (re)processability, and impact resistance besides its inherent high mechanical strength and transparency.
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JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
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2026
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IF 3.1
Shijie Du,Shujing Yan,Muyasaer Aisana,Huan Xu,Hanjing Xue,Chunhong Zhong,Xiaoli Gao,Chunli Chen
20α-Hydroxyprogesterone (20α-DHP) is an endogenous progestogenic metabolite of progesterone, biosynthesized primarily through the catalytic action of 20α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20α-HSD). To screen for highly active 20α-HSDs, five enzymes derived from phylogenetically diverse species—human, orangutan, mouse, bovine, and porcine—were systematically evaluated using multiple sequence alignment, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. The corresponding genes were subsequently expressed heterologously in E. coli BL21(DE3), and activity screening identified the human-derived 20α-HSD as the superior candidate. Enzymatic characterization revealed maximal activity at pH 8.0 and 35°C, negligible sensitivity to metal ions, and high substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency. Expression conditions were further optimized, with 0.2 mM IPTG at 20°C for 20 h established as the optimal induction parameters. Systematic optimization of reaction parameters—including organic solvent types and optimal concentration of the organic solvent, catalytic time, NADPH concentration, and recombinase concentration —achieved a progesterone conversion rate of 66.75%. To minimize cofactor consumption and enhance process economics, a glucose dehydrogenase-mediated NADPH in situ regeneration system was constructed, sustaining a conversion rate of 64.62%. Scale-up to a 100 mL preparative reaction yielded a conversion rate of 60.83%. Following column chromatography purification, 20α-DHP was isolated in 45.36% yield with 95% purity, as confirmed by HPLC and ¹H NMR analyses. In summary, this study achieved the successful heterologous expression of 20α-HSD in E. coli and established an efficient, green, and highly selective biosynthetic route for 20α-DHP, providing a viable technical foundation for its potential industrial-scale production.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 10.4
Huifang Yang,Tong Li,Wenhao Yang,Yunyue Shan,Shanbai Xiong,Yueqi An
This study elucidated enzymatic pathways driving fishy odor intensification in chilled grass carp fillets. Lipoxygenase (LOX), hydroperoxide lyase-LOX (HPL-LOX), and phospholipase (PLA) inhibitors reduced fishy odorants by 67.31%, 91.89%, and 58.23%, respectively, while lipase (LPS) inhibition showed no effect. Substrate-enzyme simulation systems [lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) with PLA, LOX, HPL, LOX-PLA, LOX-HPL, or LOX-PLA-HPL] revealed pathways via kinetic analysis. LOX directly oxidized LPC to LPC-hydroperoxide (LPCOOH), which was cleaved by LOX-HPL to odorants (k = 0.765). In the presence of PLA, hydrolysis of LPC released free fatty acids (FFAs); LOX then catalyzed FFA and LPC oxidation to fatty acid hydroperoxides (ROOH) and LPCOOH, generating odorants via LOX-HPL cleavage (k = 1.056). LOX exhibited higher affinity for FFAs versus LPC, while HPL favored ROOH over LPCOOH. These results identify LOX-PLA-HPL synergy as the core mechanism for fishy odor generation, providing a theoretical foundation for targeted enzyme inhibition in aquatic product preservation.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 6.7
Chi Lei,Qixiu Weng,Ping Song,Yingchun Zhu,Liangzhi Li,Lingzhao Kong,Lishi Yan
β-Glucosidase (BGL) is limited by the catalytic efficiency and environmental tolerance in the biomass biorefinery process. In this study, maleimide and its derivatives were used to modify BGL. FT-IR, circular dichroism, ζ-potential, ultraviolet, and fluorescence were used to characterize the conformational alteration of the thiol-modified enzyme and induced the enhancement of rigidity and substrate affinity. Molecular docking revealed that the modified BGL, especially Moc-Mal-BGL, had lower binding energy (−6.8 kcal mol–1) and shorter average hydrogen bond length (2.018 Å) with the substrate. The activity of Moc-Mal-BGL increased by 110.6% compared with native BGL and realized a 2.6-fold increase in catalytic efficiency kcat/Km (13.92 s–1/mM). The corresponding cellobiose conversion rate increased by 19.0%. Thermal stability, storage stability, solvent (GVL and DMSO) tolerance, and glucose tolerance of Moc-Mal-BGL were significantly improved. This work provides a rapid strategy to improve the catalytic efficiency and environmental tolerance of BGL and investigates the mechanism in depth.
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ACS Catalysis
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2026
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IF 13.6
Lecheng Liang,Shao Ye,Hengyu Li,Peng Li,Kaiyang Xu,Jinhui Liang,Binwen Zeng,Bo Shen,Taisuke Ozaki,Zhiming Cui
The exploration of advanced CO-free catalysts and clarifying the ambiguous kinetic origins and governing factors would undoubtedly open up opportunities to overcome the sluggish kinetics of methanol electro-oxidation and promote the development of direct methanol fuel cells. Herein, we constructed a family of Bi-modified Pt3M intermetallic catalysts (Bi–Pt3M/C) that follow a CO-free dominated pathway. More significantly, we have identified the pivotal factor governing the reaction kinetics in the CO-free pathway, namely, OH binding energy (OHBE). This is because the rate-determining step (RDS) involves both C–H bond activation and water dissociation, and the energy barriers of these processes are effectively captured by OHBE. Accordingly, OHBE can act as an activity descriptor. Specifically, Bi–Pt3In/C stands out from other Bi–Pt3M/C and delivers the mass activity of 36.7 A mgPt–1 at peak potential, far exceeding state-of-the-art Pt-based catalysts reported to date. Taking Bi–Pt3In/C as a proof of concept, we elucidate the origin of enhanced MOR activity by combining theoretical calculations, kinetic isotope effects, and formaldehyde electrooxidation. Moreover, there exhibits a volcano-type trend between OHBE and the activity of Bi–Pt3M/C. Beyond the discovery of ultrahigh-performance catalysts, these findings provide a detailed mechanistic picture of RDS and offer an innovative design principle for advanced catalysts.
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Food Bioscience
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2026
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IF 6.2
Hui Ouyang,Jiaying Huo,Xiaojuan Xin,Ying Gao,Ping Wang,Xiongwei Yu,Shugang Li
The transport and absorption of antioxidant peptides are critical for their biological activity. The walnut meal-derived peptide YWSPNDEQFR (YR-10) has been shown to alleviate oxidative stress–induced liver injury, but its absorption mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we employed a Caco-2 monolayer, DPPC liposomes, and molecular docking to characterize the transepithelial transport of YR-10 across the intestinal epithelium. YR-10 was absorbed through clathrin-mediated endocytosis and paracellular pathway, with significantly promotes the restoration of ZO-1 and closure protein gene expression, indicating its ability to restore the integrity of the epithelial barrier. Further research revealed that YR-10 binding to lipid bilayers was predominantly entropy-driven, involving electrostatic, hydrogen-bonding, and hydrophobic interactions that regulated membrane fluidity and order. These findings collectively elucidate the intestinal absorption mechanism of YR-10 and provide a theoretical basis for improving the bioavailability of walnut powder-derived bioactive peptides in functional food applications.
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JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
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2026
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IF 6.8
Yating Zhang,Jiayi Chen,Shaoying He,Qiuping Tan,Weihong Chi,Leqian Wang,Lexin Ling,Lingyang Fan,Hui Fan
Ethnopharmacological relevance Bupleurum chinense DC. ( Radix Bupleuri , Chaihu) has traditionally been applied to “soothe the liver and relieve depression.” Contemporary pharmacological evidence indicates that Radix Bupleuri (RB) and its active components exhibit anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antidepressant effects. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying its antidepressant activity remain unclear. Aim of the study To evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of RB in mouse models and to determine whether modulation of peripheral inflammatory status is associated with changes in the brain monoamine neurotransmitter system. Materials and Methods A metabolic inflammation mouse model was established to investigate the regulatory effects of RB on hepatic lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) expression and the transcription of genes involved in the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Subsequently, an inflammatory model was established in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) to examine the effects of saikosaponin and other herbal monomers on LBP expression at the transcriptional level. Finally, the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model was used to assess whether RB improves depressive-like behaviors by regulating hepatic LBP and modulating the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby preserving the catalytic activity of monoamine-synthesizing enzymes, including tyrosine hydroxylase, tryptophan hydroxylase 2, DOPA decarboxylase, and dopamine β-hydroxylase. Results RB alleviated lipid metabolic disorders and hepatic inflammatory infiltration in the metabolic inflammation model, downregulated hepatic LBP expression, and suppressed NF-κB pathway activation at the transcriptional level. In vitro, saikosaponin A markedly reduced LBP mRNA expression compared with 15 other herbal monomers. Similarly, RB ameliorated depression-like behaviors in the CUMS model by downregulating hepatic LBP protein and mRNA expression, suppressing NF-κB pathway activation, and mitigating peripheral inflammatory signaling that interferes with the central nervous system. These effects subsequently enhanced monoamine biosynthesis, leading to elevated levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Conclusion RB alleviates depression by regulating hepatic LBP through the liver–brain axis to restore brain monoamine balance, consistent with the traditional Chinese medicine concept of “soothing the liver and relieving depression.”
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2026
·
IF 5.4
Zhikun Li,Zhe Zhao,Xi Zhu,Shumin Lin,Jinyu Wang,Shu-Xuan Liang
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics (FQs) are a class of antibiotic pollutants of global concern for water due to their high chemical stability and low biodegradability, leading to long-term residues. In this study, a novel composite material composed of metal-organic framework (MOF) and covalent organic framework (COF), ZIF-8@TpPa-SO 3 H, was designed for the selective adsorption of quinolones and synthesized using ultrasonic method. The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics and influencing factors of ZIF-8@TpPa-SO 3 H towards three FQs, including enoxacin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, were investigated. Characterized by an abundant pore structure and uniform element distribution, the composite exhibited a specific surface area of 34.25 m²/g and an optimized pore size distribution of 15.72 nm. The adsorption selectivity experiment showed that ZIF-8@TpPa-SO 3 H achieved a removal rate of over 90% for FQs, which was significantly higher than those of other types of antibiotics. The adsorption of FQs on ZIF-8@TpPa-SO 3 H followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and chemisorption was the predominant mechanism. The maximum adsorption capacities for enoxacin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin were 595.4, 566.4, and 568.6 mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding were the main adsorption mechanisms. Density functional theory calculations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis further confirmed that selective adsorption is synergistically enhanced by electrostatic interactions between piperazine and sulfonic acid groups and C-H⋯π interactions of the FQs. Additionally, the composite maintained a removal rate above 85% after 8 adsorption-desorption cycles, demonstrating its good applicability. It also exhibited satisfactory applicability in treating water samples from different sources. This study provides a theoretical and practical foundation for the development of efficient and recyclable FQ adsorbents.
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Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
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2026
·
IF 6.9
Yuhao Wang,Zhenye Zhu,Guanglei Li,Shengmin Chen,Yapeng Yue,Gefeng Li,Zhenghong Yan,Liang Zhou,Rongshu Zhu,Jiaheng Zhang
Background Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their high theoretical energy density. However, their practical deployment is hindered by the polysulfide shuttling effect and sluggish redox kinetics. Methods We demonstrate an ionic liquid (BMIM-BF4)-assisted strategy to synthesize hollow carbon nanospheres anchored with Fe-Co diatomic catalysts (NFB-FeCoNC/HSs). Significant findings Systematic characterization reveals that the dual-metal sites synergistically enhance bidirectional sulfur redox reactions, while the ionic liquid-derived heteroatoms (N, F, B) optimize catalyst porosity and metal loading density. Electrochemical evaluations show the sulfur cathode achieves remarkable cycling stability with 59.28% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 0.2 C. Notably, under high sulfur loading (8.89 mg cm⁻²) and lean electrolyte conditions (E/ S = 5.3 μL mg⁻¹), the battery delivers an exceptional areal capacity of 8.87 mAh cm⁻². Long-term cycling at 1 C exhibits a high initial discharge capacity of 1001.12 mAh g⁻¹ with 415.4 mAh g⁻¹ retained after 1000 cycles, corresponding to a minimal decay rate of 0.58% per cycle. This work establishes a paradigm for designing hierarchical diatomic catalysts to address critical challenges in Li-S systems.
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ANALYST
·
2026
·
IF 3.6
Huiqi Zhu,Ying Chen,Weiqing Yang,Zunxiang Zeng,Yuling Hu,Ji Zhang
The inherently weak Raman signals from molecules with small scattering cross-sections pose a significant challenge for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), a technique that is further limited by its reliance on costly precious metal substrates and exogenous labeling strategies. To address these limitations, this study constructs a Ti3C2–CoFe2O4 heterostructure by anchoring oxidase (OXD)-like CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) on two-dimensional (2D) conductive Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets. The resulting interface forms a Mott–Schottky junction, which facilitates rapid charge transfer and synergistically enhances both catalytic and SERS performance. Structurally, the 2D Ti3C2 framework provides abundant anchoring sites for the uniform dispersion of CoFe2O4 NPs. This effectively prevents particle aggregation and maximizes the exposure of catalytic active sites, thereby enhancing both stability and catalytic activity. Additionally, the Ti3C2–CoFe2O4 heterojunction effectively suppresses the recombination of charge carriers and promotes the separation of photogenerated charges, generating abundant superoxide anion radicals that oxidize 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) for catalytic signal amplification. Therefore, the ingenious combination of nanozymes and SERS technology enables the generation of SERS-active reporters via nanozyme-catalyzed reactions, thus avoiding the need for external labeling modifications. The strategy simultaneously enhances Raman signals through the synergistic effect of photoinduced charge transfer and localized surface plasmon resonance. This Ti3C2–CoFe2O4 heterojunction exhibits integrated OXD-like activity and SERS enhancement, enabling sensitive glutathione (GSH) detection in human serum samples. Through catalytic oxidation of TMB to oxidized TMB, a distinct Raman peak emerges at 1615 cm−1, with its intensity reduction quantitatively correlating with GSH concentration via competitive reactive oxygen species scavenging. Quantitative analysis demonstrates a linear response range of 0.50–200 μmol L−1 and a detection limit of 0.073 μmol L−1, with serum sample recoveries ranging from 94.7%–115%. This study provides a paradigm for designing non-precious metal nanozyme materials with integrated catalytic and SERS capabilities, demonstrating significant potential for practical applications in clinical diagnostics and biosensing.
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