POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 31
·期 4
·807-816
·
IF 2.162
Chun-Hui Du,Xin-Yi Zhang,Chun-Jin Wu
Chitosan (CS) with good hydrophilicity and charged property was used to modify graphene oxide (GO), the obtained GO-CS was used as a novel modifier to fabricate thin film composite forward osmosis (FO) membranes. The results revealed that the amino groups on CS reacted with carboxyl groups on GO, and the lamellar structure of the GO nanosheets was peeled off by CS, resulting in the reducing of their thicknesses. The GO-CS improved the hydrophilicity of polyethersulfone (PES) substrate, and their contact angles decreased to 64° with the addition of GO-CS in the substrate. GO-CS also increased the porosity of the substrate and surface roughness of FO membrane, thereby optimizing the water flux and reverse salt flux of FO membrane. The average water flux of the FO membrane reached the optimal flux of 21.34 L/(m 2 h) when GO-CS addition was 0.5 wt%, and further addition of GO-CS to the substrate would decrease the water flux of FO membrane, and the reverse salt flux also decreased to the lowest value of 2.26 g/(m 2 h). However, the salt rejection of the membrane increased from 91.4% to 95.1% when GO-CS addition increased from 0.5 to 1.0 wt% under FO mode using 1 mol/L sodium chloride (NaCl) solution as draw solution (DS). In addition, high osmotic pressure favored water permeation, and at the same concentration of DS, magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) exhibited better properties than NaCl. These results all suggested that GO-CS was a good modifier to fabricate FO membrane, and MgCl 2 was a good DS candidate.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 31
·期 4
·795-806
·
IF 2.162
Teng Li,Shuai Li,Tongjun Ma,Yi Zhong,Linping Zhang,Hong Xu,Bijia Wang,Xiaofeng Sui,Xueling Feng,Zhize Chen,Zhiping Mao
A novel strategy was developed for the preparation of melamine polyphosphate (MPP) nanowires to achieve a superior flame-retardant poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Thanks to the well-designed nanostructure, the prepared MPP nanowires exhibited great thermal stability and flame retardance. Herein with incorporation of only 1-wt% MPP nanowires (PET/FR1.0 nanocomposite), the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value was dramatically increased to 29.4% from 20.5%, showing self-extinguishing behavior. Moreover, PET/FR1.0 nanocomposite passed V-0 UL-94 rating in the vertical combustion test. However, PET containing 5-wt% commercial MPP powder (PET/FR C 5.0) only showed a LOI of 27.9% and ignited the absorbent cotton with flammable melt-droplets. Cone results also presented that introducing 1-wt% MPP nanowires brought about a crucial decrease in fire hazard of PET, for instance, 11.1% and 7.7% maximum reduction in heat release rate and total heat release, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR) result indicated that the main pyrolysis volatiles generated from PET degradation including benzoic acid, aromatic compounds, and carbon dioxide were apparently suppressed after introducing MPP nanowires into PET matrixes, suggesting the outstanding obstructing effect of graphited char residue formed in the combustion. This enhanced flame retardancy rooting in addition of MPP nanowires can be attributed to the combined dilution effect in gaseous phase and catalytic carbonization effect in condensed phase.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 31
·期 3
·433-439
·
IF 2.162
Fengmei Cheng,Hao Li,Haidong Li
High dielectric constant is highly desirable in capacitors and memory devices. In this work, oleic acid (OA)-capped BaTiO 3 nanocrystals were synthesized by a two-phase approach. Polyimide (PI)/BaTiO 3 -nanocrystal composite thin films with high dielectric constant have been successfully fabricated. The morphologies and dielectric properties of the hybrid films were exploited. The results showed that BaTiO 3 nanocrystals can be uniformly dispersed in the PI thin films owing to the surface modification of OA-capped BaTiO 3 nanocrystals. It was found that the dielectric constant of composite film varies with the volume fraction of BaTiO 3 nanocrystals and sintering temperatures and reaches a maximum value of 44.1, which is around 13 times higher than that of pristine PI thin film (3.2). These results demonstrated that PI/BaTiO 3 -nanocrystal composite films have considerable application potential in microelectronic fields.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 31
·期 3
·616-629
·
IF 2.162
Long Zhang,Qinggang Kong,Fanxin Kong,Taolin Liu,Haiyan Qian
A novel fluorinated chain extender, (1-(ethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-3- ((3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl)oxy)propan-2-ol) (FPO), was synthesized and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and elemental analysis. Poly (ether urethane)s containing various amounts of the chain extender with fluorinated side chains (FPUs) were prepared by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polytetra-methylene-ether-glycol (PTMG), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550), and 1,4-butandiol (BDO). Films of FPUs were investigated by water absorption, contact angle, pencil hardness, adhesive force, and thermal analysis. Coating FPUs on micro-nano concave-convex structure plate realizes superhydrophobic performance. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) demonstrated that there is a lot of irregular concave-convex structure, which forms a typical air cushion model. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that surface fluorine content is 165% more than that of film average fluorine content. The superhydrophobic plate with 10% or higher F-containing FPUs coating is of outstanding chemical corrosion resistance, excellent solvent resistance, and wear resistance.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 31
·期 2
·338-349
·
IF 2.162
Lei Yang,He-qing Fu
Based on the strong adsorption of the diphosphate group to Fe and Al ions, first, the Fe 3 O 4 and Al (OH) 3 nanoparticles were modified by alendronate sodium (ALN), and organic phosphorus coated nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 -ALN and Al (OH) 3 -ALN) with the active group ─NH 2 were prepared. Novel [ x Fe 3 O 4 –2 x Al(OH) 3 ]/waterborne polyurethane nanocomposite with superparamagnetism and excellent flame retardancy were prepared by in situ polymerization. The experimental results showed that when the content of Fe 3 O 4 -ALN increased, the M s increased. And the saturation magnetization reached 14.35 emu/g when the Fe 3 O 4 -ALN content was 10 wt%. The nanoparticle network formed by Fe 3 O 4 and Al (OH) 3 can prevent the melting deformation of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) composite film and reduce the burning area. And the dual physical protective layer formed by nanoparticle network and char layer can prevent the combustible gas contacting with oxygen and giving off combustion heat, which effectively reduced the heat and smoke gas release. When the content of x Fe 3 O 4 –2 x Al(OH) 3 was 20 wt%, the oxygen index of the composite was 28.4%, and the flame retardancy of nanocomposite was classified as V-0 rating in the UL-94 test.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 31
·期 2
·260-272
·
IF 2.162
Lichen Zhang,Deqi Yi,Jianwei Hao
Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) deionized chloride ions and ammonium ions by ionizing in aqueous solution respectively, then combined to form poly (diallyldimethylammonium) and polyphosphate (PAPP) polyelectrolyte complexes as an all-in-one flame retardant for polypropylene and its composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. One flame retardant system composed of PAPP and PP, the other flame retardant system composed of PAPP, Polyamide-6 (PA6) and PP were tested by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94, cone calorimeter tests and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and compared with pure PP. The results showed that the LOI value of PP/PAPP composite can reach 27.5%, and UL-94 V-2 rating can be reached at 25 wt% PAPP loading. Meanwhile the cone calorimetry results displayed that the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) were reduced up to 69.3% and 22.5%, respectively, compared with those of pure PP. After adding 5 wt% PA6, the carbon source missing due to the early PAPP decomposition can be made up, and PHRR and THR can be further reduced slightly. The flame retardant mechanism of PAPP was studied by FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Six-membered ring of C─N containing conjugate double bonds, cross-linked phosphate structure formed stable, intumescent, compact char layer which greatly improved the flame retardancy of PP.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 31
·期 1
·135-145
·
IF 2.162
Danqi Yang,Luming Dong,Xudong Hou,Weikang Zheng,Jian Xiao,Jianzhong Xu,Haiyun Ma
A highly cross-linked poly (cyclotriphosphazene-resveratrol) microsphere (PRV) was synthesized by using hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) and bio-based resveratrol (REV) as raw materials, and the obtained PRV microspheres were applied to improve the flame retardancy and mechanical property of epoxy resin (EP). The TGA results showed that the PRV microsphere is an excellent charring agent and the char yield is as high as 62% at 800°C. The incorporation of PRV makes the initial degradation earlier yet significantly increases the char residue of EP composites. Moreover, the introduction of PRV microspheres into EP greatly promoted the flame retardancy performance. Under 3% of addition of PRV microspheres, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) were decreased by 58.3% and 29.6%, respectively, the limited oxygen index (LOI) value was increased to 29.7% from 25.3% of pure EP. In addition, because of the uniform distribution in EP matrix and the enhancing effect of PRV microspheres, the mechanical properties including tensile modulus of EP composites were strengthened. PRV microspheres in this paper provide a possibility to synthesize a dual functional filler, which acts as both flame retardant and strengthening agent.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2022
·Vol. 34
·期 1
·377-385
·
IF 3.348
Li Xie,Jin-Rong Zhong,Yan Li,Yue-Fei Zhang
The reaction precursors pimelic acid (Pi) and calcium stearate (CaSt) were added in situ during extrusion of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) to generate self-dispersed calcium pimelate (CaPi[IS]). The results reveal that the nucleating agents (NAs) synthesized in situ obviously affected the nucleation effect in iPP. The crystallization, mechanical properties and melting behavior of nucleated iPP were investigated. The crystallization temperature ( T c ) of iPP modified with CaPi(IS) increased by 4–5°C when compared to that of pure iPP. Especially, when the addition amount of CaPi(IS) in iPP was 0.30 wt%, the relative β-crystal concentration of iPP/CaPi(IS) reached the highest level of 96.47%, 22.71% higher than that of iPP/CaPi. However, Pi and CaSt has hardly impact on the nucleation effect in iPP. The mechanical properties of iPP show that CaPi and CaPi(IS) have excellent toughening effect on iPP while Pi and CaSt greatly improved the stiffness of iPP. Furthermore, the dispersion of these NAs in iPP was investigated by scanning electronic microscope (SEM). It can be clearly seen that the CaPi(IS) particles are uniformly distributed in the iPP after magnification.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2022
·Vol. 34
·期 2
·597-604
·
IF 3.348
Gang Yu,Qian Xu,Zhiyou Lei,Yanbing Lu,Weijian Xu,Ruoxi Wu
Herein, a series of polymers containing the photosensitive 2-dinitro-benzenemethanol carbonate (DNBC) was developed by click polymerization. Due to the unique photochemical cleavage recombination behavior of DNBC, these polymers were used as negative photoresists to create micropatterns. Furthermore, the photochemical behaviors of DNBC were studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). According the results, we speculated that the photochemical reaction of DNBC involved an initial chemical bond-breaking process and a subsequent recombination process. Importantly, by extending the aldehyde to a branched-chain structure, reactive patterns were developed by film preparation. Clickable amine functional molecules could be grafted upon the substrates by surface modification. Surface modification of reactive patterns with fluorescent amines gave a multifunctional pattern with tunable properties confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal fluorescence microscopy.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2022
·Vol. 34
·期 2
·539-548
·
IF 3.348
Kaikai Wang,Wei Zhang,Yameng Qi,Xiaodan Hu,Xiaohong Zhang,Shuquan Chang,Haiqian Zhang
Fricke gel dosimeters have great potential for three-dimensional (3D) dose verification in radiation therapy; however, they suffer from time-dependent ion diffusion after irradiation, severely affecting their stability and reliability. In this work, a pullulan-based amphiphilic molecule was synthesized, characterized, and self-assembled into nanogels. Nanogel structures were embedded into gel dosimeters to reduce the diffusion rates, and radiation-sensitive nanogel-incorporated Fricke hydrogel nanocomposites were prepared successfully. The results demonstrated that the diffusion coefficient of improved dosimeters was reduced to 0.125 ± 0.001 mm 2 h −1 , while maintaining the high optical dose sensitivity (0.0410 ± 0.0004 Gy −1 cm −1 ). It provides a powerful tool toward the practical application of 3D dosimeters.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2024
·Vol. 35
·期 6
·e6481
·
IF 3.1
Yuquan Chen,Bin Ren,Xuemei Li,Suhan Rao,Zhangyi Guo,Yufei Li,Ying Huang,Ming Kang,Xiuyun Li
Traditional epoxy resins are made from non-renewable fossil resources, which are difficult to reprocess and recycle, and their flammability makes them unsafe during use. In this experiment, an epoxy resin containing Schiff base (TA-VAN-EP) was synthesized successfully with biomass-derived raw materials. This new material not only had favorable mechanical properties but also had good flame retardancy and degradation properties. The chemical structure of TA-VAN-EP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Its mechanical properties, thermal stability, flame-retardant properties, and other properties were tested. The results showed that, compared with the pure epoxy resin (EP), the mechanical properties of TA-VAN-EP were significantly improved, and the glass transition temperature ( T g ) was increased from 152°C to 190°C. Additionally, TA-VAN-EP reached a V-1 rating during the UL-94 test, and the limited oxygen index (LOI) value increased from 24.7% to 28.4%. Also, the total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke release (TSR) decreased extremely. Moreover, TA-VAN-EP demonstrated good degradation performance under acidic conditions. In conclusion, this work provided a new idea for the production of bio-based flame-retardant epoxy resin with promising degradable abilities and mechanical properties.
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高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2025
·Vol. 36
·期 2
·e70108
·
IF 3.4
Hongjie Lu,Xiaoqiang Chen,Wanzhen Xu,Wenming Yang,Weihong Huang
The issue of pharmaceutical residues in the environment has become increasingly severe, with the detection of sulfonamide antibiotics emerging as a research hotspot in environmental monitoring. Herein, we present a method for detecting sulfadiazine based on a silicon quantum dots (SiQDs)-based fluorescent molecularly imprinted sensor. SiQDs, synthesized using an aqueous phase method, exhibit remarkable fluorescent properties, such as a broad excitation spectrum, tunable emission wavelengths, and high fluorescence stability, offering significant advantages in pharmaceutical detection. By integrating amino-functionalized silica nanospheres (NH 2 -SiO 2 ) and tetraethyl orthosilicate, SiQDs were surface-functionalized to construct SiQDs@NH 2 -SiO 2 @MIPs composite materials. The modified fluorescent molecularly imprinted polymers not only exhibited high selectivity and affinity for the target molecule SDZ, but also demonstrated excellent stability and resistance to interference in complex environments. Experimental results revealed that the sensor displayed a strong linear correlation within the concentration range of 40–100 μmol·L −1 , with a detection limit of 0.036 ng·mL −1 , demonstrating high sensitivity and excellent selectivity. In real sample applications, the recovery rate ranged from 97.88% to 100.74%, with a relative standard deviation of less than 5.37%. These findings emphasize the wide potential applications of this sensor, especially in water quality monitoring, environmental protection, and pharmaceutical detection.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）