Catalysts
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2026
·Vol. 16
·期 6
·542
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IF 4.5
Yongyue Bai,Mingguan Xie,Huili Yu,Langyou Wen,Hui Yuan,Yongrui Wang,Youhao Xu,Xingtian Shu
An efficient catalyst for the reaction of ethanol–acetaldehyde into 1,3-butadiene (EATB) is prepared through the grafting of zirconia into a zeolite Beta lattice. The grafting is achieved through the dealumination of a zeolite framework by acid treatment followed by zirconia impregnation, leading to the substitution of aluminum in the zeolite framework by zirconia. The catalyst with zirconia grafted into the zeolite framework promotes desirable catalyst properties like high zirconium dispersion, stability, and the close proximity of Lewis acid, Bronsted acid, and medium basic sites. The phase, the coordination of zirconia, the location of the active center and the cooperative synergism were elucidated through various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, N2adsorption, UV–vis spectroscopy, XPS,29Si MAS NMR, NH3-TPD, Py-IR, CO-IR and CO2-TPD. The catalytic results show that a suitable phase and content of zirconia were needed to improve the ethanol–acetaldehyde conversion, butadiene selectivity and catalyst stability. Among the catalysts, m+t-ZrOx-Beta-H2O-9020 (m = monoclinic, t = tetragonal ZrO2phase) achieved the best butadiene selectivity of 82–73% at the conversion of 100–66%, run over 200 h. The results allow us to propose a Lewis acid–medium basic pairing for the Si–O–Zr–O–Si group, where the adjacent Si-OH is the active center for reactions.
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Antioxidants
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 4
·490
·
IF 6.6
Chao Ma,Yu Nie,Donglei Zhang,Lulu Ran,Su Xu,Xun Ran,Junya Huang,Lingshuai Meng
Background: Blueberry anthocyanin such as Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside may help prevent Alzheimer’s disease. We aimed to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside against Aβ1–42-induced apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells as well as the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Cell viability and intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species were detected by MTT, a reactive oxygen species detection kit, and a MitoSOX red mitochondrial superoxide indicator. The mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular calcium ion content, and adenotriphophate (ATP) were identified via a mitochondrial membrane potential detection kit, calcium ion detection kit, and ATP detection kit, and apoptosis was detected via flow cytometry. Transcription of apoptosis-related genes was detected using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and expression of apoptosis-related proteins was identified using Western blot. Results: We found that Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside could downregulate the expression of cytochrome c, caspase 9, caspase 3, and other genes and proteins, which consequently reduced the rate of apoptosis. Additionally, it could upregulate Bcl-2 gene and protein expression, downregulate Bax gene and protein expression, regulate mitochondrial membrane permeability and calcium-release channels, reduce calcium influx into mitochondria, maintain intracellular calcium ion levels, reduce intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species and increase ATP levels, maintain the mitochondrial membrane potential at a normal level, maintain normal mitochondrial functioning, and prevent apoptosis. Discussion: Taken together, Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside showed dose-dependent preventive and therapeutic effects against Aβ1–42-induced apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells. Conclusions: Cyanidin 3-O-glucoside showed a better preventive effect than therapeutic effect against Aβ1–42-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells.
研究领域:
神经生物学
·
药理学
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.3
Shengqiang Zhou,Tianliang Lu,Lipeng Zhou,Xiaomei Yang
Glycerol, as the main byproduct in biodiesel production, is attractive for the synthesis of value-added chemicals with the rapid increase of the biodiesel market in recent years. In this study, we developed a bifunctional Au/Sn-Beta catalyst via a molecule linkage strategy for the one-pot catalytic conversion of glycerol to methyl lactate (MLA) with molecular oxygen as the oxidant. Bifunctional Au/Sn-Beta was constructed using β-mercaptoethylamine as a linkage molecule to anchor negative Au species on the negative surface of Sn-Beta zeolites. β-Mercaptoethylamine with a well-defined structure of head and tail functional groups was anchored on Sn-Beta zeolite through the interaction of amine groups with the framework Sn sites and weakly acidic silanols. Gold species with negative charge were captured by thiol groups of β-mercaptoethylamine anchored on Sn-Beta. Upon calcination, highly dispersed Au nanoparticles (∼2 nm) were confined in the crystal of Sn-Beta zeolite, which was proved by Tomogram-section TEM images. Linkage molecules with different structures were employed. The role of the linkage molecule was revealed by XPS, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. It was observed that electrons were transferred from Au sites to Sn sites, which facilitated the dispersion and stabilization of Au sites. A yield of 79.3% to MLA with 100% of glycerol conversion was achieved over the prepared Au/Sn-Beta at 160 °C for 1.5 h, which was much higher than that over Au/Sn-Beta prepared by the wet impregnation method. The positive charge on Au sites decreased the catalytic oxidation ability of the catalyst. The catalyst showed good catalytic activity and stability in ten batch reaction runs.
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JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2023
·
IF 7.3
Zhiwei He,Qifeng Lei,Weili Dai,Hongbo Zhang
Alkene epoxidation is a very important reaction process for the selective generation of chiral products, usually performed in some solvent(s) with different polarity, solubility and proton properties. These physical properties are entangled and do not explain very well whether they are mainly against population or stability of the reaction intermediates during catalysis. Here, we investigate how different solvents with known polarity properties (CH 3 CN, (CH 3 ) 2 CO, CH 3 OH, etc.) affect the C 6 H 10 transformation over Ti-Beta catalysts. Combining kinetic measurements, thermodynamic investigations and isotope experiments, the solvent was found not to change the reaction path or mechanism, with C 6 H 10 epoxidation most likely following the Eley-Rideal mechanism and C 6 H 10 O hydration following a Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism, and both nucleophile and carbonium were found to be involved in the transition state (c.a. SN 2 process) of hydration. However, in the epoxidation reaction of C 6 H 10 with CH 3 CN and (CH 3 ) 2 CO as solvents, the reaction order of [C 6 H 10 ] is subtly different and the epoxidation rate increases with increasing volumetric fraction of CH 3 CN in the binary mixture, which indicates that the solvent affects the concentration of dissolved C 6 H 10 surrounding the active sites and leads to the corresponding differences in activity and product selectivity. Nevertheless, the measured apparent reaction barrier (energy difference between transition state and MASIs) spans the elementary step of solvent modification, thus allowing for the observation of negligible solvent thermodynamic modification. Collectively, these findings provide clear evidence of solvent effects on alkene epoxidation and can be easily extended to some other reactions in solvents.
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JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS
·
2019
·
IF 2.833
Jing Zhang,Cheng Fei Zhang,Quan Li Li,Chun Hung Chu
Introduction Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) possess strong odonto/osteogenic differentiation potential. This study investigated the effect of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) on odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs and the underlining interplay between cAMP and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1). Methods SCAPs were stimulated with an activator of cAMP (forskolin) in the presence of either TGF-β1 or a TGF-β1 inhibitor. The amounts of calcium mineral deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity were determined. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to elucidate cAMP on the TGF-β1–mediated odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs. The effect of cAMP on the phosphorylation of Smad2/Smad3 and extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK)/P38 induced by TGF-β1 was analyzed by Western blotting . Results Cotreatment with forskolin and a TGF-β1 inhibitor enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity and deposition of calcium minerals in SCAPs. Moreover, the TGF-β1 inhibitor synergized the effect of forskolin on the expression of type I collagen and runt-related transcription factor 2. The results of Western blotting revealed that forskolin attenuated the unregulated expression of the phosphorylation of Smad3 and ERK induced by TGF-β1, and a cAMP inhibitor (H89) antagonized this effect. Conclusions This study showed that cAMP signaling exerts its up-regulating effects on the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs by interfering with TGF-β1 signaling via inhibiting Smad3 and ERK phosphorylation.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2013
·
IF 2.206
Xiaofeng Wang,Weiyi Xing,Bibo Wang,Panyue Wen,Lei Song,Yuan Hu,Ping Zhang
Polypseudorotaxane (PPR) prepared by the inclusion complex between beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) was chosen as a ‘‘green’’ carbon source in intumescent flame retardants (IFRs) and exhibited more effective carbonization and higher degree of graphitic network than that of free β-CD. Its combination with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and melamine (MA) presented the most excellent char-forming ability whether in nitrogen or in air atmosphere. After blending IFRs into polylactic acid (PLA), the thermal stability was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and their flammability was assessed by limited oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion, and cone calorimeter. The higher LOI% value and lower total heat release (THR) of PLA2 (which contains 20 wt % APP/MA/PPR mixtures) revealed that it presented more excellent flame retardance. Besides, the results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) exhibited the existence of more bubbles in the char residue of PLA2.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2013
·
IF 2.206
Jiangfeng Yang,Junmin Li,Wei Wang,Libo Li,Jinping Li
Three hydrophobic microporous high-silica zeolites, DDR (with an 8-membered ring), silicalite-1 (a 10-membered ring), and beta (a 12-membered ring) were synthesized. The Si/Al ratios were 230, 1350, and 35, respectively. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, water vapor adsorption, and volumetric nitrogen adsorption. They were tested for their CO2, CH4, and N2 adsorption properties at pressures of up to 10 bar at 288–313 K after activation, and the results were correlated with the Langmuir model. The heat of adsorption was calculated using the Clausius–Clapeyron equation based on the adsorption isotherms. These data were used to estimate the separation selectivities for CO2/CH4 and CH4/N2 binary mixtures at 298 K, using the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) model. Experimental results showed that DDR and beta have good selectivities for CO2/CH4, because they have narrow pores (DDR) or more balance metal ions (relatively low Si/Al ratios beta) effect separately. The synthesized silicalite-1 has the lowest SCO2/CH4 but has the most suitable orifices for methane adsorption and the highest SCH4/N2. In addition, the breakthrough data for CH4/N2 mixtures further indicates that silicalite-1 is more suitable for the CH4 enrichment than the commercially used sorbents zeolite-5A and 13X. From the reproducibility of CH4 and N2 adsorption isotherms on silicalite-1, we can infer that which has the potential to be a commercial sorbent by the stable adsorption properties.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
·
2013
·
IF 3.554
Fang Du,Haijing Meng,Ke Xu,Yanyun Xu,Ping Luo,Yu Luo,Wei Lu,Jin Huang,Shiyuan Liu,Jiahui Yu
This research is aimed to develop a nanoparticle delivery system based on β-cyclodextrin-grafted diblock copolymer and camptothecin (CPT) inclusion complexes with the purpose of enhancing the stability of CPT in aqueous media. Firstly, mPEG-PBLG diblock copolymer was synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization of γ-benzyl- l -glutamate-N-carboxyanhydride (BLG-NCA) initiated with amine terminated poly (ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (mPEG-NH 2 ). After removal of benzyl groups, mono-6-amine-β-cyclodextrin (EDA-β-CD) units were coupled to the carboxyl groups of the copolymer as side groups to produce the host macromolecule mPEG-PLG(CD). The highly hydrophobic anticancer drug CPT was employed as the guest component which could be included into the host macromolecule to form supramolecular inclusion-complex mPEG-PLG(CPT@CD). Interestingly, the supramolecular complexes were able to form spherical nanoparticles with an average size of 98 nm in aqueous media confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), suggesting their passive targeting potential to tumor tissue. Due to the protection effect from a dual lock system (the environment of nanoparticles and the exterior surface of β-CD), the active lactone ring of CPT showed remarkably enhanced stability against hydrolysis under physiological condition. The release profile of the mPEG-PLG(CPT@CD) nanoparticles in PBS buffer was found to be gradual and sustaining. It was worthy to note that the release could be accelerated by addition of adamantane carboxylate (ADC) as competitive guest compound, demonstrating the chemically stimulated release behavior of the nanoparticles. Compared with free CPT, the mPEG-PLG(CPT@CD) nanoparticles displayed essentially decreased cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell line in 24 h because of a sustained release profile of CPT from the nanoparticles, moreover, the carrier mPEG-PLG(CD) itself showed almost no cytotoxicity, indicating its great potential as tumor tissue targeted drug delivery system.
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Journal of Integrative Neuroscience
·
2024
·Vol. 23
·期 8
·145
·
IF 2.5
Yuan Xu,Yushi Yang,Jie Yang,Junshuan Cui,Jian Yan,Jiannan Jiang,Zhangwei Yan,Hua Yang
Background: Ischemic stroke is mainly caused by cerebral artery thrombosis. This study investigated the role of glycine receptor beta subunit (GlyR-β) in the recovery from cerebral ischemia stroke/reperfusion. Methods: The oxygen glucose deprivation and recovery (OGD/R) bEnd3 cell model and the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) mouse model were used in this study. Results: Expression of both the GlyR-β gene and vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf), cell proliferation, and tube formation ability was decreased in bEnd3 cells after OGD/R, and was reversed by overexpression of GlyR-β. Neurological function, asindicated by Zea Longa scores, area of cerebral ischemia, and pathological changes were increased in mice after MCAO/R, and were ameliorated by overexpression of the glycine receptor beta (Glrb) gene at 24 h and 7 d after MCAO/R. Expression of GlyR-β and Gap-43 was decreased, and the expression of CD34, Vegf, and Bdnf, and cell growth as determined by a bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assay, increased in the affected brain tissue of MCAO/R mice in a time-dependent manner. GlyR-β overexpression resulted in enhanced expression of CD34, Vegf, Growth association protein 43 (Gap-43), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) and cell growth in affected brain tissue of MCAO/R mice in a time-dependent manner. Conclusions: GlyR-β promoted potential angiogenesis and neurological regeneration in affected brain tissue, thus promoting recovery from cerebral ischemia stroke/reperfusion.
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Catalysis Science & Technology
·
2025
·
IF 4.2
Mingkang Zhang,Jingwei Wu,Haolin Yang,Xiaohan Wang,Zebao Rui,Junfei Chen
Selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides with methane (CH4-SCR) is an effective way to simultaneously eliminate NOx and CH4 emissions. Development of efficient CH4-SCR reaction system with high NOx reduction activity and selectivity is highly desirable for its commercial application. Herein, a two-part relay reaction system, including sequentially Co@S-1 and In-Ce/H-Beta catalysts, is designed for boosting CH4-SCR. In this system, the Co@S-1 with high redox ability boosts NO oxidation to NO2 and generates key intermediate CH3NO2 that can partially be in situ oxidized and the excessive can migrate to In-Ce/H-Beta. Meanwhile, the inner synergistic effect between InO+ and CeO2 species on In-Ce/H-Beta not only exhibits fair CH4-SCR performance, also facilitates the formation of NO- 3 species to react with the migrated CH3NO2 from Co@S-1. Benefiting from the combination between outer active sites synergy and inner active sites synergy, the simultaneous efficient conversion of NOx (T50 = 380 ℃) and CH4 (T50 = 425 ℃) with well durability is achieved.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Xianqiang Zeng,Liguo Wang,Yan Cao,Chen Liu,Peng He,Huiquan Li
Poly(1,2-butylene oxide) (PBO) is a highly promising and innovative polyether lubricating oil due to its excellent lubricating properties and unique oil miscibility. However, the development of catalysts with low cost, high stability, and excellent catalytic performance for the synthesis of PBO remains a challenge. In this study, we report a series of highly active heterogeneous catalysts composed of layered Zn–Co double-metal cyanides supported by beta zeolite (L-DMC/Al-Beta) for the synthesis of PBO by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of 1,2-butylene oxide (BO). The catalyst’s superior performance can be attributed to the high dispersion of L-DMC on the surface of the Al-Beta support, which increases the availability of Zn active sites. The inclusion of Al-Beta provides additional Lewis acid sites, which facilitate the coordination and ring opening of BO, resulting in an improved polymerization rate. Through semibatch polymerization processes, well-controlled PBOs with a narrow polydispersity index (D̵ = 1.08–1.53) and desired molecular weights (Mn = 1400–4500 g mol–1) can be obtained. In particular, PBOs exhibit excellent lubricating properties, with a viscosity index of up to 242, a flash point of up to 238 °C, and a pour point as low as −45 °C. Furthermore, PBOs demonstrate excellent miscibility with mineral lubricating oils and can serve as additives to significantly improve their viscosity index. The combination of low cost, easy preparation, and outstanding catalytic performance makes L-DMC/Al-Beta an extremely promising catalyst for the industrial production of high-performance PBO lubricating oils.
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FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Yi Wang,Hao Wu,Yuanhao Liu,Wansheng Wang,Pingping Wu,Hongchao Fan,Zhihui Liu,Peng Bai,Zifeng Yan
Plastics are widely used in daily life and industry. However, the natural degradation of waste plastics is very slow, causing considerable environmental problems. Catalytic cracking is able to convert waste plastics into fuels and chemicals, being an efficient and sustainable utilization route for waste plastics. Zeolites are commonly used as catalysts for this process, with the performance mainly affected by diffusion and acidity properties. It is necessary to elucidate the combinatorial effect of these two factors. Herein, zeolite Beta was used as the model catalyst for the catalytic cracking of low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The synergistic effect of diffusion and acidity on the catalytic performance was explored by systematically controlling the Si/Al ratio (SAR) and particle size of zeolite Beta. By correlating the acidity and pore structure of Beta zeolites with the catalytic performance, a gasoline yield descriptor − gasoline factor (GF) was proposed, and GF fitted well with the gasoline yields of LDPE cracking by Beta zeolites, demonstrating that GF may provide theoretical guidance for the optimized design of zeolite catalysts in the LDPE cracking. Through fine analysis of the gasoline composition with M4 multi-dimensional chromatography, for the first time, a high proportion of cyclo-olefins was discovered in the gasoline products of all zeolite catalysts, which was ascribed to the unique long hydrocarbon chains of LDPE. Considering that cyclo-olefin copolymers possess high thermal stability and excellent chemical resistance, the cyclo-olefin monomers produced by the cracking of LDPE exhibit high potential in commercial applications.
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