查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

Targeted local anesthesia: a novel slow-release Fe3O4–lidocaine–PLGA microsphere endowed with a magnetic targeting function

Zheng Ling-xi,Yu Qian,Li Qiang,Zheng Chuan-dong

Purpose Lidocaine microspheres can prolong the analgesic time to 24–48 h, which still cannot meet the need of postoperative analgesia lasting more than 3 days. Therefore, we added Fe 3 O 4 to the lidocaine microspheres and used an applied magnetic field to attract Fe 3 O 4 to fix the microspheres around the target nerves, reducing the diffusion of magnetic lidocaine microspheres to the surrounding tissues and prolonging the analgesic time. Methods Fe 3 O 4 –lidocaine–PLGA microspheres were prepared by the complex-emulsion volatilization method to characterize and study the release properties in vitro. The neural anchoring properties and in vivo morphology of the drug were obtained by magnetic resonance imaging. The nerve blocking effect and analgesic effect of magnetic lidocaine microspheres were evaluated by animal experiments. Results The mean diameter of magnetically responsive lidocaine microspheres: 9.04 ± 3.23 μm. The encapsulation and drug loading of the microspheres were 46.18 ± 3.26% and 6.02 ± 1.87%, respectively. Magnetic resonance imaging showed good imaging of Fe 3 O 4 –Lidocain–PLGA microspheres, a drug-carrying model that slowed down the diffusion of the microspheres in the presence of an applied magnetic field. Animal experiments demonstrated that this preparation had a significantly prolonged nerve block, analgesic effect, and a nerve anchoring function. Conclusion Magnetically responsive lidocaine microspheres can prolong analgesia by slowly releasing lidocaine, which can be immobilized around the nerve by a magnetic field on the body surface, avoiding premature diffusion of the microspheres to surrounding tissues and improving drug targeting.

A novel cationic polyelectrolyte microsphere for ultrafast and ultra-efficient removal of heavy metal ions and dyes

Liqin Cai,Daofa Ying,Xichao Liang,Mengxiang Zhu,Xinghuan Lin,Qi Xu,Zongwei Cai,Xiaojuan Xu,Lina Zhang

Dyes and heavy metal ions contamination have caused serious hazards to human and environmental health. Thus, effective removal of dyes and heavy metal ions is urgently needed. Herein, a novel cationic polyelectrolyte microsphere (CCQM) has been successfully fabricated via facile chemical crosslinking and emulsification method. CCQM with lower crystallinity, higher specific surface area, pore volume, thermal stability and surface charges, displayed better adsorption abilities than pure chitosan microsphere (PCM). These superior characteristics of CCQM provided ultrafast adsorption rate (within 4 min) and ultra-efficient adsorption capacity to anionic dyes and heavy metal ions (1500 mg g −1 for Congo red (CR) and 179.4 mg g −1 for Methyl orange (MO), 687.6 mg g −1 for Cu (Ⅱ) and 398.8 mg g −1 for Fe (III)), which were far better than most of the reported absorbents. The adsorptions of dyes and heavy metal ions on CCQM could be modeled using Langmuir, Pseudo-second order rate equation and Fickian diffusion laws’ equation, and the adsorption capacities were still satisfactory even under harsh conditions. The interference studies were performed and Cu 2+ could be preferentially adsorbed by CCQM due to the smaller steric hindrance. The adsorption mechanism was unveiled that the cation exchange, chelating effect, proton exchange and complex formation mainly contributed to the ultrafast and ultra-efficient removal of heavy metal ions, while electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding led to the removal of dyes. In addition, CCQM with superb recyclability (within 10% loss after five cycles), antibacterial viability and biodegradability (165 days), could be used as the filler in filled column to purify wastewater. These results indicated that CCQM exhibited appealing application prospects for the treatment of various wastewaters.

Gas-regulating composite films with PBAT microsphere channels and ethylene adsorption for enhanced preservation of perishable fruits

Guang Nie,Wenxuan Zhang,Hao Ding,Yanfei Qiao,Wensheng Wang,Siqi Dong,Siqi Rao,Chongjie Wang,Yingchun Li,Zhichao He

To address the challenge of fruit spoilage, this study developed an eco-friendly composite film (CGTZ-P) with dual functionality for gas regulation and ethylene adsorption. The film incorporates biodegradable PBAT microspheres to form porous gas-permeable channels and mesoporous nano-zeolites modified with tannic acid as ethylene scavengers. The optimized CGTZ-P1 formulation demonstrated remarkable mechanical enhancement, with tensile strength and elongation at break increasing by 455.84% and 49.45%, respectively, compared to the control film. The composite film exhibited improved CO₂/O₂ selectivity, strong antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging: 72.10%; ABTS radical scavenging: 81.22%, and effective antibacterial effects against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . In the strawberry storage trial, the CGTZ-P1 film extended the shelf life by over 7 days at room temperature by maintaining fruit freshness, reducing weight loss, and delaying pH changes. This work provides a sustainable approach for developing multifunctional biodegradable packaging materials for fruit preservation.

Hollow Ni/C microsphere@graphene foam with dual-spatial and porous structure on the microwave absorbing performance

Junnan Wang,Qijie Wang,Wei Wang,Pinbo Li,Yazhen Zhao,Junjian Zhai,Wu Zhao,Han Zhang,Jiangni Yun,Zhiyong Zhang,Jiangxiao Tian,Zhouhu Deng,Junfeng Yan

In this study, a unique dual-spatial three-dimensional (3D) porous structure comprising Ni/C hollow microspheres was prepared from a Ni-based metal organic framework (Ni-MOF) embedded in graphene foam (GF) by the solvothermal method followed by calcination . The graphene foam-based composite, Ni/C@GF (NCGF), exhibited a stable spatial conductive network structure and diverse porous architecture, promoting the microwave absorption (MA) properties of composites. The NCGF with a Ni/C and GF ratio of 1:2.5 displayed a reflection loss (RL) value of ─63 dB with 15 wt% loading, while the thickness is only 1.76 mm. Further, its effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reached to 5.4 GHz at 2 mm thickness. In addition, when the RL value is less than ─20 dB, the NCGF still manifests a wider bandwidth (2.2 GHz) and a relatively low thickness (1.76 mm). In addition to the extraordinary attenuation ability, the excellent MA performance is mainly ascribed to optimized impedance matching characteristics. Moreover, multiple reflections promoted by the dual-space structure also play a significant role during the microwave absorption process.

Facile and Green Fabrication of Porous Hydrogels Based on Gelatin Microsphere Porogens for 3D Immune Cell Culture

Han Fu,Qiwen Yao,Shuai Tan,Yingming Wang,Aishun Jin

Porous hydrogels are critical for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, as they mimic the native extracellular matrix to support cell infiltration and mass transport. A common strategy for engineering pore structures involves the incorporation and subsequent removal of sacrificial porogen templates (e.g., crystals or microspheres). Although this approach offers excellent control over pore architecture, it often suffers from complex procedures and biosafety concerns arising from incomplete template removal. In this work, we present a simple, biocompatible, and versatile templating approach. By systematically investigating the coacervation parameters, we produced gelatin microspheres (GSs) with tunable diameters from 7 µm to 300 µm via a green, instrument-free, and scalable process. Using GSs of 20–160 µm as porogens, we obtained alginate hydrogels with adjustable viscoelasticity, stiffness, and pore sizes. We then validated two cell-loading strategies for bulk porous alginate hydrogels using immortalized human T (Jurkat) cells: (i) post-seeding into pre-formed pores supported high-density, long-term, and organized cell aggregates with >90% viability; (ii) in situ encapsulation (prior to pore formation) yielded >80% viability and preserved the cluster-forming growth characteristics of Jurkat cells. Moreover, composites of smaller GSs (7–20 µm) with alginate could be syringe-extruded into stable, sub-millimeter porous filaments, demonstrating the potential for 3D printing. Collectively, this work provides a promising platform for three-dimensional culture of immune cells.

Fluorine-Free and Durable Polydimethylsiloxane Microsphere-Coated Superhydrophobic Polyurethane Sponges with Tunable Photothermal Properties for Multifunctional Applications

Zhihong Zhou,Lin Zhang,Zhiwei He

The development of facile-to-fabricate, long-lasting, and fluorine-free superhydrophobic surfaces still poses a key challenge for their versatile applications. In this work, a fluorine-free, durable, and photothermal superhydrophobic polyurethane (PU) platform is constructed by integrating polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microspheres and adjustable photothermal absorbers into the PU matrix with the aid of PDMS as a binder. When lignin particles are selected as the photothermal components, the resulting lignin-based superhydrophobic PU sponge shows outstanding chemical stability, hydrothermal resistance, and mechanical durability across various test conditions along with strong adsorption capacities for a range of oils and organic solvents. By substitution of the photothermal absorbers, a candle soot-modified or MXene-modified superhydrophobic PU platform can be readily fabricated. With lignin particles, candle soots, and MXene as the photothermal absorbers, the superhydrophobic PU platform reaches maximum surface temperatures of 65.4 °C, 76.2 °C, and 82.0 °C under 1 sun irradiation, respectively. Benefiting from its excellent photothermal performance, the superhydrophobic PU platform achieves adsorption capacities of 36.5 g/g, 56.2 g/g, and 41.1 g/g for viscous crude oil and separation efficiencies of 98.5%, 98.9%, and 98.7% for crude oil and adsorbs a crude oil droplet (1 mL) within 60 s, 30 s, and 28 s under 1 sun irradiation, respectively. Additionally, the superhydrophobic PU platform can efficiently separate oils (such as crude oil and carbon tetrachloride) from both water-in-oil and oil-in-water emulsions and maintains an ice-free state at −18.6 °C under 0.6 sun irradiation. This study not only realizes the sustainable high-value utilization of low-cost byproducts but also provides a strategy for the rational design of fluorine-free and durable superhydrophobic platforms with tailorable photothermal properties for multiple practical applications.

Highly active and durable methanol electro-oxidation catalyzed by small palladium nanoparticles inside sulfur-doped carbon microsphere

Xiangheng Niu,Qingang Xiong,Jianming Pan,Xin Li,Wenchi Zhang,Fengxian Qiu,Yongsheng Yan

In this work, small palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) inside sulfur-doped carbon microsphere (S-CMS) were synthesized to achieve both high electro-catalytic activity and long durability for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). The highly dispersed Pd NPs encapsulated in S-CMS with an architectural feature like the plum pudding model were obtained via a facile one-pot hydrothermal synthesis employing reduced glutathione (r-GSH) as both reducing and capping agents, followed by a simple carbonization procedure. The synthesized Pd NPs inside S-CMS was found to provide larger effective surface for MOR compared to commercial Pd/C. Mass activity 5.9 times higher than that of Pd/C was acquired, originating from the small size of Pd NPs and their interactions with the heteroatom-modified CMS coating. Due to the decreased agglomeration and dissolution, the proposed encapsulated Pd NPs also kept more stable during continuous start-stop operation, suggesting its great potential as an effective anode material to be used in DMFCs.

Microfluidic synthesis of thiourea modified chitosan microsphere of high specific surface area for heavy metal wastewater treatment

Yong Zhu,Zhi-Shan Bai,Hua-Lin Wang

An improved biosorbent of thiourea modified chitosan microsphere (TMCM) with high specific surface, favorable mechanical strength and excellent adsorption performance had been synthesized via microfluidic technology. Polyethylene glycol was used as a significant component added in aqueous solution of chitosan to produce such microspheres through droplets forming, chemical crosslinking and pores creating. For the improvement of adsorption capacity, thiourea was considered as an excellent choice in increasing amino functional group by graft modification. The SEM, FTIR and EDS were employed to detect distinct features of TMCM. Copper(II) was used to test the adsorption performance of TMCM. The experimental results indicated that TMCM exhibited higher adsorption capacity ( q e   =   60.6   mg   g −1 ) and faster adsorption rate than that non-modified chitosan microsphere (NMCM). The adsorption kinetic was described well by the pseudo -second order kinetic model, which suggested that chemical adsorption along with electrons transferring was dominant in adsorption process.

Enhanced Sensitivity and Versatile Detection: Dual-Sized Microsphere-Type Pressure Sensors for Soft Robotics and Wearable Electronics

Xiying Li,Jia Ming Zhang,Huiling Duan

The development of pressure sensors with enhanced sensitivity, expanded working range, and versatile yet decoupling detection capabilities is critical for advancing robotics and medical applications. This work presents a novel pressure sensor design utilizing the distinct responses of dual-sized microspheres to external pressure that achieves a high sensitivity of 20 kPa–1 and an expanded pressure range of 0.1–70 kPa, enabling continuous and precise pressure detection. Functional material coatings further enhance the performance of the sensor, demonstrated here with a PEDOT:PSS layer for temperature sensing with a sensitivity of 4 × 10–5 K–1, while effectively decoupling temperature and pressure signals. The resulting bimodal sensor features a rapid pressure response (200 ms), low hysteresis, and exceptional durability, maintaining reliable performance over 3000 cycles. With its simple fabrication process and robust sensing capabilities, the sensor is validated through diverse applications, including gesture recognition, tactile perception in soft robotics, and handwriting detection using sensor arrays. This sensor design with dual-sized microspheres demonstrates significant potential for next-generation electronic skin, perceptive robotics, and intelligent wearable electronics, offering a versatile and practical approach to multifunctional sensing.

Selective adsorption and separation of Cr(VI) by surface-imprinted microsphere based on thiosemicarbazide-functionalized sodium alginate

Yapei Luo,Heng Li,Minghua Wu,Wei Wang,Lili Wang

A modular hydrogel bioink containing microsphere-embedded chondrocytes for 3D-printed multiscale composite scaffolds for cartilage repair

Panjing Yin,Weiwei Su,Ting Li,Ling Wang,Jianying Pan,Xiaoqi Wu,Yan Shao,Huabin Chen,Lin Lin,Yang Yang,Xiulin Cheng,Yanbing Li,Yaobin Wu,Chun Zeng,Wenhua Huang

Articular cartilage tissue engineering is being considered an alternative treatment strategy for promoting cartilage damage repair. Herein, we proposed a modular hydrogel-based bioink containing microsphere-embedded chondrocytes for 3D printing multiscale scaffolds integrating the micro and macro environment of the native articular cartilage. Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)/alginate microsphere was prepared by a microfluidic approach, and the chondrocytes embedded in the microspheres remained viable after being frozen and resuscitated. The modular hydrogel bioink could be printed via the gel-in-gel 3D bioprinting strategy for fabricating the multiscale hydrogel-based scaffolds. Meanwhile, the cells cultured in the scaffolds showed good proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, we also found that the composite hydrogel was biocompatible in vivo . These results indicated that the modular hydrogel-based bioinks containing microsphere-embedded chondrocytes for 3D printing multiscale scaffolds could provide a 3D multiscale environment for enhancing cartilage repairing, which would be encouraging considering the numerous alternative applications in articular cartilage tissue engineering.

Osmosis-induced hydrodynamic centering of W/O/W double emulsion droplets for quasi-concentric microcapsule/microsphere fabrication

Hao Wu,Tianyi Jiang,Wenlong Wu,Shanguo Zhang,Ming Li,Jingzhuo Zhou,Mengya Zhu,Juzheng Chen,Ziyong Li,Yang Lu,Hongyuan Jiang

Water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double emulsion droplets are a typical colloidal system applied in various practical fields. However, certain high-specification applications necessitate exact geometric homogeneity in terms of both shell diameter and thickness. Despite achieving uniformity in shell diameter, on-chip microfluidic emulsification always leads to an eccentric phenomenon due to innate density differences of the droplet solution. At the same time, the current regulation methods have multiple limitations, including their applicability, regulatory scope, and objective restrictions. Herein, we propose an off-chip osmosis-induced hydrodynamic method to accurately regulate the eccentricity of W/O/W double emulsion droplets. The rational selection of hypertonic osmosis can energize the droplets and induce inward transmembrane water flux. This flow helps to reposition the droplet core to align concentrically with the shell, regardless of the initial dimension and eccentricity of the droplets. As the osmotic induction reduces due to the dilution of the inner solute molar concentration , the optimal droplet configuration can be achieved when osmosis-induced hydrodynamic regulation sufficiently counteracts the adverse effects of droplet solution density difference. The microcapsules can thus be produced by instant UV polymerization of the regulated double emulsion droplets, and the silica microspheres with fine geometric homogeneity can be prepared through further heat treatment, which is expected to meet the stringent morphological requirements in practical applications.